1
וַ֠יָּשָׁב יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨ט מֶֽלֶךְ יְהוּדָ֧ה אֶל בֵּית֛וֹ בְּשָׁל֖וֹם לִֽירוּשָׁלִָֽם
And Jehoshaphat the king of Judah returned to his house in peace to Jerusalem.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַ֠יָּשָׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֨טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֧הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּית֛וֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
בְּשָׁל֖וֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
לִֽירוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
2
וַיֵּצֵ֣א אֶל פָּנָ֗יו יֵה֣וּא בֶן חֲנָ֘נִי֮ הַחֹזֶה֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ אֶל הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ יְהוֹשָׁפָ֔ט הֲלָרָשָׁ֣ע לַעְזֹ֔ר וּלְשֹׂנְאֵ֥י יְהוָ֖ה תֶּאֱהָ֑ב וּבָזֹאת֙ עָלֶ֣יךָ קֶּ֔צֶף מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה
And Jehu the son of Hanani the seer went out to meet him, and said to king Jehoshaphat, Shouldest you help the ungodly, and love them that hate YHWH? therefore wrath upon you from before YHWH.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֵּצֵ֣אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
פָּנָ֗יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
יֵה֣וּאJehuN · יֵהוּא (H3058)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יֵהוּא (H3058) 'Jehu'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
חֲנָ֘נִי֮HananiN · חֲנָנִי (H2607)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנָנִי (H2607) 'Hanani'.
הַחֹזֶה֒agreementart + Qal ptc ms · חֹזֶה (H2374)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחֹזֶה (H2374) 'agreement'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֔טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
הֲלָרָשָׁ֣עthe wickedinterrog. + prep + art + Adj · רָשָׁע (H7563)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָשָׁע (H7563) 'the wicked'.
לַעְזֹ֔רto helpprep + Qal inf constr · עָזַר (H5826)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָזַר (H5826) 'to help'.
וּלְשֹׂנְאֵ֥יhatingconj וְ + prep + Qal ptc mp · שָׂנֵא (H8130)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׂנֵא (H8130) 'hating'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תֶּאֱהָ֑בto loveQal impf 2ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
וּבָזֹאת֙thisconj וְ + prep + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
עָלֶ֣יךָupon youprep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon you'.
קֶּ֔צֶףwrathN c · קֶצֶף (H7110)Construct chain (genitival)קֶצֶף (H7110) 'wrath'.
מִלִּפְנֵ֖יfrom beforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
3
אֲבָ֕ל דְּבָרִ֥ים טוֹבִ֖ים נִמְצְא֣וּ עִמָּ֑ךְ כִּֽי בִעַ֤רְתָּ הָאֲשֵׁרוֹת֙ מִן הָאָ֔רֶץ וַהֲכִינ֥וֹתָ לְבָבְךָ֖ לִדְרֹ֥שׁ הָֽאֱלֹהִֽים
Nevertheless there are good things found in you, in that you have taken away the groves out of the land, and have prepared your heart to seek God.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'so you shall purge'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אֲבָ֕לno but / indeedart · אֲבָל (H61)Particle or relational elementאֲבָל (H61) 'no but / indeed'.
דְּבָרִ֥יםwords/chargesN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'words/charges'.
טוֹבִ֖יםgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
נִמְצְא֣וּwere foundN · מָצָא (H4672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָצָא (H4672) 'were found'.
עִמָּ֑ךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בִעַ֤רְתָּso you shall purgePiel perf 2ms · בָּעַר (H1197)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבָּעַר (H1197) 'so you shall purge'.
הָאֲשֵׁרוֹת֙the Asherahsart + N proper · אֲשֵׁרָה (H842)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲשֵׁרָה (H842) 'the Asherahs'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וַהֲכִינ֥וֹתָreadyconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2ms · כּוּן (H3559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכּוּן (H3559) 'ready'.
לְבָבְךָ֖your heartN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'your heart'.
לִדְרֹ֥שׁto inquire ofprep + Qal inf constr · דָּרַשׁ (H1875)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדָּרַשׁ (H1875) 'to inquire of'.
הָֽאֱלֹהִֽיםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
4
וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖ט בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וַיָּ֜שָׁב וַיֵּצֵ֣א בָעָ֗ם מִבְּאֵ֥ר שֶׁ֨בַע֙ עַד הַ֣ר אֶפְרַ֔יִם וַיְשִׁיבֵ֕ם אֶל יְהוָ֖ה אֱלֹהֵ֥י אֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽם
And Jehoshaphat dwelt at Jerusalem: and he went out again through the people from Beersheba to mount Ephraim, and brought them back to YHWH God of their fathers.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he dwelt'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֵּ֥שֶׁבand he dweltconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and he dwelt'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֖טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
בִּירוּשָׁלִָ֑םin Jerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'in Jerusalem'.
וַיָּ֜שָׁבand he returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
וַיֵּצֵ֣אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
בָעָ֗םamong the peopleprep + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'among the people'.
מִבְּאֵ֥רfrom Beer-prep + N proper · בְּאֵר (H884)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּאֵר (H884) 'from Beer-'.
שֶׁ֨בַע֙-shebaAdj · בְּאֵר (H884)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּאֵר (H884) '-sheba'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הַ֣רMountN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'Mount'.
אֶפְרַ֔יִםEphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
וַיְשִׁיבֵ֕םand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֥יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
אֲבוֹתֵיהֶֽםhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
5
וַיַּעֲמֵ֨ד שֹֽׁפְטִ֜ים בָּאָ֗רֶץ בְּכָל עָרֵ֧י יְהוּדָ֛ה הַבְּצֻר֖וֹת לְעִ֥יר וָעִֽיר
And he set judges in the land throughout all the fenced cities of Judah, city by city,
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he stood'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיַּעֲמֵ֨דand he stoodconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and he stood'.
שֹֽׁפְטִ֜יםjudgesQal ptc mp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'judges'.
בָּאָ֗רֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
עָרֵ֧יthe cities ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the cities of'.
יְהוּדָ֛הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
הַבְּצֻר֖וֹתfortifiedart + Adj · בָּצוּר (H1219)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּצוּר (H1219) 'fortified'.
לְעִ֥ירthe cityprep + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
וָעִֽירand a city ofconj וְ + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'and a city of'.
6
וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל הַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗ים רְאוּ֙ מָֽה אַתֶּ֣ם עֹשִׂ֔ים כִּ֣י לֹ֧א לְאָדָ֛ם תִּשְׁפְּט֖וּ כִּ֣י לַיהוָ֑ה וְעִמָּכֶ֖ם בִּדְבַ֥ר מִשְׁפָּֽט
And said to the judges, Take heed what you do: for you judge not for man, but for YHWH, who with you in the judgment.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַשֹּֽׁפְטִ֗יםthe judgesart + Qal ptc mp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁפַט (H8199) 'the judges'.
רְאוּ֙sawQal impv 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'saw'.
מָֽהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אַתֶּ֣םyoupron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
עֹשִׂ֔יםare doingQal ptc mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָשָׂה (H6213) 'are doing'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֧אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
לְאָדָ֛םto manprep + N com m sg abs · אָדָם (H120)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָדָם (H120) 'to man'.
תִּשְׁפְּט֖וּand judgeQal impf 2mp · שָׁפַט (H8199)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁפַט (H8199) 'and judge'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לַיהוָ֑הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וְעִמָּכֶ֖םwithconj וְ + prep + sfx 2mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
בִּדְבַ֥רabout the matterprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'about the matter'.
מִשְׁפָּֽטjudgmentN c · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
7
וְעַתָּ֕ה יְהִ֥י פַֽחַד יְהוָ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶ֑ם שִׁמְר֣וּ וַעֲשׂ֔וּ כִּֽי אֵ֞ין עִם יְהוָ֣ה אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּ עַוְלָ֛ה וּמַשֹּׂ֥א פָנִ֖ים וּמִקַּח שֹֽׁחַד
Wherefore now let the fear of YHWH be upon you; take heed and do : for no iniquity with YHWH our God, nor respect of persons, nor taking of gifts.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'let there be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְעַתָּ֕הand nowconj וְ + art · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'and now'.
יְהִ֥יlet there beQal jussive 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalהָיָה (H1961) 'let there be'.
פַֽחַדthe dread of youN c · פַּחַד (H6343)Construct chain (genitival)פַּחַד (H6343) 'the dread of you'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֑םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
שִׁמְר֣וּthey keptQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַר (H8104) 'they kept'.
וַעֲשׂ֔וּand they shall makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and they shall make'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵ֞יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֗ינוּour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'our God'.
עַוְלָ֛הinjusticeN c · עָוֶל (H5766)Construct chain (genitival)עָוֶל (H5766) 'injustice'.
