Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 8ישעיהו 8

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Written sign, prophetic children, Shiloah and Euphrates, conspiracy-fear, sanctuary and stumbling, sealed testimony, rejected necromancy, and darkness turning toward future honor carry the Immanuel crisis beyond a royal encounter into a wider theology of judgment, discipleship, and waiting. Another sign-child stands at the opening, but now the sign is first written publicly, then confirmed by witnesses, then embodied in Isaiah's own son Maher-shalal-hash-baz. Before that boy can form the simplest family words, Damascus and Samaria will be stripped before the king of Assyria. Yet the point quickly widens beyond the fall of Judah's immediate enemies. This people has rejected the softly flowing waters of Shiloah, preferring a politics of panic shaped by Rezin and the son of Remaliah, and therefore the Lord brings upon them the great river itself: Assyria in imperial flood. What they refused as too quiet in God's rule returns as what they cannot master in imperial violence. Judah is not annihilated, but the inundation reaches to the neck and fills Immanuel's land with suffocating breadth. From there the oracle turns to the community that must survive inside such a time. The nations may rage and counsel, but their word fails because God is with us. Isaiah is warned not to share the public language of conspiracy or the public habit of fear. Instead, YHWH of hosts alone is to be sanctified as dread and holy center. That same Lord becomes sanctuary for some and a stone of striking and stumbling for many in Israel and Jerusalem. The testimony is therefore bound up and the instruction sealed among disciples, while Isaiah and his children stand as signs and wonders before a people tempted to seek mediums, mutterers, and the dead. The argument insists that when revelation is contested, the answer is not esoteric supplement but return to the instruction and testimony, because speech not measured by this word has no dawn. The closing movement is bleak: hunger, rage, cursing, distress, darkness, and driven gloom. Yet the final verse turns like a hinge. The northern territories first brought low will not remain under contempt forever. Immediate historical sign, Assyrian judgment, prophetic discipleship, anti-occult fidelity, and the first glimmer of northern restoration are thus bound together in a vision of faith defined as waiting under the hidden face of God while holding fast to the word he has sealed.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Eight linked movements shape the chapter: the public writing and birth-sign of Maher-shalal-hash-baz (vv. 1-4), the rejected waters of Shiloah and the Assyrian river-flood (vv. 5-8), the frustrated counsel of the nations under the Immanuel word (vv. 9-10), the command not to fear conspiracy but to sanctify YHWH (vv. 11-15), the sealing of testimony among disciples together with Isaiah's waiting witness (vv. 16-18), the rejection of mediums in favor of instruction and testimony (vv. 19-20), the hunger-and-darkness distress scene (vv. 21-22), and the closing reversal note over Zebulun and Naphtali (v. 23). Verse 1's 'large tablet' and 'stylus of a man' should remain concrete and ordinary, because the sign begins in public legibility rather than esoteric mystery. The compound name מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז should be preserved in transliteration in the running text or very close rendering in note, since its abrupt cadence carries the message of haste, spoil, and plunder. Verse 2's faithful witnesses matter because the prophetic sign is juridically anchored. Verses 3-8 require close handling of the sign-child and the water imagery. Verse 3's 'prophetess' should remain as the text gives it, without over-specifying her role beyond the chapter's wording. Verse 4 links the boy's earliest speech to the Assyrian carrying off of Damascus and Samaria, continuing the near-horizon sign logic of Isaiah 7. Verse 6's waters of Shiloah 'going gently' are especially important and should remain gentle or slow; the contrast with the River in verse 7 is theological as much as geographical. The River is the Euphrates in imperial-symbolic force, and the king of Assyria with all his glory should be named openly as those overwhelming waters. Verse 8's 'up to the neck' must remain visible, since Judah is portrayed as nearly drowned but not yet fully submerged. The final address to Immanuel at the end of verse 8 should likewise remain explicit, because it binds flood judgment to the land still named by divine presence. Verses 9-18 move from political upheaval to the faithful community's posture within it. Verses 9-10 are filled with imperative challenge and collapse formulas; their repeated 'be broken' should stay forceful. The reason clause 'for God is with us' must remain transparent as the compressed Immanuel confession. In verses 11-13, the language of conspiracy and fear should not be flattened into generalized anxiety. The oracle distinguishes public panic from holy fear, and verse 13's sanctifying of YHWH of hosts should keep that cultic-holiness register intact. Verse 14 is one of the chapter's most influential lines. The same Lord becomes both sanctuary and stumbling stone, a dual function that should remain unsmoothed. Verse 16's binding of testimony and sealing of Torah among disciples is also crucial; תורה here again carries the sense of authoritative instruction rather than merely abstract law. In verse 17 Isaiah's waiting and hoping are important because they define prophetic faith under a hidden divine face, not under immediate visible vindication. Verse 18's declaration that the prophet and the children given him are for signs and wonders should retain both the representative household dimension and the Zion-centered source of those signs. Verses 19-23 turn from false guidance to darkness and then to the first hint of reversal. Verse 19's mediums and spiritists are described with chirping and muttering verbs that should remain strange and audible, because the text deliberately contrasts them with the solid word of God. The rhetorical question about seeking the dead on behalf of the living should also stay sharp. Verse 20's 'to the instruction and to the testimony' functions almost as a rallying standard and should retain that clipped authority; the closing phrase indicates that those who refuse this word have no dawn or morning light. Verses 21-22 are deliberately oppressive in sound and movement, tracing hunger, rage, cursing, upward glance, and earthward sight into concentrated darkness. Finally, verse 23 in the MT is the verse commonly numbered as Isaiah 9:1 in many English traditions, and that versification fact should be remembered in cross-reference work. Its claim is that the region first humbled - Zebulun, Naphtali, the way of the sea, beyond the Jordan, Galilee of the nations - will not remain under that gloom. Translation should preserve both the former contempt and the latter honoring. Taken together, the passage should therefore be translated as the chapter where prophetic signs multiply, imperial judgment floods the land, the faithful are taught how to fear and wait, occult alternatives are rejected, and darkness itself is made to bend toward a coming northern light. Versification follows the MT. **Cruxes.** | Verse | Issue | | --- | --- | | none | none of note |

