Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Samuel, Chapter 2שמואל ב 2

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Samuel 2 (32 verses in the MT) opens: And it came to pass after this, that David enquired of YHWH, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah? And YHWH said to him, Go up. And David said, Whither shall I go up? And he said, To Hebron. The middle of the chapter continues: And there was a very sore battle that day; and Abner was beaten, and the men of Israel, before the servants of David. It closes: And they took up Asahel, and buried him in the sepulchre of his father, which Bethlehem. And Joab and his men went all night, and they came to Hebron at break of day.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Samuel 2 comprises 32 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-7) — And it came to pass after this, that David enquired of YHWH, saying, Sha. And it came to pass after this, that David enquired of YHWH, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah? And YHWH said to him, Go up. And David said, Whither shall I go up? And he said, To Hebron. So David went up thither, and his two wives also, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail Nabal's wife the Carmelite. And his men that with him did David. Movement II (vv. 8-14) — But Abner the son of Ner, captain of Saul's host, took Ishbosheth the so. But Abner the son of Ner, captain of Saul's host, took Ishbosheth the son of Saul, and brought him over to Mahanaim; And made him king over Gilead, and over the Ashurites, and over Jezreel, and over Ephraim, and over Benjamin, and over all Israel. Ishbosheth Saul's son forty years old when he began to reign over Israel, and reigned two years. But the house. Movement III (vv. 15-21) — Then there arose and went over by number twelve of Benjamin, which to Is. Then there arose and went over by number twelve of Benjamin, which to Ishbosheth the son of Saul, and twelve of the servants of David. And they caught every one his fellow by the head, and his sword in his fellow's side; so they fell down together: wherefore that place was called Helkathhazzurim, which in Gibeon. And there was a very sore battle that day;. Movement IV (vv. 22-28) — And Abner said again to Asahel, Turn you aside from following me: wheref. And Abner said again to Asahel, Turn you aside from following me: wherefore should I smite you to the ground? how then should I hold up my face to Joab your brother? Howbeit he refused to turn aside: wherefore Abner with the hinder end of the spear smote him under the fifth , that the spear came out behind him; and he fell down there, and died in the same. Movement V (vv. 29-32) — And Abner and his men walked all that night through the plain, and passe. And Abner and his men walked all that night through the plain, and passed over Jordan, and went through all Bithron, and they came to Mahanaim. And Joab returned from following Abner: and when he had gathered all the people together, there lacked of David's servants nineteen men and Asahel. But the servants of David had smitten of Benjamin, and of Abner's. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיְהִ֣י אַֽחֲרֵי כֵ֗ן וַיִּשְׁאַל֩ דָּוִ֨ד בַּֽיהוָ֤ה לֵאמֹר֙ הַאֶעֱלֶ֗ה בְּאַחַת֙ עָרֵ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר יְהוָ֛ה אֵלָ֖יו עֲלֵ֑ה וַיֹּ֧אמֶר דָּוִ֛ד אָ֥נָה אֶעֱלֶ֖ה וַיֹּ֥אמֶר חֶבְרֹֽנָה

And it came to pass after this, that David enquired of YHWH, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah? And YHWH said to him, Go up. And David said, Whither shall I go up? And he said, To Hebron.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיְהִ֣יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אַֽחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
כֵ֗ןsoart · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
וַיִּשְׁאַל֩and he askedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁאַל (H7592) 'and he asked'.
דָּוִ֨דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּֽיהוָ֤הagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
לֵאמֹר֙sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
הַאֶעֱלֶ֗הand he went upinterrog. + Qal impf 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
בְּאַחַת֙concerning one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'concerning one of'.
עָרֵ֣יthe cities ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the cities of'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָ֛הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
עֲלֵ֑הgo upQal impv 2ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָלָה (H5927) 'go up'.
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֛דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אָ֥נָהwhereart · אָנָה (H575)Particle or relational elementאָנָה (H575) 'where'.
אֶעֱלֶ֖הI will go upQal impf 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'I will go up'.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חֶבְרֹֽנָהHebronN · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'Hebron'.
2

וַיַּ֤עַל שָׁם֙ דָּוִ֔ד וְגַ֖ם שְׁתֵּ֣י נָשָׁ֑יו אֲחִינֹ֨עַם֙ הַיִּזְרְעֵלִ֔ית וַאֲבִיגַ֕יִל אֵ֖שֶׁת נָבָ֥ל הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽי

So David went up thither, and his two wives also, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail Nabal's wife the Carmelite.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּ֤עַלand he went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
שָׁם֙thereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְגַ֖םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
שְׁתֵּ֣יtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
נָשָׁ֑יוhis wivesN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'his wives'.
אֲחִינֹ֨עַם֙AhinoamN · אֲחִינֹעַם (H293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִינֹעַם (H293) 'Ahinoam'.
הַיִּזְרְעֵלִ֔יתJezreelitessart + N gentilic f sg abs · יִזְרְעֵאלִית (H3159)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִזְרְעֵאלִית (H3159) 'Jezreelitess'.
וַאֲבִיגַ֕יִלandconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִיגַיִל (H26)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִיגַיִל (H26) 'and'.
אֵ֖שֶׁתwife ofN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'wife of'.
נָבָ֥לNabalN · נָבָל (H5037)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבָל (H5037) 'Nabal'.
הַֽכַּרְמְלִֽיCarmeliteart + N gentilic m sg abs · כַּרְמְלִי (H3761)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמְלִי (H3761) 'Carmelite'.
3

וַאֲנָשָׁ֧יו אֲשֶׁר עִמּ֛וֹ הֶעֱלָ֥ה דָוִ֖ד אִ֣ישׁ וּבֵית֑וֹ וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּ בְּעָרֵ֥י חֶבְרֽוֹן

