Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Isaiah, Chapter 33ישעיהו 33

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Woe upon the destroyer and betrayer who has not yet been destroyed or betrayed, the prayer that YHWH would be gracious and become the arm and salvation of his waiting people, the scattering of nations and gathering of spoil at the uproar of divine exaltation, Zion filled with justice and righteousness, the collapse of diplomatic peace and the mourning of roads and land, YHWH's resolve now to rise and consume the wicked like stubble in fire, the terror of sinners before everlasting burnings, the portrait of the righteous one who can dwell securely, the vision of the king in his beauty and Jerusalem as an unshaken tent, and the closing assurance that the people dwelling there are forgiven together make Isaiah 33 a siege-chapter that moves from threatened devastation to purified Zionic security. It opens by addressing the plunderer with a reversal principle already at work inside his career. Once he has finished destroying, he himself will be destroyed; once he finishes betraying, betrayal will be turned back upon him. That threat immediately draws out communal prayer. The people ask YHWH for grace because they have waited for him, and they ask him to be arm and salvation at every morning and in the time of distress. From there the chapter rises into divine intervention. At the noise of YHWH the peoples flee, at his rising nations are scattered, and the enemy's spoil is harvested as greedily as locusts sweep a field. Zion is then described not merely as spared ground but as a city filled by the exalted YHWH with justice and righteousness, while the stability of its times is named as a treasury of salvations, wisdom, knowledge, and the fear of YHWH. Yet this security is reached through acute historical crisis. Broken diplomacy is not hidden here: valiant ones cry in the street, peace envoys weep bitterly, highways lie desolate, treaty is broken, cities are despised, and the land itself languishes from Lebanon to Sharon, Bashan, and Carmel. Against that collapse stands YHWH's triple declaration that now he will arise, be exalted, and lift himself up. The enemy conceives chaff and gives birth to stubble, only to be consumed by its own breath under divine fire, while the peoples are burned like lime and thornbushes. The vision then turns inward to Zion's moral center. Sinners and hypocrites tremble at the question of who can dwell with devouring fire and everlasting burnings, and the answer is the one who walks righteously, rejects gain by oppression, refuses bribes, closes ears to bloodshed, and shuts eyes to evil. Such a person is given high refuge, secure bread, and reliable water. From that purified vantage the chapter expands into hope. Eyes see the king in his beauty and a far-stretched land, terror is remembered only as a vanished bookkeeping of siege, the harsh foreign tongue is no longer seen, and Zion appears as the city of appointed feasts, a peaceful habitation whose cords and pegs are never removed. YHWH himself becomes broad rivers and streams impossible for hostile ships to cross, while judge, lawgiver, and king are all gathered in him as savior. Even the image of slackened ropes and disabled mast gives way to abundant spoil in which even the lame take plunder. The closing assurance is one of Zion's tenderest: no inhabitant says, 'I am sick,' because the people dwelling there are forgiven their iniquity. Taken together, reversal upon the destroyer, prayer in distress, divine exaltation, broken diplomacy, purifying fire, ethical qualification for Zion, beautiful kingship, immovable Jerusalem, and forgiven inhabitance form a chapter where the Holy One turns siege-terror into a vision of holy civic life under his own immediate reign.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Eight linked movements shape the chapter: the opening woe against the destroyer-betrayer and the reversal promised upon him (v. 1), the communal plea for grace and morning-by-morning salvation (v. 2), the scattering of nations, gathering of spoil, and Zion's filling with justice and righteousness (vv. 3-6), the bitter description of failed diplomacy and land-wide desolation (vv. 7-9), YHWH's declaration that he will now rise and consume the wicked (vv. 10-12), the fear of sinners before devouring fire together with the portrait of the righteous person who can dwell securely (vv. 13-16), the vision of the king in beauty and Jerusalem as peaceful and unshaken (vv. 17-22), and the closing turn from disabled rigging to abundant spoil and forgiven inhabitants (vv. 23-24). Verse 1 should preserve the doubled characterization of the enemy as destroyer and betrayer together with the talionic reversal that awaits him. The force lies in timing: once he finishes his work, the same logic comes back upon him. Verse 2 moves into direct prayer and should remain compact but earnest. Waiting for YHWH is paired with the plea that he be their arm every morning and also salvation in the time of trouble; the daily rhythm and crisis moment should both remain visible. Verses 3-6 then lift the horizon from prayer to intervention. At the sound of tumult peoples flee, at YHWH's exalted rising nations are scattered, and spoil is gathered like locust-devastation. Verse 5 should keep the exalted transcendence of YHWH who dwells on high, while verse 6 is especially important for Zion's positive theology: stability of your times, wealth or treasure of salvations, wisdom, and knowledge, with the fear of YHWH as treasure. Translation should preserve the cluster rather than dissolving it into generic blessing. Verses 7-9 are deliberately grim and should retain their public-historical concreteness. The valiant cry outside, peace envoys weep bitterly, highways are deserted, travelers cease, covenant is broken, cities despised, and the land languishes from north to south. The named regions should remain geographic and poetic rather than being flattened into vague devastation. Verses 10-12 mark the divine turning point. YHWH's triple 'now' should remain emphatic: now I will arise, now I will be exalted, now I will lift myself up. Verse 11's conception-birth imagery for the enemy should retain its mockery, and the breath or spirit that consumes them like fire should remain vividly reciprocal. Verse 12 then compares the peoples to lime-burnings and cut thorns set ablaze, stressing consumability before divine judgment. Verses 13-16 bring near and far hearers into one summons and then ask the central Zion question: who can dwell with devouring fire and everlasting burnings? The answer in verse 15 should keep its ethical sequence intact - walking righteous deeds, speaking uprightness, despising gain from oppression, shaking hands from bribe-taking, stopping ears from bloodshed, shutting eyes from evil. Verse 16 should preserve the reward in concrete terms: heights as dwelling place, rock-fortresses as refuge, bread given, waters sure. Verses 17-19 then shift from qualification to vision. The king in his beauty should remain a direct sight, and the far-stretching land should keep its expansive quality. Verse 18's remembered terror with scribe, weigher, and tower-counter should remain somewhat enigmatic but concrete, as recollection of siege-administration now gone. Verse 19's fierce people of obscure speech should preserve the foreignness and unintelligibility of the oppressor. Verses 20-22 present Zion's settled security. Jerusalem is the city of our appointed feasts, a tranquil habitation, a tent not removed, with pegs never pulled up and cords never torn. Verse 21's broad rivers and streams should remain paradoxical, because Jerusalem is described as though possessing natural defenses without granting passage to hostile ships. Verse 22 gathers judge, lawgiver, and king in YHWH himself and should retain the triadic concentration. Verses 23-24 close with a difficult maritime image that should still communicate enemy disablement followed by abundant spoil, so abundant that even the lame plunder it. The last line must remain tender and theological: no inhabitant says 'I am sick,' because the people dwelling there are forgiven iniquity. The sequence binds bodily well-being to pardoned guilt. Taken together, the passage should therefore be translated as a chapter where siege fear, diplomatic collapse, and the terror of divine holiness are all answered by YHWH's rising kingship, Zion's ethical purification, and a final secure civic life grounded in forgiveness. Versification follows the MT. **Cruxes.** | Verse | Issue | | --- | --- | | none | none of note |