וּמַשֹּׂ֥אandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מַשֹּׂא (H4856)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַשֹּׂא (H4856) 'and'.
פָנִ֖יםfaceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'face'.
וּמִקַּחandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִקָּח (H4727)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִקָּח (H4727) 'and'.
שֹֽׁחַדa bribeN c · שֹׁחַד (H7810)Construct chain (genitival)שֹׁחַד (H7810) 'a bribe'.
8
וְגַ֣ם בִּ֠ירוּשָׁלִַם הֶעֱמִ֨יד יְהוֹשָׁפָ֜ט מִן הַלְוִיִּ֣ם וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֗ים וּמֵרָאשֵׁ֤י הָאָבוֹת֙ לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל לְמִשְׁפַּ֥ט יְהוָ֖ה וְלָרִ֑יב וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּ יְרוּשָׁלִָֽם
Moreover in Jerusalem did Jehoshaphat set of the Levites, and the priests, and of the chief of the fathers of Israel, for the judgment of YHWH, and for controversies, when they returned to Jerusalem.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'standing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְגַ֣םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
בִּ֠ירוּשָׁלִַםin Jerusalemprep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'in Jerusalem'.
הֶעֱמִ֨ידstandingHiphil perf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
יְהוֹשָׁפָ֜טandN · יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹשָׁפָט (H3092) 'and'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַלְוִיִּ֣םthe Levitesart + N gentilic m pl abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'the Levites'.
וְהַכֹּהֲנִ֗יםand the priestsconj וְ + art + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'and the priests'.
וּמֵרָאשֵׁ֤יthe head ofconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הָאָבוֹת֙the fathersart + N com m pl abs · אָב (H1)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָב (H1) 'the fathers'.
לְיִשְׂרָאֵ֔לto Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'to Israel'.
לְמִשְׁפַּ֥טfor judgmentprep + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'for judgment'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְלָרִ֑יבdisputeconj וְ + prep + art + N com c sg abs · רִיב (H7379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
וַיָּשֻׁ֖בוּand they returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָֽםJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
9
וַיְצַ֥ו עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֤ה תַעֲשׂוּן֙ בְּיִרְאַ֣ת יְהוָ֔ה בֶּאֱמוּנָ֖ה וּבְלֵבָ֥ב שָׁלֵֽם
And he charged them, saying, Thus shall you do in the fear of YHWH, faithfully, and with a perfect heart.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he commanded'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיְצַ֥וand he commandedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצִוָּה (H6680) 'and he commanded'.
עֲלֵיהֶ֖םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
כֹּ֤הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
תַעֲשׂוּן֙you shall doQal impf 2mp + Sn · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall do'.
בְּיִרְאַ֣תfear ofprep + N com f sg constr · יִרְאָה (H3374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִרְאָה (H3374) 'fear of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בֶּאֱמוּנָ֖הfaithfulnessprep + N com f sg abs · אֱמוּנָה (H530)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱמוּנָה (H530) 'faithfulness'.
וּבְלֵבָ֥בyour heartconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · לֵבָב (H3824)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵבָב (H3824) 'your heart'.
שָׁלֵֽםcompleteAdj · שָׁלֵם (H8003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלֵם (H8003) 'complete'.
10
וְכָל רִיב֩ אֲשֶׁר יָב֨וֹא עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם מֵאֲחֵיכֶ֣ם הַיֹּשְׁבִ֣ים בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗ם בֵּֽין דָּ֣ם לְדָם֮ בֵּין תּוֹרָ֣ה לְמִצְוָה֮ לְחֻקִּ֣ים וּלְמִשְׁפָּטִים֒ וְהִזְהַרְתֶּ֣ם אֹתָ֔ם וְלֹ֤א יֶאְשְׁמוּ֙ לַיהוָ֔ה וְהָֽיָה קֶ֥צֶף עֲלֵיכֶ֖ם וְעַל אֲחֵיכֶ֑ם כֹּ֥ה תַעֲשׂ֖וּן וְלֹ֥א תֶאְשָֽׁמוּ
And what cause soever shall come to you of your brethren that dwell in their cities, between blood and blood, between law and commandment, statutes and judgments, you shall even warn them that they trespass not against YHWH, and wrath come upon you, and upon your brethren: this do, and you shall not trespass.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he may come'.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
רִיב֩disputeN c · רִיב (H7379)Construct chain (genitival)רִיב (H7379) 'dispute'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָב֨וֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֜םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
מֵאֲחֵיכֶ֣םhis brothersprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2mp · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
הַיֹּשְׁבִ֣יםwho dwellart + Qal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'who dwell'.
