1
וַיְהִ֧י דְבַר יְהוָ֛ה אֶל יוֹנָ֖ה שֵׁנִ֥ית לֵאמֹֽר
And the word of YHWH came to Jonah the second time, saying,
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיְהִ֧יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
דְבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יוֹנָ֖הJonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
שֵׁנִ֥יתa second timeAdj · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁנִי (H8145) 'a second time'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
2
ק֛וּם לֵ֥ךְ אֶל נִֽינְוֵ֖ה הָעִ֣יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֑ה וִּקְרָ֤א אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ אֶת הַקְּרִיאָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אָנֹכִ֖י דֹּבֵ֥ר אֵלֶֽיךָ
Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and preach to it the preaching that I bid you.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'rise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
ק֛וּםriseQal impv 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.
לֵ֥ךְgoQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
נִֽינְוֵ֖הNinevehN · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
הָעִ֣ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
הַגְּדוֹלָ֑הgreatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וִּקְרָ֤אand he cries outconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'and he cries out'.
אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙to herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to her'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַקְּרִיאָ֔הpreachingart + N com f sg abs · קְרִיאָה (H7150)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קְרִיאָה (H7150) 'preaching'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אָנֹכִ֖יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
דֹּבֵ֥רspeakQal ptc ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
אֵלֶֽיךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
3
וַיָּ֣קָם יוֹנָ֗ה וַיֵּ֛לֶךְ אֶל נִֽינְוֶ֖ה כִּדְבַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה וְנִֽינְוֵ֗ה הָיְתָ֤ה עִיר גְּדוֹלָה֙ לֵֽאלֹהִ֔ים מַהֲלַ֖ךְ שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁת יָמִֽים
So Jonah arose, and went to Nineveh, according to the word of YHWH. Now Nineveh was an exceeding great city of three days' journey.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיָּ֣קָםand he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
יוֹנָ֗הJonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
וַיֵּ֛לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
נִֽינְוֶ֖הNinevehN · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
כִּדְבַ֣רaccording to the word ofprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְנִֽינְוֵ֗הNinevehconj וְ + N proper · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
הָיְתָ֤הwasQal perf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
עִירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
גְּדוֹלָה֙greatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
לֵֽאלֹהִ֔יםas Godprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'as God'.
מַהֲלַ֖ךְjourneyN c · מַהֲלָךְ (H4109)Construct chain (genitival)מַהֲלָךְ (H4109) 'journey'.
שְׁלֹ֥שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
יָמִֽיםdaysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
4
וַיָּ֤חֶל יוֹנָה֙ לָב֣וֹא בָעִ֔יר מַהֲלַ֖ךְ י֣וֹם אֶחָ֑ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ וַיֹּאמַ֔ר ע֚וֹד אַרְבָּעִ֣ים י֔וֹם וְנִֽינְוֵ֖ה נֶהְפָּֽכֶת
And Jonah began to enter into the city a day's journey, and he cried, and said, Yet forty days, and Nineveh shall be overthrown.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he began'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיָּ֤חֶלand he beganconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָלַל (H2490) 'and he began'.
יוֹנָה֙JonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
לָב֣וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
בָעִ֔ירin the cityprep + art + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'in the city'.
מַהֲלַ֖ךְjourneyN c · מַהֲלָךְ (H4109)Construct chain (genitival)מַהֲלָךְ (H4109) 'journey'.
י֣וֹםdayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
וַיִּקְרָא֙and he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
וַיֹּאמַ֔רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
ע֚וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אַרְבָּעִ֣יםfortyAdj · אַרְבָּעִים (H705)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבָּעִים (H705) 'forty'.
י֔וֹםdayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
וְנִֽינְוֵ֖הNinevehconj וְ + N proper · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
נֶהְפָּֽכֶתhas turnedN · הָפַךְ (H2015)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָפַךְ (H2015) 'has turned'.
5
וַֽיַּאֲמִ֛ינוּ אַנְשֵׁ֥י נִֽינְוֵ֖ה בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑ים וַיִּקְרְאוּ צוֹם֙ וַיִּלְבְּשׁ֣וּ שַׂקִּ֔ים מִגְּדוֹלָ֖ם וְעַד קְטַנָּֽם
So the people of Nineveh believed God, and proclaimed a fast, and put on sackcloth, from the greatest of them even to the least of them.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they believed'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַֽיַּאֲמִ֛ינוּand they believedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַן (H539)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַן (H539) 'and they believed'.
