Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Second Book of Samuel, Chapter 19שמואל ב 19

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

2 Samuel 19 (44 verses in the MT) opens: And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would God I had died for you, O Absalom, my son, my son! The middle of the chapter continues: And David said, What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah, that you should this day be adversaries to me? shall there any man be put to death this day in Israel? for do not I know that I this day king over Israel? It closes: And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more in David than you: why then did you despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 2 Samuel 19 comprises 44 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-9) — And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, a. And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would God I had died for you, O Absalom, my son, my son! And it was told Joab, Behold, the king weepeth and mourneth for Absalom. And the victory that day was into mourning to all the people: for the people. Movement II (vv. 10-18) — And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, s. And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and now he is fled out of the land for Absalom. And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle. Now therefore why speak you not a word of bringing the king back?. Movement III (vv. 19-27) — And there went over a ferry boat to carry over the king's household, and. And there went over a ferry boat to carry over the king's household, and to do what he thought good. And Shimei the son of Gera fell down before the king, as he was come over Jordan; And said to the king, Let not my lord impute iniquity to me, neither do you remember that which your servant did perversely the day that my lord the king went out of Jerusalem,. Movement IV (vv. 28-36) — And he has slandered your servant to my lord the king; but my lord the k. And he has slandered your servant to my lord the king; but my lord the king as an angel of God: do therefore good in your eyes. For all my father's house were but dead men before my lord the king: yet didst you set your servant among them that did eat at your own table. What right therefore have I yet to cry any more to the king? And the king said to him,. Movement V (vv. 37-44) — Your servant will go a little way over Jordan with the king: and why sho. Your servant will go a little way over Jordan with the king: and why should the king recompense it me with such a reward? Let your servant, I pray you, turn back again, that I may die in mine own city, by the grave of my father and of my mother. But behold your servant Chimham; let him go over with my lord the king; and do to him what shall seem good to. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיִּרְגַּ֣ז הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וַיַּ֛עַל עַל עֲלִיַּ֥ת הַשַּׁ֖עַר וַיֵּ֑בְךְּ וְכֹ֣ה אָמַ֣ר בְּלֶכְתּ֗וֹ בְּנִ֤י אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ בְּנִ֣י בְנִ֣י אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם מִֽי יִתֵּ֤ן מוּתִי֙ אֲנִ֣י תַחְתֶּ֔יךָ אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם בְּנִ֥י בְנִֽי

And the king was much moved, and went up to the chamber over the gate, and wept: and as he went, thus he said, O my son Absalom, my son, my son Absalom! would God I had died for you, O Absalom, my son, my son!

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and shall tremble'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיִּרְגַּ֣זand shall trembleconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָגַז (H7264)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָגַז (H7264) 'and shall tremble'.
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיַּ֛עַלand he went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֲלִיַּ֥תthe upper roomN c · עֲלִיָּה (H5944)Construct chain (genitival)עֲלִיָּה (H5944) 'the upper room'.
הַשַּׁ֖עַרthe gateart + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate'.
וַיֵּ֑בְךְּand he weptconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּכָה (H1058)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּכָה (H1058) 'and he wept'.
וְכֹ֣הand thusconj וְ + art · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'and thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
בְּלֶכְתּ֗וֹand he wentprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
בְּנִ֤יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אַבְשָׁלוֹם֙AbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
בְּנִ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בְנִ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אַבְשָׁל֔וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
מִֽיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יִתֵּ֤ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
מוּתִי֙and he diedQal inf constr + sfx 1cs · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
תַחְתֶּ֔יךָunder youprep + sfx 2ms · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under you'.
אַבְשָׁל֖וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
בְּנִ֥יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בְנִֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
2

וַיֻּגַּ֖ד לְיוֹאָ֑ב הִנֵּ֨ה הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ בֹּכֶ֛ה וַיִּתְאַבֵּ֖ל עַל אַבְשָׁלֹֽם

And it was told Joab, Behold, the king weepeth and mourneth for Absalom.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיֻּגַּ֖דand it was toldconj וְ + Hophal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לְיוֹאָ֑בJoabprep + N proper · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
הִנֵּ֨הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בֹּכֶ֛הcryingQal ptc ms · בָּכָה (H1058)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּכָה (H1058) 'crying'.
וַיִּתְאַבֵּ֖לand he mournedconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · אָבַל (H56)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָבַל (H56) 'and he mourned'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אַבְשָׁלֹֽםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
3

וַתְּהִ֨י הַתְּשֻׁעָ֜ה בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֛וּא לְאֵ֖בֶל לְכָל הָעָ֑ם כִּֽי שָׁמַ֣ע הָעָ֗ם בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר נֶעֱצַ֥ב הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ עַל בְּנֽוֹ

And the victory that day was into mourning to all the people: for the people heard say that day how the king was grieved for his son.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַתְּהִ֨יand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
הַתְּשֻׁעָ֜הdeliveranceart + N com f sg abs · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
בַּיּ֥וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֛וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
לְאֵ֖בֶלmourningprep + N com m sg abs · אֵבֶל (H60)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵבֶל (H60) 'mourning'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
הָעָ֑םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שָׁמַ֣עlistenQal perf 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
הָעָ֗םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
בַּיּ֤וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַהוּא֙thatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
לֵאמֹ֔רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
נֶעֱצַ֥בand were grievedN · עָצַב (H6087)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָצַב (H6087) 'and were grieved'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בְּנֽוֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
4

וַיִּתְגַּנֵּ֥ב הָעָ֛ם בַּיּ֥וֹם הַה֖וּא לָב֣וֹא הָעִ֑יר כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר יִתְגַּנֵּ֗ב הָעָם֙ הַנִּכְלָמִ֔ים בְּנוּסָ֖ם בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה

And the people gat them by stealth that day into the city, as people being ashamed steal away when they flee in battle.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you shall steal'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיִּתְגַּנֵּ֥בyou shall stealconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · גָּנַב (H1589)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּנַב (H1589) 'you shall steal'.
הָעָ֛םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
בַּיּ֥וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֖וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
לָב֣וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
הָעִ֑ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֣רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
יִתְגַּנֵּ֗בyou shall stealHithpael impf 3ms · גָּנַב (H1589)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּנַב (H1589) 'you shall steal'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הַנִּכְלָמִ֔יםyou have humiliated meprep + Niphal ptc mp · כָּלַם (H3637)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּלַם (H3637) 'you have humiliated me'.
בְּנוּסָ֖םand they fledprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · נוּס (H5127)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
בַּמִּלְחָמָֽהin the battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'in the battle'.
5

וְהַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לָאַ֣ט אֶת פָּנָ֔יו וַיִּזְעַ֥ק הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ ק֣וֹל גָּד֑וֹל בְּנִי֙ אַבְשָׁל֔וֹם אַבְשָׁל֖וֹם בְּנִ֥י בְנִֽי

But the king covered his face, and the king cried with a loud voice, O my son Absalom, O Absalom, my son, my son!

