Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Samuel, Chapter 21שמואל ב 21

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Samuel 21 (22 verses in the MT) opens: Then there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David enquired of YHWH. And YHWH answered, for Saul, and for bloody house, because he slew the Gibeonites. The middle of the chapter continues: And David went and took the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son from the men of Jabeshgilead, which had stolen them from the street of Bethshan, where the Philistines had hanged them, when the Philistines. It closes: These four were born to the giant in Gath, and fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Samuel 21 comprises 22 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — Then there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after yea. Then there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David enquired of YHWH. And YHWH answered, for Saul, and for bloody house, because he slew the Gibeonites. And the king called the Gibeonites, and said to them; (now the Gibeonites not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — Let seven men of his sons be delivered to us, and we will hang them up t. Let seven men of his sons be delivered to us, and we will hang them up to YHWH in Gibeah of Saul, YHWH did choose. And the king said, I will give . But the king spared Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan the son of Saul, because of YHWH's oath that between them, between David and Jonathan the son of Saul. But the king took the two sons of Rizpah the daughter. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — And it was told David what Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, the concubine of. And it was told David what Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, the concubine of Saul, had done. And David went and took the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son from the men of Jabeshgilead, which had stolen them from the street of Bethshan, where the Philistines had hanged them, when the Philistines had slain Saul in Gilboa: And he brought up from. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — And Ishbibenob, which of the sons of the giant, the weight of whose spea. And Ishbibenob, which of the sons of the giant, the weight of whose spear three hundred of brass in weight, he being girded with a new , thought to have slain David. But Abishai the son of Zeruiah succoured him, and smote the Philistine, and killed him. Then the men of David sware to him, saying, You shall go no more out with us to battle, that you quench. Movement V (vv. 21-22) — And when he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea the brother of Dav. And when he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea the brother of David slew him. These four were born to the giant in Gath, and fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיְהִ֣י רָעָב֩ בִּימֵ֨י דָוִ֜ד שָׁלֹ֣שׁ שָׁנִ֗ים שָׁנָה֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁנָ֔ה וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁ דָּוִ֖ד אֶת פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יְהוָ֗ה אֶל שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶל בֵּ֣ית הַדָּמִ֔ים עַל אֲשֶׁר הֵמִ֖ית אֶת הַגִּבְעֹנִֽים

Then there was a famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David enquired of YHWH. And YHWH answered, for Saul, and for bloody house, because he slew the Gibeonites.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וַיְהִ֣יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
רָעָב֩famineN c · רָעָב (H7458)Construct chain (genitival)רָעָב (H7458) 'famine'.
בִּימֵ֨יin the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days of'.
דָוִ֜דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
שָׁלֹ֣שׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
שָׁנִ֗יםyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
שָׁנָה֙yearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
שָׁנָ֔הyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
וַיְבַקֵּ֥שׁand he soughtconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'and he sought'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שָׁאוּל֙ShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַדָּמִ֔יםthe bloodart + N com m pl abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֵמִ֖יתto put to deathHiphil perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'to put to death'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַגִּבְעֹנִֽיםGibeoniteart + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'Gibeonite'.
2

וַיִּקְרָ֥א הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ לַגִּבְעֹנִ֖ים וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְהַגִּבְעֹנִ֞ים לֹ֣א מִבְּנֵ֧י יִשְׂרָאֵ֣ל הֵ֗מָּה כִּ֚י אִם מִיֶּ֣תֶר הָאֱמֹרִ֔י וּבְנֵ֤י יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נִשְׁבְּע֣וּ לָהֶ֔ם וַיְבַקֵּ֤שׁ שָׁאוּל֙ לְהַכֹּתָ֔ם בְּקַנֹּאת֥וֹ לִבְנֵֽי יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל וִיהוּדָֽה

And the king called the Gibeonites, and said to them; (now the Gibeonites not of the children of Israel, but of the remnant of the Amorites; and the children of Israel had sworn to them: and Saul sought to slay them in his zeal to the children of Israel and Judah.)

