Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Psalms, Chapter 34תהלים 34

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Psalms 34 (23 verses in the MT) opens: To being repeated its taste before Abimelech and he drove out and he went. The middle of the chapter continues: Go sons his hearing to me fear of YHWH to teach. It closes: You shall redeem YHWH a person his servants and not then he is guilty all in which they took refuge in it.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Psalms 34 comprises 23 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — To being repeated its taste before Abimelech and he drove out and he wen. To being repeated its taste before Abimelech and he drove out and he went. Blessed YHWH in all times continually your praise in the mouth of. Against YHWH and they praised my soul shall hear humble (ketiv) and you shall rejoice. And he grew to YHWH with me and tall his name together. I will require YHWH and answered and from all fear Deliver me. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — From looking to him and and their faces do not and. From looking to him and and their faces do not and. This poor he called and YHWH listen and from all and troubles one to save. Was encamped the angel of YHWH all around he feared armed. Perceive and they will see for good YHWH happy are you the man in which they took refuge in it. They feared YHWH his holy ones for there is not his need he feared. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Young lion lack and he let you hunger I will require YHWH not you will l. Young lion lack and he let you hunger I will require YHWH not you will lack all good. Go sons his hearing to me fear of YHWH to teach. Who the man delight in alive loved days to see good. Keeping by their languages from evil the edge of speaking with deceit. Turn aside from evil and make good he sought peace and they pursued. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — The eyes of YHWH to the righteous in the ears of to their cry. The eyes of YHWH to the righteous in the ears of to their cry. The face of YHWH among those who did bad to cut off from the land of their remembrance. And he cried out and YHWH listen and from all and troubles has delivered. Near YHWH you shall break the heart of and contrite a spirit of one to save. Many evils righteous all has delivered YHWH. Movement V (vv. 21-23) — Keep all the bones of one of them not you shall break. Keep all the bones of one of them not you shall break. And he died the wicked evil hating righteous then he is guilty. You shall redeem YHWH a person his servants and not then he is guilty all in which they took refuge in it. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

לְדָוִ֗ד בְּשַׁנּוֹת֣וֹ אֶת טַ֭עְמוֹ לִפְנֵ֣י אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְ וַֽ֝יְגָרֲשֵׁ֗הוּ וַיֵּלַֽךְ

To being repeated its taste before Abimelech and he drove out and he went.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'being repeated'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לְדָוִ֗דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
בְּשַׁנּוֹת֣וֹbeing repeatedprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · שָׁנָה (H8138)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁנָה (H8138) 'being repeated'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
טַ֭עְמוֹits tasteN c · טַעַם (H2940)Construct chain (genitival)טַעַם (H2940) 'its taste'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
אֲבִימֶ֑לֶךְAbimelechN · אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (H40)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִימֶלֶךְ (H40) 'Abimelech'.
וַֽ֝יְגָרֲשֵׁ֗הוּand he drove outconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · גָּרַשׁ (H1644)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּרַשׁ (H1644) 'and he drove out'.
וַיֵּלַֽךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and he went'.
2

אֲבָרֲכָ֣ה אֶת יְהוָ֣ה בְּכָל עֵ֑ת תָּ֝מִ֗יד תְּֽהִלָּת֥וֹ בְּפִֽי

Blessed YHWH in all times continually your praise in the mouth of.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'blessed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אֲבָרֲכָ֣הblessedPiel cohortative 1cs · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
עֵ֑תtimesN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'times'.
תָּ֝מִ֗ידcontinuallyN c · תָּמִיד (H8548)Construct chain (genitival)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continually'.
תְּֽהִלָּת֥וֹyour praiseN c · תְּהִלָּה (H8416)Construct chain (genitival)תְּהִלָּה (H8416) 'your praise'.
בְּפִֽיin the mouth ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'in the mouth of'.
3

בַּ֭יהוָה תִּתְהַלֵּ֣ל נַפְשִׁ֑י יִשְׁמְע֖וּ עֲנָוִ֣ים וְיִשְׂמָֽחוּ

Against YHWH and they praised my soul shall hear humble (ketiv) and you shall rejoice.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
בַּ֭יהוָהagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
תִּתְהַלֵּ֣לand they praisedHithpael jussive 3fs · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
נַפְשִׁ֑יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
יִשְׁמְע֖וּshall hearQal impf 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'shall hear'.
עֲנָוִ֣יםhumble (ketiv)Adj · עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035) 'humble (ketiv)'.
וְיִשְׂמָֽחוּand you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
4

גַּדְּל֣וּ לַיהוָ֣ה אִתִּ֑י וּנְרוֹמְמָ֖ה שְׁמ֣וֹ יַחְדָּֽו

And he grew to YHWH with me and tall his name together.