1

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י קַח לְךָ֖ גִּלָּי֣וֹן גָּד֑וֹל וּכְתֹ֤ב עָלָיו֙ בְּחֶ֣רֶט אֱנ֔וֹשׁ לְמַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז

And he said YHWH to me take to you glass great and he shall write on it in from mankind to Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵלַ֔יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
קַחtakeQal impv 2ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeלָקַח (H3947) 'take'.
לְךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
גִּלָּי֣וֹןglassN c · גִּלָּיוֹן (H1549)Construct chain (genitival)גִּלָּיוֹן (H1549) 'glass'.
גָּד֑וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וּכְתֹ֤בand he shall writeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · כָּתַב (H3789)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּתַב (H3789) 'and he shall write'.
עָלָיו֙on itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
בְּחֶ֣רֶטinprep + N com m sg constr · חֶרֶט (H2747)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶט (H2747) 'in'.
אֱנ֔וֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
לְמַהֵ֥רtoprep + N proper · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'to'.
שָׁלָ֖לMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
חָ֥שׁMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
בַּֽזMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
2

וְאָעִ֣ידָה לִּ֔י עֵדִ֖ים נֶאֱמָנִ֑ים אֵ֚ת אוּרִיָּ֣ה הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְאֶת זְכַרְיָ֖הוּ בֶּ֥ן יְבֶרֶכְיָֽהוּ

And I may call to witness to me witnesses faithful Uriah the priest and Zachariah son of Jeberechiah.

Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitionalwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Weqatal / cohortative — sequential or volitional. Lead predicate is 'and I may call to witness'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְאָעִ֣ידָהand I may call to witnessconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cs · עוּד (H5749)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalעוּד (H5749) 'and I may call to witness'.
לִּ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עֵדִ֖יםwitnessesN c · עֵד (H5707)Construct chain (genitival)עֵד (H5707) 'witnesses'.
נֶאֱמָנִ֑יםfaithfulN · אָמַן (H539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
אֵ֚ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אוּרִיָּ֣הUriahN · אוּרִיָּה (H223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּרִיָּה (H223) 'Uriah'.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestart + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
זְכַרְיָ֖הוּZachariahN · זְכַרְיָה (H2148)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זְכַרְיָה (H2148) 'Zachariah'.
בֶּ֥ןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְבֶרֶכְיָֽהוּJeberechiahN · יְבֶרֶכְיָהוּ (H3000)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְבֶרֶכְיָהוּ (H3000) 'Jeberechiah'.
3

וָאֶקְרַב֙ אֶל הַנְּבִיאָ֔ה וַתַּ֖הַר וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַיֹּ֤אמֶר יְהוָה֙ אֵלַ֔י קְרָ֣א שְׁמ֔וֹ מַהֵ֥ר שָׁלָ֖ל חָ֥שׁ בַּֽז