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַיִּקְרָ֥אand he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לַגִּבְעֹנִ֖יםtoprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'to'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲלֵיהֶ֑םto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
וְהַגִּבְעֹנִ֞יםandconj וְ + art + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'and'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
מִבְּנֵ֧יfrom the sons ofprep + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'from the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֣לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הֵ֗מָּהtheypron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'they'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
מִיֶּ֣תֶרfrom the remnant ofprep + N com m sg constr · יֶתֶר (H3499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֶתֶר (H3499) 'from the remnant of'.
הָאֱמֹרִ֔יthe Amoriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֱמֹרִי (H567)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֹרִי (H567) 'the Amorite'.
וּבְנֵ֤יand the sons ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
נִשְׁבְּע֣וּthey sworeN · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'they swore'.
לָהֶ֔םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
וַיְבַקֵּ֤שׁand he soughtconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'and he sought'.
שָׁאוּל֙ShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לְהַכֹּתָ֔םand he struckprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
בְּקַנֹּאת֥וֹand he is jealous ofprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · קָנָא (H7065)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָנָא (H7065) 'and he is jealous of'.
לִבְנֵֽיof the sons ofprep + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'of the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וִיהוּדָֽהand Judahconj וְ + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'and Judah'.
3

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל הַגִּבְעֹנִ֔ים מָ֥ה אֶעֱשֶׂ֖ה לָכֶ֑ם וּבַמָּ֣ה אֲכַפֵּ֔ר וּבָרְכ֖וּ אֶת נַחֲלַ֥ת יְהוָֽה

Wherefore David said to the Gibeonites, What shall I do for you? and wherewith shall I make the atonement, that you may bless the inheritance of YHWH?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַגִּבְעֹנִ֔יםGibeoniteart + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'Gibeonite'.
מָ֥הwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אֶעֱשֶׂ֖הI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
לָכֶ֑םto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
וּבַמָּ֣הand by whatconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and by what'.
אֲכַפֵּ֔רand he shall make atonementPiel impf 1cs · כִּפֶּר (H3722)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכִּפֶּר (H3722) 'and he shall make atonement'.
וּבָרְכ֖וּand cursed [written 'blessed']conj וְ + Piel impv 2mp · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'and cursed [written 'blessed']'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַחֲלַ֥תthe inheritance ofN c · נַחֲלָה (H5159)Construct chain (genitival)נַחֲלָה (H5159) 'the inheritance of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
4

וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּ ל֣וֹ הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים אֵֽין לי לָ֜נוּ כֶּ֤סֶף וְזָהָב֙ עִם שָׁא֣וּל וְעִם בֵּית֔וֹ וְאֵֽין לָ֥נוּ אִ֖ישׁ לְהָמִ֣ית בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֛אמֶר מָֽה אַתֶּ֥ם אֹמְרִ֖ים אֶעֱשֶׂ֥ה לָכֶֽם

And the Gibeonites said to him, We will have no silver nor gold of Saul, nor of his house; neither for us shall you kill any man in Israel. And he said, What you shall say, will I do for you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיֹּ֧אמְרוּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
ל֣וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗יםGibeoniteart + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'Gibeonite'.
אֵֽיןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
ליto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
לָ֜נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
כֶּ֤סֶףsilverN c · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'silver'.
וְזָהָב֙and goldconj וְ + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'and gold'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
שָׁא֣וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְעִםand withconj וְ + prep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'and with'.
בֵּית֔וֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
וְאֵֽיןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
לָ֥נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
לְהָמִ֣יתto killprep + Hiphil inf constr · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'to kill'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֑לin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'in Israel'.
וַיֹּ֛אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מָֽהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אַתֶּ֥םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
אֹמְרִ֖יםthey sayQal ptc mp · אָמַר (H559)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָמַר (H559) 'they say'.
אֶעֱשֶׂ֥הI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
לָכֶֽםto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
5

וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ אֶל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר כִּלָּ֔נוּ וַאֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּמָּה לָ֑נוּ נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּ מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖ב בְּכָל גְּבֻ֥ל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And they answered the king, The man that consumed us, and that devised against us we should be destroyed from remaining in any of the coasts of Israel,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙and they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הָאִישׁ֙the manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
כִּלָּ֔נוּand he finishedPiel perf 3ms + sfx 1cp · כָּלָה (H3615)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּלָה (H3615) 'and he finished'.
וַאֲשֶׁ֖רand whoconj וְ + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'and who'.
דִּמָּהI plannedPiel perf 3ms · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
לָ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
נִשְׁמַ֕דְנוּyour being destroyedN · שָׁמַד (H8045)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַד (H8045) 'your being destroyed'.
מֵֽהִתְיַצֵּ֖בand he stationed himselfprep + Hithpael inf constr · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and he stationed himself'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
גְּבֻ֥לthe borderN c · גְּבוּל (H1366)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּל (H1366) 'the border'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
6

ינתן יֻתַּן לָ֜נוּ שִׁבְעָ֤ה אֲנָשִׁים֙ מִבָּנָ֔יו וְהוֹקַֽעֲנוּם֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה בְּגִבְעַ֥ת שָׁא֖וּל בְּחִ֣יר יְהוָ֑ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֲנִ֥י אֶתֵּֽן

Let seven men of his sons be delivered to us, and we will hang them up to YHWH in Gibeah of Saul, YHWH did choose. And the king said, I will give .