1

ה֣וֹי שׁוֹדֵ֗ד וְאַתָּה֙ לֹ֣א שָׁד֔וּד וּבוֹגֵ֖ד וְלֹא בָ֣גְדוּ ב֑וֹ כַּהֲתִֽמְךָ֤ שׁוֹדֵד֙ תּוּשַּׁ֔ד כַּנְּלֹתְךָ֥ לִבְגֹּ֖ד יִבְגְּדוּ בָֽךְ

Woe to you that spoilest, and you not spoiled; and dealest treacherously, and they dealt not treacherously with you! when you shall cease to spoil, you shall be spoiled; when you shall make an end to deal treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with you.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'ruined'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ה֣וֹיahparticle · הוֹי (H1945)Particle or relational elementהוֹי (H1945) 'ah'.
שׁוֹדֵ֗דruinedQal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
וְאַתָּה֙and youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׁד֔וּדruinedQal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
וּבוֹגֵ֖דin his dealing treacherouslyconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · בָּגַד (H898)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
בָ֣גְדוּin his dealing treacherouslyQal perf 3cp · בָּגַד (H898)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
ב֑וֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
כַּהֲתִֽמְךָ֤had finishedprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 2ms · תָּמַם (H8552)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementתָּמַם (H8552) 'had finished'.
שׁוֹדֵד֙ruinedQal ptc ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
תּוּשַּׁ֔דruinedQal passive impf 2ms · שָׁדַד (H7703)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁדַד (H7703) 'ruined'.
כַּנְּלֹתְךָ֥as / likeprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 2ms · נָלָה (H5239)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָלָה (H5239) 'as / like'.
לִבְגֹּ֖דin his dealing treacherouslyprep + Qal inf constr · בָּגַד (H898)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
יִבְגְּדוּin his dealing treacherouslyQal impf 3mp · בָּגַד (H898)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּגַד (H898) 'in his dealing treacherously'.
בָֽךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
2

יְהוָ֥ה חָנֵּ֖נוּ לְךָ֣ קִוִּ֑ינוּ הֱיֵ֤ה זְרֹעָם֙ לַבְּקָרִ֔ים אַף יְשׁוּעָתֵ֖נוּ בְּעֵ֥ת צָרָֽה

O YHWH, be gracious to us; we have waited for you: be you their arm every morning, our salvation also in the time of trouble.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'pity me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
חָנֵּ֖נוּpity meQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cp · חָנַן (H2603)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
לְךָ֣to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
קִוִּ֑ינוּlet be gatheredPiel perf 1cp · קָוָה (H6960)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָוָה (H6960) 'let be gathered'.
הֱיֵ֤הwasQal impv 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
זְרֹעָם֙the shoulderN c · זְרוֹעַ (H2220)Construct chain (genitival)זְרוֹעַ (H2220) 'the shoulder'.
לַבְּקָרִ֔יםin the morningprep + art + N com m pl abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
יְשׁוּעָתֵ֖נוּhis salvationN c · יְשׁוּעָה (H3444)Construct chain (genitival)יְשׁוּעָה (H3444) 'his salvation'.
בְּעֵ֥תat the timeprep + N com c sg constr · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
צָרָֽהand troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
3

