1
לָמָ֣ה יְ֭הוָה תַּעֲמֹ֣ד בְּרָח֑וֹק תַּ֝עְלִ֗ים לְעִתּ֥וֹת בַּצָּרָֽה
Why standest you afar off, O YHWH? hidest you in times of trouble?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall stand'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
לָמָ֣הwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
יְ֭הוָהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תַּעֲמֹ֣דyou shall standQal impf 2ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'you shall stand'.
בְּרָח֑וֹקfrom far awayprep + Adj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'from far away'.
תַּ֝עְלִ֗יםand it is hiddenHiphil impf 2ms · עָלַם (H5956)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלַם (H5956) 'and it is hidden'.
לְעִתּ֥וֹתat the timeprep + N com c pl abs · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
בַּצָּרָֽהand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
2
בְּגַאֲוַ֣ת רָ֭שָׁע יִדְלַ֣ק עָנִ֑י יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּ בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת ז֣וּ חָשָֽׁבוּ
The wicked in pride does persecute the poor: let them be taken in the devices that they have imagined.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you have pursued'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
בְּגַאֲוַ֣תand in his majestyprep + N com f sg constr · גַּאֲוָה (H1346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּאֲוָה (H1346) 'and in his majesty'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
יִדְלַ֣קyou have pursuedQal impf 3ms · דָּלַק (H1814)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּלַק (H1814) 'you have pursued'.
עָנִ֑יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
יִתָּפְשׂ֓וּto capture itN · תָּפַשׂ (H8610)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּפַשׂ (H8610) 'to capture it'.
בִּמְזִמּ֖וֹת(wicked) deviceprep + N com f pl abs · מְזִמָּה (H4209)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְזִמָּה (H4209) '(wicked) device'.
ז֣וּwhomrel. שֶׁ · זוּ (H2098)Particle or relational elementזוּ (H2098) 'whom'.
חָשָֽׁבוּa skilled designerQal perf 3cp · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָשַׁב (H2803) 'a skilled designer'.
3
כִּֽי הִלֵּ֣ל רָ֭שָׁע עַל תַּאֲוַ֣ת נַפְשׁ֑וֹ וּבֹצֵ֥עַ בֵּ֝רֵ֗ךְ נִ֘אֵ֥ץ יְהוָֽה
For the wicked boasteth of his heart's desire, and blesseth the covetous, YHWH abhorreth.
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they praised'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִלֵּ֣לand they praisedPiel perf 3ms · הָלַל (H1984)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַל (H1984) 'and they praised'.
רָ֭שָׁעthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
תַּאֲוַ֣תa delightN c · תַּאֲוָה (H8378)Construct chain (genitival)תַּאֲוָה (H8378) 'a delight'.
נַפְשׁ֑וֹhis soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'his soul'.
וּבֹצֵ֥עַcutconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · בָּצַע (H1214)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּצַע (H1214) 'cut'.
בֵּ֝רֵ֗ךְhe blessedPiel perf 3ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'he blessed'.
נִ֘אֵ֥ץhave despisedPiel perf 3ms · נָאַץ (H5006)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָאַץ (H5006) 'have despised'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
4
רָשָׁ֗ע כְּגֹ֣בַהּ אַ֭פּוֹ בַּל יִדְרֹ֑שׁ אֵ֥ין אֱ֝לֹהִ֗ים כָּל מְזִמּוֹתָֽיו
The wicked, through the pride of his countenance, will not seek : God not in all his thoughts.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will require'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
רָשָׁ֗עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
כְּגֹ֣בַהּexcellencyprep + N com m sg constr · גֹּבַהּ (H1363)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֹּבַהּ (H1363) 'excellency'.
אַ֭פּוֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִדְרֹ֑שׁI will requireQal impf 3ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
אֱ֝לֹהִ֗יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מְזִמּוֹתָֽיו(wicked) deviceN c · מְזִמָּה (H4209)Construct chain (genitival)מְזִמָּה (H4209) '(wicked) device'.