Imperative — volitional addresswə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he grew'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
גַּדְּל֣וּand he grewPiel impv 2mp · גָּדַל (H1431)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeגָּדַל (H1431) 'and he grew'.
לַיהוָ֣הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
אִתִּ֑יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
וּנְרוֹמְמָ֖הand tallconj וְ + Polel cohortative 1cp · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
שְׁמ֣וֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
יַחְדָּֽוtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
5

דָּרַ֣שְׁתִּי אֶת יְהוָ֣ה וְעָנָ֑נִי וּמִכָּל מְ֝גוּרוֹתַ֗י הִצִּילָֽנִי

I will require YHWH and answered and from all fear Deliver me.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I will require'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
דָּרַ֣שְׁתִּיI will requireQal perf 1cs · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְעָנָ֑נִיand answeredconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
וּמִכָּלand from allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and from all'.
מְ֝גוּרוֹתַ֗יfearN c · מְגוֹרַה (H4034)Construct chain (genitival)מְגוֹרַה (H4034) 'fear'.
הִצִּילָֽנִיDeliver meHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַל (H5337) 'Deliver me'.
6

הִבִּ֣יטוּ אֵלָ֣יו וְנָהָ֑רוּ וּ֝פְנֵיהֶ֗ם אַל יֶחְפָּֽרוּ

From looking to him and and their faces do not and.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'from looking'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הִבִּ֣יטוּfrom lookingHiphil perf 3cp · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָבַט (H5027) 'from looking'.
אֵלָ֣יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
וְנָהָ֑רוּandconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · נָהַר (H5102)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָהַר (H5102) 'and'.
וּ֝פְנֵיהֶ֗םand their facesconj וְ + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'and their faces'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יֶחְפָּֽרוּandQal jussive 3mp · חָפֵר (H2659)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָפֵר (H2659) 'and'.
7

זֶ֤ה עָנִ֣י קָ֭רָא וַיהוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל צָ֝רוֹתָ֗יו הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹ

This poor he called and YHWH listen and from all and troubles one to save.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
זֶ֤הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עָנִ֣יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
קָ֭רָאhe calledQal perf 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
וַיהוָ֣הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
שָׁמֵ֑עַlistenQal perf 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
וּמִכָּלand from allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and from all'.
צָ֝רוֹתָ֗יוand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
הוֹשִׁיעֽוֹone to saveHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
8

חֹנֶ֤ה מַלְאַךְ יְהוָ֓ה סָ֘בִ֤יב לִֽירֵאָ֗יו וַֽיְחַלְּצֵֽם

Was encamped the angel of YHWH all around he feared armed.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'was encamped'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
חֹנֶ֤הwas encampedQal ptc ms · חָנָה (H2583)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנָה (H2583) 'was encamped'.
מַלְאַךְthe angel ofN c · מַלְאָךְ (H4397)Construct chain (genitival)מַלְאָךְ (H4397) 'the angel of'.
יְהוָ֓הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
סָ֘בִ֤יבall aroundN c · סָבִיב (H5439)Construct chain (genitival)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
לִֽירֵאָ֗יוhe fearedprep + Adj + sfx 3ms · יָרֵא (H3373)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָרֵא (H3373) 'he feared'.
וַֽיְחַלְּצֵֽםarmedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · חָלַץ (H2502)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַץ (H2502) 'armed'.
9

טַעֲמ֣וּ וּ֭רְאוּ כִּי ט֣וֹב יְהוָ֑ה אַֽשְׁרֵ֥י הַ֝גֶּ֗בֶר יֶחֱסֶה בּֽוֹ

Perceive and they will see for good YHWH happy are you the man in which they took refuge in it.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'perceive'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
טַעֲמ֣וּperceiveQal impv 2mp · טָעַם (H2938)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeטָעַם (H2938) 'perceive'.
וּ֭רְאוּand they will seeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'and they will see'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אַֽשְׁרֵ֥יhappy are youN c · אֶשֶׁר (H835)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשֶׁר (H835) 'happy are you'.
הַ֝גֶּ֗בֶרthe manart + N com m sg abs · גֶּבֶר (H1397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּבֶר (H1397) 'the man'.
יֶחֱסֶהin which they took refugeQal impf 3ms · חָסָה (H2620)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
10

יְר֣אוּ אֶת יְהוָ֣ה קְדֹשָׁ֑יו כִּי אֵ֥ין מַ֝חְס֗וֹר לִירֵאָֽיו

They feared YHWH his holy ones for there is not his need he feared.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'they feared'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
יְר֣אוּthey fearedQal impv 2mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָרֵא (H3372) 'they feared'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
קְדֹשָׁ֑יוhis holy onesAdj · קָדוֹשׁ (H6918)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָדוֹשׁ (H6918) 'his holy ones'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
מַ֝חְס֗וֹרhis needN c · מַחְסוֹר (H4270)Construct chain (genitival)מַחְסוֹר (H4270) 'his need'.
לִירֵאָֽיוhe fearedprep + Adj + sfx 3ms · יָרֵא (H3373)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָרֵא (H3373) 'he feared'.
11