And I approached to the prophetess, and she conceived and she bore son of and he said YHWH to me he called his name Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and I approached'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וָאֶקְרַב֙and I approachedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרַב (H7126) 'and I approached'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַנְּבִיאָ֔הthe prophetess,art + N com f sg abs · נְבִיאָה (H5031)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְבִיאָה (H5031) 'the prophetess,'.
וַתַּ֖הַרand she conceivedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָרָה (H2029)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָרָה (H2029) 'and she conceived'.
וַתֵּ֣לֶדand she boreconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָלַד (H3205) 'and she bore'.
בֵּ֑ןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵלַ֔יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
קְרָ֣אhe calledQal impv 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
שְׁמ֔וֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
מַהֵ֥רMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
שָׁלָ֖לMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
חָ֥שׁMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
בַּֽזMaher-sha-lal-bash-bazN · מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֵר שָׁלָל חָשׁ בַּז (H4122) 'Maher-sha-lal-bash-baz'.
4

כִּ֗י בְּטֶ֨רֶם֙ יֵדַ֣ע הַנַּ֔עַר קְרֹ֖א אָבִ֣י וְאִמִּ֑י יִשָּׂ֣א אֶת חֵ֣יל דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂק וְאֵת֙ שְׁלַ֣ל שֹׁמְר֔וֹן לִפְנֵ֖י מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּֽׁוּר

For before he knew the boy he called my father his mother carries ability Damascus and the spoil of Samaria before king of Asshur.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he knew'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֗יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְּטֶ֨רֶם֙beforeprep + art · טֶרֶם (H2962)Particle or relational elementטֶרֶם (H2962) 'before'.
יֵדַ֣עhe knewQal impf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
הַנַּ֔עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
קְרֹ֖אhe calledQal inf constr · קָרָא (H7121)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
אָבִ֣יmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
וְאִמִּ֑יhis motherconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֵם (H517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵם (H517) 'his mother'.
יִשָּׂ֣אcarriesQal impf 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'carries'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֵ֣ילabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
דַּמֶּ֗שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
וְאֵת֙and [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
שְׁלַ֣לthe spoil ofN c · שָׁלָל (H7998)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'the spoil of'.
שֹׁמְר֔וֹןSamariaN · שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁמְרוֹן (H8111) 'Samaria'.
לִפְנֵ֖יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
אַשּֽׁוּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
5

וַיֹּ֣סֶף יְהוָ֔ה דַּבֵּ֥ר אֵלַ֛י ע֖וֹד לֵאמֹֽר

Then he shall add YHWH speak to me again saying.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'then he shall add'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַיֹּ֣סֶףthen he shall addconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָסַף (H3254) 'then he shall add'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
דַּבֵּ֥רspeakPiel inf constr · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
אֵלַ֛יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
6

יַ֗עַן כִּ֤י מָאַס֙ הָעָ֣ם הַזֶּ֔ה אֵ֚ת מֵ֣י הַשִּׁלֹ֔חַ הַהֹלְכִ֖ים לְאַ֑ט וּמְשׂ֥וֹשׂ אֶת רְצִ֖ין וּבֶן רְמַלְיָֽהוּ

Because for despise the people this the waters of Shiloah the ones going at my own pace and with Rezin and the son of Remaliah.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'despise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
יַ֗עַןbecauseconj וְ · יַעַן (H3282)Particle or relational elementיַעַן (H3282) 'because'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מָאַס֙despiseQal perf 3ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
הָעָ֣םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
אֵ֚ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מֵ֣יthe waters ofN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'the waters of'.
הַשִּׁלֹ֔חַShiloahart + N proper · שִׁלֹחַ (H7975)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁלֹחַ (H7975) 'Shiloah'.
הַהֹלְכִ֖יםthe ones goingart + Qal ptc mp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'the ones going'.
לְאַ֑טat my own paceprep + art · אֵט (H328)Particle or relational elementאֵט (H328) 'at my own pace'.
וּמְשׂ֥וֹשׂandconj וְ + Qal inf constr · מָשׂוֹשׂ (H4885)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָשׂוֹשׂ (H4885) 'and'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
רְצִ֖יןRezinN · רְצִין (H7526)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְצִין (H7526) 'Rezin'.
וּבֶןand the son ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the son of'.
רְמַלְיָֽהוּRemaliahN · רְמַלְיָהוּ (H7425)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְמַלְיָהוּ (H7425) 'Remaliah'.
7

וְלָכֵ֡ן הִנֵּ֣ה אֲדֹנָי֩ מַעֲלֶ֨ה עֲלֵיהֶ֜ם אֶת מֵ֣י הַנָּהָ֗ר הָעֲצוּמִים֙ וְהָ֣רַבִּ֔ים אֶת מֶ֥לֶךְ אַשּׁ֖וּר וְאֶת כָּל כְּבוֹד֑וֹ וְעָלָה֙ עַל כָּל אֲפִיקָ֔יו וְהָלַ֖ךְ עַל כָּל גְּדוֹתָֽיו

