1
הַֽלְלוּ יָ֡הּ הַלְלִ֥י נַ֝פְשִׁ֗י אֶת יְהוָֽה
Praise you YHWH. Praise YHWH, O my soul.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הַֽלְלוּand they praisedPiel impv 2mp · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
יָ֡הּYahN · יָהּ (H3050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָהּ (H3050) 'Yah'.
הַלְלִ֥יand they praisedPiel impv 2fs · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
נַ֝פְשִׁ֗יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
2
אֲהַלְלָ֣ה יְהוָ֣ה בְּחַיָּ֑י אֲזַמְּרָ֖ה לֵֽאלֹהַ֣י בְּעוֹדִֽי
While I live will I praise YHWH: I will sing praises to my God while I have any being.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
אֲהַלְלָ֣הand they praisedPiel cohortative 1cs · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּחַיָּ֑יmy lifeprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'my life'.
אֲזַמְּרָ֖הI will make musicPiel cohortative 1cs · זָמַר (H2167)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalזָמַר (H2167) 'I will make music'.
לֵֽאלֹהַ֣יto the God ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'to the God of'.
בְּעוֹדִֽיagainprep + art + sfx 1cs · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
3
אַל תִּבְטְח֥וּ בִנְדִיבִ֑ים בְּבֶן אָדָ֓ם שֶׁ֤אֵֽין ל֥וֹ תְשׁוּעָֽה
Put not your trust in princes, in the son of man, in whom no help.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'trusting'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּבְטְח֥וּtrustingQal jussive 2mp · בָּטַח (H982)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
בִנְדִיבִ֑יםwilling ofprep + Adj · נָדִיב (H5081)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָדִיב (H5081) 'willing of'.
בְּבֶןthe sons ofprep + N com m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אָדָ֓םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
שֶׁ֤אֵֽיןthere is notrel. שֶׁ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
תְשׁוּעָֽהdeliveranceN c · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
4
תֵּצֵ֣א ר֭וּחוֹ יָשֻׁ֣ב לְאַדְמָת֑וֹ בַּיּ֥וֹם הַ֝ה֗וּא אָבְד֥וּ עֶשְׁתֹּנֹתָֽיו
His breath goeth forth, he returneth to his earth; in that very day his thoughts perish.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you go out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
תֵּצֵ֣אyou go outQal impf 3fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'you go out'.
ר֭וּחוֹhis spiritN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'his spirit'.
יָשֻׁ֣בand they returnedQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
לְאַדְמָת֑וֹthe groundprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֲדָמָה (H127)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדָמָה (H127) 'the ground'.
בַּיּ֥וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַ֝ה֗וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
אָבְד֥וּyour perishingQal perf 3cp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
עֶשְׁתֹּנֹתָֽיוthoughtN c · עֶשְׁתֹּנָה (H6250)Construct chain (genitival)עֶשְׁתֹּנָה (H6250) 'thought'.
5
אַשְׁרֵ֗י שֶׁ֤אֵ֣ל יַעֲקֹ֣ב בְּעֶזְר֑וֹ שִׂ֝בְר֗וֹ עַל יְהוָ֥ה אֱלֹהָֽיו
Happy that the God of Jacob for his help, whose hope in YHWH his God:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אַשְׁרֵ֗יhappy are youN c · אֶשֶׁר (H835)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשֶׁר (H835) 'happy are you'.
שֶׁ֤אֵ֣לGodrel. שֶׁ + N com m sg constr · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
יַעֲקֹ֣בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
בְּעֶזְר֑וֹa helperprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֵזֶר (H5828)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵזֶר (H5828) 'a helper'.
שִׂ֝בְר֗וֹhopeN c · שֵׂבֶר (H7664)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׂבֶר (H7664) 'hope'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהָֽיוhis GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'his God'.
6
עֹשֶׂ֤ה שָׁ֘מַ֤יִם וָאָ֗רֶץ אֶת הַיָּ֥ם וְאֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁר בָּ֑ם הַשֹּׁמֵ֖ר אֱמֶ֣ת לְעוֹלָֽם
Which made heaven, and earth, the sea, and all that therein : which keepeth truth for ever:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
עֹשֶׂ֤הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
שָׁ֘מַ֤יִםheavenN c · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'heaven'.
וָאָ֗רֶץand earthconj וְ + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'and earth'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיָּ֥םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֑םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
הַשֹּׁמֵ֖רtake careart + Qal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'take care'.