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'cover'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְהַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙king ofconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
לָאַ֣טcoverQal perf 3ms · לָאַט (H3813)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actלָאַט (H3813) 'cover'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פָּנָ֔יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
וַיִּזְעַ֥קsummonedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָעַק (H2199) 'summoned'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
ק֣וֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
גָּד֑וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
בְּנִי֙the sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אַבְשָׁל֔וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
אַבְשָׁל֖וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
בְּנִ֥יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בְנִֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
6

וַיָּבֹ֥א יוֹאָ֛ב אֶל הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ הַבָּ֑יִת וַיֹּאמֶר֩ הֹבַ֨שְׁתָּ הַיּ֜וֹם אֶת פְּנֵ֣י כָל עֲבָדֶ֗יךָ הַֽמְמַלְּטִ֤ים אֶֽת נַפְשְׁךָ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְאֵ֨ת נֶ֤פֶשׁ בָּנֶ֨יךָ֙ וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָ וְנֶ֣פֶשׁ נָשֶׁ֔יךָ וְנֶ֖פֶשׁ פִּלַגְשֶֽׁיךָ

And Joab came into the house to the king, and said, You have shamed this day the faces of all your servants, which this day have saved your life, and the lives of your sons and of your daughters, and the lives of your wives, and the lives of your concubines;

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he came'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיָּבֹ֥אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
יוֹאָ֛בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הַבָּ֑יִתthe houseart + N com m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house'.
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הֹבַ֨שְׁתָּwas dryHiphil perf 2ms · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
הַיּ֜וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עֲבָדֶ֗יךָyour servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servants'.
הַֽמְמַלְּטִ֤יםand he escapedart + Piel ptc mp · מָלַט (H4422)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָלַט (H4422) 'and he escaped'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשְׁךָ֙your soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
הַיּ֔וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
וְאֵ֨תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
נֶ֤פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
בָּנֶ֨יךָ֙your sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'your sons'.
וּבְנֹתֶ֔יךָand your daughtersconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 2ms · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'and your daughters'.
וְנֶ֣פֶשׁand persons ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'and persons of'.
נָשֶׁ֔יךָthe womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
וְנֶ֖פֶשׁand persons ofconj וְ + N com c sg constr · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'and persons of'.
פִּלַגְשֶֽׁיךָand his concubineN c · פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370)Construct chain (genitival)פִּילֶגֶשׁ (H6370) 'and his concubine'.
7

לְאַֽהֲבָה֙ אֶת שֹׂ֣נְאֶ֔יךָ וְלִשְׂנֹ֖א אֶת אֹהֲבֶ֑יךָ כִּ֣י הִגַּ֣דְתָּ הַיּ֗וֹם כִּ֣י אֵ֤ין לְךָ֙ שָׂרִ֣ים וַעֲבָדִ֔ים כִּ֣י יָדַ֣עְתִּי הַיּ֗וֹם כִּ֠י לא ל֣וּ אַבְשָׁל֥וֹם חַי֙ וְכֻלָּ֤נוּ הַיּוֹם֙ מֵתִ֔ים כִּי אָ֖ז יָשָׁ֥ר בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ

In that you lovest your enemies, and hatest your friends. For you have declared this day, that you regardest neither princes nor servants: for this day I perceive, that if Absalom had lived, and all we had died this day, then it had pleased you well.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'to love'.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
לְאַֽהֲבָה֙to loveprep + Qal inf constr · אָהַב (H157)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שֹׂ֣נְאֶ֔יךָthose who hate youQal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'those who hate you'.
וְלִשְׂנֹ֖אhatingconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֹהֲבֶ֑יךָto loveQal ptc mp + sfx 2ms · אָהַב (H157)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִגַּ֣דְתָּdid you tellHiphil perf 2ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'did you tell'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵ֤יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
לְךָ֙to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
שָׂרִ֣יםprincesN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'princes'.
וַעֲבָדִ֔יםand male servantsconj וְ + N com m pl abs · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'and male servants'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָדַ֣עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
כִּ֠יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לאif onlyneg. · לוּ (H3863)Particle or relational elementלוּ (H3863) 'if only'.
ל֣וּif onlyconj וְ · לוּ (H3863)Particle or relational elementלוּ (H3863) 'if only'.
אַבְשָׁל֥וֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
חַי֙aliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
וְכֻלָּ֤נוּallconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cp · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַיּוֹם֙todayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
מֵתִ֔ים(are) dyingQal ptc mp · מוּת (H4191)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמוּת (H4191) '(are) dying'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָ֖זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
יָשָׁ֥רrightAdj · יָשָׁר (H3477)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשָׁר (H3477) 'right'.
בְּעֵינֶֽיךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
8

וְעַתָּה֙ ק֣וּם צֵ֔א וְדַבֵּ֖ר עַל לֵ֣ב עֲבָדֶ֑יךָ כִּי֩ בַיהוָ֨ה נִשְׁבַּ֜עְתִּי כִּי אֵינְךָ֣ יוֹצֵ֗א אִם יָלִ֨ין אִ֤ישׁ אִתְּךָ֙ הַלַּ֔יְלָה וְרָעָ֧ה לְךָ֣ זֹ֗את מִכָּל הָרָעָה֙ אֲשֶׁר בָּ֣אָה עָלֶ֔יךָ מִנְּעֻרֶ֖יךָ עַד עָֽתָּה

Now therefore arise, go forth, and speak comfortably to your servants: for I swear by YHWH, if you go not forth, there will not tarry one with you this night: and that will be worse to you than all the evil that befell you from your youth until now.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'rise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
וְעַתָּה֙and nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
ק֣וּםriseQal impv 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.
צֵ֔אgo outQal impv 2ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָצָא (H3318) 'go out'.
וְדַבֵּ֖רand he shall speakconj וְ + Piel impv 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he shall speak'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לֵ֣בthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
עֲבָדֶ֑יךָyour servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servants'.
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בַיהוָ֨הagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
נִשְׁבַּ֜עְתִּיI sworeN · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'I swore'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵינְךָ֣you are notneg. + sfx 2ms · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'you are not'.
יוֹצֵ֗אam going outQal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'am going out'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יָלִ֨יןshall remain overnightQal impf 3ms · לוּן (H3885)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלוּן (H3885) 'shall remain overnight'.
אִ֤ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אִתְּךָ֙with youprep + sfx 2ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
הַלַּ֔יְלָהthe nightart + N com m sg abs · לַיְלָה (H3915)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'the night'.
וְרָעָ֧הand be evilconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · רָעַע (H7489)Particle or relational elementרָעַע (H7489) 'and be evil'.
לְךָ֣to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
זֹ֗אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
מִכָּלfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
הָרָעָה֙the evilart + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֣אָהhas comeQal perf 3fs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'has come'.
עָלֶ֔יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
מִנְּעֻרֶ֖יךָin her youthprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2ms · נַעַר (H5271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5271) 'in her youth'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
עָֽתָּהnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
9

וַיָּ֥קָם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֵּ֣שֶׁב בַּשָּׁ֑עַר וּֽלְכָל הָעָ֞ם הִגִּ֣ידוּ לֵאמֹ֗ר הִנֵּ֤ה הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ יוֹשֵׁ֣ב בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיָּבֹ֤א כָל הָעָם֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל נָ֖ס אִ֥ישׁ לְאֹהָלָֽיו

Then the king arose, and sat in the gate. And they told to all the people, saying, Behold, the king does sit in the gate. And all the people came before the king: for Israel had fled every man to his tent.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he arose'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיָּ֥קָםand he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיֵּ֣שֶׁבand he dweltconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and he dwelt'.
בַּשָּׁ֑עַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
וּֽלְכָלand to allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and to all'.
הָעָ֞םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
הִגִּ֣ידוּtellHiphil perf 3cp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'tell'.
לֵאמֹ֗רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
הִנֵּ֤הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יוֹשֵׁ֣בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
בַּשַּׁ֔עַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
וַיָּבֹ֤אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לnow Israelconj וְ + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'now Israel'.
נָ֖סhad fledQal perf 3ms · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנוּס (H5127) 'had fled'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
לְאֹהָלָֽיוthe tent ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אֹהֶל (H168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tent of'.
10