So behold my Lord bringing up upon them the waters of the river and mighty many king of Asshur and all the glory of and it goes up on all brook and it went on all its banks.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'bringing up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְלָכֵ֡ןsoconj וְ + prep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אֲדֹנָי֩my LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
מַעֲלֶ֨הbringing upHiphil ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'bringing up'.
עֲלֵיהֶ֜םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מֵ֣יthe waters ofN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'the waters of'.
הַנָּהָ֗רthe riverart + N com m sg abs · נָהָר (H5104)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָהָר (H5104) 'the river'.
הָעֲצוּמִים֙and mightyart + Adj · עָצוּם (H6099)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָצוּם (H6099) 'and mighty'.
וְהָ֣רַבִּ֔יםmanyconj וְ + art + Adj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
אַשּׁ֖וּרAsshurN · אַשּׁוּר (H804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּר (H804) 'Asshur'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
כְּבוֹד֑וֹthe glory ofN c · כָּבוֹד (H3519)Construct chain (genitival)כָּבוֹד (H3519) 'the glory of'.
וְעָלָה֙and it goes upconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Particle or relational elementעָלָה (H5927) 'and it goes up'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲפִיקָ֔יוbrookN c · אָפִיק (H650)Construct chain (genitival)אָפִיק (H650) 'brook'.
וְהָלַ֖ךְand it wentconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Particle or relational elementהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and it went'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
גְּדוֹתָֽיוits banksN c · גָּדָה (H1415)Construct chain (genitival)גָּדָה (H1415) 'its banks'.
8

וְחָלַ֤ף בִּֽיהוּדָה֙ שָׁטַ֣ף וְעָבַ֔ר עַד צַוָּ֖אר יַגִּ֑יעַ וְהָיָה֙ מֻטּ֣וֹת כְּנָפָ֔יו מְלֹ֥א רֹֽחַב אַרְצְךָ֖ עִמָּ֥נוּ אֵֽל

And changed Judah he had rinsed and it crosses until his neck touches and it shall be stretching out its wings the fullness of the width of your land Immanuel Immanuel.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he had rinsed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְחָלַ֤ףand changedconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · חָלַף (H2498)Particle or relational elementחָלַף (H2498) 'and changed'.
בִּֽיהוּדָה֙Judahprep + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
שָׁטַ֣ףhe had rinsedQal perf 3ms · שָׁטַף (H7857)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁטַף (H7857) 'he had rinsed'.
וְעָבַ֔רand it crossesconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Particle or relational elementעָבַר (H5674) 'and it crosses'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
צַוָּ֖ארhis neckN c · צַוָּאר (H6677)Construct chain (genitival)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'his neck'.
יַגִּ֑יעַtouchesHiphil impf 3ms · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
מֻטּ֣וֹתstretching outN c · מֻטָּה (H4298)Construct chain (genitival)מֻטָּה (H4298) 'stretching out'.
כְּנָפָ֔יוits wingsN c · כָּנָף (H3671)Construct chain (genitival)כָּנָף (H3671) 'its wings'.
מְלֹ֥אthe fullness ofN c · מְלֹא (H4393)Construct chain (genitival)מְלֹא (H4393) 'the fullness of'.
רֹֽחַבthe width ofN c · רֹחַב (H7341)Construct chain (genitival)רֹחַב (H7341) 'the width of'.
אַרְצְךָ֖your landN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'your land'.
עִמָּ֥נוּImmanuelN · עִמָּנוּאֵל (H6005)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִמָּנוּאֵל (H6005) 'Immanuel'.
אֵֽלImmanuelN · עִמָּנוּאֵל (H6005)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִמָּנוּאֵל (H6005) 'Immanuel'.
9

רֹ֤עוּ עַמִּים֙ וָחֹ֔תּוּ וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּ כֹּ֖ל מֶרְחַקֵּי אָ֑רֶץ הִתְאַזְּר֣וּ וָחֹ֔תּוּ הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּ וָחֹֽתּוּ

And it was displeasing peoples be dismayed give ear all (a- the land of bind (compass) about be dismayed bind (compass) about be dismayed.

Imperative — volitional addresswə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and it was displeasing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
רֹ֤עוּand it was displeasingQal impv 2mp · רָעַע (H7489)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָעַע (H7489) 'and it was displeasing'.
עַמִּים֙peoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
וָחֹ֔תּוּbe dismayedconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
וְהַֽאֲזִ֔ינוּgive earconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp · אָזַן (H238)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַן (H238) 'give ear'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מֶרְחַקֵּי(a-N c · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Construct chain (genitival)מֶרְחָק (H4801) '(a-'.
אָ֑רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
הִתְאַזְּר֣וּbind (compass) aboutHithpael impv 2mp · אָזַר (H247)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַר (H247) 'bind (compass) about'.
וָחֹ֔תּוּbe dismayedconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
הִֽתְאַזְּר֖וּbind (compass) aboutHithpael impv 2mp · אָזַר (H247)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָזַר (H247) 'bind (compass) about'.
וָחֹֽתּוּbe dismayedconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
10