מִקּ֣וֹל הָמ֔וֹן נָדְד֖וּ עַמִּ֑ים מֵר֣וֹמְמֻתֶ֔ךָ נָפְצ֖וּ גּוֹיִֽם

At the noise of the tumult the people fled; at the lifting up of thyself the nations were scattered.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and fled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִקּ֣וֹלfrom the sound ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'from the sound of'.
הָמ֔וֹןmultitude ofN c · הָמוֹן (H1995)Construct chain (genitival)הָמוֹן (H1995) 'multitude of'.
נָדְד֖וּand fledQal perf 3cp · נָדַד (H5074)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָדַד (H5074) 'and fled'.
עַמִּ֑יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
מֵר֣וֹמְמֻתֶ֔ךָfromprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · רֹמֵמֻת (H7427)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹמֵמֻת (H7427) 'from'.
נָפְצ֖וּwas spread abroadQal perf 3cp · נָפַץ (H5310)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַץ (H5310) 'was spread abroad'.
גּוֹיִֽםnationsN c · גּוֹי (H1471)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹי (H1471) 'nations'.
4

וְאֻסַּ֣ף שְׁלַלְכֶ֔ם אֹ֖סֶף הֶֽחָסִ֑יל כְּמַשַּׁ֥ק גֵּבִ֖ים שׁוֹקֵ֥ק בּֽוֹ

And your spoil shall be gathered the gathering of the caterpiller: as the running to and fro of locusts shall he run upon them.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'have appetite'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְאֻסַּ֣ףand he shall gatherconj וְ + Pual q 3ms · אָסַף (H622)Particle or relational elementאָסַף (H622) 'and he shall gather'.
שְׁלַלְכֶ֔םits spoilN c · שָׁלָל (H7998)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'its spoil'.
אֹ֖סֶףgatheringN c · אֹסֶף (H625)Construct chain (genitival)אֹסֶף (H625) 'gathering'.
הֶֽחָסִ֑ילcaterpillarart + N com m sg abs · חָסִיל (H2625)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָסִיל (H2625) 'caterpillar'.
כְּמַשַּׁ֥קas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · מַשָּׁק (H4944)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשָּׁק (H4944) 'as / like'.
גֵּבִ֖יםlocustN c · גֵּב (H1357)Construct chain (genitival)גֵּב (H1357) 'locust'.
שׁוֹקֵ֥קhave appetiteQal ptc ms · שָׁקַק (H8264)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁקַק (H8264) 'have appetite'.
בּֽוֹin itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
5

נִשְׂגָּ֣ב יְהוָ֔ה כִּ֥י שֹׁכֵ֖ן מָר֑וֹם מִלֵּ֣א צִיּ֔וֹן מִשְׁפָּ֖ט וּצְדָקָֽה

YHWH is exalted; for he dwelleth on high: he has filled Zion with judgment and righteousness.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'dwell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
נִשְׂגָּ֣בwas too highN · שָׂגַב (H7682)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂגַב (H7682) 'was too high'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שֹׁכֵ֖ןdwellQal ptc ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁכַן (H7931) 'dwell'.
מָר֑וֹםthe heights ofN c · מָרוֹם (H4791)Construct chain (genitival)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
מִלֵּ֣אhe wholly followedPiel perf 3ms · מָלֵא (H4390)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלֵא (H4390) 'he wholly followed'.
צִיּ֔וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
מִשְׁפָּ֖טjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
וּצְדָקָֽהand righteousnessconj וְ + N com f sg abs · צְדָקָה (H6666)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'and righteousness'.
6

וְהָיָה֙ אֱמוּנַ֣ת עִתֶּ֔יךָ חֹ֥סֶן יְשׁוּעֹ֖ת חָכְמַ֣ת וָדָ֑עַת יִרְאַ֥ת יְהוָ֖ה הִ֥יא אוֹצָרֽוֹ

And wisdom and knowledge shall be the stability of your times, strength of salvation: the fear of YHWH his treasure.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
אֱמוּנַ֣תfaithfulnessN c · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Construct chain (genitival)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
עִתֶּ֔יךָat the timeN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
חֹ֥סֶןrichesN c · חֹסֶן (H2633)Construct chain (genitival)חֹסֶן (H2633) 'riches'.
יְשׁוּעֹ֖תthe salvation ofN c · יְשׁוּעָה (H3444)Construct chain (genitival)יְשׁוּעָה (H3444) 'the salvation of'.
חָכְמַ֣תwisdom ofN c · חָכְמָה (H2451)Construct chain (genitival)חָכְמָה (H2451) 'wisdom of'.
וָדָ֑עַתthe knowledge ofconj וְ + N com f sg abs · דַּעַת (H1847)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּעַת (H1847) 'the knowledge of'.
יִרְאַ֥תfear ofN c · יִרְאָה (H3374)Construct chain (genitival)יִרְאָה (H3374) 'fear of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
הִ֥יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
אוֹצָרֽוֹhis storehouseN c · אוֹצָר (H214)Construct chain (genitival)אוֹצָר (H214) 'his storehouse'.
7