וַיְהִ֤י כָל הָעָם֙ נָד֔וֹן בְּכָל שִׁבְטֵ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לֵאמֹ֑ר הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ הִצִּילָ֣נוּ מִכַּ֣ף אֹיְבֵ֗ינוּ וְה֤וּא מִלְּטָ֨נוּ֙ מִכַּ֣ף פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וְעַתָּ֛ה בָּרַ֥ח מִן הָאָ֖רֶץ מֵעַ֥ל אַבְשָׁלֽוֹם

And all the people were at strife throughout all the tribes of Israel, saying, The king saved us out of the hand of our enemies, and he delivered us out of the hand of the Philistines; and now he is fled out of the land for Absalom.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיְהִ֤יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כָלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
נָד֔וֹןwill vindicateN · דִּין (H1777)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דִּין (H1777) 'will vindicate'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
שִׁבְטֵ֥יthe tribes ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribes of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הִצִּילָ֣נוּdelivered usHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cp · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַל (H5337) 'delivered us'.
מִכַּ֣ףfrom the sole ofprep + N com f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּף (H3709) 'from the sole of'.
אֹיְבֵ֗ינוּyour enemiesQal ptc mp + sfx 1cp · אֹיֵב (H341)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאֹיֵב (H341) 'your enemies'.
וְה֤וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
מִלְּטָ֨נוּ֙and he escapedPiel perf 3ms + sfx 1cp · מָלַט (H4422)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָלַט (H4422) 'and he escaped'.
מִכַּ֣ףfrom the sole ofprep + N com f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּף (H3709) 'from the sole of'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וְעַתָּ֛הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
בָּרַ֥חhad fledQal perf 3ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּרַח (H1272) 'had fled'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הָאָ֖רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
מֵעַ֥לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
אַבְשָׁלֽוֹםAbishalomN · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'Abishalom'.
11

וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר מָשַׁ֣חְנוּ עָלֵ֔ינוּ מֵ֖ת בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְעַתָּ֗ה לָמָ֥ה אַתֶּ֛ם מַחֲרִשִׁ֖ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

And Absalom, whom we anointed over us, is dead in battle. Now therefore why speak you not a word of bringing the king back?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall anoint'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְאַבְשָׁלוֹם֙andconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישָׁלוֹם (H53) 'and'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
מָשַׁ֣חְנוּand you shall anointQal perf 1cp · מָשַׁח (H4886)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמָשַׁח (H4886) 'and you shall anoint'.
עָלֵ֔ינוּupon usprep + sfx 1cp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon us'.
מֵ֖תdiedQal perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'died'.
בַּמִּלְחָמָ֑הin the battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'in the battle'.
וְעַתָּ֗הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
לָמָ֥הwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
אַתֶּ֛םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
מַחֲרִשִׁ֖יםand is silentHiphil ptc mp · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
לְהָשִׁ֥יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
12

וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֗ד שָׁ֠לַח אֶל צָד֨וֹק וְאֶל אֶבְיָתָ֥ר הַכֹּהֲנִים֮ לֵאמֹר֒ דַּבְּר֞וּ אֶל זִקְנֵ֤י יְהוּדָה֙ לֵאמֹ֔ר לָ֤מָּה תִֽהְיוּ֙ אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל בֵּית֑וֹ וּדְבַר֙ כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בָּ֥א אֶל הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל בֵּיתֽוֹ

And king David sent to Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, saying, Speak to the elders of Judah, saying, Why are you the last to bring the king back to his house? seeing the speech of all Israel is come to the king, to his house.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'let go'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְking ofconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
שָׁ֠לַחlet goQal perf 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁלַח (H7971) 'let go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
צָד֨וֹקZadokN · צָדוֹק (H6659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָדוֹק (H6659) 'Zadok'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
אֶבְיָתָ֥רAbiatharN · אֶבְיָתָר (H54)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיָתָר (H54) 'Abiathar'.
הַכֹּהֲנִים֮the priestsart + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priests'.
לֵאמֹר֒sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
דַּבְּר֞וּhe spoke itPiel impv 2mp · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'he spoke it'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
זִקְנֵ֤יthe elders ofAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
יְהוּדָה֙JudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לֵאמֹ֔רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
לָ֤מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
תִֽהְיוּ֙you shall beQal impf 2mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'you shall be'.
אַֽחֲרֹנִ֔יםbehind themAdj · אַחֲרוֹן (H314)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרוֹן (H314) 'behind them'.
לְהָשִׁ֥יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּית֑וֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
וּדְבַר֙and the word ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'and the word of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בָּ֥אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּיתֽוֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
13

אַחַ֣י אַתֶּ֔ם עַצְמִ֥י וּבְשָׂרִ֖י אַתֶּ֑ם וְלָ֧מָּה תִהְי֛וּ אַחֲרֹנִ֖ים לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶת הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

You my brethren, you my bones and my flesh: wherefore then are you the last to bring back the king?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אַחַ֣יbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
אַתֶּ֔םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
עַצְמִ֥יmy boneN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'my bone'.
וּבְשָׂרִ֖יand my fleshconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'and my flesh'.
אַתֶּ֑םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְלָ֧מָּהand whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
תִהְי֛וּyou shall beQal impf 2mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'you shall be'.
אַחֲרֹנִ֖יםbehind themAdj · אַחֲרוֹן (H314)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֲרוֹן (H314) 'behind them'.
לְהָשִׁ֥יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
14

וְלַֽעֲמָשָׂא֙ תֹּֽמְר֔וּ הֲל֛וֹא עַצְמִ֥י וּבְשָׂרִ֖י אָ֑תָּה כֹּ֣ה יַֽעֲשֶׂה לִּ֤י אֱלֹהִים֙ וְכֹ֣ה יוֹסִ֔יף אִם לֹ֠א שַׂר צָבָ֞א תִּהְיֶ֧ה לְפָנַ֛י כָּל הַיָּמִ֖ים תַּ֥חַת יוֹאָֽב

And say you to Amasa, you not of my bone, and of my flesh? God do so to me, and more also, if you be not captain of the host before me continually in the room of Joab.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וְלַֽעֲמָשָׂא֙andconj וְ + prep + N proper · עֲמָשָׂא (H6021)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲמָשָׂא (H6021) 'and'.
תֹּֽמְר֔וּand he saidQal impf 2mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הֲל֛וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
עַצְמִ֥יmy boneN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'my bone'.
וּבְשָׂרִ֖יand my fleshconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'and my flesh'.
אָ֑תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
יַֽעֲשֶׂהhe shall doQal jussive 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לִּ֤יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֱלֹהִים֙GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וְכֹ֣הand thusconj וְ + art · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'and thus'.
יוֹסִ֔יףhe will continueHiphil jussive 3ms · יָסַף (H3254)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָסַף (H3254) 'he will continue'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֠אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שַׂרchief ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
צָבָ֞אto warN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'to war'.
תִּהְיֶ֧הshall beQal impf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לְפָנַ֛יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַיָּמִ֖יםthe daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days'.
תַּ֥חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
יוֹאָֽבJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
15

וַיַּ֛ט אֶת לְבַ֥ב כָּל אִישׁ יְהוּדָ֖ה כְּאִ֣ישׁ אֶחָ֑ד וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙ אֶל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ שׁ֥וּב אַתָּ֖ה וְכָל עֲבָדֶֽיךָ