עֻ֥צוּ עֵצָ֖ה וְתֻפָ֑ר דַּבְּר֤וּ דָבָר֙ וְלֹ֣א יָק֔וּם כִּ֥י עִמָּ֖נוּ אֵֽל

Take counsel counsel he has broken he spoke it the matter of and not shall stand for with us God.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'take counsel'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עֻ֥צוּtake counselQal impv 2mp · עוּץ (H5779)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעוּץ (H5779) 'take counsel'.
עֵצָ֖הcounselN c · עֵצָה (H6098)Construct chain (genitival)עֵצָה (H6098) 'counsel'.
וְתֻפָ֑רhe has brokenconj וְ + Hophal impf 3fs · פָּרַר (H6565)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּרַר (H6565) 'he has broken'.
דַּבְּר֤וּhe spoke itPiel impv 2mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'he spoke it'.
דָבָר֙the matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָק֔וּםshall standQal impf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'shall stand'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עִמָּ֖נוּwith usprep + sfx 1cp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with us'.
אֵֽלGodN c · אֵל (H410)Construct chain (genitival)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
11

כִּי֩ כֹ֨ה אָמַ֧ר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלַ֖י כְּחֶזְקַ֣ת הַיָּ֑ד וְיִסְּרֵ֕נִי מִלֶּ֛כֶת בְּדֶ֥רֶךְ הָֽעָם הַזֶּ֖ה לֵאמֹֽר

For thus he said YHWH to me as / like the hand and they discipline and he went on the way the people this saying.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
כֹ֨הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֧רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵלַ֖יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
כְּחֶזְקַ֣תas / likeprep + N com f sg constr · חֶזְקָה (H2393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶזְקָה (H2393) 'as / like'.
הַיָּ֑דthe handart + N com c sg abs · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'the hand'.
וְיִסְּרֵ֕נִיand they disciplineconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · יָסַר (H3256)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָסַר (H3256) 'and they discipline'.
מִלֶּ֛כֶתand he wentprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
בְּדֶ֥רֶךְon the wayprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
הָֽעָםthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
12

לֹא תֹאמְר֣וּן קֶ֔שֶׁר לְכֹ֧ל אֲשֶׁר יֹאמַ֛ר הָעָ֥ם הַזֶּ֖ה קָ֑שֶׁר וְאֶת מוֹרָא֥וֹ לֹֽא תִֽירְא֖וּ וְלֹ֥א תַעֲרִֽיצוּ

Not you shall say confederacy to all that he says the people this confederacy and and the fear of you not fear and not be terrified/dread.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall say'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֹאמְר֣וּןyou shall sayQal impf 2mp + Sn · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you shall say'.
קֶ֔שֶׁרconfederacyN c · קֶשֶׁר (H7195)Construct chain (genitival)קֶשֶׁר (H7195) 'confederacy'.
לְכֹ֧לto allprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יֹאמַ֛רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
הָעָ֥םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
קָ֑שֶׁרconfederacyN c · קֶשֶׁר (H7195)Construct chain (genitival)קֶשֶׁר (H7195) 'confederacy'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
מוֹרָא֥וֹand the fear of youN c · מוֹרָא (H4172)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹרָא (H4172) 'and the fear of you'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִֽירְא֖וּfearQal impf 2mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תַעֲרִֽיצוּbe terrified/dreadHiphil impf 2mp · עָרַץ (H6206)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָרַץ (H6206) 'be terrified/dread'.
13

אֶת יְהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת אֹת֣וֹ תַקְדִּ֑ישׁוּ וְה֥וּא מוֹרַאֲכֶ֖ם וְה֥וּא מַֽעֲרִֽצְכֶֽם

YHWH of troops him and you shall consecrate and he and the fear of you and he be terrified/dread.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and you shall consecrate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֖וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אֹת֣וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
תַקְדִּ֑ישׁוּand you shall consecrateHiphil impf 2mp · קָדַשׁ (H6942)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקָדַשׁ (H6942) 'and you shall consecrate'.
וְה֥וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
מוֹרַאֲכֶ֖םand the fear of youN c · מוֹרָא (H4172)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹרָא (H4172) 'and the fear of you'.
וְה֥וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
מַֽעֲרִֽצְכֶֽםbe terrified/dreadHiphil ptc ms + sfx 2mp · עָרַץ (H6206)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָרַץ (H6206) 'be terrified/dread'.
14