הֵ֚ן אֶרְאֶלָּ֔ם צָעֲק֖וּ חֻ֑צָה מַלְאֲכֵ֣י שָׁל֔וֹם מַ֖ר יִבְכָּיֽוּן

Behold, their valiant ones shall cry without: the ambassadors of peace shall weep bitterly.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationhinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he cried out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הֵ֚ןbeholdadv. · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
אֶרְאֶלָּ֔םvaliant oneN c · אֶרְאֵל (H691)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרְאֵל (H691) 'valiant one'.
צָעֲק֖וּand he cried outQal perf 3cp · צָעַק (H6817)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָעַק (H6817) 'and he cried out'.
חֻ֑צָהoutsideN c · חוּץ (H2351)Construct chain (genitival)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'.
מַלְאֲכֵ֣יmessengers ofN c · מַלְאָךְ (H4397)Construct chain (genitival)מַלְאָךְ (H4397) 'messengers of'.
שָׁל֔וֹםpeaceN c · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'peace'.
מַ֖רof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
יִבְכָּיֽוּןand they weptQal impf 3mp + Sn · בָּכָה (H1058)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
8

נָשַׁ֣מּוּ מְסִלּ֔וֹת שָׁבַ֖ת עֹבֵ֣ר אֹ֑רַח הֵפֵ֤ר בְּרִית֙ מָאַ֣ס עָרִ֔ים לֹ֥א חָשַׁ֖ב אֱנֽוֹשׁ

The highways lie waste, the wayfaring man ceaseth: he has broken the covenant, he has despised the cities, he regardeth no man.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he rested'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
נָשַׁ֣מּוּand I will desolateN · שָׁמֵם (H8074)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמֵם (H8074) 'and I will desolate'.
מְסִלּ֔וֹתfrom their coursesN c · מְסִלָּה (H4546)Construct chain (genitival)מְסִלָּה (H4546) 'from their courses'.
שָׁבַ֖תhe restedQal perf 3ms · שָׁבַת (H7673)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁבַת (H7673) 'he rested'.
עֹבֵ֣רis crossingQal ptc ms · עָבַר (H5674)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
אֹ֑רַחthe way ofN c · אֹרַח (H734)Construct chain (genitival)אֹרַח (H734) 'the way of'.
הֵפֵ֤רhe has brokenHiphil perf 3ms · פָּרַר (H6565)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּרַר (H6565) 'he has broken'.
בְּרִית֙the covenant ofN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'the covenant of'.
מָאַ֣סdespiseQal perf 3ms · מָאַס (H3988)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
עָרִ֔יםcitiesN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'cities'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
חָשַׁ֖בa skilled designerQal perf 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָשַׁב (H2803) 'a skilled designer'.
אֱנֽוֹשׁfrom mankindN c · אֱנוֹשׁ (H582)Construct chain (genitival)אֱנוֹשׁ (H582) 'from mankind'.
9

אָבַ֤ל אֻמְלְלָה֙ אָ֔רֶץ הֶחְפִּ֥יר לְבָנ֖וֹן קָמַ֑ל הָיָ֤ה הַשָּׁרוֹן֙ כָּֽעֲרָבָ֔ה וְנֹעֵ֥ר בָּשָׁ֖ן וְכַרְמֶֽל

The earth mourneth languisheth: Lebanon is ashamed hewn down: Sharon is like a wilderness; and Bashan and Carmel shake off .

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and they mourned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אָבַ֤לand they mournedQal perf 3ms · אָבַל (H56)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַל (H56) 'and they mourned'.
אֻמְלְלָה֙languishPulal perf 3fs · אָמַל (H535)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַל (H535) 'languish'.
אָ֔רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
הֶחְפִּ֥ירbe ashamedHiphil perf 3ms · חָפֵר (H2659)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵר (H2659) 'be ashamed'.
לְבָנ֖וֹןLebanonN · לְבָנוֹן (H3844)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְבָנוֹן (H3844) 'Lebanon'.
קָמַ֑לhew downQal perf 3ms · קָמַל (H7060)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָמַל (H7060) 'hew down'.
הָיָ֤הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
הַשָּׁרוֹן֙Lasharonart + N proper · שָׁרוֹן (H8289)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרוֹן (H8289) 'Lasharon'.
כָּֽעֲרָבָ֔הin the plains ofprep + art + N com f sg abs · עֲרָבָה (H6160)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲרָבָה (H6160) 'in the plains of'.
וְנֹעֵ֥רand shook offconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · נָעַר (H5287)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָעַר (H5287) 'and shook off'.
בָּשָׁ֖ןBashanN · בָּשָׁן (H1316)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׁן (H1316) 'Bashan'.
וְכַרְמֶֽלin Carmelconj וְ + N proper · כַּרְמֶל (H3760)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמֶל (H3760) 'in Carmel'.
10

עַתָּ֥ה אָק֖וּם יֹאמַ֣ר יְהוָ֑ה עַתָּה֙ אֵֽרוֹמָ֔ם עַתָּ֖ה אֶנָּשֵֽׂא

Now will I rise, says YHWH; now will I be exalted; now will I lift up myself.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he arose'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עַתָּ֥הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
אָק֖וּםand he aroseQal impf 1cs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
יֹאמַ֣רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַתָּה֙nowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
אֵֽרוֹמָ֔םand tallHithpolel impf 1cs · רוּם (H7311)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרוּם (H7311) 'and tall'.
עַתָּ֖הnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
אֶנָּשֵֽׂאlifts upN · נָשָׂא (H5375)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
11