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'would give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
ינתןwill be givenN · נָתַן (H5414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַן (H5414) 'will be given'.
יֻתַּןwould giveQal passive jussive 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
לָ֜נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
שִׁבְעָ֤הsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
אֲנָשִׁים֙menN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
מִבָּנָ֔יוfrom among his sonsprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'from among his sons'.
וְהוֹקַֽעֲנוּם֙and was put out of jointconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cp + sfx 3mp · יָקַע (H3363)Particle or relational elementיָקַע (H3363) 'and was put out of joint'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
בְּגִבְעַ֥תGibeahprep + N proper · גִּבְעָה (H1390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1390) 'Gibeah'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
בְּחִ֣ירchooseAdj · בָּחִיר (H972)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּחִיר (H972) 'choose'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֲנִ֥יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
אֶתֵּֽןI will giveQal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'I will give'.
7

וַיַּחְמֹ֣ל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עַל מְפִי בֹ֖שֶׁת בֶּן יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בֶּן שָׁא֑וּל עַל שְׁבֻעַ֤ת יְהוָה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בֵּֽינֹתָ֔ם בֵּ֣ין דָּוִ֔ד וּבֵ֖ין יְהוֹנָתָ֥ן בֶּן שָׁאֽוּל

But the king spared Mephibosheth, the son of Jonathan the son of Saul, because of YHWH's oath that between them, between David and Jonathan the son of Saul.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you shall spare'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיַּחְמֹ֣לyou shall spareconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָמַל (H2550)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָמַל (H2550) 'you shall spare'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְפִיMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
בֹ֖שֶׁתtoN · בֹּשֶׁת (H1322)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּשֶׁת (H1322) 'to'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְהוֹנָתָ֣ןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁבֻעַ֤תan oath ofN c · שְׁבוּעָה (H7621)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁבוּעָה (H7621) 'an oath of'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בֵּֽינֹתָ֔םbetween themprep + sfx 3mp · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between them'.
בֵּ֣יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וּבֵ֖יןand betweenconj וְ + prep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'and between'.
יְהוֹנָתָ֥ןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁאֽוּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
8

וַיִּקַּ֣ח הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ אֶת שְׁ֠נֵי בְּנֵ֨י רִצְפָּ֤ה בַת אַיָּה֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָלְדָ֣ה לְשָׁא֔וּל אֶת אַרְמֹנִ֖י וְאֶת מְפִבֹ֑שֶׁת וְאֶת חֲמֵ֗שֶׁת בְּנֵי֙ מִיכַ֣ל בַּת שָׁא֔וּל אֲשֶׁ֥ר יָלְדָ֛ה לְעַדְרִיאֵ֥ל בֶּן בַּרְזִלַּ֖י הַמְּחֹלָתִֽי

But the king took the two sons of Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, whom she bare to Saul, Armoni and Mephibosheth; and the five sons of Michal the daughter of Saul, whom she brought up for Adriel the son of Barzillai the Meholathite:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
וַיִּקַּ֣חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
הַמֶּ֡לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁ֠נֵיtwo ofAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two of'.
בְּנֵ֨יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
רִצְפָּ֤הRizpahN · רִצְפָּה (H7532)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִצְפָּה (H7532) 'Rizpah'.
בַתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
אַיָּה֙and AiahN · אַיָּה (H345)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּה (H345) 'and Aiah'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָלְדָ֣הboreQal perf 3fs · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָלַד (H3205) 'bore'.
לְשָׁא֔וּלof Shaulprep + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'of Shaul'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אַרְמֹנִ֖יArmoniN · אַרְמֹנִי (H764)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְמֹנִי (H764) 'Armoni'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
מְפִבֹ֑שֶׁתMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
חֲמֵ֗שֶׁתthe five ofAdj · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'the five of'.
בְּנֵי֙the sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
מִיכַ֣לMichalN · מִיכָל (H4324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִיכָל (H4324) 'Michal'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָלְדָ֛הboreQal perf 3fs · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָלַד (H3205) 'bore'.
לְעַדְרִיאֵ֥לtoprep + N proper · עַדְרִיאֵל (H5741)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַדְרִיאֵל (H5741) 'to'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בַּרְזִלַּ֖יBarzillaiN · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'Barzillai'.
הַמְּחֹלָתִֽיMecholathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · מְחֹלָתִי (H4259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְחֹלָתִי (H4259) 'Mecholathite'.
9

וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֞ם בְּיַ֣ד הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗ים וַיֹּקִיעֻ֤ם בָּהָר֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיִּפְּל֥וּ שבעתים שְׁבַעְתָּ֖ם יָ֑חַד והם וְהֵ֨מָּה הֻמְת֜וּ בִּימֵ֤י קָצִיר֙ בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔ים תחלת בִּתְחִלַּ֖ת קְצִ֥יר שְׂעֹרִֽים

And he delivered them into the hands of the Gibeonites, and they hanged them in the hill before YHWH: and they fell seven together, and were put to death in the days of harvest, in the first , in the beginning of barley harvest.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he gave them'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַֽיִּתְּנֵ֞םand he gave themconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave them'.
בְּיַ֣דby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
הַגִּבְעֹנִ֗יםGibeoniteart + N gentilic m pl abs · גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעֹנִי (H1393) 'Gibeonite'.
וַיֹּקִיעֻ֤םand was put out of jointconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3mp · יָקַע (H3363)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָקַע (H3363) 'and was put out of joint'.
בָּהָר֙on the mountainprep + art + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'on the mountain'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיִּפְּל֥וּand they fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
שבעתיםsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
שְׁבַעְתָּ֖םsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
יָ֑חַדtogetherN c · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Construct chain (genitival)יַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
והםand theyconj וְ + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'and they'.
וְהֵ֨מָּהnow theyconj וְ + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'now they'.
הֻמְת֜וּand he diedHophal perf 3cp · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
בִּימֵ֤יin the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days of'.
קָצִיר֙harvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
בָּרִ֣אשֹׁנִ֔יםthe firstprep + art + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first'.
תחלתat the firstN c · תְּחִלָּה (H8462)Construct chain (genitival)תְּחִלָּה (H8462) 'at the first'.
בִּתְחִלַּ֖תat the firstprep + N com f sg constr · תְּחִלָּה (H8462)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּחִלָּה (H8462) 'at the first'.
קְצִ֥ירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
שְׂעֹרִֽיםbarleyN c · שְׂעֹרָה (H8184)Construct chain (genitival)שְׂעֹרָה (H8184) 'barley'.
10

וַתִּקַּ֣ח רִצְפָּה֩ בַת אַיָּ֨ה אֶת הַשַּׂ֜ק וַתַּטֵּ֨הוּ לָ֤הּ אֶל הַצּוּר֙ מִתְּחִלַּ֣ת קָצִ֔יר עַ֛ד נִתַּךְ מַ֥יִם עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם מִן הַשָּׁמָ֑יִם וְלֹֽא נָתְנָה֩ ע֨וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֜יִם לָנ֤וּחַ עֲלֵיהֶם֙ יוֹמָ֔ם וְאֶת חַיַּ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה לָֽיְלָה

And Rizpah the daughter of Aiah took sackcloth, and spread it for her upon the rock, from the beginning of harvest until water dropped upon them out of heaven, and suffered neither the birds of the air to rest on them by day, nor the beasts of the field by night.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
וַתִּקַּ֣חand she tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and she took'.
רִצְפָּה֩RizpahN · רִצְפָּה (H7532)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִצְפָּה (H7532) 'Rizpah'.
בַתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
אַיָּ֨הand AiahN · אַיָּה (H345)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּה (H345) 'and Aiah'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַשַּׂ֜קsackclothart + N com m sg abs · שַׂק (H8242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
וַתַּטֵּ֨הוּstretch outconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לָ֤הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַצּוּר֙the rockart + N com m sg abs · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
מִתְּחִלַּ֣תat the firstprep + N com f sg constr · תְּחִלָּה (H8462)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּחִלָּה (H8462) 'at the first'.
קָצִ֔ירharvest ofN c · קָצִיר (H7105)Construct chain (genitival)קָצִיר (H7105) 'harvest of'.
עַ֛דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
נִתַּךְpouredN · נָתַךְ (H5413)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַךְ (H5413) 'poured'.
מַ֥יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
עֲלֵיהֶ֖םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשָּׁמָ֑יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נָתְנָה֩gaveQal perf 3fs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'gave'.
ע֨וֹףbird ofN c · עוֹף (H5775)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹף (H5775) 'bird of'.
הַשָּׁמַ֜יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
לָנ֤וּחַgives restprep + Qal inf constr · נוּחַ (H5117)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנוּחַ (H5117) 'gives rest'.
עֲלֵיהֶם֙upon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
יוֹמָ֔םby dayart · יוֹמָם (H3119)Particle or relational elementיוֹמָם (H3119) 'by day'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
חַיַּ֥תbeast ofN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'beast of'.
הַשָּׂדֶ֖הthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
לָֽיְלָהby nightN c · לַיְלָה (H3915)Construct chain (genitival)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'by night'.
11

וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לְדָוִ֑ד אֵ֧ת אֲשֶׁר עָשְׂתָ֛ה רִצְפָּ֥ה בַת אַיָּ֖ה פִּלֶ֥גֶשׁ שָׁאֽוּל

And it was told David what Rizpah the daughter of Aiah, the concubine of Saul, had done.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיֻּגַּ֖דand it was toldconj וְ + Hophal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לְדָוִ֑דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
אֵ֧ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשְׂתָ֛הshe has doneQal perf 3fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'she has done'.
רִצְפָּ֥הRizpahN · רִצְפָּה (H7532)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִצְפָּה (H7532) 'Rizpah'.
בַתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
אַיָּ֖הand AiahN · אַיָּה (H345)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּה (H345) 'and Aiah'.
פִּלֶ֥גֶשׁand his concubineN c · פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370)Construct chain (genitival)פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370) 'and his concubine'.
שָׁאֽוּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
12

וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד וַיִּקַּ֞ח אֶת עַצְמ֤וֹת שָׁאוּל֙ וְאֶת עַצְמוֹת֙ יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֔וֹ מֵאֵ֕ת בַּעֲלֵ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד אֲשֶׁר֩ גָּנְב֨וּ אֹתָ֜ם מֵרְחֹ֣ב בֵּֽית שַׁ֗ן אֲשֶׁ֨ר תלום תְּלָא֥וּם שם הפלשתים שָׁ֨מָּה֙ פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים בְּי֨וֹם הַכּ֧וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים אֶת שָׁא֖וּל בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַ

And David went and took the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son from the men of Jabeshgilead, which had stolen them from the street of Bethshan, where the Philistines had hanged them, when the Philistines had slain Saul in Gilboa:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 33 words
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיִּקַּ֞חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַצְמ֤וֹתthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
שָׁאוּל֙ShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
עַצְמוֹת֙the bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
יְהוֹנָתָ֣ןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
בְּנ֔וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
מֵאֵ֕תfromprep + prep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'from'.
בַּעֲלֵ֖יthe lords ofN c · בַּעַל (H1167)Construct chain (genitival)בַּעַל (H1167) 'the lords of'.
יָבֵ֣ישׁJabesh-gileadN · יָבֵשׁ (H3003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָבֵשׁ (H3003) 'Jabesh-gilead'.
גִּלְעָ֑דGileadN · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
אֲשֶׁר֩thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
גָּנְב֨וּthey have stolenQal perf 3cp · גָּנַב (H1589)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּנַב (H1589) 'they have stolen'.
אֹתָ֜םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
מֵרְחֹ֣בin the squareprep + N com f sg constr · רְחוֹב (H7339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְחוֹב (H7339) 'in the square'.
בֵּֽיתBeth-N · בֵּית שְׁאָן (H1052)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית שְׁאָן (H1052) 'Beth-'.
שַׁ֗ן-sheanN · בֵּית שְׁאָן (H1052)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית שְׁאָן (H1052) '-shean'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
תלוםhe hangedQal perf 3cp + sfx 3mp · תָּלָה (H8518)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּלָה (H8518) 'he hanged'.
תְּלָא֥וּםhe hangedQal perf 3cp + sfx 3mp · תָּלָה (H8518)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actתָּלָה (H8518) 'he hanged'.
שםthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
הפלשתיםthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
שָׁ֨מָּה֙thereart + Sd · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
בְּי֨וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַכּ֧וֹתstrikingHiphil inf constr · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'striking'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֛יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
בַּגִּלְבֹּֽעַinprep + art + N proper · גִּלְבֹּעַ (H1533)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְבֹּעַ (H1533) 'in'.
13

וַיַּ֤עַל מִשָּׁם֙ אֶת עַצְמ֣וֹת שָׁא֔וּל וְאֶת עַצְמ֖וֹת יְהוֹנָתָ֣ן בְּנ֑וֹ וַיַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּ אֶת עַצְמ֖וֹת הַמּוּקָעִֽים