וְהָיָ֖ה לְמִקְדָּ֑שׁ וּלְאֶ֣בֶן נֶ֠גֶף וּלְצ֨וּר מִכְשׁ֜וֹל לִשְׁנֵ֨י בָתֵּ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ לְפַ֣ח וּלְמוֹקֵ֔שׁ לְיוֹשֵׁ֖ב יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם

And it shall be the sanctuary stones a plague the rock a stumbling block to the two of the houses of Israel for a snare and a trap with the inhabitant of Jerusalem.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'with the inhabitant of'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְהָיָ֖הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
לְמִקְדָּ֑שׁthe sanctuaryprep + N com m sg abs · מִקְדָּשׁ (H4720)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִקְדָּשׁ (H4720) 'the sanctuary'.
וּלְאֶ֣בֶןstonesconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones'.
נֶ֠גֶףa plagueN c · נֶגֶף (H5063)Construct chain (genitival)נֶגֶף (H5063) 'a plague'.
וּלְצ֨וּרthe rockconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
מִכְשׁ֜וֹלa stumbling blockN c · מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383)Construct chain (genitival)מִכְשׁוֹל (H4383) 'a stumbling block'.
לִשְׁנֵ֨יto the two ofprep + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'to the two of'.
בָתֵּ֤יthe houses ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the houses of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לְפַ֣חfor a snareprep + N com m sg abs · פַּח (H6341)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּח (H6341) 'for a snare'.
וּלְמוֹקֵ֔שׁand a trapconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹקֵשׁ (H4170) 'and a trap'.
לְיוֹשֵׁ֖בwith the inhabitant ofprep + Qal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'with the inhabitant of'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
15

וְכָ֥שְׁלוּ בָ֖ם רַבִּ֑ים וְנָפְל֣וּ וְנִשְׁבָּ֔רוּ וְנוֹקְשׁ֖וּ וְנִלְכָּֽדוּ

And they shall stumble against them many and they shall fall you shall break you be ensnared and was taken.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְכָ֥שְׁלוּand they shall stumbleconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · כָּשַׁל (H3782)Particle or relational elementכָּשַׁל (H3782) 'and they shall stumble'.
בָ֖םagainst themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against them'.
רַבִּ֑יםmanyAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
וְנָפְל֣וּand they shall fallconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · נָפַל (H5307)Particle or relational elementנָפַל (H5307) 'and they shall fall'.
וְנִשְׁבָּ֔רוּyou shall breakconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · שָׁבַר (H7665)Particle or relational elementשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
וְנוֹקְשׁ֖וּyou be ensnaredconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · יָקֹשׁ (H3369)Particle or relational elementיָקֹשׁ (H3369) 'you be ensnared'.
וְנִלְכָּֽדוּand was takenconj וְ + Niphal q 3cp · לָכַד (H3920)Particle or relational elementלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
16

צ֖וֹר תְּעוּדָ֑ה חֲת֥וֹם תּוֹרָ֖ה בְּלִמֻּדָֽי

And it will besiege testimony sealed a torah in.

Imperative — volitional addresswə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and it will besiege'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
צ֖וֹרand it will besiegeQal impv 2ms · צָרַר (H6887)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצָרַר (H6887) 'and it will besiege'.
תְּעוּדָ֑הtestimonyN c · תְּעוּדָה (H8584)Construct chain (genitival)תְּעוּדָה (H8584) 'testimony'.
חֲת֥וֹםsealedQal impv 2ms · חָתַם (H2856)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָתַם (H2856) 'sealed'.
תּוֹרָ֖הa torahN c · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'a torah'.
בְּלִמֻּדָֽיinprep + Adj + sfx 1cs · לִמּוּד (H3928)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לִמּוּד (H3928) 'in'.
17

וְחִכִּ֨יתִי֙ לַיהוָ֔ה הַמַּסְתִּ֥יר פָּנָ֖יו מִבֵּ֣ית יַעֲקֹ֑ב וְקִוֵּ֖יתִֽי לֽוֹ

And to YHWH I will hide his face from the house of Jacob let be gathered to him.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'I will hide'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְחִכִּ֨יתִי֙andconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · חָכָה (H2442)Particle or relational elementחָכָה (H2442) 'and'.
לַיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
הַמַּסְתִּ֥ירI will hideart + Hiphil ptc ms · סָתַר (H5641)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָתַר (H5641) 'I will hide'.
פָּנָ֖יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
מִבֵּ֣יתfrom the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'from the house of'.
יַעֲקֹ֑בJacobN · יַעֲקֹב (H3290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲקֹב (H3290) 'Jacob'.
וְקִוֵּ֖יתִֽיlet be gatheredconj וְ + Piel q 1cp · קָוָה (H6960)Particle or relational elementקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
18

