1
הַ֥לְלוּ יָ֨הּ אַשְׁרֵי אִ֭ישׁ יָרֵ֣א אֶת יְהוָ֑ה בְּ֝מִצְוֺתָ֗יו חָפֵ֥ץ מְאֹֽד
Praise you YHWH. Blessed the man feareth YHWH, delighteth greatly in his commandments.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
הַ֥לְלוּand they praisedPiel impv 2mp · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
יָ֨הּYahN · יָהּ (H3050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָהּ (H3050) 'Yah'.
אַשְׁרֵיhappy are youN c · אֶשֶׁר (H835)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשֶׁר (H835) 'happy are you'.
אִ֭ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יָרֵ֣אhe was afraidQal ptc ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָרֵא (H3372) 'he was afraid'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּ֝מִצְוֺתָ֗יוthe commandments ofprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3ms · מִצְוָה (H4687)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְוָה (H4687) 'the commandments of'.
חָפֵ֥ץhe delightedQal perf 3ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he delighted'.
מְאֹֽדveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
2
גִּבּ֣וֹר בָּ֭אָרֶץ יִהְיֶ֣ה זַרְע֑וֹ דּ֭וֹר יְשָׁרִ֣ים יְבֹרָֽךְ
His seed shall be mighty upon earth: the generation of the upright shall be blessed.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
גִּבּ֣וֹרmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
בָּ֭אָרֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
יִהְיֶ֣הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
זַרְע֑וֹits seedN c · זֶרַע (H2233)Construct chain (genitival)זֶרַע (H2233) 'its seed'.
דּ֭וֹרgenerationN c · דּוֹר (H1755)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹר (H1755) 'generation'.
יְשָׁרִ֣יםthe uprightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'the upright'.
יְבֹרָֽךְbless youPual impf 3ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'bless you'.
3
הוֹן וָעֹ֥שֶׁר בְּבֵית֑וֹ וְ֝צִדְקָת֗וֹ עֹמֶ֥דֶת לָעַֽד
Wealth and riches in his house: and his righteousness endureth for ever.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'you stood'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
הוֹןenoughN c · הוֹן (H1952)Construct chain (genitival)הוֹן (H1952) 'enough'.
וָעֹ֥שֶׁרthe wealthconj וְ + N com m sg abs · עֹשֶׁר (H6239)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹשֶׁר (H6239) 'the wealth'.
בְּבֵית֑וֹover his houseprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'over his house'.
וְ֝צִדְקָת֗וֹrighteousnessconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · צְדָקָה (H6666)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
עֹמֶ֥דֶתyou stoodQal ptc fs · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'you stood'.
לָעַֽדforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'forever'.
4
זָ֘רַ֤ח בַּחֹ֣שֶׁךְ א֭וֹר לַיְשָׁרִ֑ים חַנּ֖וּן וְרַח֣וּם וְצַדִּֽיק
To the upright there ariseth light in the darkness: gracious, and full of compassion, and righteous.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he dawned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
זָ֘רַ֤חand he dawnedQal perf 3ms · זָרַח (H2224)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָרַח (H2224) 'and he dawned'.
בַּחֹ֣שֶׁךְin the darkprep + art + N com m sg abs · חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹשֶׁךְ (H2822) 'in the dark'.
א֭וֹרlightN c · אוֹר (H216)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹר (H216) 'light'.
לַיְשָׁרִ֑יםrightprep + art + Adj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
חַנּ֖וּןgraciousAdj · חַנוּן (H2587)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנוּן (H2587) 'gracious'.
וְרַח֣וּםcompassionateconj וְ + Adj · רַחוּם (H7349)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַחוּם (H7349) 'compassionate'.
וְצַדִּֽיקand the righteousconj וְ + Adj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'and the righteous'.
5
טֽוֹב אִ֭ישׁ חוֹנֵ֣ן וּמַלְוֶ֑ה יְכַלְכֵּ֖ל דְּבָרָ֣יו בְּמִשְׁפָּֽט
A good man sheweth favour, and lendeth: he will guide his affairs with discretion.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'pity me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
טֽוֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
אִ֭ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
חוֹנֵ֣ןpity meQal ptc ms · חָנַן (H2603)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
וּמַלְוֶ֑הand you will lendconj וְ + Hiphil ptc ms · לָוָה (H3867)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלָוָה (H3867) 'and you will lend'.
יְכַלְכֵּ֖לand I will providel impf 3ms · כּוּל (H3557)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
דְּבָרָ֣יוhis wordsN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'his words'.
בְּמִשְׁפָּֽטin judgmentprep + N com m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'in judgment'.
