1
מִזְמ֗וֹר לְדָ֫וִ֥ד יְהוָ֣ה קְ֭רָאתִיךָ ח֣וּשָׁה לִּ֑י הַאֲזִ֥ינָה ק֝וֹלִ֗י בְּקָרְאִי לָֽךְ
[A Psalm of David.] YHWH, I cry to you: make haste to me; give ear to my voice, when I cry to you.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I called you'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
מִזְמ֗וֹרpsalmN c · מִזְמוֹר (H4210)Construct chain (genitival)מִזְמוֹר (H4210) 'psalm'.
לְדָ֫וִ֥דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
קְ֭רָאתִיךָI called youQal perf 1cs + sfx 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'I called you'.
ח֣וּשָׁהand hastensQal impv 2ms + Sh · חוּשׁ (H2363)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחוּשׁ (H2363) 'and hastens'.
לִּ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הַאֲזִ֥ינָהgive earHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
ק֝וֹלִ֗יmy voiceN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'my voice'.
בְּקָרְאִיand he calledprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 1cs · קָרָא (H7121)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
לָֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
2
תִּכּ֤וֹן תְּפִלָּתִ֣י קְטֹ֣רֶת לְפָנֶ֑יךָ מַֽשְׂאַ֥ת כַּ֝פַּ֗י מִנְחַת עָֽרֶב
Let my prayer be set forth before you incense; the lifting up of my hands the evening sacrifice.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
תִּכּ֤וֹןreadyN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
תְּפִלָּתִ֣יprayerN c · תְּפִלָּה (H8605)Construct chain (genitival)תְּפִלָּה (H8605) 'prayer'.
קְטֹ֣רֶתincenseN c · קְטֹרֶת (H7004)Construct chain (genitival)קְטֹרֶת (H7004) 'incense'.
לְפָנֶ֑יךָbefore youprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before you'.
מַֽשְׂאַ֥תportionsN c · מַשְׂאֵת (H4864)Construct chain (genitival)מַשְׂאֵת (H4864) 'portions'.
כַּ֝פַּ֗יthe palms ofN c · כַּף (H3709)Construct chain (genitival)כַּף (H3709) 'the palms of'.
מִנְחַתa grain offering ofN c · מִנְחָה (H4503)Construct chain (genitival)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'a grain offering of'.
עָֽרֶבeveningN c · עֶרֶב (H6153)Construct chain (genitival)עֶרֶב (H6153) 'evening'.
3
שִׁיתָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה שָׁמְרָ֣ה לְפִ֑י נִ֝צְּרָ֗ה עַל דַּ֥ל שְׂפָתָֽי
Set a watch, O YHWH, before my mouth; keep the door of my lips.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'is imposed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שִׁיתָ֣הis imposedQal impv 2ms + Sh · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשִׁית (H7896) 'is imposed'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
שָׁמְרָ֣הwatchN c · שׇׁמְרָה (H8108)Construct chain (genitival)שׇׁמְרָה (H8108) 'watch'.
לְפִ֑יwith the edge ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'with the edge of'.
נִ֝צְּרָ֗הhe guarded himQal impv 2ms + Sh · נָצַר (H5341)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָצַר (H5341) 'he guarded him'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דַּ֥לthe doorN c · דֶּלֶת (H1817)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּלֶת (H1817) 'the door'.
שְׂפָתָֽיthe edge ofN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'the edge of'.
4
אַל תַּט לִבִּ֨י לְדָבָ֪ר רָ֡ע לְהִתְע֘וֹלֵ֤ל עֲלִל֨וֹת בְּרֶ֗שַׁע אֶת אִישִׁ֥ים פֹּֽעֲלֵי אָ֑וֶן וּבַל אֶ֝לְחַ֗ם בְּמַנְעַמֵּיהֶֽם
Incline not my heart to evil thing, to practise wicked works with men that work iniquity: and let me not eat of their dainties.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'stretch out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תַּטstretch outHiphil jussive 2ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לִבִּ֨יmy heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'my heart'.
לְדָבָ֪רconcerning the matterprep + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'concerning the matter'.
רָ֡עbadAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'bad'.
לְהִתְע֘וֹלֵ֤לyou shall glean it a second timeprep + Hithpolel inf constr · עָלַל (H5953)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָלַל (H5953) 'you shall glean it a second time'.
עֲלִל֨וֹתoccasions/pretexts ofN c · עֲלִילָה (H5949)Construct chain (genitival)עֲלִילָה (H5949) 'occasions/pretexts of'.
בְּרֶ֗שַׁעtheir wickednessprep + N com m sg abs · רֶשַׁע (H7562)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶשַׁע (H7562) 'their wickedness'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
אִישִׁ֥יםa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
פֹּֽעֲלֵיdidQal ptc mp · פָּעַל (H6466)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אָ֑וֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
וּבַלandconj וְ + neg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'and'.
אֶ֝לְחַ֗םto fightQal impf 1cs · לָחַם (H3898)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
בְּמַנְעַמֵּיהֶֽםinprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3mp · מַנְעַם (H4516)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַנְעַם (H4516) 'in'.
5
יֶֽהֶלְמֵֽנִי צַדִּ֨יק חֶ֡סֶד וְֽיוֹכִיחֵ֗נִי שֶׁ֣מֶן רֹ֭אשׁ אַל יָנִ֣י רֹאשִׁ֑י כִּי ע֥וֹד וּ֝תְפִלָּתִ֗י בְּרָעוֹתֵיהֶֽם
Let the righteous smite me; a kindness: and let him reprove me; an excellent oil, shall not break my head: for yet my prayer also in their calamities.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'hammered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
יֶֽהֶלְמֵֽנִיhammeredQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · הָלַם (H1986)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַם (H1986) 'hammered'.