5
יָ֘חִ֤ילוּ דרכו דְרָכָ֨יו בְּכָל עֵ֗ת מָר֣וֹם מִ֭שְׁפָּטֶיךָ מִנֶּגְדּ֑וֹ כָּל צ֝וֹרְרָ֗יו יָפִ֥יחַ בָּהֶֽם
His ways are always grievous; your judgments far above out of his sight: all his enemies, he puffeth at them.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and be in anguish'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
יָ֘חִ֤ילוּand be in anguishQal impf 3mp · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
דרכוhis journeyN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his journey'.
דְרָכָ֨יוhis waysN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'his ways'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
עֵ֗תtimesN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'times'.
מָר֣וֹםthe heights ofN c · מָרוֹם (H4791)Construct chain (genitival)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
מִ֭שְׁפָּטֶיךָyour judgmentsN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'your judgments'.
מִנֶּגְדּ֑וֹat a distanceprep + prep + sfx 3ms · נֶגֶד (H5048)Particle or relational elementנֶגֶד (H5048) 'at a distance'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
צ֝וֹרְרָ֗יוand it will besiegeQal ptc mp + sfx 3ms · צָרַר (H6887)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָרַר (H6887) 'and it will besiege'.
יָפִ֥יחַblowHiphil impf 3ms · פּוּחַ (H6315)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּחַ (H6315) 'blow'.
בָּהֶֽםin themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in them'.
6
אָמַ֣ר בְּ֭לִבּוֹ בַּל אֶמּ֑וֹט לְדֹ֥ר וָ֝דֹ֗ר אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא בְרָֽע
He has said in his heart, I shall not be moved: for never in adversity.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
בְּ֭לִבּוֹin his heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in his heart'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
אֶמּ֑וֹטshall slipN · מוֹט (H4131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹט (H4131) 'shall slip'.
לְדֹ֥רto generationprep + N com m sg abs · דּוֹר (H1755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹר (H1755) 'to generation'.
וָ֝דֹ֗רthroughout your generationsconj וְ + N com m sg abs · דּוֹר (H1755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹר (H1755) 'throughout your generations'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בְרָֽעin troubleprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'in trouble'.
7
אָלָ֤ה פִּ֣יהוּ מָ֭לֵא וּמִרְמ֣וֹת וָתֹ֑ךְ תַּ֥חַת לְ֝שׁוֹנ֗וֹ עָמָ֥ל וָאָֽוֶן
His mouth is full of cursing and deceit and fraud: under his tongue mischief and vanity.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he wholly followed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אָלָ֤הan oathN c · אָלָה (H423)Construct chain (genitival)אָלָה (H423) 'an oath'.
פִּ֣יהוּhis mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'his mouth'.
מָ֭לֵאhe wholly followedQal perf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
וּמִרְמ֣וֹתwith deceitconj וְ + N com f pl abs · מִרְמָה (H4820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִרְמָה (H4820) 'with deceit'.
וָתֹ֑ךְandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · תֹּךְ (H8496)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּךְ (H8496) 'and'.
תַּ֥חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
לְ֝שׁוֹנ֗וֹby their languagesN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'by their languages'.
עָמָ֥לtroubleN c · עָמָל (H5999)Construct chain (genitival)עָמָל (H5999) 'trouble'.
וָאָֽוֶןin mourningconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אוֹן (H205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹן (H205) 'in mourning'.
8
יֵשֵׁ֤ב בְּמַאְרַ֬ב חֲצֵרִ֗ים בַּֽ֭מִּסְתָּרִים יַהֲרֹ֣ג נָקִ֑י עֵ֝ינָ֗יו לְֽחֵלְכָ֥ה יִצְפֹּֽנוּ
He sitteth in the lurking places of the villages: in the secret places does he murder the innocent: his eyes are privily set against the poor.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'dwelling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
יֵשֵׁ֤בdwellingQal impf 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
בְּמַאְרַ֬בthe ambush [place]prep + N com m sg constr · מַאְרָב (H3993)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַאְרָב (H3993) 'the ambush [place]'.