And his men that with him did David bring up, every man with his household: and they dwelt in the cities of Hebron.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'that rises'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַאֲנָשָׁ֧יוa manconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עִמּ֛וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
הֶעֱלָ֥הthat risesHiphil perf 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'that rises'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וּבֵית֑וֹand his householdconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and his household'.
וַיֵּשְׁב֖וּand settledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and settled'.
בְּעָרֵ֥יin the cities ofprep + N com f pl constr · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'in the cities of'.
חֶבְרֽוֹןHebronN · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'Hebron'.
4

וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙ אַנְשֵׁ֣י יְהוּדָ֔ה וַיִּמְשְׁחוּ שָׁ֧ם אֶת דָּוִ֛ד לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עַל בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיַּגִּ֤דוּ לְדָוִד֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר אַנְשֵׁי֙ יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֔ד אֲשֶׁ֥ר קָבְר֖וּ אֶת שָׁאֽוּל

And the men of Judah came, and there they anointed David king over the house of Judah. And they told David, saying, the men of Jabeshgilead that buried Saul.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיָּבֹ֨אוּ֙and they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אַנְשֵׁ֣יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיִּמְשְׁחוּand you shall anointconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · מָשַׁח (H4886)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָשַׁח (H4886) 'and you shall anoint'.
שָׁ֧םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֛דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לְמֶ֖לֶךְto the king ofprep + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'to the king of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוּדָ֑הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיַּגִּ֤דוּand reportedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and reported'.
לְדָוִד֙toprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
לֵאמֹ֔רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
אַנְשֵׁי֙the men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
יָבֵ֣ישׁJabesh-gileadN · יָבֵשׁ (H3003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָבֵשׁ (H3003) 'Jabesh-gilead'.
גִּלְעָ֔דGileadN · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
קָבְר֖וּthey buriedQal perf 3cp · קָבַר (H6912)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָבַר (H6912) 'they buried'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שָׁאֽוּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
5

וַיִּשְׁלַ֤ח דָּוִד֙ מַלְאָכִ֔ים אֶל אַנְשֵׁ֖י יָבֵ֣ישׁ גִּלְעָ֑ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם בְּרֻכִ֤ים אַתֶּם֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֜ם הַחֶ֣סֶד הַזֶּ֗ה עִם אֲדֹֽנֵיכֶם֙ עִם שָׁא֔וּל וַֽתִּקְבְּר֖וּ אֹתֽוֹ

And David sent messengers to the men of Jabeshgilead, and said to them, Blessed you of YHWH, that you have shewed this kindness to your lord, to Saul, and have buried him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּשְׁלַ֤חand he sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מַלְאָכִ֔יםmessengersN c · מַלְאָךְ (H4397)Construct chain (genitival)מַלְאָךְ (H4397) 'messengers'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַנְשֵׁ֖יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
יָבֵ֣ישׁJabesh-gileadN · יָבֵשׁ (H3003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָבֵשׁ (H3003) 'Jabesh-gilead'.
גִּלְעָ֑דGileadN · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲלֵיהֶ֗םto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
בְּרֻכִ֤יםblessedQal ptc mp · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'blessed'.
אַתֶּם֙youpron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עֲשִׂיתֶ֜םyou have doneQal perf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
הַחֶ֣סֶדthe steadfast loveart + N com m sg abs · חֶסֶד (H2617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'the steadfast love'.
הַזֶּ֗הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אֲדֹֽנֵיכֶם֙my lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַֽתִּקְבְּר֖וּand he was buriedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2mp · קָבַר (H6912)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַר (H6912) 'and he was buried'.
אֹתֽוֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
6

וְעַתָּ֕ה יַֽעַשׂ יְהוָ֥ה עִמָּכֶ֖ם חֶ֣סֶד וֶאֱמֶ֑ת וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִ֗י אֶעֱשֶׂ֤ה אִתְּכֶם֙ הַטּוֹבָ֣ה הַזֹּ֔את אֲשֶׁ֥ר עֲשִׂיתֶ֖ם הַדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּֽה

And now YHWH shew kindness and truth to you: and I also will requite you this kindness, because you have done this thing.

Jussive — volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'to do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְעַתָּ֕הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
יַֽעַשׂto doQal jussive 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עִמָּכֶ֖םwith youprep + sfx 2mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
חֶ֣סֶדkindnessN c · חֶסֶד (H2617)Construct chain (genitival)חֶסֶד (H2617) 'kindness'.
וֶאֱמֶ֑תand faithfulnessconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אֱמֶת (H571)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמֶת (H571) 'and faithfulness'.
וְגַ֣םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
אָנֹכִ֗יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
אֶעֱשֶׂ֤הI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
אִתְּכֶם֙with youprep + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
הַטּוֹבָ֣הthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
הַזֹּ֔אתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עֲשִׂיתֶ֖םyou have doneQal perf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
הַדָּבָ֥רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
הַזֶּֽהthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
7

וְעַתָּ֣ה תֶּחֱזַ֣קְנָה יְדֵיכֶ֗ם וִֽהְיוּ֙ לִבְנֵי חַ֔יִל כִּי מֵ֖ת אֲדֹנֵיכֶ֣ם שָׁא֑וּל וְגַם אֹתִ֗י מָשְׁח֧וּ בֵית יְהוּדָ֛ה לְמֶ֖לֶךְ עֲלֵיהֶֽם

Therefore now let your hands be strengthened, and be you valiant: for your master Saul is dead, and also the house of Judah have anointed me king over them.