And he bowed the heart of all the men of Judah, even as one man; so that they sent to the king, Return you, and all your servants.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he stretched out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיַּ֛טand he stretched outconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָטָה (H5186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטָה (H5186) 'and he stretched out'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
לְבַ֥בthe heart ofN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'the heart of'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אִישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֖הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
כְּאִ֣ישׁas a manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'as a man'.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
וַֽיִּשְׁלְחוּ֙and they sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and they sent'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
שׁ֥וּבreturnQal impv 2ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשׁוּב (H7725) 'return'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עֲבָדֶֽיךָyour servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servants'.
16

וַיָּ֣שָׁב הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַיָּבֹ֖א עַד הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ן וִיהוּדָ֞ה בָּ֣א הַגִּלְגָּ֗לָה לָלֶ֨כֶת֙ לִקְרַ֣את הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לְהַעֲבִ֥יר אֶת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּֽן

So the king returned, and came to Jordan. And Judah came to Gilgal, to go to meet the king, to conduct the king over Jordan.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיָּ֣שָׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיָּבֹ֖אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֑ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
וִיהוּדָ֞הand Judahconj וְ + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'and Judah'.
בָּ֣אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
הַגִּלְגָּ֗לָהat Gilgalart + N proper + Sd · גִּלְגָּל (H1537)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְגָּל (H1537) 'at Gilgal'.
לָלֶ֨כֶת֙to goprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'to go'.
לִקְרַ֣אתto meetprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לְהַעֲבִ֥ירto make pass overprep + Hiphil inf constr · עָבַר (H5674)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָבַר (H5674) 'to make pass over'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיַּרְדֵּֽןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
17

וַיְמַהֵ֗ר שִׁמְעִ֤י בֶן גֵּרָא֙ בֶּן הַיְמִינִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֖ר מִבַּֽחוּרִ֑ים וַיֵּ֨רֶד֙ עִם אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה לִקְרַ֖את הַמֶּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִֽד

And Shimei the son of Gera, a Benjamite, which of Bahurim, hasted and came down with the men of Judah to meet king David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and...hurried'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיְמַהֵ֗רand...hurriedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · מָהַר (H4116)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָהַר (H4116) 'and...hurried'.
שִׁמְעִ֤יand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
גֵּרָא֙GeraN · גֵּרָא (H1617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֵּרָא (H1617) 'Gera'.
בֶּןa BenjaminiteN · בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145) 'a Benjaminite'.
הַיְמִינִ֔יthe Benjaminiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־יְמִינִי (H1145) 'the Benjaminite'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
מִבַּֽחוּרִ֑יםfromprep + N proper · בַּחֻרִים (H980)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּחֻרִים (H980) 'from'.
וַיֵּ֨רֶד֙and went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לִקְרַ֖אתto meetprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet'.
הַמֶּ֥לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
דָּוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
18

וְאֶ֨לֶף אִ֣ישׁ עִמּוֹ֮ מִבִּנְיָמִן֒ וְצִיבָ֗א נַ֚עַר בֵּ֣ית שָׁא֔וּל וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁת עָשָׂ֥ר בָּנָ֛יו וְעֶשְׂרִ֥ים עֲבָדָ֖יו אִתּ֑וֹ וְצָלְח֥וּ הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

And a thousand men of Benjamin with him, and Ziba the servant of the house of Saul, and his fifteen sons and his twenty servants with him; and they went over Jordan before the king.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'makes prosper'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְאֶ֨לֶףand a thousandconj וְ + Adj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'and a thousand'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
עִמּוֹ֮with himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
מִבִּנְיָמִן֒Benjaminprep + N proper · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
וְצִיבָ֗אandconj וְ + N proper · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'and'.
נַ֚עַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַחֲמֵ֨שֶׁתand fiveconj וְ + Adj c · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'and five'.
עָשָׂ֥ר-teenAdj · עָשָׂר (H6240)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂר (H6240) '-teen'.
בָּנָ֛יוhis sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons'.
וְעֶשְׂרִ֥יםand twentyconj וְ + Adj c · עֶשְׂרִים (H6242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶשְׂרִים (H6242) 'and twenty'.
עֲבָדָ֖יוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
אִתּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with him'.
וְצָלְח֥וּmakes prosperconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · צָלַח (H6743)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצָלַח (H6743) 'makes prosper'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
19

וְעָבְרָ֣ה הָעֲבָרָ֗ה לַֽעֲבִיר֙ אֶת בֵּ֣ית הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹת הַטּ֖וֹב בעינו בְּעֵינָ֑יו וְשִׁמְעִ֣י בֶן גֵּרָ֗א נָפַל֙ לִפְנֵ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ בְּעָבְר֖וֹ בַּיַּרְדֵּֽן

And there went over a ferry boat to carry over the king's household, and to do what he thought good. And Shimei the son of Gera fell down before the king, as he was come over Jordan;

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'are crossing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְעָבְרָ֣הare crossingconj וְ + Qal perf 3fs · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
הָעֲבָרָ֗הferryart + N com f sg abs · עֲבָרָה (H5679)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲבָרָה (H5679) 'ferry'.
לַֽעֲבִיר֙are crossingprep + Hiphil inf constr · עָבַר (H5674)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְלַעֲשׂ֥וֹתand to doconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and to do'.
הַטּ֖וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
בעינוin his eyeprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eye'.
בְּעֵינָ֑יוin his eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 3ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in his eyes'.
וְשִׁמְעִ֣יand Shimeiconj וְ + N proper · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
גֵּרָ֗אGeraN · גֵּרָא (H1617)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֵּרָא (H1617) 'Gera'.
נָפַל֙fallenQal perf 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָפַל (H5307) 'fallen'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בְּעָבְר֖וֹwhen it crossedprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָבַר (H5674) 'when it crossed'.
בַּיַּרְדֵּֽןin the Jordanprep + art + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'in the Jordan'.
20

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אַל יַחֲשָׁב לִ֣י אֲדֹנִי֮ עָוֺן֒ וְאַל תִּזְכֹּ֗ר אֵ֚ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶעֱוָ֣ה עַבְדְּךָ֔ בַּיּ֕וֹם אֲשֶׁר יָׄצָ֥ׄאׄ אֲדֹנִֽי הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מִירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑ם לָשׂ֥וּם הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל לִבּֽוֹ

And said to the king, Let not my lord impute iniquity to me, neither do you remember that which your servant did perversely the day that my lord the king went out of Jerusalem, that the king should take it to his heart.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יַחֲשָׁבshall be reckonedQal jussive 3ms · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalחָשַׁב (H2803) 'shall be reckoned'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֲדֹנִי֮my lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
עָוֺן֒the iniquity ofN c · עָוֹן (H5771)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֹן (H5771) 'the iniquity of'.
וְאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
תִּזְכֹּ֗רyou may rememberQal jussive 2ms · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalזָכַר (H2142) 'you may remember'.
אֵ֚ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֶעֱוָ֣הdo amissHiphil perf 3ms · עָוָה (H5753)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָוָה (H5753) 'do amiss'.
עַבְדְּךָ֔your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
בַּיּ֕וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָׄצָ֥ׄאׄone going out (to)Qal perf 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
אֲדֹנִֽיmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
מִירֽוּשָׁלִָ֑םJerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
לָשׂ֥וּםto putprep + Qal inf constr · שִׂים (H7760)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשִׂים (H7760) 'to put'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
לִבּֽוֹhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
21