כְּ֭פִירִים רָשׁ֣וּ וְרָעֵ֑בוּ וְדֹרְשֵׁ֥י יְ֝הוָ֗ה לֹא יַחְסְר֥וּ כָל טֽוֹב

Young lion lack and he let you hunger I will require YHWH not you will lack all good.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'lack'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כְּ֭פִירִיםyoung lionN c · כְּפִיר (H3715)Construct chain (genitival)כְּפִיר (H3715) 'young lion'.
רָשׁ֣וּlackQal perf 3cp · רוּשׁ (H7326)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרוּשׁ (H7326) 'lack'.
וְרָעֵ֑בוּand he let you hungerconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · רָעֵב (H7456)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָעֵב (H7456) 'and he let you hunger'.
וְדֹרְשֵׁ֥יI will requireconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַחְסְר֥וּyou will lackQal impf 3mp · חָסֵר (H2637)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָסֵר (H2637) 'you will lack'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
טֽוֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
12

לְֽכוּ בָ֭נִים שִׁמְעוּ לִ֑י יִֽרְאַ֥ת יְ֝הוָ֗ה אֲלַמֶּדְכֶֽם

Go sons his hearing to me fear of YHWH to teach.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לְֽכוּgoQal impv 2mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
בָ֭נִיםsonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons'.
שִׁמְעוּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
יִֽרְאַ֥תfear ofN c · יִרְאָה (H3374)Construct chain (genitival)יִרְאָה (H3374) 'fear of'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֲלַמֶּדְכֶֽםto teachPiel impf 1cs + sfx 2mp · לִמַּד (H3925)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלִמַּד (H3925) 'to teach'.
13

מִֽי הָ֭אִישׁ הֶחָפֵ֣ץ חַיִּ֑ים אֹהֵ֥ב יָ֝מִ֗ים לִרְא֥וֹת טֽוֹב

Who the man delight in alive loved days to see good.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'loved'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
הָ֭אִישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
הֶחָפֵ֣ץdelight inart + Adj · חָפֵץ (H2655)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָפֵץ (H2655) 'delight in'.
חַיִּ֑יםaliveN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
אֹהֵ֥בlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
יָ֝מִ֗יםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
לִרְא֥וֹתto seeprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'.
טֽוֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
14

נְצֹ֣ר לְשׁוֹנְךָ֣ מֵרָ֑ע וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָ מִדַּבֵּ֥ר מִרְמָֽה

Keeping by their languages from evil the edge of speaking with deceit.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'keeping'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
נְצֹ֣רkeepingQal impv 2ms · נָצַר (H5341)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָצַר (H5341) 'keeping'.
לְשׁוֹנְךָ֣by their languagesN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
מֵרָ֑עfrom evilprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'from evil'.
וּ֝שְׂפָתֶ֗יךָthe edge ofconj וְ + N com f du constr + sfx 2ms · שָׂפָה (H8193)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
מִדַּבֵּ֥רspeakingprep + Piel inf constr · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaking'.
מִרְמָֽהwith deceitN c · מִרְמָה (H4820)Construct chain (genitival)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
15

ס֣וּר מֵ֭רָע וַעֲשֵׂה ט֑וֹב בַּקֵּ֖שׁ שָׁל֣וֹם וְרָדְפֵֽהוּ

Turn aside from evil and make good he sought peace and they pursued.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'turn aside'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
ס֣וּרturn asideQal impv 2ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
מֵ֭רָעfrom evilprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'from evil'.
וַעֲשֵׂהand makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
ט֑וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
בַּקֵּ֖שׁhe soughtPiel impv 2ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'he sought'.
שָׁל֣וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
וְרָדְפֵֽהוּand they pursuedconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms + sfx 3ms · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָדַף (H7291) 'and they pursued'.
16

עֵינֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה אֶל צַדִּיקִ֑ים וְ֝אָזְנָ֗יו אֶל שַׁוְעָתָֽם

The eyes of YHWH to the righteous in the ears of to their cry.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
עֵינֵ֣יthe eyes ofN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'the eyes of'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
צַדִּיקִ֑יםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
וְ֝אָזְנָ֗יוin the ears ofconj וְ + N com f du constr + sfx 3ms · אֹזֶן (H241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שַׁוְעָתָֽםtheir cryN c · שַׁוְעָה (H7775)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁוְעָה (H7775) 'their cry'.
17