Jussive — volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'be strong'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְעַתָּ֣הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
תֶּחֱזַ֣קְנָהbe strongQal jussive 3fp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
יְדֵיכֶ֗םyour handsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'your hands'.
וִֽהְיוּ֙and they shall beconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָיָה (H1961) 'and they shall be'.
לִבְנֵיof the sons ofprep + N com m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'of the sons of'.
חַ֔יִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מֵ֖תdiedQal perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'died'.
אֲדֹנֵיכֶ֣םmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְגַםand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
אֹתִ֗יmeobj marker + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'me'.
מָשְׁח֧וּhis anointingQal perf 3cp · מָשַׁח (H4886)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָשַׁח (H4886) 'his anointing'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוּדָ֛הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לְמֶ֖לֶךְto the king ofprep + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'to the king of'.
עֲלֵיהֶֽםupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
8

וְאַבְנֵ֣ר בֶּן נֵ֔ר שַׂר צָבָ֖א אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְשָׁא֑וּל לָקַ֗ח אֶת אִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֨שֶׁת֙ בֶּן שָׁא֔וּל וַיַּעֲבִרֵ֖הוּ מַחֲנָֽיִם

But Abner the son of Ner, captain of Saul's host, took Ishbosheth the son of Saul, and brought him over to Mahanaim;

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְאַבְנֵ֣רandconj וְ + N proper · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
נֵ֔רNerN · נֵר (H5369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֵר (H5369) 'Ner'.
שַׂרchief ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
צָבָ֖אto warN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'to war'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לְשָׁא֑וּלof Shaulprep + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'of Shaul'.
לָקַ֗חhe tookQal perf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָקַח (H3947) 'he took'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִ֥ישׁIsh-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֹּ֨שֶׁת֙Ish-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַיַּעֲבִרֵ֖הוּare crossingconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
מַחֲנָֽיִםMahanaimN · מַחֲנַיִם (H4266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנַיִם (H4266) 'Mahanaim'.
9

וַיַּמְלִכֵ֨הוּ֙ אֶל הַגִּלְעָ֔ד וְאֶל הָאֲשׁוּרִ֖י וְאֶֽל יִזְרְעֶ֑אל וְעַל אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙ וְעַל בִּנְיָמִ֔ן וְעַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל כֻּלֹּֽה

And made him king over Gilead, and over the Ashurites, and over Jezreel, and over Ephraim, and over Benjamin, and over all Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and reigned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיַּמְלִכֵ֨הוּ֙and reignedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַגִּלְעָ֔דGileadart + N proper · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
הָאֲשׁוּרִ֖יAsshurimart + N gentilic m sg abs · אַשּׁוּרִם (H805)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשּׁוּרִם (H805) 'Asshurim'.
וְאֶֽלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
יִזְרְעֶ֑אלJezreelN · יִזְרְעֶאל (H3157)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִזְרְעֶאל (H3157) 'Jezreel'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אֶפְרַ֨יִם֙EphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
בִּנְיָמִ֔ןBenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כֻּלֹּֽהall of itN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of it'.
10

בֶּן אַרְבָּעִ֨ים שָׁנָ֜ה אִֽישׁ בֹּ֣שֶׁת בֶּן שָׁא֗וּל בְּמָלְכוֹ֙ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וּשְׁתַּ֥יִם שָׁנִ֖ים מָלָ֑ךְ אַ֚ךְ בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֔ה הָי֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י דָוִֽד

Ishbosheth Saul's son forty years old when he began to reign over Israel, and reigned two years. But the house of Judah followed David.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and reigned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אַרְבָּעִ֨יםfortyAdj · אַרְבָּעִים (H705)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבָּעִים (H705) 'forty'.
שָׁנָ֜הyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
אִֽישׁIsh-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֹּ֣שֶׁתIsh-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֗וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
בְּמָלְכוֹ֙and reignedprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וּשְׁתַּ֥יִםand twoconj וְ + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'and two'.
שָׁנִ֖יםyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
מָלָ֑ךְreignedQal perf 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַךְ (H4427) 'reigned'.
אַ֚ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
הָי֖וּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
אַחֲרֵ֥יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
דָוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
11

וַֽיְהִי֙ מִסְפַּ֣ר הַיָּמִ֔ים אֲשֶׁר֩ הָיָ֨ה דָוִ֥ד מֶ֛לֶךְ בְּחֶבְר֖וֹן עַל בֵּ֣ית יְהוּדָ֑ה שֶׁ֥בַע שָׁנִ֖ים וְשִׁשָּׁ֥ה חֳדָשִֽׁים

And the time that David was king in Hebron over the house of Judah was seven years and six months.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַֽיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
מִסְפַּ֣רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
הַיָּמִ֔יםthe daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days'.
אֲשֶׁר֩thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָיָ֨הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
דָוִ֥דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מֶ֛לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בְּחֶבְר֖וֹןat Hebronprep + N proper · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'at Hebron'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוּדָ֑הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
שֶׁ֥בַעsevenAdj · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'.
שָׁנִ֖יםyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
וְשִׁשָּׁ֥הand sixconj וְ + Adj c · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'and six'.
חֳדָשִֽׁיםmonthsN c · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Construct chain (genitival)חֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'months'.
12

וַיֵּצֵא֙ אַבְנֵ֣ר בֶּן נֵ֔ר וְעַבְדֵ֖י אִֽישׁ בֹּ֣שֶׁת בֶּן שָׁא֑וּל מִֽמַּחֲנַ֖יִם גִּבְעֽוֹנָה