תַּהֲר֥וּ חֲשַׁ֖שׁ תֵּ֣לְדוּ קַ֑שׁ רוּחֲכֶ֕ם אֵ֖שׁ תֹּאכַלְכֶֽם

You shall conceive chaff, you shall bring forth stubble: your breath, fire, shall devour you.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and she conceived'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תַּהֲר֥וּand she conceivedQal impf 2mp · הָרָה (H2029)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָרָה (H2029) 'and she conceived'.
חֲשַׁ֖שׁchaffN c · חָשַׁשׁ (H2842)Construct chain (genitival)חָשַׁשׁ (H2842) 'chaff'.
תֵּ֣לְדוּand he fatheredQal impf 2mp · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָלַד (H3205) 'and he fathered'.
קַ֑שׁstubbleN c · קַשׁ (H7179)Construct chain (genitival)קַשׁ (H7179) 'stubble'.
רוּחֲכֶ֕םa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
אֵ֖שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
תֹּאכַלְכֶֽםyou shall eatQal impf 3fs + sfx 2mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
12

וְהָי֥וּ עַמִּ֖ים מִשְׂרְפ֣וֹת שִׂ֑יד קוֹצִ֥ים כְּסוּחִ֖ים בָּאֵ֥שׁ יִצַּֽתּוּ

And the people shall be the burnings of lime: thorns cut up shall they be burned in the fire.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'cut down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְהָי֥וּand they shall beconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and they shall be'.
עַמִּ֖יםpeoplesN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'peoples'.
מִשְׂרְפ֣וֹתburningN c · מִשְׂרָפָה (H4955)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂרָפָה (H4955) 'burning'.
שִׂ֑ידwith plasterN c · שִׂיד (H7875)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂיד (H7875) 'with plaster'.
קוֹצִ֥יםthornbushesN c · קוֹץ (H6975)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹץ (H6975) 'thornbushes'.
כְּסוּחִ֖יםcut downQal ptc mp · כָּסַח (H3683)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּסַח (H3683) 'cut down'.
בָּאֵ֥שׁwith fireprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֵשׁ (H784)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשׁ (H784) 'with fire'.
יִצַּֽתּוּand they set on fireQal impf 3mp · יָצַת (H3341)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצַת (H3341) 'and they set on fire'.
13

שִׁמְע֥וּ רְחוֹקִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר עָשִׂ֑יתִי וּדְע֥וּ קְרוֹבִ֖ים גְּבֻרָתִֽי

Hear, you far off, what I have done; and, you near, acknowledge my might.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'his hearing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
שִׁמְע֥וּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
רְחוֹקִ֖יםfarAdj · רָחוֹק (H7350)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחוֹק (H7350) 'far'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשִׂ֑יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
וּדְע֥וּand knowconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָדַע (H3045) 'and know'.
קְרוֹבִ֖יםnearAdj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
גְּבֻרָתִֽיand like your mighty actsN c · גְּבוּרָה (H1369)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּרָה (H1369) 'and like your mighty acts'.
14

פָּחֲד֤וּ בְצִיּוֹן֙ חַטָּאִ֔ים אָחֲזָ֥ה רְעָדָ֖ה חֲנֵפִ֑ים מִ֣י יָג֣וּר לָ֗נוּ אֵ֚שׁ אוֹכֵלָ֔ה מִי יָג֥וּר לָ֖נוּ מוֹקְדֵ֥י עוֹלָֽם

The sinners in Zion are afraid; fearfulness has surprised the hypocrites. Who among us shall dwell with the devouring fire? who among us shall dwell with everlasting burnings?

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you will dread'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
פָּחֲד֤וּand you will dreadQal perf 3cp · פָּחַד (H6342)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּחַד (H6342) 'and you will dread'.
בְצִיּוֹן֙Zionprep + N proper · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
חַטָּאִ֔יםsinfulAdj · חַטָּא (H2400)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַטָּא (H2400) 'sinful'.
אָחֲזָ֥הand they took holdQal perf 3fs · אָחַז (H270)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָחַז (H270) 'and they took hold'.
רְעָדָ֖הtrembling;N c · רַעַד (H7461)Construct chain (genitival)רַעַד (H7461) 'trembling;'.
חֲנֵפִ֑יםhypocriteAdj · חָנֵף (H2611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָנֵף (H2611) 'hypocrite'.
מִ֣יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יָג֣וּרsojournsQal impf 3ms · גּוּר (H1481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגּוּר (H1481) 'sojourns'.
לָ֗נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
אֵ֚שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
אוֹכֵלָ֔הyou shall eatQal ptc fs · אָכַל (H398)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
מִיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יָג֥וּרsojournsQal impf 3ms · גּוּר (H1481)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגּוּר (H1481) 'sojourns'.
לָ֖נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
מוֹקְדֵ֥יburningN c · מוֹקֵד (H4168)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹקֵד (H4168) 'burning'.
עוֹלָֽםperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
15

הֹלֵ֣ךְ צְדָק֔וֹת וְדֹבֵ֖ר מֵֽישָׁרִ֑ים מֹאֵ֞ס בְּבֶ֣צַע מַעֲשַׁקּ֗וֹת נֹעֵ֤ר כַּפָּיו֙ מִתְּמֹ֣ךְ בַּשֹּׁ֔חַד אֹטֵ֤ם אָזְנוֹ֙ מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַ דָּמִ֔ים וְעֹצֵ֥ם עֵינָ֖יו מֵרְא֥וֹת בְּרָֽע