אַנְשֵׁ֥יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
נִֽינְוֵ֖הNinevehN · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
בֵּֽאלֹהִ֑יםby Godprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'by God'.
וַיִּקְרְאוּand they calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and they called'.
צוֹם֙fastN c · צוֹם (H6685)Construct chain (genitival)צוֹם (H6685) 'fast'.
וַיִּלְבְּשׁ֣וּand you shall clotheconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
שַׂקִּ֔יםsacksN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sacks'.
מִגְּדוֹלָ֖םgreatprep + Adj + sfx 3mp · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וְעַדand toprep + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
קְטַנָּֽםthe youngestAdj · קָטֹן (H6996)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָטֹן (H6996) 'the youngest'.
6
וַיִּגַּ֤ע הַדָּבָר֙ אֶל מֶ֣לֶך נִֽינְוֵ֔ה וַיָּ֨קָם֙ מִכִּסְא֔וֹ וַיַּעֲבֵ֥ר אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹ מֵֽעָלָ֑יו וַיְכַ֣ס שַׂ֔ק וַיֵּ֖שֶׁב עַל הָאֵֽפֶר
For word came to the king of Nineveh, and he arose from his throne, and he laid his robe from him, and covered with sackcloth, and sat in ashes.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and touched'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּגַּ֤עand touchedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַע (H5060) 'and touched'.
הַדָּבָר֙the wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מֶ֣לֶךking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
נִֽינְוֵ֔הNinevehN · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
וַיָּ֨קָם֙and he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
מִכִּסְא֔וֹthe throne ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · כִּסֵּא (H3678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּסֵּא (H3678) 'the throne of'.
וַיַּעֲבֵ֥רand he passed onconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
אַדַּרְתּ֖וֹlike a mantle ofN c · אַדֶּרֶת (H155)Construct chain (genitival)אַדֶּרֶת (H155) 'like a mantle of'.
מֵֽעָלָ֑יוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
וַיְכַ֣סand it coveredconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּסָה (H3680) 'and it covered'.
שַׂ֔קsackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
וַיֵּ֖שֶׁבand he dweltconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and he dwelt'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הָאֵֽפֶרthe ashes ofart + N com m sg abs · אֵפֶר (H665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵפֶר (H665) 'the ashes of'.
7
וַיַּזְעֵ֗ק וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ בְּנִֽינְוֵ֔ה מִטַּ֧עַם הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וּגְדֹלָ֖יו לֵאמֹ֑ר הָאָדָ֨ם וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜ה הַבָּקָ֣ר וְהַצֹּ֗אן אַֽל יִטְעֲמוּ֙ מְא֔וּמָה אַ֨ל יִרְע֔וּ וּמַ֖יִם אַל יִשְׁתּֽוּ
And he caused to be proclaimed and published through Nineveh by the decree of the king and his nobles, saying, Let neither man nor beast, herd nor flock, taste any thing: let them not feed, nor drink water:
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'summoned'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיַּזְעֵ֗קsummonedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָעַק (H2199) 'summoned'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
בְּנִֽינְוֵ֔הNinevehprep + N proper · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
מִטַּ֧עַםits tasteprep + N com m sg constr · טַעַם (H2940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טַעַם (H2940) 'its taste'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וּגְדֹלָ֖יוgreatconj וְ + Adj + sfx 3ms · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
הָאָדָ֨םthe humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'the human'.
וְהַבְּהֵמָ֜הand the livestockconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'and the livestock'.
הַבָּקָ֣רthe herdart + N com c sg abs · בָּקָר (H1241)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּקָר (H1241) 'the herd'.
וְהַצֹּ֗אןand the flockconj וְ + art + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'and the flock'.
אַֽלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יִטְעֲמוּ֙perceiveQal jussive 3mp · טָעַם (H2938)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalטָעַם (H2938) 'perceive'.
מְא֔וּמָהanythingN c · מְאוּמָה (H3972)Construct chain (genitival)מְאוּמָה (H3972) 'anything'.
אַ֨לdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יִרְע֔וּgrazeQal jussive 3mp · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרָעָה (H7462) 'graze'.
