Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The First Book of Samuel, Chapter 17שמואל א 17

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

1 Samuel 17 (58 verses in the MT) opens: Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim. The middle of the chapter continues: And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner. It closes: And Saul said to him, Whose son you, young man? And David answered, I the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 1 Samuel 17 comprises 58 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-12) — Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were g. Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim. And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines. And the Philistines stood on a mountain on. Movement II (vv. 13-24) — And the three eldest sons of Jesse went followed Saul to the battle: and. And the three eldest sons of Jesse went followed Saul to the battle: and the names of his three sons that went to the battle Eliab the firstborn, and next to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah. And David the youngest: and the three eldest followed Saul. But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem. And the Philistine drew. Movement III (vv. 25-36) — And the men of Israel said, Have you seen this man that is come up? sure. And the men of Israel said, Have you seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel. And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that. Movement IV (vv. 37-48) — David said moreover, YHWH that delivered me out of the paw of the lion,. David said moreover, YHWH that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said to David, Go, and YHWH be with you. And Saul armed David with his armour, and he put an helmet of brass upon his head; also he armed him with a coat of mail. And David girded his sword. Movement V (vv. 49-58) — And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang ,. And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang , and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth. So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but no sword in the hand of David. Therefore David ran,. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּ פְלִשְׁתִּ֤ים אֶת מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙ לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּ שֹׂכֹ֖ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר לִיהוּדָ֑ה וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּ בֵּין שׂוֹכֹ֥ה וּבֵין עֲזֵקָ֖ה בְּאֶ֥פֶס דַּמִּֽים

Now the Philistines gathered together their armies to battle, and were gathered together at Shochoh, which to Judah, and pitched between Shochoh and Azekah, in Ephesdammim.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they gathered'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיַּאַסְפ֨וּand they gatheredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַף (H622) 'and they gathered'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֤יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַֽחֲנֵיהֶם֙their armiesN c · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'their armies'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וַיֵּאָ֣סְפ֔וּand they gatheredconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָסַף (H622)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָסַף (H622) 'and they gathered'.
שֹׂכֹ֖הSocohN · שׂוֹכֹה (H7755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׂוֹכֹה (H7755) 'Socoh'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִיהוּדָ֑הfor Judahprep + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'for Judah'.
וַֽיַּחֲנ֛וּand they encampedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · חָנָה (H2583)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָנָה (H2583) 'and they encamped'.
בֵּיןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
שׂוֹכֹ֥הSocohN · שׂוֹכֹה (H7755)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׂוֹכֹה (H7755) 'Socoh'.
וּבֵיןand betweenconj וְ + prep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'and between'.
עֲזֵקָ֖הAzekahN · עֲזֵקָה (H5825)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲזֵקָה (H5825) 'Azekah'.
בְּאֶ֥פֶסinprep + N proper · אֶפֶס דַּמִּים (H658)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפֶס דַּמִּים (H658) 'in'.
דַּמִּֽיםEphes-dammimN · אֶפֶס דַּמִּים (H658)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפֶס דַּמִּים (H658) 'Ephes-dammim'.
2

וְשָׁא֤וּל וְאִֽישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ נֶאֶסְפ֔וּ וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּ בְּעֵ֣מֶק הָאֵלָ֑ה וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּ מִלְחָמָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים

And Saul and the men of Israel were gathered together, and pitched by the valley of Elah, and set the battle in array against the Philistines.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they encamped'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְשָׁא֤וּלand Saulconj וְ + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'and Saul'.
וְאִֽישׁand a manconj וְ + N com m sg constr · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
נֶאֶסְפ֔וּwere gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'were gathered'.
וַֽיַּחֲנ֖וּand they encampedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · חָנָה (H2583)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָנָה (H2583) 'and they encamped'.
בְּעֵ֣מֶקin the valley ofprep + N com m sg constr · עֵמֶק (H6010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
הָאֵלָ֑הElahN · אֵלָה (H425)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלָה (H425) 'Elah'.
וַיַּעַרְכ֥וּand they drew upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and they drew up'.
מִלְחָמָ֖הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
לִקְרַ֥אתhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
3

וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞ים עֹמְדִ֤ים אֶל הָהָר֙ מִזֶּ֔ה וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל עֹמְדִ֥ים אֶל הָהָ֖ר מִזֶּ֑ה וְהַגַּ֖יְא בֵּינֵיהֶֽם

And the Philistines stood on a mountain on the one side, and Israel stood on a mountain on the other side: and a valley between them.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'standing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֞יםthe Philistinesconj וְ + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
עֹמְדִ֤יםstandingQal ptc mp · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָהָר֙the mountainart + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'the mountain'.
מִזֶּ֔הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
וְיִשְׂרָאֵ֛לnow Israelconj וְ + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'now Israel'.
עֹמְדִ֥יםstandingQal ptc mp · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָהָ֖רthe mountainart + N com m sg abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'the mountain'.
מִזֶּ֑הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
וְהַגַּ֖יְאin the valleyconj וְ + art + N com c sg abs · גַּיְא (H1516)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּיְא (H1516) 'in the valley'.
בֵּינֵיהֶֽםbetweenprep + sfx 3mp · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
4

וַיֵּצֵ֤א אִֽישׁ הַבֵּנַ֨יִם֙ מִמַּחֲנ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים גָּלְיָ֥ת שְׁמ֖וֹ מִגַּ֑ת גָּבְה֕וֹ שֵׁ֥שׁ אַמּ֖וֹת וָזָֽרֶת