פְּנֵ֣י יְ֭הוָה בְּעֹ֣שֵׂי רָ֑ע לְהַכְרִ֖ית מֵאֶ֣רֶץ זִכְרָֽם

The face of YHWH among those who did bad to cut off from the land of their remembrance.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'among those who did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּעֹ֣שֵׂיamong those who didprep + Qal ptc mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'among those who did'.
רָ֑עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
לְהַכְרִ֖יתto cut offprep + Hiphil inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'to cut off'.
מֵאֶ֣רֶץfrom the land ofprep + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from the land of'.
זִכְרָֽםtheir remembranceN c · זֵכֶר (H2143)Construct chain (genitival)זֵכֶר (H2143) 'their remembrance'.
18

צָעֲק֣וּ וַיהוָ֣ה שָׁמֵ֑עַ וּמִכָּל צָ֝רוֹתָ֗ם הִצִּילָֽם

And he cried out and YHWH listen and from all and troubles has delivered.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he cried out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
צָעֲק֣וּand he cried outQal perf 3cp · צָעַק (H6817)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָעַק (H6817) 'and he cried out'.
וַיהוָ֣הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
שָׁמֵ֑עַlistenQal perf 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
וּמִכָּלand from allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and from all'.
צָ֝רוֹתָ֗םand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
הִצִּילָֽםhas deliveredHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
19

קָר֣וֹב יְ֭הוָה לְנִשְׁבְּרֵי לֵ֑ב וְֽאֶת דַּכְּאֵי ר֥וּחַ יוֹשִֽׁיעַ

Near YHWH you shall break the heart of and contrite a spirit of one to save.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'you shall break'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
קָר֣וֹבnearAdj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְנִשְׁבְּרֵיyou shall breakprep + Niphal ptc mp · שָׁבַר (H7665)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
לֵ֑בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
וְֽאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
דַּכְּאֵיcontriteAdj · דַּכָּא (H1793)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּכָּא (H1793) 'contrite'.
ר֥וּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
יוֹשִֽׁיעַone to saveHiphil impf 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
20

רַ֭בּוֹת רָע֣וֹת צַדִּ֑יק וּ֝מִכֻּלָּ֗ם יַצִּילֶ֥נּוּ יְהוָֽה

Many evils righteous all has delivered YHWH.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'has delivered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
רַ֭בּוֹתmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
רָע֣וֹתevilsN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evils'.
צַדִּ֑יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
וּ֝מִכֻּלָּ֗םallconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3mp · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יַצִּילֶ֥נּוּhas deliveredHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
21

שֹׁמֵ֥ר כָּל עַצְמוֹתָ֑יו אַחַ֥ת מֵ֝הֵ֗נָּה לֹ֣א נִשְׁבָּֽרָה

Keep all the bones of one of them not you shall break.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'keep'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שֹׁמֵ֥רkeepQal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'keep'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עַצְמוֹתָ֑יוthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
אַחַ֥תoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
מֵ֝הֵ֗נָּהof themprep + pron 3fp · הֵנָּה (H2007)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵנָּה (H2007) 'of them'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִשְׁבָּֽרָהyou shall breakN · שָׁבַר (H7665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
22

תְּמוֹתֵ֣ת רָשָׁ֣ע רָעָ֑ה וְשֹׂנְאֵ֖י צַדִּ֣יק יֶאְשָֽׁמוּ

And he died the wicked evil hating righteous then he is guilty.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he died'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
תְּמוֹתֵ֣תand he diedPolel impf 3fs · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
רָשָׁ֣עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
רָעָ֑הevilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
וְשֹׂנְאֵ֖יhatingconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
צַדִּ֣יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
יֶאְשָֽׁמוּthen he is guiltyQal impf 3mp · אָשֵׁם (H816)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָשֵׁם (H816) 'then he is guilty'.
23

פּוֹדֶ֣ה יְ֭הוָה נֶ֣פֶשׁ עֲבָדָ֑יו וְלֹ֥א יֶ֝אְשְׁמ֗וּ כָּֽל הַחֹסִ֥ים בּֽוֹ

You shall redeem YHWH a person his servants and not then he is guilty all in which they took refuge in it.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'you shall redeem'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
פּוֹדֶ֣הyou shall redeemQal ptc ms · פָּדָה (H6299)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּדָה (H6299) 'you shall redeem'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
נֶ֣פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
עֲבָדָ֑יוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יֶ֝אְשְׁמ֗וּthen he is guiltyQal impf 3mp · אָשֵׁם (H816)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָשֵׁם (H816) 'then he is guilty'.
כָּֽלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַחֹסִ֥יםin which they took refugeart + Qal ptc mp · חָסָה (H2620)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.