צַדִּ֨יקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
חֶ֡סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
וְֽיוֹכִיחֵ֗נִיand you are vindicatedconj וְ + Hiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · יָכַח (H3198)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכַח (H3198) 'and you are vindicated'.
שֶׁ֣מֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
רֹ֭אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יָנִ֣יrestrainsHiphil jussive 3ms · נוּא (H5106)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנוּא (H5106) 'restrains'.
רֹאשִׁ֑יthe heads ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the heads of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
ע֥וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
וּ֝תְפִלָּתִ֗יprayerconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · תְּפִלָּה (H8605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּפִלָּה (H8605) 'prayer'.
בְּרָעוֹתֵיהֶֽםthe evilprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
6
נִשְׁמְט֣וּ בִֽידֵי סֶ֭לַע שֹׁפְטֵיהֶ֑ם וְשָׁמְע֥וּ אֲ֝מָרַ֗י כִּ֣י נָעֵֽמוּ
When their judges are overthrown in stony places, they shall hear my words; for they are sweet.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'their judges'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
נִשְׁמְט֣וּshall releaseN · שָׁמַט (H8058)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַט (H8058) 'shall release'.
בִֽידֵיin my handprep + N com c du constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in my hand'.
סֶ֭לַעthe rockN c · סֶלַע (H5553)Construct chain (genitival)סֶלַע (H5553) 'the rock'.
שֹׁפְטֵיהֶ֑םtheir judgesQal ptc mp + sfx 3mp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'their judges'.
וְשָׁמְע֥וּand hearconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Particle or relational elementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and hear'.
אֲ֝מָרַ֗יthe words ofN c · אֵמֶר (H561)Construct chain (genitival)אֵמֶר (H561) 'the words of'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נָעֵֽמוּit was pleasantQal perf 3cp · נָעֵם (H5276)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָעֵם (H5276) 'it was pleasant'.
7
כְּמ֤וֹ פֹלֵ֣חַ וּבֹקֵ֣עַ בָּאָ֑רֶץ נִפְזְר֥וּ עֲ֝צָמֵ֗ינוּ לְפִ֣י שְׁאֽוֹל
Our bones are scattered at the grave's mouth, as when one cutteth and cleaveth upon the earth.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כְּמ֤וֹlikeprep · כְּמוֹ (H3644)Particle or relational elementכְּמוֹ (H3644) 'like'.
פֹלֵ֣חַandQal ptc ms · פָּלַח (H6398)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּלַח (H6398) 'and'.
וּבֹקֵ֣עַand were dividedconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · בָּקַע (H1234)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
בָּאָ֑רֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
נִפְזְר֥וּandN · פָּזַר (H6340)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּזַר (H6340) 'and'.
עֲ֝צָמֵ֗ינוּthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
לְפִ֣יwith the edge ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'with the edge of'.
שְׁאֽוֹלSheolN · שְׁאוֹל (H7585)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁאוֹל (H7585) 'Sheol'.
8
כִּ֤י אֵלֶ֨יךָ יְהֹוִ֣ה אֲדֹנָ֣י עֵינָ֑י בְּכָ֥ה חָ֝סִ֗יתִי אַל תְּעַ֥ר נַפְשִֽׁי
But mine eyes to you, O YHWH YHWH: in you is my trust; leave not my soul destitute.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'in which they took refuge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵלֶ֨יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
יְהֹוִ֣הYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
אֲדֹנָ֣יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
עֵינָ֑יthe eyes ofN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'the eyes of'.
בְּכָ֥הinprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in'.
חָ֝סִ֗יתִיin which they took refugeQal perf 1cs · חָסָה (H2620)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָסָה (H2620) 'in which they took refuge'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּעַ֥רhe has laid barePiel jussive 2ms · עָרָה (H6168)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָרָה (H6168) 'he has laid bare'.
נַפְשִֽׁיmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
9
שָׁמְרֵ֗נִי מִ֣ידֵי פַ֭ח יָ֣קְשׁוּ לִ֑י וּ֝מֹקְשׁ֗וֹת פֹּ֣עֲלֵי אָֽוֶן
Keep me from the snares they have laid for me, and the gins of the workers of iniquity.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and you shall keep'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שָׁמְרֵ֗נִיand you shall keepQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
מִ֣ידֵיfrom my handprep + N com c du constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from my hand'.
פַ֭חsheets ofN c · פַּח (H6341)Construct chain (genitival)פַּח (H6341) 'sheets of'.
יָ֣קְשׁוּyou be ensnaredQal perf 3cp · יָקֹשׁ (H3369)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָקֹשׁ (H3369) 'you be ensnared'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וּ֝מֹקְשׁ֗וֹתa snareconj וְ + N com m pl constr · מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170) 'a snare'.
פֹּ֣עֲלֵיdidQal ptc mp · פָּעַל (H6466)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorפָּעַל (H6466) 'did'.
אָֽוֶןiniquityN c · אוֹן (H205)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹן (H205) 'iniquity'.
10
יִפְּל֣וּ בְמַכְמֹרָ֣יו רְשָׁעִ֑ים יַ֥חַד אָ֝נֹכִ֗י עַֽד אֶעֱבֽוֹר
Let the wicked fall into their own nets, whilst that I withal escape.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall fall'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יִפְּל֣וּshall fallQal impf 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָפַל (H5307) 'shall fall'.
בְמַכְמֹרָ֣יוnetprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · מַכְמָר (H4364)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַכְמָר (H4364) 'net'.
רְשָׁעִ֑יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יַ֥חַדtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
אָ֝נֹכִ֗יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
עַֽדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אֶעֱבֽוֹרI can passQal impf 1cs · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'I can pass'.