חֲצֵרִ֗יםand their villagesN c · חָצֵר (H2691)Construct chain (genitival)חָצֵר (H2691) 'and their villages'.
בַּֽ֭מִּסְתָּרִיםsecret(-lyprep + art + N com m pl abs · מִסְתָּר (H4565)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְתָּר (H4565) 'secret(-ly'.
יַהֲרֹ֣גthey killedQal impf 3ms · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָרַג (H2026) 'they killed'.
נָקִ֑יinnocentAdj · נָקִי (H5355)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָקִי (H5355) 'innocent'.
עֵ֝ינָ֗יוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
לְֽחֵלְכָ֥הtoprep + N com f sg abs · חֵלְכָא (H2489)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵלְכָא (H2489) 'to'.
יִצְפֹּֽנוּand she hid himQal impf 3mp · צָפַן (H6845)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָפַן (H6845) 'and she hid him'.
9
יֶאֱרֹ֬ב בַּמִּסְתָּ֨ר כְּאַרְיֵ֬ה בְסֻכֹּ֗ה יֶ֭אֱרֹב לַחֲט֣וֹף עָנִ֑י יַחְטֹ֥ף עָ֝נִ֗י בְּמָשְׁכ֥וֹ בְרִשְׁתּֽוֹ
He lieth in wait secretly as a lion in his den: he lieth in wait to catch the poor: he does catch the poor, when he draweth him into his net.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'lying in ambush'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יֶאֱרֹ֬בlying in ambushQal impf 3ms · אָרַב (H693)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָרַב (H693) 'lying in ambush'.
בַּמִּסְתָּ֨רsecret(-lyprep + art + N com m sg abs · מִסְתָּר (H4565)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְתָּר (H4565) 'secret(-ly'.
כְּאַרְיֵ֬הlike a lionprep + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'like a lion'.
בְסֻכֹּ֗הcovertprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · סֹךְ (H5520)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֹךְ (H5520) 'covert'.
יֶ֭אֱרֹבlying in ambushQal impf 3ms · אָרַב (H693)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָרַב (H693) 'lying in ambush'.
לַחֲט֣וֹףandprep + Qal inf constr · חָטַף (H2414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָטַף (H2414) 'and'.
עָנִ֑יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
יַחְטֹ֥ףandQal impf 3ms · חָטַף (H2414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָטַף (H2414) 'and'.
עָ֝נִ֗יpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
בְּמָשְׁכ֥וֹhas pulledprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · מָשַׁךְ (H4900)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָשַׁךְ (H4900) 'has pulled'.
בְרִשְׁתּֽוֹnetwork ofprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · רֶשֶׁת (H7568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶשֶׁת (H7568) 'network of'.
10
ודכה יִדְכֶּ֥ה יָשֹׁ֑חַ וְנָפַ֥ל בַּ֝עֲצוּמָ֗יו חלכאים חֵ֣יל כָּאִֽים
He croucheth, humbleth himself, that the poor may fall by his strong ones.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'break'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
ודכהandconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · דָּכָה (H1794)Particle or relational elementדָּכָה (H1794) 'and'.
יִדְכֶּ֥הbreakQal impf 3ms · דָּכָה (H1794)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּכָה (H1794) 'break'.
יָשֹׁ֑חַandQal impf 3ms · שָׁחַח (H7817)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁחַח (H7817) 'and'.
וְנָפַ֥לand ... perishconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Particle or relational elementנָפַל (H5307) 'and ... perish'.
בַּ֝עֲצוּמָ֗יוmightyprep + Adj + sfx 3ms · עָצוּם (H6099)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָצוּם (H6099) 'mighty'.
חלכאיםpoorN c · חֵלְכָא (H2489)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלְכָא (H2489) 'poor'.
חֵ֣ילarmyN c · חֵיל (H2426)Construct chain (genitival)חֵיל (H2426) 'army'.