And Abner the son of Ner, and the servants of Ishbosheth the son of Saul, went out from Mahanaim to Gibeon.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיֵּצֵא֙and he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
אַבְנֵ֣רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
נֵ֔רNerN · נֵר (H5369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֵר (H5369) 'Ner'.
וְעַבְדֵ֖יbut my servantconj וְ + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'but my servant'.
אִֽישׁIsh-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֹּ֣שֶׁתIsh-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
מִֽמַּחֲנַ֖יִםfrom Mahanaimprep + N proper · מַחֲנַיִם (H4266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנַיִם (H4266) 'from Mahanaim'.
גִּבְעֽוֹנָהGibeonN · גִּבְעוֹן (H1391)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעוֹן (H1391) 'Gibeon'.
13

וְיוֹאָ֨ב בֶּן צְרוּיָ֜ה וְעַבְדֵ֤י דָוִד֙ יָֽצְא֔וּ וַֽיִּפְגְּשׁ֛וּם עַל בְּרֵכַ֥ת גִּבְע֖וֹן יַחְדָּ֑ו וַיֵּ֨שְׁב֜וּ אֵ֤לֶּה עַל הַבְּרֵכָה֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְאֵ֥לֶּה עַל הַבְּרֵכָ֖ה מִזֶּֽה

And Joab the son of Zeruiah, and the servants of David, went out, and met together by the pool of Gibeon: and they sat down, the one on the one side of the pool, and the other on the other side of the pool.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְיוֹאָ֨בJoabconj וְ + N proper · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֜הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
וְעַבְדֵ֤יbut my servantconj וְ + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'but my servant'.
דָוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
יָֽצְא֔וּwent outQal perf 3cp · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'went out'.
וַֽיִּפְגְּשׁ֛וּםand he met himconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3mp · פָּגַשׁ (H6298)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּגַשׁ (H6298) 'and he met him'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בְּרֵכַ֥ת(fish-) poolN c · בְּרֵכָה (H1295)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרֵכָה (H1295) '(fish-) pool'.
גִּבְע֖וֹןGibeonN · גִּבְעוֹן (H1391)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעוֹן (H1391) 'Gibeon'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
וַיֵּ֨שְׁב֜וּand settledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and settled'.
אֵ֤לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַבְּרֵכָה֙(fish-) poolart + N com f sg abs · בְּרֵכָה (H1295)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרֵכָה (H1295) '(fish-) pool'.
מִזֶּ֔הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
וְאֵ֥לֶּהand theseconj וְ + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'and these'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַבְּרֵכָ֖ה(fish-) poolart + N com f sg abs · בְּרֵכָה (H1295)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּרֵכָה (H1295) '(fish-) pool'.
מִזֶּֽהfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
14

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אַבְנֵר֙ אֶל יוֹאָ֔ב יָק֤וּמוּ נָא֙ הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וִֽישַׂחֲק֖וּ לְפָנֵ֑ינוּ וַיֹּ֥אמֶר יוֹאָ֖ב יָקֻֽמוּ

And Abner said to Joab, Let the young men now arise, and play before us. And Joab said, Let them arise.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אַבְנֵר֙AbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יוֹאָ֔בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
יָק֤וּמוּwill ariseQal jussive 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalקוּם (H6965) 'will arise'.
נָא֙pleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
הַנְּעָרִ֔יםthe young menart + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the young men'.
וִֽישַׂחֲק֖וּandconj וְ + Piel impf 3mp · שָׂחַק (H7832)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׂחַק (H7832) 'and'.
לְפָנֵ֑ינוּbefore usprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cp · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before us'.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יוֹאָ֖בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
יָקֻֽמוּshall standQal jussive 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalקוּם (H6965) 'shall stand'.
15

וַיָּקֻ֖מוּ וַיַּעַבְר֣וּ בְמִסְפָּ֑ר שְׁנֵ֧ים עָשָׂ֣ר לְבִנְיָמִ֗ן וּלְאִ֥ישׁ בֹּ֨שֶׁת֙ בֶּן שָׁא֔וּל וּשְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר מֵעַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד

Then there arose and went over by number twelve of Benjamin, which to Ishbosheth the son of Saul, and twelve of the servants of David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיָּקֻ֖מוּand they aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and they arose'.
וַיַּעַבְר֣וּand they passed throughconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and they passed through'.
בְמִסְפָּ֑רby the number ofprep + N com m sg abs · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'by the number of'.
שְׁנֵ֧יםtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
עָשָׂ֣ר-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
לְבִנְיָמִ֗ןof Benjaminprep + N proper · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'of Benjamin'.
וּלְאִ֥ישׁandconj וְ + prep + N proper · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'and'.
בֹּ֨שֶׁת֙Ish-boshethN · אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ־בֹּשֶׁת (H378) 'Ish-bosheth'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וּשְׁנֵ֥יםand twoconj וְ + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'and two'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
מֵעַבְדֵ֥יamong the servants ofprep + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'among the servants of'.
דָוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
16

וַֽיַּחֲזִ֜קוּ אִ֣ישׁ בְּרֹ֣אשׁ רֵעֵ֗הוּ וְחַרְבּוֹ֙ בְּצַ֣ד רֵעֵ֔הוּ וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּ יַחְדָּ֑ו וַיִּקְרָא֙ לַמָּק֣וֹם הַה֔וּא חֶלְקַ֥ת הַצֻּרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בְּגִבְעֽוֹן