And there went out a champion out of the camp of the Philistines, named Goliath, of Gath, whose height six cubits and a span.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיֵּצֵ֤אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
הַבֵּנַ֨יִם֙+ championart + N com m du abs · בֵּנַיִם (H1143)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּנַיִם (H1143) '+ champion'.
מִמַּחֲנ֣וֹתthe campprep + N com c pl constr · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
גָּלְיָ֥תGoliathN · גׇּלְיַת (H1555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גׇּלְיַת (H1555) 'Goliath'.
שְׁמ֖וֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
מִגַּ֑תin Gathprep + N proper · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
גָּבְה֕וֹexcellencyN c · גֹּבַהּ (H1363)Construct chain (genitival)גֹּבַהּ (H1363) 'excellency'.
שֵׁ֥שׁsixAdj · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'six'.
אַמּ֖וֹתcubitsN c · אַמָּה (H520)Construct chain (genitival)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubits'.
וָזָֽרֶתand a spanconj וְ + N com f sg abs · זֶרֶת (H2239)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶרֶת (H2239) 'and a span'.
5

וְכ֤וֹבַע נְחֹ֨שֶׁת֙ עַל רֹאשׁ֔וֹ וְשִׁרְי֥וֹן קַשְׂקַשִּׂ֖ים ה֣וּא לָב֑וּשׁ וּמִשְׁקַל֙ הַשִּׁרְי֔וֹן חֲמֵשֶׁת אֲלָפִ֥ים שְׁקָלִ֖ים נְחֹֽשֶֽׁת

And an helmet of brass upon his head, and he armed with a coat of mail; and the weight of the coat five thousand shekels of brass.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and you shall clothe'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְכ֤וֹבַעandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כּוֹבַע (H3553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כּוֹבַע (H3553) 'and'.
נְחֹ֨שֶׁת֙bronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹאשׁ֔וֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
וְשִׁרְי֥וֹןandconj וְ + N com c sg constr · שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302) 'and'.
קַשְׂקַשִּׂ֖יםand scalesN c · קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת (H7193)Construct chain (genitival)קַשְׂקֶשֶׂת (H7193) 'and scales'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
לָב֑וּשׁand you shall clotheQal ptc ms · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
וּמִשְׁקַל֙its weightconj וְ + N com m sg constr · מִשְׁקָל (H4948)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁקָל (H4948) 'its weight'.
הַשִּׁרְי֔וֹןbreastplateart + N com c sg abs · שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302) 'breastplate'.
חֲמֵשֶׁתthe five ofAdj · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'the five of'.
אֲלָפִ֥יםthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
שְׁקָלִ֖יםshekelsN c · שֶׁקֶל (H8255)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶל (H8255) 'shekels'.
נְחֹֽשֶֽׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
6

וּמִצְחַ֥ת נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל רַגְלָ֑יו וְכִיד֥וֹן נְחֹ֖שֶׁת בֵּ֥ין כְּתֵפָֽיו

And greaves of brass upon his legs, and a target of brass between his shoulders.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּמִצְחַ֥תandconj וְ + N com f sg constr · מִצְחָה (H4697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְחָה (H4697) 'and'.
נְחֹ֖שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רַגְלָ֑יוhis feetN c · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct chain (genitival)רֶגֶל (H7272) 'his feet'.
וְכִיד֥וֹןwith the javelinconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כִּידוֹן (H3591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּידוֹן (H3591) 'with the javelin'.
נְחֹ֖שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
בֵּ֥יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
כְּתֵפָֽיוhis shouldersN c · כָּתֵף (H3802)Construct chain (genitival)כָּתֵף (H3802) 'his shoulders'.
7

וחץ וְעֵ֣ץ חֲנִית֗וֹ כִּמְנוֹר֙ אֹֽרְגִ֔ים וְלַהֶ֣בֶת חֲנִית֔וֹ שֵׁשׁ מֵא֥וֹת שְׁקָלִ֖ים בַּרְזֶ֑ל וְנֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה הֹלֵ֥ךְ לְפָנָֽיו

And the staff of his spear like a weaver's beam; and his spear's head six hundred shekels of iron: and one bearing a shield went before him.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'a weaver,'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וחץmy arrowsconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חֵץ (H2671)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵץ (H2671) 'my arrows'.
וְעֵ֣ץand the tree ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'and the tree of'.
חֲנִית֗וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
כִּמְנוֹר֙as / likeprep + N com m sg constr · מָנוֹר (H4500)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָנוֹר (H4500) 'as / like'.
אֹֽרְגִ֔יםa weaver,Qal ptc mp · אָרַג (H707)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַג (H707) 'a weaver,'.
וְלַהֶ֣בֶתa flameconj וְ + N com f sg constr · לֶהָבָה (H3852)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לֶהָבָה (H3852) 'a flame'.
חֲנִית֔וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
שֵׁשׁsixAdj · שֵׁשׁ (H8337)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁשׁ (H8337) 'six'.
מֵא֥וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
שְׁקָלִ֖יםshekelsN c · שֶׁקֶל (H8255)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁקֶל (H8255) 'shekels'.
בַּרְזֶ֑לironN c · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Construct chain (genitival)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'iron'.
וְנֹשֵׂ֥אand he shall bearconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and he shall bear'.
הַצִּנָּ֖הbucklerart + N com f sg abs · צִנָּה (H6793)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִנָּה (H6793) 'buckler'.
הֹלֵ֥ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
לְפָנָֽיוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
8

וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗ד וַיִּקְרָא֙ אֶל מַעַרְכֹ֣ת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהֶ֔ם לָ֥מָּה תֵצְא֖וּ לַעֲרֹ֣ךְ מִלְחָמָ֑ה הֲל֧וֹא אָנֹכִ֣י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗י וְאַתֶּם֙ עֲבָדִ֣ים לְשָׁא֔וּל בְּרוּ לָכֶ֥ם אִ֖ישׁ וְיֵרֵ֥ד אֵלָֽי