כָּאִֽיםbrokenAdj · כָּאָה (H3512)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּאָה (H3512) 'broken'.
11
אָמַ֣ר בְּ֭לִבּוֹ שָׁ֣כַֽח אֵ֑ל הִסְתִּ֥יר פָּ֝נָ֗יו בַּל רָאָ֥ה לָנֶֽצַח
He has said in his heart, God has forgotten: he hideth his face; he will never see .
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
בְּ֭לִבּוֹin his heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in his heart'.
שָׁ֣כַֽחindeedQal perf 3ms · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁכַח (H7911) 'indeed'.
אֵ֑לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
הִסְתִּ֥ירI will hideHiphil perf 3ms · סָתַר (H5641)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָתַר (H5641) 'I will hide'.
פָּ֝נָ֗יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
רָאָ֥הseeQal perf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'see'.
לָנֶֽצַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
12
קוּמָ֤ה יְהוָ֗ה אֵ֭ל נְשָׂ֣א יָדֶ֑ךָ אַל תִּשְׁכַּ֥ח עניים עֲנָוִֽים
Arise, O YHWH; O God, lift up your hand: forget not the humble.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'Arise!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
קוּמָ֤הArise!Qal impv 2ms + Sh · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'Arise!'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵ֭לGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
נְשָׂ֣אlifts upQal impv 2ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
יָדֶ֑ךָyour handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hand'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּשְׁכַּ֥חyou forgetQal jussive 2ms · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשָׁכַח (H7911) 'you forget'.
ענייםpoorAdj · עָנִי (H6041)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנִי (H6041) 'poor'.
עֲנָוִֽיםhumble (ketiv)Adj · עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035) 'humble (ketiv)'.
13
עַל מֶ֤ה נִאֵ֖ץ רָשָׁ֥ע אֱלֹהִ֑ים אָמַ֥ר בְּ֝לִבּ֗וֹ לֹ֣א תִּדְרֹֽשׁ
Wherefore does the wicked contemn God? he has said in his heart, You will not require .
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'have despised'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מֶ֤הwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
נִאֵ֖ץhave despisedPiel perf 3ms · נָאַץ (H5006)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָאַץ (H5006) 'have despised'.
רָשָׁ֥עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
אֱלֹהִ֑יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
בְּ֝לִבּ֗וֹin his heartprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · לֵב (H3820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵב (H3820) 'in his heart'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִּדְרֹֽשׁyou inquireQal impf 2ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'you inquire'.
14
רָאִ֡תָה כִּֽי אַתָּ֤ה עָ֘מָ֤ל וָכַ֨עַס תַּבִּיט֮ לָתֵ֪ת בְּיָ֫דֶ֥ךָ עָ֭לֶיךָ יַעֲזֹ֣ב חֵלֶ֑כָה יָ֝ת֗וֹם אַתָּ֤ה הָיִ֬יתָ עוֹזֵֽר
You have seen ; for you beholdest mischief and spite, to requite with your hand: the poor committeth himself to you; you are the helper of the fatherless.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'she saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
רָאִ֡תָהshe sawQal perf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'she saw'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
עָ֘מָ֤לtroubleN c · עָמָל (H5999)Construct chain (genitival)עָמָל (H5999) 'trouble'.
וָכַ֨עַסthe provocation ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כַּעַס (H3708)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּעַס (H3708) 'the provocation of'.
תַּבִּיט֮look backHiphil impf 2ms · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַט (H5027) 'look back'.
לָתֵ֪תto giveprep + Qal inf constr · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'.
בְּיָ֫דֶ֥ךָinto your handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'into your hand'.
עָ֭לֶיךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
יַעֲזֹ֣בleavesQal impf 3ms · עָזַב (H5800)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָזַב (H5800) 'leaves'.
חֵלֶ֑כָהpoorN c · חֵלְכָא (H2489)Construct chain (genitival)חֵלְכָא (H2489) 'poor'.
יָ֝ת֗וֹםorphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'orphan'.
אַתָּ֤הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
הָיִ֬יתָyou wereQal perf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'you were'.