And they caught every one his fellow by the head, and his sword in his fellow's side; so they fell down together: wherefore that place was called Helkathhazzurim, which in Gibeon.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they seized'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַֽיַּחֲזִ֜קוּand they seizedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָזַק (H2388) 'and they seized'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בְּרֹ֣אשׁon the top ofprep + N com m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'on the top of'.
רֵעֵ֗הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
וְחַרְבּוֹ֙and his swordconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'and his sword'.
בְּצַ֣דfrom its sidesprep + N com m sg constr · צַד (H6654)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צַד (H6654) 'from its sides'.
רֵעֵ֔הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
וַֽיִּפְּל֖וּand they fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
יַחְדָּ֑וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
וַיִּקְרָא֙and he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
לַמָּק֣וֹםthe placeprep + art + N com m sg abs · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'the place'.
הַה֔וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
חֶלְקַ֥תHelkath-hazzurimN · חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים (H2521)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים (H2521) 'Helkath-hazzurim'.
הַצֻּרִ֖יםHelkath-hazzurimN · חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים (H2521)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְקַת הַצֻּרִים (H2521) 'Helkath-hazzurim'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּגִבְעֽוֹןat Gibeonprep + N proper · גִּבְעוֹן (H1391)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעוֹן (H1391) 'at Gibeon'.
17

וַתְּהִ֧י הַמִּלְחָמָ֛ה קָשָׁ֥ה עַד מְאֹ֖ד בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֑וּא וַיִּנָּ֤גֶף אַבְנֵר֙ וְאַנְשֵׁ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לִפְנֵ֖י עַבְדֵ֥י דָוִֽד

And there was a very sore battle that day; and Abner was beaten, and the men of Israel, before the servants of David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַתְּהִ֧יand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֛הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
קָשָׁ֥הhardAdj · קָשֶׁה (H7186)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָשֶׁה (H7186) 'hard'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מְאֹ֖דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֑וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
וַיִּנָּ֤גֶףyou be struck downconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַף (H5062)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַף (H5062) 'you be struck down'.
אַבְנֵר֙AbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וְאַנְשֵׁ֣יand the men ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and the men of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לִפְנֵ֖יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
עַבְדֵ֥יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
דָוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
18

וַיִּֽהְיוּ שָׁ֗ם שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙ קַ֣ל בְּרַגְלָ֔יו כְּאַחַ֥ד הַצְּבָיִ֖ם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּׂדֶֽה

And there were three sons of Zeruiah there, Joab, and Abishai, and Asahel: and Asahel light of foot as a wild roe.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they were'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּֽהְיוּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and they were'.
שָׁ֗םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
צְרוּיָ֔הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
יוֹאָ֥בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
וַאֲבִישַׁ֖יandconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'and'.
וַעֲשָׂהאֵ֑לandconj וְ + N proper · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'and'.
וַעֲשָׂהאֵל֙andconj וְ + N proper · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'and'.
קַ֣לlightAdj · קַל (H7031)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַל (H7031) 'light'.
בְּרַגְלָ֔יוon footprep + N com f du constr + sfx 3ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'on foot'.
כְּאַחַ֥דlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'like one of'.
הַצְּבָיִ֖םas the gazelleart + N com c pl abs · צְבִי (H6643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְבִי (H6643) 'as the gazelle'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בַּשָּׂדֶֽהin the fieldprep + art + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'in the field'.
19

וַיִּרְדֹּ֥ף עֲשָׂהאֵ֖ל אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְלֹֽא נָטָ֣ה לָלֶ֗כֶת עַל הַיָּמִין֙ וְעַֽל הַשְּׂמֹ֔אול מֵאַחֲרֵ֖י אַבְנֵֽר

And Asahel pursued after Abner; and in going he turned not to the right hand nor to the left from following Abner.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he pursued'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיִּרְדֹּ֥ףand he pursuedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָדַף (H7291) 'and he pursued'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֖לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אַבְנֵ֑רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נָטָ֣הstretch outQal perf 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לָלֶ֗כֶתto goprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'to go'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַיָּמִין֙the rightart + N com f sg abs · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
וְעַֽלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
הַשְּׂמֹ֔אולor leftart + N com m sg abs · שְׂמֹאל (H8040)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׂמֹאל (H8040) 'or left'.
מֵאַחֲרֵ֖יfrom followingprep + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from following'.
אַבְנֵֽרAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
20

וַיִּ֤פֶן אַבְנֵר֙ אַֽחֲרָ֔יו וַיֹּ֕אמֶר הַאַתָּ֥ה זֶ֖ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֑ל וַיֹּ֖אמֶר אָנֹֽכִי

Then Abner looked behind him, and said, you Asahel? And he answered, I .

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he turned'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיִּ֤פֶןand he turnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · פָּנָה (H6437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּנָה (H6437) 'and he turned'.
אַבְנֵר֙AbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
אַֽחֲרָ֔יוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
וַיֹּ֕אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַאַתָּ֥הare you reallyinterrog. + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'are you really'.
זֶ֖הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֑לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אָנֹֽכִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
21

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר ל֣וֹ אַבְנֵ֗ר נְטֵ֤ה לְךָ֙ עַל יְמִֽינְךָ֙ א֣וֹ עַל שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָ וֶאֱחֹ֣ז לְךָ֗ אֶחָד֙ מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְקַח לְךָ֖ אֶת חֲלִצָת֑וֹ וְלֹֽא אָבָ֣ה עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל לָס֖וּר מֵאַחֲרָֽיו