בְּעָרֵיהֶ֗םin their citiesprep + N com f pl constr + sfx 3mp · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'in their cities'.
בֵּֽיןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
דָּ֣םbloodN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood'.
לְדָם֮into bloodprep + N com m sg abs · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'into blood'.
בֵּיןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
תּוֹרָ֣הa torahN c · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹרָה (H8451) 'a torah'.
לְמִצְוָה֮the commandments ofprep + N com f sg abs · מִצְוָה (H4687)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְוָה (H4687) 'the commandments of'.
לְחֻקִּ֣יםthe statutesprep + N com m pl abs · חֹק (H2706)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹק (H2706) 'the statutes'.
וּלְמִשְׁפָּטִים֒judgmentconj וְ + prep + N com m pl abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment'.
וְהִזְהַרְתֶּ֣םand you shall warn/instructconj וְ + Hiphil q 2mp · זָהַר (H2094)Particle or relational elementזָהַר (H2094) 'and you shall warn/instruct'.
אֹתָ֔םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
וְלֹ֤אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יֶאְשְׁמוּ֙then he is guiltyQal impf 3mp · אָשֵׁם (H816)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָשֵׁם (H816) 'then he is guilty'.
לַיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וְהָֽיָהand it shall beconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
קֶ֥צֶףwrathN c · קֶצֶף (H7110)Construct chain (genitival)קֶצֶף (H7110) 'wrath'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֖םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אֲחֵיכֶ֑םyour brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'your brother'.
כֹּ֥הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
תַעֲשׂ֖וּןyou shall doQal impf 2mp + Sn · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you shall do'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תֶאְשָֽׁמוּthen he is guiltyQal impf 2mp · אָשֵׁם (H816)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָשֵׁם (H816) 'then he is guilty'.
11
וְהִנֵּ֡ה אֲמַרְיָ֣הוּ כֹהֵן֩ הָרֹ֨אשׁ עֲלֵיכֶ֜ם לְכֹ֣ל דְּבַר יְהוָ֗ה וּזְבַדְיָ֨הוּ בֶן יִשְׁמָעֵ֜אל הַנָּגִ֤יד לְבֵית יְהוּדָה֙ לְכֹ֣ל דְּבַר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ וְשֹׁטְרִ֥ים הַלְוִיִּ֖ם לִפְנֵיכֶ֑ם חִזְק֣וּ וַעֲשׂ֔וּ וִיהִ֥י יְהוָ֖ה עִם הַטּֽוֹב
And, behold, Amariah the chief priest over you in all matters of YHWH; and Zebadiah the son of Ishmael, the ruler of the house of Judah, for all the king's matters: also the Levites officers before you. Deal courageously, and YHWH shall be with the good.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and officers'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וְהִנֵּ֡הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
אֲמַרְיָ֣הוּAmariahN · אֲמַרְיָה (H568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲמַרְיָה (H568) 'Amariah'.
כֹהֵן֩priest ofN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest of'.
הָרֹ֨אשׁthe headart + N com m sg abs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head'.
עֲלֵיכֶ֜םagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
לְכֹ֣לto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וּזְבַדְיָ֨הוּandconj וְ + N proper · זְבַדְיָה (H2069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זְבַדְיָה (H2069) 'and'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יִשְׁמָעֵ֜אלIshmaelN · יִשְׁמָעֵאל (H3458)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׁמָעֵאל (H3458) 'Ishmael'.
הַנָּגִ֤ידtoart + N com m sg abs · נָגִיד (H5057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָגִיד (H5057) 'to'.
לְבֵיתby the house ofprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'by the house of'.
יְהוּדָה֙JudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
לְכֹ֣לto allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'to all'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְשֹׁטְרִ֥יםand officersconj וְ + Qal ptc mp · שָׁטַר (H7860)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁטַר (H7860) 'and officers'.
הַלְוִיִּ֖םthe Levitesart + N gentilic m pl abs · לֵוִי (H3881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֵוִי (H3881) 'the Levites'.
לִפְנֵיכֶ֑םbefore youprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 2mp · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before you'.
חִזְק֣וּbe strongQal impv 2mp · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
וַעֲשׂ֔וּand they shall makeconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and they shall make'.
וִיהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַטּֽוֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.