And he stood and cried to the armies of Israel, and said to them, Why are you come out to set battle in array? not I a Philistine, and you servants to Saul? choose you a man for you, and let him come down to me.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he stood'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֗דand he stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and he stood'.
וַיִּקְרָא֙and he calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מַעַרְכֹ֣תthe arrangement,N c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָהֶ֔םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לָ֥מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
תֵצְא֖וּyou shall go outQal impf 2mp · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָצָא (H3318) 'you shall go out'.
לַעֲרֹ֣ךְand he arrangedprep + Qal inf constr · עָרַךְ (H6186)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
מִלְחָמָ֑הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
הֲל֧וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
אָנֹכִ֣יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֗יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וְאַתֶּם֙and youconj וְ + pron 2mp · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
עֲבָדִ֣יםslavesN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'slaves'.
לְשָׁא֔וּלof Shaulprep + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'of Shaul'.
בְּרוּchooseQal impv 2mp · בָּרָה (H1262)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeבָּרָה (H1262) 'choose'.
לָכֶ֥םto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אִ֖ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְיֵרֵ֥דand went downconj וְ + Qal jussive 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
אֵלָֽיto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
9

אִם יוּכַ֞ל לְהִלָּחֵ֤ם אִתִּי֙ וְהִכָּ֔נִי וְהָיִ֥ינוּ לָכֶ֖ם לַעֲבָדִ֑ים וְאִם אֲנִ֤י אֽוּכַל לוֹ֙ וְהִכִּיתִ֔יו וִהְיִ֤יתֶם לָ֨נוּ֙ לַעֲבָדִ֔ים וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֖ם אֹתָֽנוּ

If he be able to fight with me, and to kill me, then will we be your servants: but if I prevail against him, and kill him, then shall you be our servants, and serve us.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedʼim
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he may'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יוּכַ֞לhe mayQal impf 3ms · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'he may'.
לְהִלָּחֵ֤םto fightprep + Niphal inf constr · לָחַם (H3898)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
אִתִּי֙with meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
וְהִכָּ֔נִיand strike meconj וְ + Hiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and strike me'.
וְהָיִ֥ינוּand we will becomeconj וְ + Qal q 1cp · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and we will become'.
לָכֶ֖םto youprep + sfx 2mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
לַעֲבָדִ֑יםas slavesprep + N com m pl abs · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'as slaves'.
וְאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
אֲנִ֤יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
אֽוּכַלI am ableQal impf 1cs · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'I am able'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְהִכִּיתִ֔יוand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil perf 1cs + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
וִהְיִ֤יתֶםand you shall beconj וְ + Qal q 2mp · הָיָה (H1961)Particle or relational elementהָיָה (H1961) 'and you shall be'.
לָ֨נוּ֙to usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
לַעֲבָדִ֔יםas slavesprep + N com m pl abs · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'as slaves'.
וַעֲבַדְתֶּ֖םand serveconj וְ + Qal q 2mp · עָבַד (H5647)Particle or relational elementעָבַד (H5647) 'and serve'.
אֹתָֽנוּusobj marker + sfx 1cp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'us'.
10

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אֲנִ֗י חֵרַ֛פְתִּי אֶת מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֑ה תְּנוּ לִ֣י אִ֔ישׁ וְנִֽלָּחֲמָ֖ה יָֽחַד

And the Philistine said, I defy the armies of Israel this day; give me a man, that we may fight together.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶר֙and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֲנִ֗יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
חֵרַ֛פְתִּיthat scornedPiel perf 1cs · חָרַף (H2778)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַעַרְכ֥וֹתrowsN c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'rows'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הַיּ֣וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
תְּנוּgiveQal impv 2mp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָתַן (H5414) 'give'.
לִ֣יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אִ֔ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְנִֽלָּחֲמָ֖הand let us fightconj וְ + Niphal cohortative 1cp · לָחַם (H3898)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalלָחַם (H3898) 'and let us fight'.
יָֽחַדtogetherN c · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Construct chain (genitival)יַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
11

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע שָׁאוּל֙ וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל אֶת דִּבְרֵ֥י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּ וַיִּֽרְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד

When Saul and all Israel heard those words of the Philistine, they were dismayed, and greatly afraid.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
שָׁאוּל֙ShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דִּבְרֵ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הָאֵ֑לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
וַיֵּחַ֥תּוּbe dismayedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · חָתַת (H2865)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָתַת (H2865) 'be dismayed'.
וַיִּֽרְא֖וּand fearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and fear'.
מְאֹֽדveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
12

וְדָוִד֩ בֶּן אִ֨ישׁ אֶפְרָתִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִבֵּ֥ית לֶ֨חֶם֙ יְהוּדָ֔ה וּשְׁמ֣וֹ יִשַׁ֔י וְל֖וֹ שְׁמֹנָ֣ה בָנִ֑ים וְהָאִישׁ֙ בִּימֵ֣י שָׁא֔וּל זָקֵ֖ן בָּ֥א בַאֲנָשִֽׁים

Now David the son of that Ephrathite of Bethlehemjudah, whose name Jesse; and he had eight sons: and the man went among men an old man in the days of Saul.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was old'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְדָוִד֩andconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶפְרָתִ֜יEphraimiteN · אֶפְרָתִי (H673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרָתִי (H673) 'Ephraimite'.
הַזֶּ֗הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
מִבֵּ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
יְהוּדָ֔הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וּשְׁמ֣וֹand his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and his name'.
יִשַׁ֔יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
וְל֖וֹand to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שְׁמֹנָ֣הeightAdj · שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנֶה (H8083) 'eight'.
בָנִ֑יםsonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons'.
וְהָאִישׁ֙and the manconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and the man'.
בִּימֵ֣יin the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days of'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
זָקֵ֖ןwas oldQal perf 3ms · זָקֵן (H2204)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָקֵן (H2204) 'was old'.
בָּ֥אcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
בַאֲנָשִֽׁיםamong the menprep + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'among the men'.
13

וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת בְּנֵֽי יִשַׁי֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֥וּ אַחֲרֵי שָׁא֖וּל לַמִּלְחָמָ֑ה וְשֵׁ֣ם שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁת בָּנָ֗יו אֲשֶׁ֤ר הָלְכוּ֙ בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔ה אֱלִיאָ֣ב הַבְּכ֗וֹר וּמִשְׁנֵ֨הוּ֙ אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔ב וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖י שַׁמָּֽה