הִנֵּ֣ה אָנֹכִ֗י וְהַיְלָדִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר נָֽתַן לִ֣י יְהוָ֔ה לְאֹת֥וֹת וּלְמוֹפְתִ֖ים בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל מֵעִם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת הַשֹּׁכֵ֖ן בְּהַ֥ר צִיּֽוֹן

Behold I the child that is giving to me YHWH the signs and the wonders in Israel from with YHWH of troops which dwells on the mountain Zion.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is giving'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
הִנֵּ֣הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
אָנֹכִ֗יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
וְהַיְלָדִים֙the childconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · יֶלֶד (H3206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'the child'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נָֽתַןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לְאֹת֥וֹתthe signsprep + N com c pl abs · אוֹת (H226)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹת (H226) 'the signs'.
וּלְמוֹפְתִ֖יםand the wondersconj וְ + prep + N com m pl abs · מוֹפֵת (H4159)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹפֵת (H4159) 'and the wonders'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'in Israel'.
מֵעִם֙from withprep + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'from with'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
הַשֹּׁכֵ֖ןwhich dwellsart + Qal ptc ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכַן (H7931) 'which dwells'.
בְּהַ֥רon the mountainprep + N com m sg constr · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
צִיּֽוֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
19

וְכִֽי יֹאמְר֣וּ אֲלֵיכֶ֗ם דִּרְשׁ֤וּ אֶל הָאֹבוֹת֙ וְאֶל הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔ים הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖ים וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑ים הֲלוֹא עַם֙ אֶל אֱלֹהָ֣יו יִדְרֹ֔שׁ בְּעַ֥ד הַחַיִּ֖ים אֶל הַמֵּתִֽים

And if they say to you I will require to the mediums and to the spiritists chatter but you shall meditate is it not a people to his God I will require through life to the dead.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְכִֽיand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'and if'.
יֹאמְר֣וּthey sayQal impf 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
אֲלֵיכֶ֗םto youprep + sfx 2mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
דִּרְשׁ֤וּI will requireQal impv 2mp · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָאֹבוֹת֙the mediumsart + N com m pl abs · אוֹב (H178)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוֹב (H178) 'the mediums'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
הַיִּדְּעֹנִ֔יםthe spiritistsart + N com m pl abs · יִדְּעֹנִי (H3049)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִדְּעֹנִי (H3049) 'the spiritists'.
הַֽמְצַפְצְפִ֖יםchatterart + l ptc mp · צָפַף (H6850)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצָפַף (H6850) 'chatter'.
וְהַמַּהְגִּ֑יםbut you shall meditateconj וְ + art + Hiphil ptc mp · הָגָה (H1897)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָגָה (H1897) 'but you shall meditate'.
הֲלוֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
עַם֙a peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱלֹהָ֣יוhis GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'his God'.
יִדְרֹ֔שׁI will requireQal impf 3ms · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'I will require'.
בְּעַ֥דthroughprep · בְּעַד (H1157)Particle or relational elementבְּעַד (H1157) 'through'.
הַחַיִּ֖יםlifeart + Adj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'life'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֵּתִֽיםthe deadart + Qal ptc mp · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) 'the dead'.
20

לְתוֹרָ֖ה וְלִתְעוּדָ֑ה אִם לֹ֤א יֹֽאמְרוּ֙ כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֵֽין ל֖וֹ שָֽׁחַר

The torah and if not they say according to the word of this that there is not to him the dawn.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'they say'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
לְתוֹרָ֖הthe torahprep + N com f sg abs · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'the torah'.
וְלִתְעוּדָ֑הandconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · תְּעוּדָה (H8584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּעוּדָה (H8584) 'and'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יֹֽאמְרוּ֙they sayQal impf 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
כַּדָּבָ֣רaccording to the word ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
שָֽׁחַרthe dawnN c · שַׁחַר (H7837)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁחַר (H7837) 'the dawn'.
21

וְעָ֥בַר בָּ֖הּ נִקְשֶׁ֣ה וְרָעֵ֑ב וְהָיָ֨ה כִֽי יִרְעַ֜ב וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ף וְקִלֵּ֧ל בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹ וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יו וּפָנָ֥ה לְמָֽעְלָה