And he brought up from thence the bones of Saul and the bones of Jonathan his son; and they gathered the bones of them that were hanged.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּ֤עַלand he went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
מִשָּׁם֙from thereprep + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'from there'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַצְמ֣וֹתthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
עַצְמ֖וֹתthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
יְהוֹנָתָ֣ןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
בְּנ֑וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
וַיַּ֣אַסְפ֔וּand they gatheredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַף (H622) 'and they gathered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַצְמ֖וֹתthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
הַמּוּקָעִֽיםand was put out of jointart + Hophal ptc mp · יָקַע (H3363)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָקַע (H3363) 'and was put out of joint'.
14

וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּ אֶת עַצְמוֹת שָׁא֣וּל וִיהוֹנָֽתָן בְּ֠נוֹ בְּאֶ֨רֶץ בִּנְיָמִ֜ן בְּצֵלָ֗ע בְּקֶ֨בֶר֙ קִ֣ישׁ אָבִ֔יו וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֔וּ כֹּ֥ל אֲשֶׁר צִוָּ֖ה הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֵּעָתֵ֧ר אֱלֹהִ֛ים לָאָ֖רֶץ אַֽחֲרֵי כֵֽן

And the bones of Saul and Jonathan his son buried they in the country of Benjamin in Zelah, in the sepulchre of Kish his father: and they performed all that the king commanded. And after that God was intreated for the land.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they buried'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּקְבְּר֣וּand they buriedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָבַר (H6912)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַר (H6912) 'and they buried'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַצְמוֹתthe bones ofN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'the bones of'.
שָׁא֣וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וִיהוֹנָֽתָןandconj וְ + N proper · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'and'.
בְּ֠נוֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
בְּאֶ֨רֶץin the land ofprep + N com c sg constr · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
בִּנְיָמִ֜ןBenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
בְּצֵלָ֗עand Zelaprep + N proper · צֵלַע (H6762)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵלַע (H6762) 'and Zela'.
בְּקֶ֨בֶר֙a graveprep + N com m sg constr · קֶבֶר (H6913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'a grave'.
קִ֣ישׁKishN · קִישׁ (H7027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִישׁ (H7027) 'Kish'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
וַֽיַּעֲשׂ֔וּand they didconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and they did'.
כֹּ֥לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
צִוָּ֖הcommandedPiel perf 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיֵּעָתֵ֧רand he pleadedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָתַר (H6279)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָתַר (H6279) 'and he pleaded'.
אֱלֹהִ֛יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לָאָ֖רֶץfor the landprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'for the land'.
אַֽחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
כֵֽןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
15

וַתְּהִי ע֧וֹד מִלְחָמָ֛ה לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֵּ֨רֶד דָּוִ֜ד וַעֲבָדָ֥יו עִמּ֛וֹ וַיִּלָּחֲמ֥וּ אֶת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖ים וַיָּ֥עַף דָּוִֽד

Moreover the Philistines had yet war again with Israel; and David went down, and his servants with him, and fought against the Philistines: and David waxed faint.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַתְּהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
ע֧וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
מִלְחָמָ֛הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
לַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםthe Philistinesprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיֵּ֨רֶדand went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
דָּוִ֜דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַעֲבָדָ֥יוand his servantsconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'and his servants'.
עִמּ֛וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
וַיִּלָּחֲמ֥וּand they foughtconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · לָחַם (H3898)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָחַם (H3898) 'and they fought'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיָּ֥עַףand exhaustedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עוּף (H5774)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעוּף (H5774) 'and exhausted'.
דָּוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
16

וישבו וְיִשְׁבִּ֨י בְּנֹ֜ב אֲשֶׁ֣ר בִּילִידֵ֣י הָרָפָ֗ה וּמִשְׁקַ֤ל קֵינוֹ֙ שְׁלֹ֤שׁ מֵאוֹת֙ מִשְׁקַ֣ל נְחֹ֔שֶׁת וְה֖וּא חָג֣וּר חֲדָשָׁ֑ה וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְהַכּ֥וֹת אֶת דָּוִֽד

And Ishbibenob, which of the sons of the giant, the weight of whose spear three hundred of brass in weight, he being girded with a new , thought to have slain David.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'girded'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וישבוandconj וְ + N proper · יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430) 'and'.
וְיִשְׁבִּ֨יandconj וְ + N proper · יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430) 'and'.
בְּנֹ֜בIshbi-benobN · יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׁבּוֹ בְּנֹב (H3430) 'Ishbi-benob'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בִּילִידֵ֣יone born inprep + N com m pl constr · יְלִיד (H3211)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְלִיד (H3211) 'one born in'.
הָרָפָ֗הRephaimart + N gentilic m sg abs · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
וּמִשְׁקַ֤לits weightconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁקָל (H4948)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁקָל (H4948) 'its weight'.
קֵינוֹ֙spearN c · קַיִן (H7013)Construct chain (genitival)קַיִן (H7013) 'spear'.
שְׁלֹ֤שׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵאוֹת֙hundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
מִשְׁקַ֣לits weightN c · מִשְׁקָל (H4948)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁקָל (H4948) 'its weight'.
נְחֹ֔שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
וְה֖וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
חָג֣וּרgirdedQal ptc ms · חָגַר (H2296)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
חֲדָשָׁ֑הnewAdj · חָדָשׁ (H2319)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָדָשׁ (H2319) 'new'.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לְהַכּ֥וֹתto strike downprep + Hiphil inf constr · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'to strike down'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
17