He that walketh righteously, and speaketh uprightly; he that despiseth the gain of oppressions, that shaketh his hands from holding of bribes, that stoppeth his ears from hearing of blood, and shutteth his eyes from seeing evil;

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הֹלֵ֣ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
צְדָק֔וֹתrighteous acts ofN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteous acts of'.
וְדֹבֵ֖רand he shall speakconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he shall speak'.
מֵֽישָׁרִ֑יםagreementN c · מֵישָׁר (H4339)Construct chain (genitival)מֵישָׁר (H4339) 'agreement'.
מֹאֵ֞סdespiseQal ptc ms · מָאַס (H3988)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָאַס (H3988) 'despise'.
בְּבֶ֣צַעunjust gainprep + N com m sg constr · בֶּצַע (H1215)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּצַע (H1215) 'unjust gain'.
מַעֲשַׁקּ֗וֹתoppressionN c · מַעֲשַׁקָּה (H4642)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲשַׁקָּה (H4642) 'oppression'.
נֹעֵ֤רand shook offQal ptc ms · נָעַר (H5287)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָעַר (H5287) 'and shook off'.
כַּפָּיו֙his handsN c · כַּף (H3709)Construct chain (genitival)כַּף (H3709) 'his hands'.
מִתְּמֹ֣ךְheld upprep + Qal inf constr · תָּמַךְ (H8551)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementתָּמַךְ (H8551) 'held up'.
בַּשֹּׁ֔חַדa bribeprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֹׁחַד (H7810)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֹׁחַד (H7810) 'a bribe'.
אֹטֵ֤םnarrowQal ptc ms · אָטַם (H331)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָטַם (H331) 'narrow'.
אָזְנוֹ֙his earN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'his ear'.
מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַand he heardprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁמַע (H8085)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
דָּמִ֔יםbloodguiltN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'bloodguilt'.
וְעֹצֵ֥םand grew strongconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · עָצַם (H6105)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָצַם (H6105) 'and grew strong'.
עֵינָ֖יוhis eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'his eyes'.
מֵרְא֥וֹתand he sawprep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
בְּרָֽעin troubleprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'in trouble'.
16

ה֚וּא מְרוֹמִ֣ים יִשְׁכֹּ֔ן מְצָד֥וֹת סְלָעִ֖ים מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹ לַחְמ֣וֹ נִתָּ֔ן מֵימָ֖יו נֶאֱמָנִֽים

He shall dwell on high: his place of defence the munitions of rocks: bread shall be given him; his waters sure.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he dwells'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
ה֚וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
מְרוֹמִ֣יםthe heights ofN c · מָרוֹם (H4791)Construct chain (genitival)מָרוֹם (H4791) 'the heights of'.
יִשְׁכֹּ֔ןhe dwellsQal impf 3ms · שָׁכַן (H7931)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַן (H7931) 'he dwells'.
מְצָד֥וֹתstrongholdN c · מְצַד (H4679)Construct chain (genitival)מְצַד (H4679) 'stronghold'.
סְלָעִ֖יםthe rockN c · סֶלַע (H5553)Construct chain (genitival)סֶלַע (H5553) 'the rock'.
מִשְׂגַּבּ֑וֹdefenceN c · מִשְׂגָּב (H4869)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׂגָּב (H4869) 'defence'.
לַחְמ֣וֹhis breadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'his bread'.
נִתָּ֔ןis givingN · נָתַן (H5414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
מֵימָ֖יוits waterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'its water'.
נֶאֱמָנִֽיםfaithfulN · אָמַן (H539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
17

מֶ֥לֶךְ בְּיָפְי֖וֹ תֶּחֱזֶ֣ינָה עֵינֶ֑יךָ תִּרְאֶ֖ינָה אֶ֥רֶץ מַרְחַקִּֽים

Your eyes shall see the king in his beauty: they shall behold the land that is very far off.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he sees/beholds'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בְּיָפְי֖וֹinprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · יֳפִי (H3308)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֳפִי (H3308) 'in'.
תֶּחֱזֶ֣ינָהhe sees/beholdsQal impf 3fp · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
עֵינֶ֑יךָyour eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
תִּרְאֶ֖ינָהand he sawQal impf 3fp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
אֶ֥רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
מַרְחַקִּֽים(a-N c · מֶרְחָק (H4801)Construct chain (genitival)מֶרְחָק (H4801) '(a-'.
18

לִבְּךָ֖ יֶהְגֶּ֣ה אֵימָ֑ה אַיֵּ֤ה סֹפֵר֙ אַיֵּ֣ה שֹׁקֵ֔ל אַיֵּ֖ה סֹפֵ֥ר אֶת הַמִּגְדָּלִֽים