And the three eldest sons of Jesse went followed Saul to the battle: and the names of his three sons that went to the battle Eliab the firstborn, and next to him Abinadab, and the third Shammah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֵּ֨לְכ֜וּand they wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and they went'.
שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
בְּנֵֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יִשַׁי֙JesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
הַגְּדֹלִ֔יםthe greatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'the great'.
הָלְכ֥וּwalkedQal perf 3cp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walked'.
אַחֲרֵיafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֑הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וְשֵׁ֣םand the name ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and the name of'.
שְׁלֹ֣שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
בָּנָ֗יוhis sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his sons'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָלְכוּ֙walkedQal perf 3cp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walked'.
בַּמִּלְחָמָ֔הin the battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'in the battle'.
אֱלִיאָ֣בEliabN · אֱלִיאָב (H446)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיאָב (H446) 'Eliab'.
הַבְּכ֗וֹרthe firstbornart + N com m sg abs · בְּכוֹר (H1060)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּכוֹר (H1060) 'the firstborn'.
וּמִשְׁנֵ֨הוּ֙doubleconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מִשְׁנֶה (H4932)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִשְׁנֶה (H4932) 'double'.
אֲבִ֣ינָדָ֔בAbinadabN · אֲבִינָדָב (H41)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִינָדָב (H41) 'Abinadab'.
וְהַשְּׁלִשִׁ֖יthe thirdconj וְ + art + Adj · שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992) 'the third'.
שַׁמָּֽהShammahN · שַׁמָּה (H8048)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמָּה (H8048) 'Shammah'.
14

וְדָוִ֖ד ה֣וּא הַקָּטָ֑ן וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙ הַגְּדֹלִ֔ים הָלְכ֖וּ אַחֲרֵ֥י שָׁאֽוּל

And David the youngest: and the three eldest followed Saul.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'walked'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְדָוִ֖דandconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'and'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
הַקָּטָ֑ןthe youngestart + Adj · קָטֹן (H6996)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָטֹן (H6996) 'the youngest'.
וּשְׁלֹשָׁה֙and threeconj וְ + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'and three'.
הַגְּדֹלִ֔יםthe greatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'the great'.
הָלְכ֖וּwalkedQal perf 3cp · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walked'.
אַחֲרֵ֥יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
שָׁאֽוּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
15

וְדָוִ֛ד הֹלֵ֥ךְ וָשָׁ֖ב מֵעַ֣ל שָׁא֑וּל לִרְע֛וֹת אֶת צֹ֥אן אָבִ֖יו בֵּֽית לָֽחֶם

But David went and returned from Saul to feed his father's sheep at Bethlehem.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְדָוִ֛דandconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'and'.
הֹלֵ֥ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
וָשָׁ֖בand it turnedconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשׁוּב (H7725) 'and it turned'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לִרְע֛וֹתto pastureprep + Qal inf constr · רָעָה (H7462)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָעָה (H7462) 'to pasture'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
צֹ֥אןflocksN c · צֹאן (H6629)Construct chain (genitival)צֹאן (H6629) 'flocks'.
אָבִ֖יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
בֵּֽיתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָֽחֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
16

וַיִּגַּ֥שׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַשְׁכֵּ֣ם וְהַעֲרֵ֑ב וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖ב אַרְבָּעִ֥ים יֽוֹם

And the Philistine drew near morning and evening, and presented himself forty days.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he drew near'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיִּגַּ֥שׁand he drew nearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַשׁ (H5066)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַשׁ (H5066) 'and he drew near'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַשְׁכֵּ֣םrise earlyHiphil inf abs · שָׁכַם (H7925)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁכַם (H7925) 'rise early'.
וְהַעֲרֵ֑בtoconj וְ + Hiphil inf abs · עָרַב (H6150)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionעָרַב (H6150) 'to'.
וַיִּתְיַצֵּ֖בand he stationed himselfconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and he stationed himself'.
אַרְבָּעִ֥יםfortyAdj · אַרְבָּעִים (H705)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבָּעִים (H705) 'forty'.
יֽוֹםdayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
17

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר יִשַׁ֜י לְדָוִ֣ד בְּנ֗וֹ קַח נָ֤א לְאַחֶ֨יךָ֙ אֵיפַ֤ת הַקָּלִיא֙ הַזֶּ֔ה וַעֲשָׂרָ֥ה לֶ֖חֶם הַזֶּ֑ה וְהָרֵ֥ץ הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖ה לְאַחֶֽיךָ

And Jesse said to David his son, Take now for your brethren an ephah of this parched , and these ten loaves, and run to the camp to your brethren;

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יִשַׁ֜יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
לְדָוִ֣דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
בְּנ֗וֹhis sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'his son'.
קַחtakeQal impv 2ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeלָקַח (H3947) 'take'.
נָ֤אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
לְאַחֶ֨יךָ֙to your brotherprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'to your brother'.
אֵיפַ֤תan ephah ofN c · אֵיפָה (H374)Construct chain (genitival)אֵיפָה (H374) 'an ephah of'.
הַקָּלִיא֙or roasted grainart + N com m sg abs · קָלִי (H7039)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָלִי (H7039) 'or roasted grain'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וַעֲשָׂרָ֥הand tenconj וְ + Adj c · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'and ten'.
לֶ֖חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וְהָרֵ֥ץand he ranconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֖הthe campart + N com c sg abs · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp'.
לְאַחֶֽיךָto your brotherprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 2ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'to your brother'.
18

וְ֠אֵת עֲשֶׂ֜רֶת חֲרִצֵ֤י הֶֽחָלָב֙ הָאֵ֔לֶּה תָּבִ֖יא לְשַׂר הָאָ֑לֶף וְאֶת אַחֶ֨יךָ֙ תִּפְקֹ֣ד לְשָׁל֔וֹם וְאֶת עֲרֻבָּתָ֖ם תִּקָּֽח