וַיַּֽעֲזָר לוֹ֙ אֲבִישַׁ֣י בֶּן צְרוּיָ֔ה וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ אָ֣ז נִשְׁבְּעוּ֩ אַנְשֵׁי דָוִ֨ד ל֜וֹ לֵאמֹ֗ר לֹא תֵצֵ֨א ע֤וֹד אִתָּ֨נוּ֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְלֹ֥א תְכַבֶּ֖ה אֶת נֵ֥ר יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

But Abishai the son of Zeruiah succoured him, and smote the Philistine, and killed him. Then the men of David sware to him, saying, You shall go no more out with us to battle, that you quench not the light of Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and help you'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַיַּֽעֲזָרand help youconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָזַר (H5826)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָזַר (H5826) 'and help you'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אֲבִישַׁ֣יAbishaiN · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֔הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
וַיַּ֥ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּand he diedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
נִשְׁבְּעוּ֩they sworeN · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'they swore'.
אַנְשֵׁיthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
דָוִ֨דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
ל֜וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
לֵאמֹ֗רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֵצֵ֨אyou go outQal impf 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'you go out'.
ע֤וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אִתָּ֨נוּ֙with usprep + sfx 1cp · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with us'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תְכַבֶּ֖הit shall go outPiel impf 2ms · כָּבָה (H3518)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּבָה (H3518) 'it shall go out'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נֵ֥רa lampN c · נֵר (H5216)Construct chain (genitival)נֵר (H5216) 'a lamp'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
18

וַֽיְהִי֙ אַֽחֲרֵי כֵ֔ן וַתְּהִי ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים אָ֣ז הִכָּ֗ה סִבְּכַי֙ הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔י אֶת סַ֕ף אֲשֶׁ֖ר בִּילִדֵ֥י הָרָפָֽה

And it came to pass after this, that there was again a battle with the Philistines at Gob: then Sibbechai the Hushathite slew Saph, which of the sons of the giant.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַֽיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אַֽחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
כֵ֔ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
וַתְּהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
ע֧וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֛הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
בְּג֖וֹבinprep + N proper · גֹּב (H1359)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֹּב (H1359) 'in'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
הִכָּ֗הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
סִבְּכַי֙SibbecaiN · סִבְּכַי (H5444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סִבְּכַי (H5444) 'Sibbecai'.
הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔יHushathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · חֻשָׁתִי (H2843)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֻשָׁתִי (H2843) 'Hushathite'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
סַ֕ףSaph. CompareN · סַף (H5593)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סַף (H5593) 'Saph. Compare'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בִּילִדֵ֥יone born inprep + N com m pl constr · יְלִיד (H3211)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְלִיד (H3211) 'one born in'.
הָרָפָֽהRephaimart + N gentilic m sg abs · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
19

וַתְּהִי ע֧וֹד הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה בְּג֖וֹב עִם פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיַּ֡ךְ אֶלְחָנָן֩ בֶּן יַעְרֵ֨י אֹרְגִ֜ים בֵּ֣ית הַלַּחְמִ֗י אֵ֚ת גָּלְיָ֣ת הַגִּתִּ֔י וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֔וֹ כִּמְנ֖וֹר אֹרְגִֽים