6
כִּֽי לְעוֹלָ֥ם לֹא יִמּ֑וֹט לְזֵ֥כֶר ע֝וֹלָ֗ם יִהְיֶ֥ה צַדִּֽיק
Surely he shall not be moved for ever: the righteous shall be in everlasting remembrance.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְעוֹלָ֥םforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלָם (H5769)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'forever'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִמּ֑וֹטshall slipN · מוֹט (H4131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
לְזֵ֥כֶרthe remembrance ofprep + N com m sg constr · זֵכֶר (H2143)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֵכֶר (H2143) 'the remembrance of'.
ע֝וֹלָ֗םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
יִהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
צַדִּֽיקrighteousAdj · צַדִּיק (H6662)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַדִּיק (H6662) 'righteous'.
7
מִשְּׁמוּעָ֣ה רָ֭עָה לֹ֣א יִירָ֑א נָכ֥וֹן לִ֝בּ֗וֹ בָּטֻ֥חַ בַּיהוָֽה
He shall not be afraid of evil tidings: his heart is fixed, trusting in YHWH.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'fear'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
מִשְּׁמוּעָ֣הbruitprep + N com f sg abs · שְׁמוּעָה (H8052)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמוּעָה (H8052) 'bruit'.
רָ֭עָהevilAdj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'evil'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִירָ֑אfearQal impf 3ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
נָכ֥וֹןconfirmedN · כּוּן (H3559)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוּן (H3559) 'confirmed'.
לִ֝בּ֗וֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
בָּטֻ֥חַtrustingQal ptc ms · בָּטַח (H982)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּטַח (H982) 'trusting'.
בַּיהוָֽהagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
8
סָמ֣וּךְ לִ֭בּוֹ לֹ֣א יִירָ֑א עַ֖ד אֲשֶׁר יִרְאֶ֣ה בְצָרָֽיו
His heart established, he shall not be afraid, until he see upon his enemies.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he shall lay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
סָמ֣וּךְand he shall layQal ptc ms · סָמַךְ (H5564)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָמַךְ (H5564) 'and he shall lay'.
לִ֭בּוֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִירָ֑אfearQal impf 3ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
עַ֖דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יִרְאֶ֣הshall be seenQal impf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall be seen'.
בְצָרָֽיוnarrowprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · צַר (H6862)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַר (H6862) 'narrow'.
9
פִּזַּ֤ר נָ֘תַ֤ן לָאֶבְיוֹנִ֗ים צִ֭דְקָתוֹ עֹמֶ֣דֶת לָעַ֑ד קַ֝רְנ֗וֹ תָּר֥וּם בְּכָבֽוֹד
He has dispersed, he has given to the poor; his righteousness endureth for ever; his horn shall be exalted with honour.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
פִּזַּ֤רandPiel perf 3ms · פָּזַר (H6340)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּזַר (H6340) 'and'.
נָ֘תַ֤ןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
לָאֶבְיוֹנִ֗יםpoorprep + art + Adj · אֶבְיוֹן (H34)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיוֹן (H34) 'poor'.
צִ֭דְקָתוֹrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
עֹמֶ֣דֶתyou stoodQal ptc fs · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'you stood'.
לָעַ֑דforeverprep + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'forever'.
קַ֝רְנ֗וֹits hornsN c · קֶרֶן (H7161)Construct chain (genitival)קֶרֶן (H7161) 'its horns'.
תָּר֥וּםand tallQal impf 3fs · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
בְּכָבֽוֹדthe glory ofprep + N com c sg abs · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
10
רָ֘שָׁ֤ע יִרְאֶ֨ה וְכָעָ֗ס שִׁנָּ֣יו יַחֲרֹ֣ק וְנָמָ֑ס תַּאֲוַ֖ת רְשָׁעִ֣ים תֹּאבֵֽד
The wicked shall see , and be grieved; he shall gnash with his teeth, and melt away: the desire of the wicked shall perish.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall be seen'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
רָ֘שָׁ֤עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יִרְאֶ֨הshall be seenQal impf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'shall be seen'.
וְכָעָ֗סto provoke himconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · כָּעַס (H3707)Particle or relational elementכָּעַס (H3707) 'to provoke him'.
שִׁנָּ֣יוtoothN c · שֵׁן (H8127)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁן (H8127) 'tooth'.
יַחֲרֹ֣קgnashQal impf 3ms · חָרַק (H2786)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַק (H2786) 'gnash'.
וְנָמָ֑סand it meltedconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · מָסַס (H4549)Particle or relational elementמָסַס (H4549) 'and it melted'.
תַּאֲוַ֖תa delightN c · תַּאֲוָה (H8378)Construct chain (genitival)תַּאֲוָה (H8378) 'a delight'.
רְשָׁעִ֣יםthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
תֹּאבֵֽדis lostQal impf 3fs · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'is lost'.