And Abner said to him, Turn you aside to your right hand or to your left, and lay you hold on one of the young men, and take you his armour. But Asahel would not turn aside from following of him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
ל֣וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אַבְנֵ֗רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
נְטֵ֤הstretch outQal impv 2ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָטָה (H5186) 'stretch out'.
לְךָ֙to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְמִֽינְךָ֙Your right hand,N c · יָמִין (H3225)Construct chain (genitival)יָמִין (H3225) 'Your right hand,'.
א֣וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׂמֹאלֶ֔ךָor leftN c · שְׂמֹאל (H8040)Construct chain (genitival)שְׂמֹאל (H8040) 'or left'.
וֶאֱחֹ֣זand grasp!conj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · אָחַז (H270)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָחַז (H270) 'and grasp!'.
לְךָ֗to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֶחָד֙oneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
מֵֽהַנְּעָרִ֔יםthe boyprep + art + N com m pl abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
וְקַחand takeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeלָקַח (H3947) 'and take'.
לְךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֲלִצָת֑וֹstripped spoilN c · חֲלִיצָה (H2488)Construct chain (genitival)חֲלִיצָה (H2488) 'stripped spoil'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָבָ֣הhe was willingQal perf 3ms · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֔לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
לָס֖וּרhe shall remove itprep + Qal inf constr · סוּר (H5493)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
מֵאַחֲרָֽיוfrom behind himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from behind him'.
22

וַיֹּ֧סֶף ע֣וֹד אַבְנֵ֗ר לֵאמֹר֙ אֶל עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל ס֥וּר לְךָ֖ מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑י לָ֤מָּה אַכֶּ֨כָּה֙ אַ֔רְצָה וְאֵיךְ֙ אֶשָּׂ֣א פָנַ֔י אֶל יוֹאָ֖ב אָחִֽיךָ

And Abner said again to Asahel, Turn you aside from following me: wherefore should I smite you to the ground? how then should I hold up my face to Joab your brother?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'then he shall add'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּ֧סֶףthen he shall addconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָסַף (H3254) 'then he shall add'.
ע֣וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אַבְנֵ֗רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
לֵאמֹר֙sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֔לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
ס֥וּרturn asideQal impv 2ms · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'turn aside'.
לְךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מֵאַֽחֲרָ֑יfrom followingprep + prep + sfx 1cs · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from following'.
לָ֤מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
אַכֶּ֨כָּה֙and he struckHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 2ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אַ֔רְצָהto the groundN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'to the ground'.
וְאֵיךְ֙and howconj וְ + interrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Particle or relational elementאֵיכָה (H349) 'and how'.
אֶשָּׂ֣אcan I bearQal impf 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשָׂא (H5375) 'can I bear'.
פָנַ֔יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יוֹאָ֖בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
אָחִֽיךָyour brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'your brother'.
23

וַיְמָאֵ֣ן לָס֗וּר וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּ אַבְנֵר֩ בְּאַחֲרֵ֨י הַחֲנִ֜ית אֶל הַחֹ֗מֶשׁ וַתֵּצֵ֤א הַֽחֲנִית֙ מֵאַחֲרָ֔יו וַיִּפָּל שָׁ֖ם וַיָּ֣מָת תחתו תַּחְתָּ֑יו וַיְהִ֡י כָּל הַבָּ֣א אֶֽל הַמָּקוֹם֩ אֲשֶׁר נָ֨פַל שָׁ֧ם עֲשָׂהאֵ֛ל וַיָּמֹ֖ת וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽדוּ

Howbeit he refused to turn aside: wherefore Abner with the hinder end of the spear smote him under the fifth , that the spear came out behind him; and he fell down there, and died in the same place: and it came to pass, as many as came to the place where Asahel fell down and died stood still.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he refused'.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
וַיְמָאֵ֣ןand he refusedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · מָאֵן (H3985)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָאֵן (H3985) 'and he refused'.
לָס֗וּרhe shall remove itprep + Qal inf constr · סוּר (H5493)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
וַיַּכֵּ֣הוּand he struck himconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck him'.
אַבְנֵר֩AbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
בְּאַחֲרֵ֨יafterprep + N com m pl constr · אַחַר (H310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחַר (H310) 'after'.
הַחֲנִ֜יתjavelinart + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַחֹ֗מֶשׁfifthart + N com m sg abs · חֹמֶשׁ (H2570)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹמֶשׁ (H2570) 'fifth'.
וַתֵּצֵ֤אcame outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'came out'.
הַֽחֲנִית֙javelinart + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
מֵאַחֲרָ֔יוfrom behind himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from behind him'.
וַיִּפָּלand he fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
שָׁ֖םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
וַיָּ֣מָתand he diedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
תחתוunderprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
תַּחְתָּ֑יוin his placeprep + sfx 3ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'in his place'.
וַיְהִ֡יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַבָּ֣אcomesart + Qal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'comes'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמָּקוֹם֩the placeart + N com m sg abs · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'the place'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נָ֨פַלfallenQal perf 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'fallen'.
שָׁ֧םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֛לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
וַיָּמֹ֖תand he diedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
וַֽיַּעֲמֹֽדוּand they stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and they stood'.
24

וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּ יוֹאָ֥ב וַאֲבִישַׁ֖י אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֑ר וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁ בָּ֔אָה וְהֵ֗מָּה בָּ֚אוּ עַד גִּבְעַ֣ת אַמָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל פְּנֵי גִ֔יחַ דֶּ֖רֶךְ מִדְבַּ֥ר גִּבְעֽוֹן