And there was again a battle in Gob with the Philistines, where Elhanan the son of Jaareoregim, a Bethlehemite, slew Goliath the Gittite, the staff of whose spear like a weaver's beam.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַתְּהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
ע֧וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֛הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
בְּג֖וֹבinprep + N proper · גֹּב (H1359)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֹּב (H1359) 'in'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיַּ֡ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶלְחָנָן֩ElkananN · אֶלְחָנָן (H445)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְחָנָן (H445) 'Elkanan'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יַעְרֵ֨יJaare-oregimN · יַעֲרֵי אֹרְגִים (H3296)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲרֵי אֹרְגִים (H3296) 'Jaare-oregim'.
אֹרְגִ֜יםJaare-oregimN · יַעֲרֵי אֹרְגִים (H3296)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲרֵי אֹרְגִים (H3296) 'Jaare-oregim'.
בֵּ֣יתBethlehemiteN · בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022) 'Bethlehemite'.
הַלַּחְמִ֗יBethlehemiteN · בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022) 'Bethlehemite'.
אֵ֚ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
גָּלְיָ֣תGoliathN · גׇּלְיַת (H1555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גׇּלְיַת (H1555) 'Goliath'.
הַגִּתִּ֔יthe Gittiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · גִּתִּי (H1663)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּתִּי (H1663) 'the Gittite'.
וְעֵ֣ץand the tree ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'and the tree of'.
חֲנִית֔וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
כִּמְנ֖וֹרas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · מָנוֹר (H4500)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָנוֹר (H4500) 'as / like'.
אֹרְגִֽיםa weaver,Qal ptc mp · אָרַג (H707)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַג (H707) 'a weaver,'.
20

וַתְּהִי ע֥וֹד מִלְחָמָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיְהִ֣י אִ֣ישׁ מדין מָד֗וֹן וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֣ת יָדָיו֩ וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֨ת רַגְלָ֜יו שֵׁ֣שׁ וָשֵׁ֗שׁ עֶשְׂרִ֤ים וְאַרְבַּע֙ מִסְפָּ֔ר וְגַם ה֖וּא יֻלַּ֥ד לְהָרָפָֽה

And there was yet a battle in Gath, where was a man of stature, that had on every hand six fingers, and on every foot six toes, four and twenty in number; and he also was born to the giant.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַתְּהִיand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
ע֥וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
מִלְחָמָ֖הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
בְּגַ֑תin Gathprep + N proper · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
וַיְהִ֣יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מדיןstatureN c · מָדוֹן (H4067)Construct chain (genitival)מָדוֹן (H4067) 'stature'.
מָד֗וֹןstatureN c · מָדוֹן (H4067)Construct chain (genitival)מָדוֹן (H4067) 'stature'.
וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֣תwith his fingerconj וְ + N com f pl constr · אֶצְבַּע (H676)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶצְבַּע (H676) 'with his finger'.
יָדָיו֩his handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hands'.
וְאֶצְבְּעֹ֨תwith his fingerconj וְ + N com f pl constr · אֶצְבַּע (H676)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶצְבַּע (H676) 'with his finger'.
רַגְלָ֜יוhis feetN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
שֵׁ֣שׁsixAdj · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'six'.
וָשֵׁ֗שׁand sixconj וְ + Adj c · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'and six'.
עֶשְׂרִ֤יםtwentyAdj · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'twenty'.
וְאַרְבַּע֙and fourconj וְ + Adj c · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'and four'.
מִסְפָּ֔רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
וְגַםand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
ה֖וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
יֻלַּ֥דfatheredPual perf 3ms · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָלַד (H3205) 'fathered'.
לְהָרָפָֽהRephaimprep + art + N gentilic m sg abs · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
21

וַיְחָרֵ֖ף אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיַּכֵּ֨הוּ֙ יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ן בֶּן שמעי שִׁמְעָ֖ה אֲחִ֥י דָוִֽד

And when he defied Israel, Jonathan the son of Shimea the brother of David slew him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'that scorned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיְחָרֵ֖ףthat scornedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · חָרַף (H2778)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיַּכֵּ֨הוּ֙and he struck himconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck him'.
יְה֣וֹנָתָ֔ןJonathan. CompareN · יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹנָתָן (H3083) 'Jonathan. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שמעיand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
שִׁמְעָ֖הShimeaN · שִׁמְעָא (H8092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעָא (H8092) 'Shimea'.
אֲחִ֥יbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
דָוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
22

אֶת אַרְבַּ֥עַת אֵ֛לֶּה יֻלְּד֥וּ לְהָרָפָ֖ה בְּגַ֑ת וַיִּפְּל֥וּ בְיַד דָּוִ֖ד וּבְיַ֥ד עֲבָדָֽיו

These four were born to the giant in Gath, and fell by the hand of David, and by the hand of his servants.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'were born'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אַרְבַּ֥עַתfour ofAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four of'.
אֵ֛לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
יֻלְּד֥וּwere bornPual perf 3cp · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָלַד (H3205) 'were born'.
לְהָרָפָ֖הRephaimprep + art + N gentilic m sg abs · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
בְּגַ֑תin Gathprep + N proper · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
וַיִּפְּל֥וּand they fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
בְיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וּבְיַ֥דand by a handconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and by a hand'.
עֲבָדָֽיוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.