And it crosses in it it is hard and and it shall be for and he let you hunger and he was angry to curse the king God and it will turn upward.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he let you hunger'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְעָ֥בַרand it crossesconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Particle or relational elementעָבַר (H5674) 'and it crosses'.
בָּ֖הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
נִקְשֶׁ֣הit is hardN · קָשָׁה (H7185)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָשָׁה (H7185) 'it is hard'.
וְרָעֵ֑בandconj וְ + Adj · רָעֵב (H7457)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָעֵב (H7457) 'and'.
וְהָיָ֨הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יִרְעַ֜בand he let you hungerQal impf 3ms · רָעֵב (H7456)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעֵב (H7456) 'and he let you hunger'.
וְהִתְקַצַּ֗ףand he was angryconj וְ + Hithpael q 3ms · קָצַף (H7107)Particle or relational elementקָצַף (H7107) 'and he was angry'.
וְקִלֵּ֧לto curseconj וְ + Piel q 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Particle or relational elementקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
בְּמַלְכּ֛וֹthe kingprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וּבֵאלֹהָ֖יוGodconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וּפָנָ֥הand it will turnconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · פָּנָה (H6437)Particle or relational elementפָּנָה (H6437) 'and it will turn'.
לְמָֽעְלָהupwardprep + art + Sd · מַעְלָה (H4605)Particle or relational elementמַעְלָה (H4605) 'upward'.
22

וְאֶל אֶ֖רֶץ יַבִּ֑יט וְהִנֵּ֨ה צָרָ֤ה וַחֲשֵׁכָה֙ מְע֣וּף צוּקָ֔ה וַאֲפֵלָ֖ה מְנֻדָּֽח

And to the land of he beholds and behold and troubles darkness dimness anguish in darkness to thrust you away.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he beholds'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
אֶ֖רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
יַבִּ֑יטhe beholdsHiphil impf 3ms · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָבַט (H5027) 'he beholds'.
וְהִנֵּ֨הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
צָרָ֤הand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
וַחֲשֵׁכָה֙darknessconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֲשֵׁכָה (H2825)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲשֵׁכָה (H2825) 'darkness'.
מְע֣וּףdimnessN c · מָעוּף (H4588)Construct chain (genitival)מָעוּף (H4588) 'dimness'.
צוּקָ֔הanguishN c · צוֹק (H6695)Construct chain (genitival)צוֹק (H6695) 'anguish'.
וַאֲפֵלָ֖הin darknessconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אֲפֵלָה (H653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲפֵלָה (H653) 'in darkness'.
מְנֻדָּֽחto thrust you awayPual ptc ms · נָדַח (H5080)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָדַח (H5080) 'to thrust you away'.
23

כִּ֣י לֹ֣א מוּעָף֮ לַאֲשֶׁ֣ר מוּצָ֣ק לָהּ֒ כָּעֵ֣ת הָרִאשׁ֗וֹן הֵקַ֞ל אַ֤רְצָה זְבֻלוּן֙ וְאַ֣רְצָה נַפְתָּלִ֔י וְהָאַחֲר֖וֹן הִכְבִּ֑יד דֶּ֤רֶךְ הַיָּם֙ עֵ֣בֶר הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן גְּלִ֖יל הַגּוֹיִֽם

For not dimness to the one who anguish to her at the time of the first to curse to the ground Zebulun the land Naphtali afterward and he hardened the way of the sea on the side of the Jordan in Galilee the nations.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to curse'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מוּעָף֮dimnessN c · מוּעָף (H4155)Construct chain (genitival)מוּעָף (H4155) 'dimness'.
לַאֲשֶׁ֣רto the one whoprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'to the one who'.
מוּצָ֣קanguishN c · מוּצַק (H4164)Construct chain (genitival)מוּצַק (H4164) 'anguish'.
לָהּ֒to herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
כָּעֵ֣תat the time ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time of'.
הָרִאשׁ֗וֹןthe firstart + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first'.
הֵקַ֞לto curseHiphil perf 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
אַ֤רְצָהto the groundN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'to the ground'.
זְבֻלוּן֙ZebulunN · זְבוּלֻן (H2074)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זְבוּלֻן (H2074) 'Zebulun'.
וְאַ֣רְצָהthe landconj וְ + N com c sg constr + Sd · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
נַפְתָּלִ֔יNaphtaliN · נַפְתָּלִי (H5321)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַפְתָּלִי (H5321) 'Naphtali'.
וְהָאַחֲר֖וֹןafterwardconj וְ + art + Adj · אַחֲרוֹן (H314)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרוֹן (H314) 'afterward'.
הִכְבִּ֑ידand he hardenedHiphil perf 3ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
דֶּ֤רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
הַיָּם֙the seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
עֵ֣בֶרon the side ofN c · עֵבֶר (H5676)Construct chain (genitival)עֵבֶר (H5676) 'on the side of'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
גְּלִ֖ילin GalileeN · גָּלִיל (H1551)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּלִיל (H1551) 'in Galilee'.
הַגּוֹיִֽםthe nationsart + N com m pl abs · גּוֹי (H1471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹי (H1471) 'the nations'.