כִּ֚י יָדַ֣ע עַבְדְּךָ֔ כִּ֖י אֲנִ֣י חָטָ֑אתִי וְהִנֵּֽה בָ֣אתִי הַיּ֗וֹם רִאשׁוֹן֙ לְכָל בֵּ֣ית יוֹסֵ֔ף לָרֶ֕דֶת לִקְרַ֖את אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

For your servant does know that I have sinned: therefore, behold, I am come the first this day of all the house of Joseph to go down to meet my lord the king.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he knew'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָדַ֣עhe knewQal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
עַבְדְּךָ֔your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
כִּ֖יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
חָטָ֑אתִיI have sinnedQal perf 1cs · חָטָא (H2398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָטָא (H2398) 'I have sinned'.
וְהִנֵּֽהand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
בָ֣אתִיI have comeQal perf 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'I have come'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
רִאשׁוֹן֙firstAdj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'first'.
לְכָלto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יוֹסֵ֔ףJosephN · יוֹסֵף (H3130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹסֵף (H3130) 'Joseph'.
לָרֶ֕דֶתto go downprep + Qal inf constr · יָרַד (H3381)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָרַד (H3381) 'to go down'.
לִקְרַ֖אתto meetprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet'.
אֲדֹנִ֥יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
22

וַיַּ֨עַן אֲבִישַׁ֤י בֶּן צְרוּיָה֙ וַיֹּ֔אמֶר הֲתַ֣חַת זֹ֔את לֹ֥א יוּמַ֖ת שִׁמְעִ֑י כִּ֥י קִלֵּ֖ל אֶת מְשִׁ֥יחַ יְהוָֽה

But Abishai the son of Zeruiah answered and said, Shall not Shimei be put to death for this, because he cursed YHWH's anointed?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיַּ֨עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֲבִישַׁ֤יAbishaiN · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָה֙ZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
וַיֹּ֔אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הֲתַ֣חַתam I in place ofinterrog. + prep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'am I in place of'.
זֹ֔אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יוּמַ֖תhe shall be put to deathHophal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he shall be put to death'.
שִׁמְעִ֑יand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קִלֵּ֖לhe has cursedPiel perf 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָלַל (H7043) 'he has cursed'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מְשִׁ֥יחַthe anointedN c · מָשִׁיחַ (H4899)Construct chain (genitival)מָשִׁיחַ (H4899) 'the anointed'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
23

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד מַה לִּ֤י וְלָכֶם֙ בְּנֵ֣י צְרוּיָ֔ה כִּי תִֽהְיוּ לִ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם לְשָׂטָ֑ן הַיּ֗וֹם י֤וּמַת אִישׁ֙ בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּ֚י הֲל֣וֹא יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם אֲנִי מֶ֥לֶךְ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And David said, What have I to do with you, you sons of Zeruiah, that you should this day be adversaries to me? shall there any man be put to death this day in Israel? for do not I know that I this day king over Israel?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לִּ֤יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וְלָכֶם֙and against youconj וְ + prep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and against you'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
צְרוּיָ֔הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
תִֽהְיוּyou shall beQal impf 2mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'you shall be'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הַיּ֖וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
לְשָׂטָ֑ןas an adversaryprep + N com m sg abs · שָׂטָן (H7854)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂטָן (H7854) 'as an adversary'.
הַיּ֗וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
י֤וּמַתhe shall be put to deathHophal impf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'he shall be put to death'.
אִישׁ֙a manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'in Israel'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֲל֣וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
יָדַ֔עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַיּ֖וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
אֲנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
מֶ֥לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
24

וַיֹּ֧אמֶר הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶל שִׁמְעִ֖י לֹ֣א תָמ֑וּת וַיִּשָּׁ֥בַֽע ל֖וֹ הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

Therefore the king said to Shimei, You shall not die. And the king sware to him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֧אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שִׁמְעִ֖יand ShimeiN · שִׁמְעִי (H8096)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְעִי (H8096) 'and Shimei'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תָמ֑וּתyou shall dieQal impf 2ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'you shall die'.
וַיִּשָּׁ֥בַֽעand he sworeconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'and he swore'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
25

וּמְפִבֹ֨שֶׁת֙ בֶּן שָׁא֔וּל יָרַ֖ד לִקְרַ֣את הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְלֹא עָשָׂ֨ה רַגְלָ֜יו וְלֹא עָשָׂ֣ה שְׂפָמ֗וֹ וְאֶת בְּגָדָיו֙ לֹ֣א כִבֵּ֔ס לְמִן הַיּוֹם֙ לֶ֣כֶת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ עַד הַיּ֖וֹם אֲשֶׁר בָּ֥א בְשָׁלֽוֹם

And Mephibosheth the son of Saul came down to meet the king, and had neither dressed his feet, nor trimmed his beard, nor washed his clothes, from the day the king departed until the day he came in peace.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'it will come down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וּמְפִבֹ֨שֶׁת֙andconj וְ + N proper · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
יָרַ֖דit will come downQal perf 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'it will come down'.
לִקְרַ֣אתto meetprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָשָׂ֨הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
רַגְלָ֜יוhis feetN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
עָשָׂ֣הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
שְׂפָמ֗וֹthe upper lipN c · שָׂפָם (H8222)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָם (H8222) 'the upper lip'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
בְּגָדָיו֙his garmentsN c · בֶּגֶד (H899)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'his garments'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כִבֵּ֔סhe washesPiel perf 3ms · כָּבַס (H3526)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּבַס (H3526) 'he washes'.
לְמִןfromprep + prep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַיּוֹם֙todayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
לֶ֣כֶתand he wentQal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הַיּ֖וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֥אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
בְשָׁלֽוֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
26

וַיְהִ֛י כִּי בָ֥א יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם לִקְרַ֣את הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לָ֛מָּה לֹא הָלַ֥כְתָּ עִמִּ֖י מְפִיבֹֽשֶׁת

And it came to pass, when he was come to Jerusalem to meet the king, that the king said to him, Wherefore wentest not you with me, Mephibosheth?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיְהִ֛יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בָ֥אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
לִקְרַ֣אתto meetprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7125)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7125) 'to meet'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לָ֛מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הָלַ֥כְתָּwalkingQal perf 2ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walking'.
עִמִּ֖יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with me'.
מְפִיבֹֽשֶׁתMephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
27

וַיֹּאמַ֕ר אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ עַבְדִּ֣י רִמָּ֑נִי כִּֽי אָמַ֨ר עַבְדְּךָ֜ אֶחְבְּשָׁה לִּי֩ הַחֲמ֨וֹר וְאֶרְכַּ֤ב עָלֶ֨יהָ֙ וְאֵלֵ֣ךְ אֶת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ כִּ֥י פִסֵּ֖חַ עַבְדֶּֽךָ