וּמַ֖יִםand waterconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מַיִם (H4325)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַיִם (H4325) 'and water'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יִשְׁתּֽוּthey drankQal jussive 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'they drank'.
8
וְיִתְכַּסּ֣וּ שַׂקִּ֗ים הָֽאָדָם֙ וְהַבְּהֵמָ֔ה וְיִקְרְא֥וּ אֶל אֱלֹהִ֖ים בְּחָזְקָ֑ה וְיָשֻׁ֗בוּ אִ֚ישׁ מִדַּרְכּ֣וֹ הָֽרָעָ֔ה וּמִן הֶחָמָ֖ס אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּכַפֵּיהֶֽם
But let man and beast be covered with sackcloth, and cry mightily to God: yea, let them turn every one from his evil way, and from the violence that in their hands.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'that covers'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְיִתְכַּסּ֣וּthat coversconj וְ + Hithpael impf 3mp · כָּסָה (H3680)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּסָה (H3680) 'that covers'.
שַׂקִּ֗יםsacksN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sacks'.
הָֽאָדָם֙the humanart + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'the human'.
וְהַבְּהֵמָ֔הand the livestockconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'and the livestock'.
וְיִקְרְא֥וּand they calledconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָרָא (H7121) 'and they called'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
בְּחָזְקָ֑הwith harsh forceprep + N com f sg abs · חָזְקָה (H2394)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָזְקָה (H2394) 'with harsh force'.
וְיָשֻׁ֗בוּand they returnedconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
אִ֚ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִדַּרְכּ֣וֹon the wayprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
הָֽרָעָ֔הthe evilart + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
וּמִןand fromconj וְ + prep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'and from'.
הֶחָמָ֖סviolenceart + N com m sg abs · חָמָס (H2555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָמָס (H2555) 'violence'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּכַפֵּיהֶֽםa pan ofprep + N com f du constr + sfx 3mp · כַּף (H3709)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּף (H3709) 'a pan of'.
9
מִֽי יוֹדֵ֣עַ יָשׁ֔וּב וְנִחַ֖ם הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וְשָׁ֛ב מֵחֲר֥וֹן אַפּ֖וֹ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד
Who can tell God will turn and repent, and turn away from his fierce anger, that we perish not?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'shall it be known'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יוֹדֵ֣עַshall it be knownQal ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
יָשׁ֔וּבhe shall returnQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'he shall return'.
וְנִחַ֖םand was comfortedconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · נָחַם (H5162)Particle or relational elementנָחַם (H5162) 'and was comforted'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֑יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וְשָׁ֛בand it turnedconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Particle or relational elementשׁוּב (H7725) 'and it turned'.
מֵחֲר֥וֹןfrom the burning ofprep + N com m sg constr · חָרוֹן (H2740)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרוֹן (H2740) 'from the burning of'.
אַפּ֖וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נֹאבֵֽדyour perishingQal impf 1cp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
10
וַיַּ֤רְא הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶֽת מַ֣עֲשֵׂיהֶ֔ם כִּי שָׁ֖בוּ מִדַּרְכָּ֣ם הָרָעָ֑ה וַיִּנָּ֣חֶם הָאֱלֹהִ֗ים עַל הָרָעָ֛ה אֲשֶׁר דִּבֶּ֥ר לַעֲשׂוֹת לָהֶ֖ם וְלֹ֥א עָשָֽׂה
And God saw their works, that they turned from their evil way; and God repented of the evil, that he had said that he would do to them; and he did not.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיַּ֤רְאand he sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
הָֽאֱלֹהִים֙Godart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַ֣עֲשֵׂיהֶ֔םthe work ofN c · מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשֶׂה (H4639) 'the work of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שָׁ֖בוּreturn!Qal perf 3cp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשׁוּב (H7725) 'return!'.
מִדַּרְכָּ֣םon the wayprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3mp · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
הָרָעָ֑הthe evilart + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
וַיִּנָּ֣חֶםand was comfortedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָחַם (H5162)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָחַם (H5162) 'and was comforted'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֗יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הָרָעָ֛הthe evilart + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דִּבֶּ֥רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
לַעֲשׂוֹתto doprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָשָֽׂהhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.