Your heart shall meditate terror. Where the scribe? where the receiver? where he that counted the towers?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'but you shall meditate'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
לִבְּךָ֖your heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'your heart'.
יֶהְגֶּ֣הbut you shall meditateQal impf 3ms · הָגָה (H1897)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָגָה (H1897) 'but you shall meditate'.
אֵימָ֑הterrorN c · אֵימָה (H367)Construct chain (genitival)אֵימָה (H367) 'terror'.
אַיֵּ֤הwhereinterrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'where'.
סֹפֵר֙may be declaredQal ptc ms · סָפַר (H5608)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָפַר (H5608) 'may be declared'.
אַיֵּ֣הwhereinterrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'where'.
שֹׁקֵ֔לhe shall weigh outQal ptc ms · שָקַל (H8254)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָקַל (H8254) 'he shall weigh out'.
אַיֵּ֖הwhereinterrog. · אַיֵּה (H346)Particle or relational elementאַיֵּה (H346) 'where'.
סֹפֵ֥רmay be declaredQal ptc ms · סָפַר (H5608)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָפַר (H5608) 'may be declared'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמִּגְדָּלִֽיםand a towerart + N com c pl abs · מִגְדָּל (H4026)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִגְדָּל (H4026) 'and a tower'.
19

אֶת עַ֥ם נוֹעָ֖ז לֹ֣א תִרְאֶ֑ה עַ֣ם עִמְקֵ֤י שָׂפָה֙ מִשְּׁמ֔וֹעַ נִלְעַ֥ג לָשׁ֖וֹן אֵ֥ין בִּינָֽה

You shall not see a fierce people, a people of a deeper speech than you canst perceive; of a stammering tongue, not understand.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you will see'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַ֥םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
נוֹעָ֖זfierceN · יָעַז (H3267)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָעַז (H3267) 'fierce'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תִרְאֶ֑הyou will seeQal impf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you will see'.
עַ֣םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
עִמְקֵ֤יdeeperAdj · עָמֵק (H6012)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָמֵק (H6012) 'deeper'.
שָׂפָה֙a binding/edgeN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'a binding/edge'.
מִשְּׁמ֔וֹעַand he heardprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁמַע (H8085)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
נִלְעַ֥גhave in derisionN · לָעַג (H3932)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָעַג (H3932) 'have in derision'.
לָשׁ֖וֹןtongueN c · לָשׁוֹן (H3956)Construct chain (genitival)לָשׁוֹן (H3956) 'tongue'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
בִּינָֽהand your understandingN c · בִּינָה (H998)Construct chain (genitival)בִּינָה (H998) 'and your understanding'.
20

חֲזֵ֣ה צִיּ֔וֹן קִרְיַ֖ת מֽוֹעֲדֵ֑נוּ עֵינֶיךָ֩ תִרְאֶ֨ינָה יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜ם נָוֶ֣ה שַׁאֲנָ֗ן אֹ֤הֶל בַּל יִצְעָן֙ בַּל יִסַּ֤ע יְתֵֽדֹתָיו֙ לָנֶ֔צַח וְכָל חֲבָלָ֖יו בַּל יִנָּתֵֽקוּ

Look upon Zion, the city of our solemnities: your eyes shall see Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle shall not be taken down; not one of the stakes thereof shall ever be removed, neither shall any of the cords thereof be broken.

Imperative — volitional addresshinneh
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'he sees/beholds'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
חֲזֵ֣הhe sees/beholdsQal impv 2ms · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
צִיּ֔וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
קִרְיַ֖תa cityN c · קִרְיָה (H7151)Construct chain (genitival)קִרְיָה (H7151) 'a city'.
מֽוֹעֲדֵ֑נוּmeetingN c · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Construct chain (genitival)מוֹעֵד (H4150) 'meeting'.
עֵינֶיךָ֩your eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
תִרְאֶ֨ינָהand he sawQal impf 3fp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֜םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
נָוֶ֣הthe abode ofN c · נָוֶה (H5116)Construct chain (genitival)נָוֶה (H5116) 'the abode of'.
שַׁאֲנָ֗ןandAdj · שַׁאֲנָן (H7600)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁאֲנָן (H7600) 'and'.
אֹ֤הֶלthe tent ofN c · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tent of'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִצְעָן֙be taken downQal impf 3ms · צָעַן (H6813)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצָעַן (H6813) 'be taken down'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִסַּ֤עand they set outQal impf 3ms · נָסַע (H5265)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָסַע (H5265) 'and they set out'.
יְתֵֽדֹתָיו֙its pegsN c · יָתֵד (H3489)Construct chain (genitival)יָתֵד (H3489) 'its pegs'.
לָנֶ֔צַחalwayprep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
חֲבָלָ֖יוthe region ofN c · חֶבֶל (H2256)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יִנָּתֵֽקוּwere liftedN · נָתַק (H5423)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַק (H5423) 'were lifted'.
21

כִּ֣י אִם שָׁ֞ם אַדִּ֤יר יְהוָה֙ לָ֔נוּ מְקוֹם נְהָרִ֥ים יְאֹרִ֖ים רַחֲבֵ֣י יָדָ֑יִם בַּל תֵּ֤לֶךְ בּוֹ֙ אֳנִי שַׁ֔יִט וְצִ֥י אַדִּ֖יר לֹ֥א יַעַבְרֶֽנּוּ