עוֹזֵֽרand help youQal ptc ms · עָזַר (H5826)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
15
שְׁ֭בֹר זְר֣וֹעַ רָשָׁ֑ע וָ֝רָ֗ע תִּֽדְרוֹשׁ רִשְׁע֥וֹ בַל תִּמְצָֽא
Break you the arm of the wicked and the evil : seek out his wickedness you find none.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'broke'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
שְׁ֭בֹרbrokeQal impv 2ms · שָׁבַר (H7665)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁבַר (H7665) 'broke'.
זְר֣וֹעַthe armN c · זְרוֹעַ (H2220)Construct chain (genitival)זְרוֹעַ (H2220) 'the arm'.
רָשָׁ֑עthe wickedAdj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
וָ֝רָ֗עand evilconj וְ + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'and evil'.
תִּֽדְרוֹשׁI will requireQal impf 2ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
רִשְׁע֥וֹtheir wickednessN c · רֶשַׁע (H7562)Construct chain (genitival)רֶשַׁע (H7562) 'their wickedness'.
בַלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
תִּמְצָֽאshe findsQal impf 2ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמָצָא (H4672) 'she finds'.
16
יְהוָ֣ה מֶ֭לֶךְ עוֹלָ֣ם וָעֶ֑ד אָבְד֥וּ ג֝וֹיִ֗ם מֵֽאַרְצֽוֹ
YHWH King for ever and ever: the heathen are perished out of his land.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'your perishing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מֶ֭לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
עוֹלָ֣םperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
וָעֶ֑דand ever.conj וְ + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'and ever.'.
אָבְד֥וּyour perishingQal perf 3cp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
ג֝וֹיִ֗םnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
מֵֽאַרְצֽוֹfrom his landprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'from his land'.
17
תַּאֲוַ֬ת עֲנָוִ֣ים שָׁמַ֣עְתָּ יְהוָ֑ה תָּכִ֥ין לִ֝בָּ֗ם תַּקְשִׁ֥יב אָזְנֶֽךָ
YHWH, you have heard the desire of the humble: you will prepare their heart, you will cause your ear to hear:
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you obeyed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
תַּאֲוַ֬תa delightN c · תַּאֲוָה (H8378)Construct chain (genitival)תַּאֲוָה (H8378) 'a delight'.
עֲנָוִ֣יםhumble (ketiv)Adj · עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָנָו/עָנִי (H6035) 'humble (ketiv)'.
שָׁמַ֣עְתָּyou obeyedQal perf 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'you obeyed'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תָּכִ֥יןyou shall prepareHiphil impf 2ms · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכּוּן (H3559) 'you shall prepare'.
לִ֝בָּ֗םtheir heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'their heart'.
תַּקְשִׁ֥יבtoHiphil impf 2ms · קָשַׁב (H7181)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָשַׁב (H7181) 'to'.
אָזְנֶֽךָin the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
18
לִשְׁפֹּ֥ט יָת֗וֹם וָ֫דָ֥ךְ בַּל יוֹסִ֥יף ע֑וֹד לַעֲרֹ֥ץ אֱ֝נ֗וֹשׁ מִן הָאָֽרֶץ
To judge the fatherless and the oppressed, that the man of the earth may no more oppress.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to judge'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
לִשְׁפֹּ֥טto judgeprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁפַט (H8199)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁפַט (H8199) 'to judge'.
יָת֗וֹםorphanN c · יָתוֹם (H3490)Construct chain (genitival)יָתוֹם (H3490) 'orphan'.
וָ֫דָ֥ךְandconj וְ + Adj · דַּךְ (H1790)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּךְ (H1790) 'and'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יוֹסִ֥יףhe will continueHiphil impf 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָסַף (H3254) 'he will continue'.
ע֑וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
לַעֲרֹ֥ץbe terrified/dreadprep + Qal inf constr · עָרַץ (H6206)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָרַץ (H6206) 'be terrified/dread'.
אֱ֝נ֗וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.