Joab also and Abishai pursued after Abner: and the sun went down when they were come to the hill of Ammah, that before Giah by the way of the wilderness of Gibeon.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they pursued'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַֽיִּרְדְּפ֛וּand they pursuedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָדַף (H7291) 'and they pursued'.
יוֹאָ֥בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
וַאֲבִישַׁ֖יandconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'and'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אַבְנֵ֑רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וְהַשֶּׁ֣מֶשׁthe sunconj וְ + art + N com c sg abs · שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121) 'the sun'.
בָּ֔אָהhas comeQal perf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'has come'.
וְהֵ֗מָּהnow theyconj וְ + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'now they'.
בָּ֚אוּcameQal perf 3cp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
גִּבְעַ֣תthe hills ofN c · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Construct chain (genitival)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills of'.
אַמָּ֔הAmmahN · אַמָּה (H522)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַמָּה (H522) 'Ammah'.
אֲשֶׁר֙thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פְּנֵיthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
גִ֔יחַGiahN · גִּיחַ (H1520)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּיחַ (H1520) 'Giah'.
דֶּ֖רֶךְthe way ofN c · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Construct chain (genitival)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'the way of'.
מִדְבַּ֥רthe wilderness ofN c · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Construct chain (genitival)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'the wilderness of'.
גִּבְעֽוֹןGibeonN · גִּבְעוֹן (H1391)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעוֹן (H1391) 'Gibeon'.
25

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּ בְנֵֽי בִנְיָמִן֙ אַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיִּהְי֖וּ לַאֲגֻדָּ֣ה אֶחָ֑ת וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּ עַ֥ל רֹאשׁ גִּבְעָ֖ה אֶחָֽת

And the children of Benjamin gathered themselves together after Abner, and became one troop, and stood on the top of an hill.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they gathered themselves together'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֤וּand they gathered themselves togetherconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַץ (H6908) 'and they gathered themselves together'.
בְנֵֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בִנְיָמִן֙BenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אַבְנֵ֔רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וַיִּהְי֖וּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and they were'.
לַאֲגֻדָּ֣הa bunch ofprep + N com f sg abs · אֲגֻדָה (H92)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲגֻדָה (H92) 'a bunch of'.
אֶחָ֑תoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
וַיַּ֣עַמְד֔וּand they stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and they stood'.
עַ֥לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹאשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
גִּבְעָ֖הthe hills ofN c · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Construct chain (genitival)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills of'.
אֶחָֽתoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
26

וַיִּקְרָ֨א אַבְנֵ֜ר אֶל יוֹאָ֗ב וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ הֲלָנֶ֨צַח֙ תֹּ֣אכַל חֶ֔רֶב הֲל֣וֹא יָדַ֔עְתָּה כִּֽי מָרָ֥ה תִהְיֶ֖ה בָּאַחֲרוֹנָ֑ה וְעַד מָתַי֙ לֹֽא תֹאמַ֣ר לָעָ֔ם לָשׁ֖וּב מֵאַחֲרֵ֥י אֲחֵיהֶֽם

Then Abner called to Joab, and said, Shall the sword devour for ever? knowest you not that it will be bitterness in the latter end? how long shall it be then, ere you bid the people return from following their brethren?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּקְרָ֨אand he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
אַבְנֵ֜רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יוֹאָ֗בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הֲלָנֶ֨צַח֙alwayinterrog. + prep + N com m sg abs · נֶצַח (H5331)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
תֹּ֣אכַלyou shall eatQal impf 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
חֶ֔רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
הֲל֣וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
יָדַ֔עְתָּהI knowQal perf 2ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מָרָ֥הof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
תִהְיֶ֖הshall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
בָּאַחֲרוֹנָ֑הafterwardprep + art + Adj · אַחֲרוֹן (H314)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרוֹן (H314) 'afterward'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
מָתַי֙wheninterrog. · מָתַי (H4970)Particle or relational elementמָתַי (H4970) 'when'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֹאמַ֣רyou shall sayQal impf 2ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'you shall say'.
לָעָ֔םas a peopleprep + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'as a people'.
לָשׁ֖וּבto returnprep + Qal inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to return'.
מֵאַחֲרֵ֥יfrom followingprep + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from following'.
אֲחֵיהֶֽםtheir brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'their brothers'.
27

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר יוֹאָ֔ב חַ֚י הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔ים כִּ֥י לוּלֵ֖א דִּבַּ֑רְתָּ כִּ֣י אָ֤ז מֵֽהַבֹּ֨קֶר֙ נַעֲלָ֣ה הָעָ֔ם אִ֖ישׁ מֵאַחֲרֵ֥י אָחִֽיו

And Joab said, God liveth, unless you had spoken, surely then in the morning the people had gone up every one from following his brother.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יוֹאָ֔בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
חַ֚יaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
הָֽאֱלֹהִ֔יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לוּלֵ֖אif not / unlessconj וְ · לוּלֵי (H3884)Particle or relational elementלוּלֵי (H3884) 'if not / unless'.
דִּבַּ֑רְתָּyou have spokenPiel perf 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'you have spoken'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָ֤זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
מֵֽהַבֹּ֨קֶר֙in the morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
נַעֲלָ֣הwe will go upN · עָלָה (H5927)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָלָה (H5927) 'we will go up'.
הָעָ֔םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מֵאַחֲרֵ֥יfrom followingprep + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from following'.
אָחִֽיוhis brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
28

וַיִּתְקַ֤ע יוֹאָב֙ בַּשּׁוֹפָ֔ר וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙ כָּל הָעָ֔ם וְלֹֽא יִרְדְּפ֥וּ ע֖וֹד אַחֲרֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וְלֹֽא יָסְפ֥וּ ע֖וֹד לְהִלָּחֵֽם

So Joab blew a trumpet, and all the people stood still, and pursued after Israel no more, neither fought they any more.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he blew'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּתְקַ֤עand he blewconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · תָּקַע (H8628)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceתָּקַע (H8628) 'and he blew'.
יוֹאָב֙JoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בַּשּׁוֹפָ֔רthe trumpetprep + art + N com m sg abs · שׁוֹפָר (H7782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוֹפָר (H7782) 'the trumpet'.
וַיַּֽעַמְדוּ֙and they stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and they stood'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעָ֔םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יִרְדְּפ֥וּshall pursueQal impf 3mp · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָדַף (H7291) 'shall pursue'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָסְפ֥וּshall againQal perf 3cp · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָסַף (H3254) 'shall again'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
לְהִלָּחֵֽםto fightprep + Niphal inf constr · לָחַם (H3898)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
29