And carry these ten cheeses to the captain of thousand, and look how your brethren fare, and take their pledge.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'you shall bring'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְ֠אֵתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
עֲשֶׂ֜רֶתtenAdj · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'.
חֲרִצֵ֤יcheeseN c · חָרִיץ (H2757)Construct chain (genitival)חָרִיץ (H2757) 'cheese'.
הֶֽחָלָב֙the milkart + N com m sg abs · חָלָב (H2461)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָב (H2461) 'the milk'.
הָאֵ֔לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
תָּבִ֖יאyou shall bringHiphil impf 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you shall bring'.
לְשַׂרto chief ofprep + N com m sg constr · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'to chief of'.
הָאָ֑לֶףthe thousandart + Adj c · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'the thousand'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
אַחֶ֨יךָ֙your brotherN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'your brother'.
תִּפְקֹ֣דyou shall enrollQal impf 2ms · פָּקַד (H6485)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפָּקַד (H6485) 'you shall enroll'.
לְשָׁל֔וֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
עֲרֻבָּתָ֖םpledgeN c · עֲרֻבָּה (H6161)Construct chain (genitival)עֲרֻבָּה (H6161) 'pledge'.
תִּקָּֽחyou shall takeQal impf 2ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלָקַח (H3947) 'you shall take'.
19

וְשָׁא֤וּל וְהֵ֨מָּה֙ וְכָל אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בְּעֵ֖מֶק הָֽאֵלָ֑ה נִלְחָמִ֖ים עִם פְּלִשְׁתִּֽים

Now Saul, and they, and all the men of Israel, in the valley of Elah, fighting with the Philistines.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְשָׁא֤וּלand Saulconj וְ + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'and Saul'.
וְהֵ֨מָּה֙now theyconj וְ + pron 3mp · הֵמָּה (H1992)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵמָּה (H1992) 'now they'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בְּעֵ֖מֶקin the valley ofprep + N com m sg constr · עֵמֶק (H6010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
הָֽאֵלָ֑הElahN · אֵלָה (H425)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלָה (H425) 'Elah'.
נִלְחָמִ֖יםfightN · לָחַם (H3898)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לָחַם (H3898) 'fight'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
20

וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨ם דָּוִ֜ד בַּבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּטֹּ֤שׁ אֶת הַצֹּאן֙ עַל שֹׁמֵ֔ר וַיִּשָּׂ֣א וַיֵּ֔לֶךְ כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר צִוָּ֖הוּ יִשָׁ֑י וַיָּבֹא֙ הַמַּעְגָּ֔לָה וְהַחַ֗יִל הַיֹּצֵא֙ אֶל הַמַּ֣עֲרָכָ֔ה וְהֵרֵ֖עוּ בַּמִּלְחָמָֽה

And David rose up early in the morning, and left the sheep with a keeper, and took, and went, as Jesse had commanded him; and he came to the trench, as the host was going forth to the fight, and shouted for the battle.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he rose early'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיַּשְׁכֵּ֨םand he rose earlyconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁכַם (H7925)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַם (H7925) 'and he rose early'.
דָּוִ֜דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּבֹּ֗קֶרin the morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
וַיִּטֹּ֤שׁand he forsookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָטַשׁ (H5203)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטַשׁ (H5203) 'and he forsook'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַצֹּאן֙the flockart + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'the flock'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שֹׁמֵ֔רkeepQal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'keep'.
וַיִּשָּׂ֣אand he took upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and he took up'.
וַיֵּ֔לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
צִוָּ֖הוּhe had commanded himPiel perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצִוָּה (H6680) 'he had commanded him'.
יִשָׁ֑יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
וַיָּבֹא֙and he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
הַמַּעְגָּ֔לָהgoingart + N com m sg abs + Sd · מַעְגָּל (H4570)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעְגָּל (H4570) 'going'.
וְהַחַ֗יִלvalorconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'valor'.
הַיֹּצֵא֙that comes outart + Qal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'that comes out'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמַּ֣עֲרָכָ֔הthe arrangement,art + N com f sg abs · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
וְהֵרֵ֖עוּshout!conj וְ + Hiphil perf 3cp · רוּעַ (H7321)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרוּעַ (H7321) 'shout!'.
בַּמִּלְחָמָֽהin the battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'in the battle'.
21

וַתַּעֲרֹ֤ךְ יִשְׂרָאֵל֙ וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים מַעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את מַעֲרָכָֽה

For Israel and the Philistines had put the battle in array, army against army.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he arranged'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַתַּעֲרֹ֤ךְand he arrangedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · עָרַךְ (H6186)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָרַךְ (H6186) 'and he arranged'.
יִשְׂרָאֵל֙IsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וּפְלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe Philistinesconj וְ + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
מַעֲרָכָ֖הthe arrangement,N c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
לִקְרַ֥אתhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
מַעֲרָכָֽהthe arrangement,N c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
22

וַיִּטֹּשׁ֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶת הַכֵּלִ֜ים מֵעָלָ֗יו עַל יַד֙ שׁוֹמֵ֣ר הַכֵּלִ֔ים וַיָּ֖רָץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֑ה וַיָּבֹ֕א וַיִּשְׁאַ֥ל לְאֶחָ֖יו לְשָׁלֽוֹם

And David left his carriage in the hand of the keeper of the carriage, and ran into the army, and came and saluted his brethren.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he forsook'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיִּטֹּשׁ֩and he forsookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָטַשׁ (H5203)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָטַשׁ (H5203) 'and he forsook'.
דָּוִ֨דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַכֵּלִ֜יםthe vesselsart + N com m pl abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'the vessels'.
מֵעָלָ֗יוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יַד֙the hand ofN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'the hand of'.
שׁוֹמֵ֣רand you shall keepQal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
הַכֵּלִ֔יםthe vesselsart + N com m pl abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'the vessels'.
וַיָּ֖רָץand he ranconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
הַמַּעֲרָכָ֑הthe arrangement,art + N com f sg abs · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
וַיָּבֹ֕אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
וַיִּשְׁאַ֥לand he askedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁאַל (H7592) 'and he asked'.
לְאֶחָ֖יוto his brothersprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אָח (H251)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָח (H251) 'to his brothers'.
לְשָׁלֽוֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
23