But there the glorious YHWH to us a place of broad rivers streams; wherein shall go no galley with oars, neither shall gallant ship pass thereby.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
שָׁ֞םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
אַדִּ֤ירwaters.Adj · אַדִּיר (H117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַדִּיר (H117) 'waters.'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לָ֔נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
מְקוֹםa placeN c · מָקוֹם (H4725)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'a place'.
נְהָרִ֥יםthe riverN c · נָהָר (H5104)Construct chain (genitival)נָהָר (H5104) 'the river'.
יְאֹרִ֖יםthe NileN c · יְאֹר (H2975)Construct chain (genitival)יְאֹר (H2975) 'the Nile'.
רַחֲבֵ֣יbroad ofAdj · רָחָב (H7342)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָחָב (H7342) 'broad of'.
יָדָ֑יִםhandsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'hands'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
תֵּ֤לֶךְyou shall goQal impf 3fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'you shall go'.
בּוֹ֙in itprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
אֳנִיgalleyN c · אֳנִי (H590)Construct chain (genitival)אֳנִי (H590) 'galley'.
שַׁ֔יִטoarN c · שַׁיִט (H7885)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁיִט (H7885) 'oar'.
וְצִ֥יand shipsconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צִי (H6716)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִי (H6716) 'and ships'.
אַדִּ֖ירwaters.Adj · אַדִּיר (H117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַדִּיר (H117) 'waters.'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעַבְרֶֽנּוּare crossingQal impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
22

כִּ֤י יְהוָה֙ שֹׁפְטֵ֔נוּ יְהוָ֖ה מְחֹקְקֵ֑נוּ יְהוָ֥ה מַלְכֵּ֖נוּ ה֥וּא יוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּ

For YHWH our judge, YHWH our lawgiver, YHWH our king; he will save us.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and judge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
שֹׁפְטֵ֔נוּand judgeQal ptc ms + sfx 1cp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מְחֹקְקֵ֑נוּthe commanderPoel ptc ms + sfx 1cp · חָקַק (H2710)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָקַק (H2710) 'the commander'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מַלְכֵּ֖נוּking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
ה֥וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
יוֹשִׁיעֵֽנוּone to saveHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cp · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
23

נִטְּשׁ֖וּ חֲבָלָ֑יִךְ בַּל יְחַזְּק֤וּ כֵן תָּרְנָם֙ בַּל פָּ֣רְשׂוּ נֵ֔ס אָ֣ז חֻלַּ֤ק עַֽד שָׁלָל֙ מַרְבֶּ֔ה פִּסְחִ֖ים בָּ֥זְזוּ בַֽז

Your tacklings are loosed; they could not well strengthen their mast, they could not spread the sail: then is the prey of a great spoil divided; the lame take the prey.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'be strong'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
נִטְּשׁ֖וּand he forsookN · נָטַשׁ (H5203)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָטַשׁ (H5203) 'and he forsook'.
חֲבָלָ֑יִךְthe region ofN c · חֶבֶל (H2256)Construct chain (genitival)חֶבֶל (H2256) 'the region of'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
יְחַזְּק֤וּbe strongPiel impf 3mp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
כֵןits standN c · כֵּן (H3653)Construct chain (genitival)כֵּן (H3653) 'its stand'.
תָּרְנָם֙beaconN c · תֹּרֶן (H8650)Construct chain (genitival)תֹּרֶן (H8650) 'beacon'.
בַּלnotneg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'not'.
פָּ֣רְשׂוּand they shall spreadQal perf 3cp · פָּרַשׂ (H6566)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּרַשׂ (H6566) 'and they shall spread'.
נֵ֔סa poleN c · נֵס (H5251)Construct chain (genitival)נֵס (H5251) 'a pole'.
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
חֻלַּ֤קhe had allottedPual perf 3ms · חָלַק (H2505)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלַק (H2505) 'he had allotted'.
עַֽדpreyN c · עַד (H5706)Construct chain (genitival)עַד (H5706) 'prey'.
שָׁלָל֙the spoil ofN c · שָׁלָל (H7998)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁלָל (H7998) 'the spoil of'.
מַרְבֶּ֔הgreatN c · מַרְבֶה (H4766)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְבֶה (H4766) 'great'.
פִּסְחִ֖יםlameAdj · פִּסֵּחַ (H6455)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּסֵּחַ (H6455) 'lame'.
בָּ֥זְזוּthey plunderedQal perf 3cp · בָּזַז (H962)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּזַז (H962) 'they plundered'.
בַֽזfor plunderN c · בַּז (H957)Construct chain (genitival)בַּז (H957) 'for plunder'.
24

וּבַל יֹאמַ֥ר שָׁכֵ֖ן חָלִ֑יתִי הָעָ֛ם הַיֹּשֵׁ֥ב בָּ֖הּ נְשֻׂ֥א עָוֺֽן

And the inhabitant shall not say, I am sick: the people that dwell therein forgiven iniquity.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he says'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּבַלandconj וְ + neg. · בַּל (H1077)Particle or relational elementבַּל (H1077) 'and'.
יֹאמַ֥רhe saysQal impf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'he says'.
שָׁכֵ֖ןtheir neighborsAdj · שָׁכֵן (H7934)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁכֵן (H7934) 'their neighbors'.
חָלִ֑יתִיinflictedQal perf 1cs · חָלָה (H2470)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
הָעָ֛םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַיֹּשֵׁ֥בwho dwellsart + Qal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'who dwells'.
בָּ֖הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
נְשֻׂ֥אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
עָוֺֽןthe iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.