And he answered, My lord, O king, my servant deceived me: for your servant said, I will saddle me an ass, that I may ride thereon, and go to the king; because your servant lame.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיֹּאמַ֕רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲדֹנִ֥יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
עַבְדִּ֣יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
רִמָּ֑נִיhave you deceived mePiel perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · רָמָה (H7411)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָמָה (H7411) 'have you deceived me'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָמַ֨רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
עַבְדְּךָ֜your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
אֶחְבְּשָׁהand he saddledQal impf 1cs · חָבַשׁ (H2280)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָבַשׁ (H2280) 'and he saddled'.
לִּי֩to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
הַחֲמ֨וֹרthe donkeyart + N com c sg abs · חֲמוֹר (H2543)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמוֹר (H2543) 'the donkey'.
וְאֶרְכַּ֤בand its riderconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · רָכַב (H7392)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָכַב (H7392) 'and its rider'.
עָלֶ֨יהָ֙on itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
וְאֵלֵ֣ךְand I am goneconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and I am gone'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
פִסֵּ֖חַlameAdj · פִּסֵּחַ (H6455)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּסֵּחַ (H6455) 'lame'.
עַבְדֶּֽךָyour servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
28

וַיְרַגֵּ֣ל בְּעַבְדְּךָ֔ אֶל אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַאדֹנִ֤י הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַעֲשֵׂ֥ה הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ

And he has slandered your servant to my lord the king; but my lord the king as an angel of God: do therefore good in your eyes.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'spies'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיְרַגֵּ֣לspiesconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · רָגַל (H7270)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָגַל (H7270) 'spies'.
בְּעַבְדְּךָ֔against your servantprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'against your servant'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֲדֹנִ֖יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַאדֹנִ֤יand my lordconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'and my lord'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
כְּמַלְאַ֣ךְthe angel ofprep + N com m sg constr · מַלְאָךְ (H4397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְאָךְ (H4397) 'the angel of'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֔יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
וַעֲשֵׂ֥הand makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
הַטּ֖וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
בְּעֵינֶֽיךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
29

כִּי֩ לֹ֨א הָיָ֜ה כָּל בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֗י כִּ֤י אִם אַנְשֵׁי מָ֨וֶת֙ לַאדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַתָּ֨שֶׁת֙ אֶֽת עַבְדְּךָ֔ בְּאֹכְלֵ֖י שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָ וּמַה יֶּשׁ לִ֥י עוֹד֙ צְדָקָ֔ה וְלִזְעֹ֥ק ע֖וֹד אֶל הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

For all my father's house were but dead men before my lord the king: yet didst you set your servant among them that did eat at your own table. What right therefore have I yet to cry any more to the king?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֨אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הָיָ֜הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֗יmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אַנְשֵׁיthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
מָ֨וֶת֙the death ofN c · מָוֶת (H4194)Construct chain (genitival)מָוֶת (H4194) 'the death of'.
לַאדֹנִ֣יto my lordprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · אָדוֹן (H113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדוֹן (H113) 'to my lord'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַתָּ֨שֶׁת֙is imposedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 2ms · שִׁית (H7896)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׁית (H7896) 'is imposed'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַבְדְּךָ֔your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
בְּאֹכְלֵ֖יyou shall eatprep + Qal ptc mp · אָכַל (H398)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
שֻׁלְחָנֶ֑ךָthe tableN c · שֻׁלְחָן (H7979)Construct chain (genitival)שֻׁלְחָן (H7979) 'the table'.
וּמַהand whatconj וְ + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and what'.
יֶּשׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
לִ֥יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
עוֹד֙againart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
צְדָקָ֔הrighteousnessN c · צְדָקָה (H6666)Construct chain (genitival)צְדָקָה (H6666) 'righteousness'.
וְלִזְעֹ֥קand they cried outconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · זָעַק (H2199)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
30

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ לָ֛מָּה תְּדַבֵּ֥ר ע֖וֹד דְּבָרֶ֑יךָ אָמַ֕רְתִּי אַתָּ֣ה וְצִיבָ֔א תַּחְלְק֖וּ אֶת הַשָּׂדֶֽה

And the king said to him, Why speakest you any more of your matters? I have said, You and Ziba divide the land.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לָ֛מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
תְּדַבֵּ֥רyou shall speakPiel impf 2ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'you shall speak'.
ע֖וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
דְּבָרֶ֑יךָyour wordsN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'your words'.
אָמַ֕רְתִּיI saidQal perf 1cs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'I said'.
אַתָּ֣הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְצִיבָ֔אandconj וְ + N proper · צִיבָא (H6717)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיבָא (H6717) 'and'.
תַּחְלְק֖וּshall be dividedQal impf 2mp · חָלַק (H2505)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָלַק (H2505) 'shall be divided'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַשָּׂדֶֽהthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
31

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר מְפִיבֹ֨שֶׁת֙ אֶל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ גַּ֥ם אֶת הַכֹּ֖ל יִקָּ֑ח אַ֠חֲרֵי אֲשֶׁר בָּ֞א אֲדֹנִ֥י הַמֶּ֛לֶך בְּשָׁל֖וֹם אֶל בֵּיתֽוֹ

And Mephibosheth said to the king, Yea, let him take all, forasmuch as my lord the king is come again in peace to his own house.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מְפִיבֹ֨שֶׁת֙MephiboshethN · מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְפִיבֹשֶׁת (H4648) 'Mephibosheth'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
גַּ֥םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַכֹּ֖לeverythingart + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'everything'.
יִקָּ֑חhe shall takeQal jussive 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalלָקַח (H3947) 'he shall take'.
אַ֠חֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּ֞אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
אֲדֹנִ֥יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בְּשָׁל֖וֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּיתֽוֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
32

וּבַרְזִלַּי֙ הַגִּלְעָדִ֔י יָרַ֖ד מֵרֹגְלִ֑ים וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר אֶת הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן לְשַׁלְּח֖וֹ אֶת בירדן הַיַּרְדֵּֽן

And Barzillai the Gileadite came down from Rogelim, and went over Jordan with the king, to conduct him over Jordan.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'it will come down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבַרְזִלַּי֙andconj וְ + N proper · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'and'.
הַגִּלְעָדִ֔יthe Gileaditesart + N gentilic m sg abs · גִּלְעָדִי (H1569)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָדִי (H1569) 'the Gileadites'.
יָרַ֖דit will come downQal perf 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'it will come down'.
מֵרֹגְלִ֑יםfromprep + N proper · רֹגְלִים (H7274)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹגְלִים (H7274) 'from'.
וַיַּעֲבֹ֤רand he passed onconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
לְשַׁלְּח֖וֹto let him goprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'to let him go'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בירדןin the Jordanprep + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'in the Jordan'.
הַיַּרְדֵּֽןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
33

וּבַרְזִלַּי֙ זָקֵ֣ן מְאֹ֔ד בֶּן שְׁמֹנִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה וְהֽוּא כִלְכַּ֤ל אֶת הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ בְּשִׁיבָת֣וֹ בְמַחֲנַ֔יִם כִּֽי אִ֛ישׁ גָּד֥וֹל ה֖וּא מְאֹֽד

Now Barzillai was a very aged man, fourscore years old: and he had provided the king of sustenance while he lay at Mahanaim; for he a very great man.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was old'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וּבַרְזִלַּי֙andconj וְ + N proper · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'and'.
זָקֵ֣ןwas oldQal perf 3ms · זָקֵן (H2204)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָקֵן (H2204) 'was old'.
מְאֹ֔דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שְׁמֹנִ֖יםeightyAdj · שְׁמֹנִים (H8084)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנִים (H8084) 'eighty'.
שָׁנָ֑הyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
וְהֽוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
כִלְכַּ֤לand I will providel perf 3ms · כּוּל (H3557)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בְּשִׁיבָת֣וֹinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · שִׁיבָה (H7871)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁיבָה (H7871) 'in'.
בְמַחֲנַ֔יִםMahanaimprep + N proper · מַחֲנַיִם (H4266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנַיִם (H4266) 'Mahanaim'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִ֛ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
גָּד֥וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
ה֖וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
מְאֹֽדveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
34