וְה֣וּא מְדַבֵּ֣ר עִמָּ֗ם וְהִנֵּ֣ה אִ֣ישׁ הַבֵּנַ֡יִם עוֹלֶ֞ה גָּלְיָת֩ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י שְׁמ֤וֹ מִגַּת֙ ממערות מִמַּעַרְכ֣וֹת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים וַיְדַבֵּ֖ר כַּדְּבָרִ֣ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וַיִּשְׁמַ֖ע דָּוִֽד

And as he talked with them, behold, there came up the champion, the Philistine of Gath, Goliath by name, out of the armies of the Philistines, and spake according to the same words: and David heard .

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'speaking'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְה֣וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
מְדַבֵּ֣רspeakingPiel ptc ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speaking'.
עִמָּ֗םwith themprep + sfx 3mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with them'.
וְהִנֵּ֣הand beholdconj וְ + adv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'and behold'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
הַבֵּנַ֡יִם+ championart + N com m du abs · בֵּנַיִם (H1143)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּנַיִם (H1143) '+ champion'.
עוֹלֶ֞הand he went upQal ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
גָּלְיָת֩GoliathN · גׇּלְיַת (H1555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גׇּלְיַת (H1555) 'Goliath'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
שְׁמ֤וֹhis nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
מִגַּת֙in Gathprep + N proper · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
ממערותfromprep + N com f pl constr · מַעֲרָה (H4630)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָה (H4630) 'from'.
מִמַּעַרְכ֣וֹתthe arrangement,prep + N com f pl constr · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיְדַבֵּ֖רand he spokeconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
כַּדְּבָרִ֣יםaccording to these wordsprep + art + N com m pl abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to these words'.
הָאֵ֑לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
וַיִּשְׁמַ֖עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
דָּוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
24

וְכֹל֙ אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל בִּרְאוֹתָ֖ם אֶת הָאִ֑ישׁ וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ֙ מִפָּנָ֔יו וַיִּֽירְא֖וּ מְאֹֽד

And all the men of Israel, when they saw the man, fled from him, and were sore afraid.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְכֹל֙and allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בִּרְאוֹתָ֖םand he sawprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הָאִ֑ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
וַיָּנֻ֨סוּ֙and they fledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
מִפָּנָ֔יוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
וַיִּֽירְא֖וּand they fearedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and they feared'.
מְאֹֽדveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
25

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אִ֣ישׁ יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל הַרְּאִיתֶם֙ הָאִ֤ישׁ הָֽעֹלֶה֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֛י לְחָרֵ֥ף אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל עֹלֶ֑ה וְֽ֠הָיָה הָאִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר יַכֶּ֜נּוּ יַעְשְׁרֶ֥נּוּ הַמֶּ֣לֶךְ עֹ֣שֶׁר גָּד֗וֹל וְאֶת בִּתּוֹ֙ יִתֶּן ל֔וֹ וְאֵת֙ בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו יַעֲשֶׂ֥ה חָפְשִׁ֖י בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And the men of Israel said, Have you seen this man that is come up? surely to defy Israel is he come up: and it shall be, the man who killeth him, the king will enrich him with great riches, and will give him his daughter, and make his father's house free in Israel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 30 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
הַרְּאִיתֶם֙and he sawinterrog. + Qal perf 2mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
הָאִ֤ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
הָֽעֹלֶה֙that risesart + Qal ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'that rises'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְחָרֵ֥ףthat scornedprep + Piel inf constr · חָרַף (H2778)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
עֹלֶ֑הgo upQal ptc ms · עָלָה (H5927)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָלָה (H5927) 'go up'.
וְֽ֠הָיָהand it shall beconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
הָאִ֨ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יַכֶּ֜נּוּhe shall strike himHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'he shall strike him'.
יַעְשְׁרֶ֥נּוּmade richHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cp · עָשַׁר (H6238)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשַׁר (H6238) 'made rich'.
הַמֶּ֣לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
עֹ֣שֶׁרthe wealthN c · עֹשֶׁר (H6239)Construct chain (genitival)עֹשֶׁר (H6239) 'the wealth'.
גָּד֗וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
בִּתּוֹ֙his daughterN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'his daughter'.
יִתֶּןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְאֵת֙and [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
יַעֲשֶׂ֥הhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
חָפְשִׁ֖יfreeAdj · חָפְשִׁי (H2670)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָפְשִׁי (H2670) 'free'.
בְּיִשְׂרָאֵֽלin Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'in Israel'.
26

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֗ד אֶֽל הָאֲנָשִׁ֞ים הָעֹמְדִ֣ים עִמּוֹ֮ לֵאמֹר֒ מַה יֵּעָשֶׂ֗ה לָאִישׁ֙ אֲשֶׁ֤ר יַכֶּה֙ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַלָּ֔ז וְהֵסִ֥יר חֶרְפָּ֖ה מֵעַ֣ל יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל כִּ֣י מִ֗י הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֤י הֶֽעָרֵל֙ הַזֶּ֔ה כִּ֣י חֵרֵ֔ף מַעַרְכ֖וֹת אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּֽים

And David spake to the men that stood by him, saying, What shall be done to the man that killeth this Philistine, and taketh away the reproach from Israel? for who this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֞יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
הָעֹמְדִ֣יםwho stand/serveart + Qal ptc mp · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'who stand/serve'.
עִמּוֹ֮with himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
לֵאמֹר֒sayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יֵּעָשֶׂ֗הhe shall doN · עָשָׂה (H6213)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לָאִישׁ֙to a manprep + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to a man'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יַכֶּה֙strikesHiphil impf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'strikes'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַלָּ֔זthisdem. pron xms · הַלָּז (H1975)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַלָּז (H1975) 'this'.
וְהֵסִ֥ירand he will removeconj וְ + Hiphil q 3ms · סוּר (H5493)Particle or relational elementסוּר (H5493) 'and he will remove'.
חֶרְפָּ֖הa reproachN c · חֶרְפָּה (H2781)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרְפָּה (H2781) 'a reproach'.
מֵעַ֣לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִ֗יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֤יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הֶֽעָרֵל֙the uncircumcisedart + Adj · עָרֵל (H6189)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרֵל (H6189) 'the uncircumcised'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֵרֵ֔ףthat scornedPiel perf 3ms · חָרַף (H2778)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
מַעַרְכ֖וֹתrowsN c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'rows'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
חַיִּֽיםaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
27

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר לוֹ֙ הָעָ֔ם כַּדָּבָ֥ר הַזֶּ֖ה לֵאמֹ֑ר כֹּ֣ה יֵעָשֶׂ֔ה לָאִ֖ישׁ אֲשֶׁ֥ר יַכֶּֽנּוּ

And the people answered him after this manner, saying, So shall it be done to the man that killeth him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הָעָ֔םthe peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
כַּדָּבָ֥רaccording to the word ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
כֹּ֣הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
יֵעָשֶׂ֔הhe shall doN · עָשָׂה (H6213)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לָאִ֖ישׁto a manprep + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to a man'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יַכֶּֽנּוּhe shall strike himHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהִכָּה (H5221) 'he shall strike him'.
28

וַיִּשְׁמַ֤ע אֱלִיאָב֙ אָחִ֣יו הַגָּד֔וֹל בְּדַבְּר֖וֹ אֶל הָאֲנָשִׁ֑ים וַיִּֽחַר אַף֩ אֱלִיאָ֨ב בְּדָוִ֜ד וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָמָּה זֶּ֣ה יָרַ֗דְתָּ וְעַל מִ֨י נָטַ֜שְׁתָּ מְעַ֨ט הַצֹּ֤אן הָהֵ֨נָּה֙ בַּמִּדְבָּ֔ר אֲנִ֧י יָדַ֣עְתִּי אֶת זְדֹנְךָ֗ וְאֵת֙ רֹ֣עַ לְבָבֶ֔ךָ כִּ֗י לְמַ֛עַן רְא֥וֹת הַמִּלְחָמָ֖ה יָרָֽדְתָּ

And Eliab his eldest brother heard when he spake to the men; and Eliab's anger was kindled against David, and he said, Why camest you down hither? and with whom have you left those few sheep in the wilderness? I know your pride, and the naughtiness of your heart; for you are come down that you mightest see the battle.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
וַיִּשְׁמַ֤עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
אֱלִיאָב֙EliabN · אֱלִיאָב (H446)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיאָב (H446) 'Eliab'.
אָחִ֣יוhis brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
הַגָּד֔וֹלthe greatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'the great'.
בְּדַבְּר֖וֹwhen he spokeprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'when he spoke'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֑יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
וַיִּֽחַרand it burnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָרָה (H2734)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָרָה (H2734) 'and it burned'.
אַף֩the anger ofparticle · אַף (H639)Particle or relational elementאַף (H639) 'the anger of'.
אֱלִיאָ֨בEliabN · אֱלִיאָב (H446)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיאָב (H446) 'Eliab'.
בְּדָוִ֜דinprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'in'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָמָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
זֶּ֣הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
יָרַ֗דְתָּand went downQal perf 2ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
מִ֨יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
נָטַ֜שְׁתָּand he forsookQal perf 2ms · נָטַשׁ (H5203)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטַשׁ (H5203) 'and he forsook'.
מְעַ֨טa littleN c · מְעַט (H4592)Construct chain (genitival)מְעַט (H4592) 'a little'.
הַצֹּ֤אןthe flockart + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'the flock'.
הָהֵ֨נָּה֙theyart + pron 3fp · הֵנָּה (H2007)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֵנָּה (H2007) 'they'.
בַּמִּדְבָּ֔רin the wildernessprep + art + N com m sg abs · מִדְבָּר (H4057)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִדְבָּר (H4057) 'in the wilderness'.
אֲנִ֧יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
יָדַ֣עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
זְדֹנְךָ֗presumptuouslyN c · זָדוֹן (H2087)Construct chain (genitival)זָדוֹן (H2087) 'presumptuously'.
וְאֵת֙and [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
רֹ֣עַthe evil ofN c · רֹעַ (H7455)Construct chain (genitival)רֹעַ (H7455) 'the evil of'.
לְבָבֶ֔ךָyour heartN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'your heart'.
כִּ֗יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לְמַ֛עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
רְא֥וֹתto seeQal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֖הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
יָרָֽדְתָּand went downQal perf 2ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
29

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד מֶ֥ה עָשִׂ֖יתִי עָ֑תָּה הֲל֖וֹא דָּבָ֥ר הֽוּא

And David said, What have I now done? not a cause?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מֶ֥הwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
עָשִׂ֖יתִיI have doneQal perf 1cs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'I have done'.
עָ֑תָּהnowart · עַתָּה (H6258)Particle or relational elementעַתָּה (H6258) 'now'.
הֲל֖וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
דָּבָ֥רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
30

וַיִּסֹּ֤ב מֵֽאֶצְלוֹ֙ אֶל מ֣וּל אַחֵ֔ר וַיֹּ֖אמֶר כַּדָּבָ֣ר הַזֶּ֑ה וַיְשִׁבֻ֤הוּ הָעָם֙ דָּבָ֔ר כַּדָּבָ֖ר הָרִאשֽׁוֹן