וְאַבְנֵ֣ר וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֗יו הָֽלְכוּ֙ בָּֽעֲרָבָ֔ה כֹּ֖ל הַלַּ֣יְלָה הַה֑וּא וַיַּעַבְר֣וּ אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ן וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙ כָּל הַבִּתְר֔וֹן וַיָּבֹ֖אוּ מַחֲנָֽיִם

And Abner and his men walked all that night through the plain, and passed over Jordan, and went through all Bithron, and they came to Mahanaim.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'walked'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְאַבְנֵ֣רandconj וְ + N proper · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'and'.
וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֗יוa manconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
הָֽלְכוּ֙walkedQal perf 3cp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walked'.
בָּֽעֲרָבָ֔הin the Arabahprep + art + N com f sg abs · עֲרָבָה (H6160)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲרָבָה (H6160) 'in the Arabah'.
כֹּ֖לallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַלַּ֣יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'the night'.
הַה֑וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
וַיַּעַבְר֣וּand they passed throughconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and they passed through'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֗ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
וַיֵּֽלְכוּ֙and they wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and they went'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַבִּתְר֔וֹןBithronart + N proper · בִּתְרוֹן (H1338)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּתְרוֹן (H1338) 'Bithron'.
וַיָּבֹ֖אוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
מַחֲנָֽיִםMahanaimN · מַחֲנַיִם (H4266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנַיִם (H4266) 'Mahanaim'.
30

וְיוֹאָ֗ב שָׁ֚ב מֵאַחֲרֵ֣י אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיִּקְבֹּ֖ץ אֶת כָּל הָעָ֑ם וַיִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּ מֵעַבְדֵ֥י דָוִ֛ד תִּשְׁעָֽה עָשָׂ֥ר אִ֖ישׁ וַעֲשָׂה אֵֽל

And Joab returned from following Abner: and when he had gathered all the people together, there lacked of David's servants nineteen men and Asahel.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'return!'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְיוֹאָ֗בJoabconj וְ + N proper · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
שָׁ֚בreturn!Qal perf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשׁוּב (H7725) 'return!'.
מֵאַחֲרֵ֣יfrom followingprep + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'from following'.
אַבְנֵ֔רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וַיִּקְבֹּ֖ץand he gatheredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַץ (H6908) 'and he gathered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעָ֑םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
וַיִּפָּ֨קְד֜וּtheir mustered (men)conj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּקַד (H6485) 'their mustered (men)'.
מֵעַבְדֵ֥יamong the servants ofprep + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'among the servants of'.
דָוִ֛דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
תִּשְׁעָֽהnineAdj · תֵּשַׁע (H8672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֵּשַׁע (H8672) 'nine'.
עָשָׂ֥ר-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וַעֲשָׂהandconj וְ + N proper · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'and'.
אֵֽלGodN · אֵל (H410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵל (H410) 'God'.
31

וְעַבְדֵ֣י דָוִ֗ד הִכּוּ֙ מִבִּנְיָמִ֔ן וּבְאַנְשֵׁ֖י אַבְנֵ֑ר שְׁלֹשׁ מֵא֧וֹת וְשִׁשִּׁ֛ים אִ֖ישׁ מֵֽתוּ

But the servants of David had smitten of Benjamin, and of Abner's men, three hundred and threescore men died.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'they struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְעַבְדֵ֣יbut my servantconj וְ + N com m pl constr · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'but my servant'.
דָוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הִכּוּ֙they struckHiphil perf 3cp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'they struck'.
מִבִּנְיָמִ֔ןBenjaminprep + N proper · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
וּבְאַנְשֵׁ֖יa manconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אַבְנֵ֑רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
שְׁלֹשׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵא֧וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
וְשִׁשִּׁ֛יםand sixtyconj וְ + Adj c · שִׁשִּׁים (H8346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁשִּׁים (H8346) 'and sixty'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מֵֽתוּthey diedQal perf 3cp · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'they died'.
32

וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת עֲשָׂהאֵ֔ל וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֨הוּ֙ בְּקֶ֣בֶר אָבִ֔יו אֲשֶׁ֖ר בֵּ֣ית לָ֑חֶם וַיֵּלְכ֣וּ כָל הַלַּ֗יְלָה יוֹאָב֙ וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יו וַיֵּאֹ֥ר לָהֶ֖ם בְּחֶבְרֽוֹן

And they took up Asahel, and buried him in the sepulchre of his father, which Bethlehem. And Joab and his men went all night, and they came to Hebron at break of day.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they lifted up'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙and they lifted upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they lifted up'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עֲשָׂהאֵ֔לAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
וַֽיִּקְבְּרֻ֨הוּ֙and he was buriedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · קָבַר (H6912)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַר (H6912) 'and he was buried'.
בְּקֶ֣בֶרa graveprep + N com m sg constr · קֶבֶר (H6913)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'a grave'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בֵּ֣יתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָ֑חֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
וַיֵּלְכ֣וּand they wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and they went'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַלַּ֗יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'the night'.
יוֹאָב֙JoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
וַֽאֲנָשָׁ֔יוa manconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וַיֵּאֹ֥רyet it gave lightconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אוֹר (H215)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאוֹר (H215) 'yet it gave light'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
בְּחֶבְרֽוֹןat Hebronprep + N proper · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'at Hebron'.