אֱמֶ֣תtrueN c · אֱמֶת (H571)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמֶת (H571) 'true'.
לְעוֹלָֽםforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
7
עֹשֶׂ֤ה מִשְׁפָּ֨ט לָעֲשׁוּקִ֗ים נֹתֵ֣ן לֶ֭חֶם לָרְעֵבִ֑ים יְ֝הוָ֗ה מַתִּ֥יר אֲסוּרִֽים
Which executeth judgment for the oppressed: which giveth food to the hungry. YHWH looseth the prisoners:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
עֹשֶׂ֤הhe didQal ptc ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
מִשְׁפָּ֨טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
לָעֲשׁוּקִ֗יםyou shall oppressprep + art + Qal ptc mp · עָשַׁק (H6231)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשַׁק (H6231) 'you shall oppress'.
נֹתֵ֣ןis givingQal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
לֶ֭חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
לָרְעֵבִ֑יםandprep + art + Adj · רָעֵב (H7457)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָעֵב (H7457) 'and'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מַתִּ֥ירto leapHiphil ptc ms · נָתַר (H5425)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָתַר (H5425) 'to leap'.
אֲסוּרִֽיםare confinedQal ptc mp · אָסַר (H631)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָסַר (H631) 'are confined'.
8
יְהוָ֤ה פֹּ֘קֵ֤חַ עִוְרִ֗ים יְ֭הוָה זֹקֵ֣ף כְּפוּפִ֑ים יְ֝הוָ֗ה אֹהֵ֥ב צַדִּיקִֽים
YHWH openeth the blind: YHWH raiseth them that are bowed down: YHWH loveth the righteous:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he opened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
פֹּ֘קֵ֤חַand he openedQal ptc ms · פָּקַח (H6491)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּקַח (H6491) 'and he opened'.
עִוְרִ֗יםblindAdj · עִוֵּר (H5787)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִוֵּר (H5787) 'blind'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
זֹקֵ֣ףraiseQal ptc ms · זָקַף (H2210)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorזָקַף (H2210) 'raise'.
כְּפוּפִ֑יםbow downQal ptc mp · כָּפַף (H3721)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּפַף (H3721) 'bow down'.
יְ֝הוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֹהֵ֥בlovedQal ptc ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
צַדִּיקִֽיםthe righteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'the righteous'.
9
יְהוָ֤ה שֹׁ֘מֵ֤ר אֶת גֵּרִ֗ים יָת֣וֹם וְאַלְמָנָ֣ה יְעוֹדֵ֑ד וְדֶ֖רֶךְ רְשָׁעִ֣ים יְעַוֵּֽת
YHWH preserveth the strangers; he relieveth the fatherless and widow: but the way of the wicked he turneth upside down.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'keep'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
יְהוָ֤הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
שֹׁ֘מֵ֤רkeepQal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'keep'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
גֵּרִ֗יםsojournersN c · גֵּר (H1616)Construct chain (genitival)גֵּר (H1616) 'sojourners'.
יָת֣וֹםorphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'orphan'.
וְאַלְמָנָ֣הand widowconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אַלְמָנָה (H490)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַלְמָנָה (H490) 'and widow'.
יְעוֹדֵ֑דI call to witnessPolel impf 3ms · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעוּד (H5749) 'I call to witness'.
וְדֶ֖רֶךְon the wayconj וְ + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יְעַוֵּֽתhas bent/wronged mePiel impf 3ms · עִוֵּת (H5791)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעִוֵּת (H5791) 'has bent/wronged me'.
10
יִמְלֹ֤ךְ יְהוָ֨ה לְעוֹלָ֗ם אֱלֹהַ֣יִךְ צִ֭יּוֹן לְדֹ֥ר וָדֹ֗ר הַֽלְלוּ יָֽהּ
YHWH shall reign for ever, your God, O Zion, to all generations. Praise you YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'will reign'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יִמְלֹ֤ךְwill reignQal impf 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָלַךְ (H4427) 'will reign'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְעוֹלָ֗םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
אֱלֹהַ֣יִךְyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
צִ֭יּוֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
לְדֹ֥רto generationprep + N com m sg abs · דּוֹר (H1755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹר (H1755) 'to generation'.
וָדֹ֗רthroughout your generationsconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דּוֹר (H1755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹר (H1755) 'throughout your generations'.
הַֽלְלוּand they praisedPiel impv 2mp · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
יָֽהּYahN · יָהּ (H3050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָהּ (H3050) 'Yah'.