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אֶל בַּרְזִלָּ֑י אַתָּה֙ עֲבֹ֣ר אִתִּ֔י וְכִלְכַּלְתִּ֥י אֹתְךָ֛ עִמָּדִ֖י בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽם

And the king said to Barzillai, Come you over with me, and I will feed you with me in Jerusalem.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בַּרְזִלָּ֑יBarzillaiN · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'Barzillai'.
אַתָּה֙youpron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
עֲבֹ֣רis crossingQal impv 2ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
אִתִּ֔יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
וְכִלְכַּלְתִּ֥יand I will provideconj וְ + l q 1cs · כּוּל (H3557)Particle or relational elementכּוּל (H3557) 'and I will provide'.
אֹתְךָ֛you [obj]obj marker + sfx 2ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you [obj]'.
עִמָּדִ֖יwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.
בִּירוּשָׁלִָֽםin Jerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'in Jerusalem'.
35

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר בַּרְזִלַּ֖י אֶל הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כַּמָּ֗ה יְמֵי֙ שְׁנֵ֣י חַיַּ֔י כִּי אֶעֱלֶ֥ה אֶת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם

And Barzillai said to the king, How long have I to live, that I should go up with the king to Jerusalem?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
בַּרְזִלַּ֖יBarzillaiN · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'Barzillai'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
כַּמָּ֗הhow manyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'how many'.
יְמֵי֙the days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
שְׁנֵ֣יthe years ofAdj · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'the years of'.
חַיַּ֔יthe life ofN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'the life of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֶעֱלֶ֥הI will go upQal impf 1cs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'I will go up'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
36

בֶּן שְׁמֹנִ֣ים שָׁנָה֩ אָנֹכִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם הַאֵדַ֣ע בֵּין ט֣וֹב לְרָ֗ע אִם יִטְעַ֤ם עַבְדְּךָ֙ אֶת אֲשֶׁ֤ר אֹכַל֙ וְאֶת אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֶשְׁתֶּ֔ה אִם אֶשְׁמַ֣ע ע֔וֹד בְּק֖וֹל שָׁרִ֣ים וְשָׁר֑וֹת וְלָמָּה֩ יִֽהְיֶ֨ה עַבְדְּךָ֥ עוֹד֙ לְמַשָּׂ֔א אֶל אֲדֹנִ֖י הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

I this day fourscore years old: can I discern between good and evil? can your servant taste what I eat or what I drink? can I hear any more the voice of singing men and singing women? wherefore then should your servant be yet a burden to my lord the king?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שְׁמֹנִ֣יםeightyAdj · שְׁמֹנִים (H8084)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנִים (H8084) 'eighty'.
שָׁנָה֩yearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
אָנֹכִ֨יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
הַיּ֜וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַאֵדַ֣עI knowinterrog. + Qal impf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
בֵּיןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
לְרָ֗עand badprep + Adj · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'and bad'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יִטְעַ֤םperceiveQal impf 3ms · טָעַם (H2938)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalטָעַם (H2938) 'perceive'.
עַבְדְּךָ֙your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֹכַל֙eatsQal impf 1cs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'eats'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֶשְׁתֶּ֔הto drinkQal impf 1cs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
אֶשְׁמַ֣עI will hearQal impf 1cs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁמַע (H8085) 'I will hear'.
ע֔וֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
בְּק֖וֹלto the voice ofprep + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
שָׁרִ֣יםI will singQal ptc mp · שִׁיר (H7891)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׁיר (H7891) 'I will sing'.
וְשָׁר֑וֹתI will singconj וְ + Qal ptc fp · שִׁיר (H7891)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשִׁיר (H7891) 'I will sing'.
וְלָמָּה֩and whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
יִֽהְיֶ֨הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
עַבְדְּךָ֥your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
עוֹד֙againart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
לְמַשָּׂ֔אtheir burdenprep + N com m sg abs · מַשָּׂא (H4853)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשָּׂא (H4853) 'their burden'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֲדֹנִ֖יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
37

כִּמְעַ֞ט יַעֲבֹ֧ר עַבְדְּךָ֛ אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן אֶת הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וְלָ֨מָּה֙ יִגְמְלֵ֣נִי הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ הַגְּמוּלָ֖ה הַזֹּֽאת

Your servant will go a little way over Jordan with the king: and why should the king recompense it me with such a reward?

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'passes through'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
כִּמְעַ֞טalmostprep + N com m sg abs · מְעַט (H4592)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְעַט (H4592) 'almost'.
יַעֲבֹ֧רpasses throughQal impf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'passes through'.
עַבְדְּךָ֛your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְלָ֨מָּה֙and whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
יִגְמְלֵ֣נִיdo you repayQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · גָּמַל (H1580)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalגָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הַגְּמוּלָ֖הdeedart + N com f sg abs · גְּמוּלָה (H1578)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גְּמוּלָה (H1578) 'deed'.
הַזֹּֽאתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
38

יָֽשָׁב נָ֤א עַבְדְּךָ֙ וְאָמֻ֣ת בְּעִירִ֔י עִ֛ם קֶ֥בֶר אָבִ֖י וְאִמִּ֑י וְהִנֵּ֣ה עַבְדְּךָ֣ כִמְהָ֗ם יַֽעֲבֹר֙ עִם אֲדֹנִ֣י הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וַעֲשֵׂה ל֕וֹ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר ט֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶֽיךָ

Let your servant, I pray you, turn back again, that I may die in mine own city, by the grave of my father and of my mother. But behold your servant Chimham; let him go over with my lord the king; and do to him what shall seem good to you.

Jussive — volitional
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and they returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
יָֽשָׁבand they returnedQal jussive 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
נָ֤אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
עַבְדְּךָ֙your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
וְאָמֻ֣תand he diedconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
בְּעִירִ֔יthe cityprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
עִ֛םwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
קֶ֥בֶרburialN c · קֶבֶר (H6913)Construct chain (genitival)קֶבֶר (H6913) 'burial'.
אָבִ֖יmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
וְאִמִּ֑יhis motherconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֵם (H517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵם (H517) 'his mother'.
וְהִנֵּ֣הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
עַבְדְּךָ֣your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
כִמְהָ֗םChimhamN · כִּמְהָם (H3643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּמְהָם (H3643) 'Chimham'.
יַֽעֲבֹר֙passes throughQal jussive 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalעָבַר (H5674) 'passes through'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
אֲדֹנִ֣יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַעֲשֵׂהand makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and make'.
ל֕וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אֵ֥ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
ט֖וֹבgoodQal perf 3ms · טוֹב (H2896)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actטוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
בְּעֵינֶֽיךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
39

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ אִתִּי֙ יַעֲבֹ֣ר כִּמְהָ֔ם וַאֲנִי֙ אֶעֱשֶׂה לּ֔וֹ אֶת הַטּ֖וֹב בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ וְכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר תִּבְחַ֥ר עָלַ֖י אֶֽעֱשֶׂה לָּֽךְ

And the king answered, Chimham shall go over with me, and I will do to him that which shall seem good to you: and whatsoever you shall require of me, will I do for you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֗לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אִתִּי֙with meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
יַעֲבֹ֣רpasses throughQal impf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָבַר (H5674) 'passes through'.
כִּמְהָ֔םChimhamN · כִּמְהָם (H3643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּמְהָם (H3643) 'Chimham'.
וַאֲנִי֙and Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
אֶעֱשֶׂהI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
לּ֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַטּ֖וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
וְכֹ֛לand allconj וְ + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
תִּבְחַ֥רhe will chooseQal impf 2ms · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּחַר (H977) 'he will choose'.
עָלַ֖יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
אֶֽעֱשֶׂהI will doQal impf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I will do'.
לָּֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
40

וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר כָּל הָעָ֛ם אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ן וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְ עָבָ֑ר וַיִּשַּׁ֨ק הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ לְבַרְזִלַּי֙ וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּ וַיָּ֖שָׁב לִמְקֹמֽוֹ

And all the people went over Jordan. And when the king was come over, the king kissed Barzillai, and blessed him; and he returned to his own place.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he passed on'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּעֲבֹ֧רand he passed onconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָעָ֛םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֖ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
וְהַמֶּ֣לֶךְking ofconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
עָבָ֑רis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
וַיִּשַּׁ֨קand he kissedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָשַׁק (H5401)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשַׁק (H5401) 'and he kissed'.
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לְבַרְזִלַּי֙toprep + N proper · בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזִלַּי (H1271) 'to'.
וַיְבָ֣רֲכֵ֔הוּand he blessed himconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · בֵּרַךְ (H1288)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבֵּרַךְ (H1288) 'and he blessed him'.
וַיָּ֖שָׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
לִמְקֹמֽוֹto his placeprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'to his place'.
41

וַיַּעֲבֹ֤ר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָה וְכִמְהָ֖ן עָבַ֣ר עִמּ֑וֹ וְכָל עַ֤ם יְהוּדָה֙ ויעברו הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּ אֶת הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְגַ֕ם חֲצִ֖י עַ֥ם יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

Then the king went on to Gilgal, and Chimham went on with him: and all the people of Judah conducted the king, and also half the people of Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he passed on'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיַּעֲבֹ֤רand he passed onconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
הַגִּלְגָּ֔לָהat Gilgalart + N proper + Sd · גִּלְגָּל (H1537)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְגָּל (H1537) 'at Gilgal'.
וְכִמְהָ֖ןandconj וְ + N proper · כִּמְהָם (H3643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּמְהָם (H3643) 'and'.
עָבַ֣רis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
עִמּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עַ֤םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
יְהוּדָה֙JudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
ויעברוand they passed throughconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and they passed through'.
הֶעֱבִ֣ירוּare crossingHiphil perf 3cp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'are crossing'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְגַ֕םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
חֲצִ֖יhalf ofN c · חֲצִי (H2677)Construct chain (genitival)חֲצִי (H2677) 'half of'.
עַ֥םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
42

וְהִנֵּ֛ה כָּל אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל בָּאִ֣ים אֶל הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֶל הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ מַדּוּעַ֩ גְּנָב֨וּךָ אַחֵ֜ינוּ אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֗ה וַיַּעֲבִ֨רוּ אֶת הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְאֶת בֵּיתוֹ֙ אֶת הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ן וְכָל אַנְשֵׁ֥י דָוִ֖ד עִמּֽוֹ

And, behold, all the men of Israel came to the king, and said to the king, Why have our brethren the men of Judah stolen you away, and have brought the king, and his household, and all David's men with him, over Jordan?

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'are entering'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וְהִנֵּ֛הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בָּאִ֣יםare enteringQal ptc mp · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'are entering'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֡לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
מַדּוּעַ֩whyinterrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'why'.
גְּנָב֨וּךָyou shall stealQal perf 3cp + sfx 2ms · גָּנַב (H1589)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּנַב (H1589) 'you shall steal'.
אַחֵ֜ינוּour brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'our brother'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֗הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיַּעֲבִ֨רוּand they passed throughconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and they passed through'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
בֵּיתוֹ֙his houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיַּרְדֵּ֔ןthe Jordanart + N proper · הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַיַּרְדֵּן (H3383) 'the Jordan'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אַנְשֵׁ֥יthe men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
דָוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
עִמּֽוֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
43

וַיַּעַן֩ כָּל אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה עַל אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל כִּֽי קָר֤וֹב הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ אֵלַ֔י וְלָ֤מָּה זֶּה֙ חָרָ֣ה לְךָ֔ עַל הַדָּבָ֖ר הַזֶּ֑ה הֶאָכ֤וֹל אָכַ֨לְנוּ֙ מִן הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ אִם נִשֵּׂ֥את נִשָּׂ֖א לָֽנוּ

And all the men of Judah answered the men of Israel, Because the king near of kin to us: wherefore then be you angry for this matter? have we eaten at all of the king's ? or has he given us any gift?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וַיַּעַן֩and answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֜הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קָר֤וֹבnearAdj · קָרוֹב (H7138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרוֹב (H7138) 'near'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֵלַ֔יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
וְלָ֤מָּהand whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
זֶּה֙thisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
חָרָ֣הhas it burnedQal perf 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרָה (H2734) 'has it burned'.
לְךָ֔to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַדָּבָ֖רthe wordart + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the word'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הֶאָכ֤וֹלyou shall eatinterrog. + Qal inf abs · אָכַל (H398)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
אָכַ֨לְנוּ֙you shall eatQal perf 1cp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
נִשֵּׂ֥אתgiftN · נִשֵּׂאת (H5379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִשֵּׂאת (H5379) 'gift'.
נִשָּׂ֖אlifts upN · נָשָׂא (H5375)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
לָֽנוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
44

וַיַּ֣עַן אִֽישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֩ אֶת אִ֨ישׁ יְהוּדָ֜ה וַיֹּ֗אמֶר עֶֽשֶׂר יָד֨וֹת לִ֣י בַמֶּלֶךְ֮ וְגַם בְּדָוִד֮ אֲנִ֣י מִמְּךָ֒ וּמַדּ֨וּעַ֙ הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִי וְלֹא הָיָ֨ה דְבָרִ֥י רִאשׁ֛וֹן לִ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶת מַלְכִּ֑י וַיִּ֨קֶשׁ֙ דְּבַר אִ֣ישׁ יְהוּדָ֔ה מִדְּבַ֖ר אִ֥ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And the men of Israel answered the men of Judah, and said, We have ten parts in the king, and we have also more in David than you: why then did you despise us, that our advice should not be first had in bringing back our king? And the words of the men of Judah were fiercer than the words of the men of Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
וַיַּ֣עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֩IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֜הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיֹּ֗אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
עֶֽשֶׂרtenAdj · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'.
יָד֨וֹתtenonsN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'tenons'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
בַמֶּלֶךְ֮against the king ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'against the king of'.
וְגַםand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
בְּדָוִד֮inprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'in'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
מִמְּךָ֒from youprep + sfx 2ms · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from you'.
וּמַדּ֨וּעַ֙so whyconj וְ + interrog. · מַדּוּעַ (H4069)Particle or relational elementמַדּוּעַ (H4069) 'so why'.
הֱקִלֹּתַ֔נִיto curseHiphil perf 2ms + sfx 1cs · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
וְלֹאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
הָיָ֨הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
דְבָרִ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
רִאשׁ֛וֹןfirstAdj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'first'.
לִ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
לְהָשִׁ֣יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַלְכִּ֑יkings ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'kings of'.
וַיִּ֨קֶשׁ֙it is hardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָשָׁה (H7185)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָשָׁה (H7185) 'it is hard'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
מִדְּבַ֖רfrom a matter ofprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'from a matter of'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.