And he turned from him toward another, and spake after the same manner: and the people answered him again after the former manner.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he led around'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיִּסֹּ֤בand he led aroundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָבַב (H5437) 'and he led around'.
מֵֽאֶצְלוֹ֙besideprep + prep + sfx 3ms · אֵצֶל (H681)Particle or relational elementאֵצֶל (H681) 'beside'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מ֣וּלoppositeprep · מוֹל (H4136)Particle or relational elementמוֹל (H4136) 'opposite'.
אַחֵ֔רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
כַּדָּבָ֣רaccording to the word ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וַיְשִׁבֻ֤הוּand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
הָעָם֙the peopleart + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
דָּבָ֔רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
כַּדָּבָ֖רaccording to the word ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
הָרִאשֽׁוֹןthe firstart + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'the first'.
31

וַיְּשָּֽׁמְעוּ֙ הַדְּבָרִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֖ר דִּבֶּ֣ר דָּוִ֑ד וַיַּגִּ֥דוּ לִפְנֵֽי שָׁא֖וּל וַיִּקָּחֵֽהוּ

And when the words were heard which David spake, they rehearsed before Saul: and he sent for him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיְּשָּֽׁמְעוּ֙and they heardconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and they heard'.
הַדְּבָרִ֔יםthe wordsart + N com m pl abs · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דִּבֶּ֣רspeakPiel perf 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'speak'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיַּגִּ֥דוּand reportedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and reported'.
לִפְנֵֽיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַיִּקָּחֵֽהוּand they took himconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and they took him'.
32

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל שָׁא֔וּל אַל יִפֹּ֥ל לֵב אָדָ֖ם עָלָ֑יו עַבְדְּךָ֣ יֵלֵ֔ךְ וְנִלְחַ֖ם עִם הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥י הַזֶּֽה

And David said to Saul, Let no man's heart fail because of him; your servant will go and fight with this Philistine.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יִפֹּ֥לit fallsQal jussive 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָפַל (H5307) 'it falls'.
לֵבthe heart ofN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'the heart of'.
אָדָ֖םmanN c · אָדָם (H120)Construct chain (genitival)אָדָם (H120) 'man'.
עָלָ֑יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
עַבְדְּךָ֣your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
יֵלֵ֔ךְlet him goQal impf 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָלַךְ (H3212) 'let him go'.
וְנִלְחַ֖םand fightconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · לָחַם (H3898)Particle or relational elementלָחַם (H3898) 'and fight'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֥יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַזֶּֽהthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
33

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֜וּל אֶל דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תוּכַל֙ לָלֶ֨כֶת֙ אֶל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣י הַזֶּ֔ה לְהִלָּחֵ֖ם עִמּ֑וֹ כִּֽי נַ֣עַר אַ֔תָּה וְה֛וּא אִ֥ישׁ מִלְחָמָ֖ה מִנְּעֻרָֽיו

And Saul said to David, You are not able to go against this Philistine to fight with him: for you a youth, and he a man of war from his youth.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
שָׁא֜וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תוּכַל֙you mayQal impf 2ms · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'you may'.
לָלֶ֨כֶת֙to goprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'to go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֣יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
לְהִלָּחֵ֖םto fightprep + Niphal inf constr · לָחַם (H3898)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָחַם (H3898) 'to fight'.
עִמּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נַ֣עַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
אַ֔תָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְה֛וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִלְחָמָ֖הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
מִנְּעֻרָֽיוfrom his youthprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · נַעַר (H5271)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5271) 'from his youth'.
34

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל שָׁא֔וּל רֹעֶ֨ה הָיָ֧ה עַבְדְּךָ֛ לְאָבִ֖יו בַּצֹּ֑אן וּבָ֤א הָֽאֲרִי֙ וְאֶת הַדּ֔וֹב וְנָשָׂ֥א שֶׂ֖ה מֵהָעֵֽדֶר

And David said to Saul, Your servant kept his father's sheep, and there came a lion, and a bear, and took a lamb out of the flock:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
רֹעֶ֨הshepherdingQal ptc ms · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'shepherding'.
הָיָ֧הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
עַבְדְּךָ֛your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
לְאָבִ֖יוto his fatherprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אָב (H1)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָב (H1) 'to his father'.
בַּצֹּ֑אןin the flock ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'in the flock of'.
וּבָ֤אand he shall comeconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Particle or relational elementבּוֹא (H935) 'and he shall come'.
הָֽאֲרִי֙a lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
הַדּ֔וֹבbearart + N com m sg abs · דֹּב (H1677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּב (H1677) 'bear'.
וְנָשָׂ֥אand he shall bearconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Particle or relational elementנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and he shall bear'.
שֶׂ֖הa sheepN c · שֶׂה (H7716)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׂה (H7716) 'a sheep'.
מֵהָעֵֽדֶרdroveprep + art + N com m sg abs · עֵדֶר (H5739)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵדֶר (H5739) 'drove'.
35

וְיָצָ֧אתִי אַחֲרָ֛יו וְהִכִּתִ֖יו וְהִצַּ֣לְתִּי מִפִּ֑יו וַיָּ֣קָם עָלַ֔י וְהֶחֱזַ֨קְתִּי֙ בִּזְקָנ֔וֹ וְהִכִּתִ֖יו וַהֲמִיתִּֽיו

And I went out after him, and smote him, and delivered out of his mouth: and when he arose against me, I caught by his beard, and smote him, and slew him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְיָצָ֧אתִיand he went outconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · יָצָא (H3318)Particle or relational elementיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
אַחֲרָ֛יוafter himprep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after him'.
וְהִכִּתִ֖יוand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Particle or relational elementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
וְהִצַּ֣לְתִּיand I will deliverconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Particle or relational elementנָצַל (H5337) 'and I will deliver'.
מִפִּ֑יוfrom his mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'from his mouth'.
וַיָּ֣קָםand he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
עָלַ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
וְהֶחֱזַ֨קְתִּי֙be strongconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · חָזַק (H2388)Particle or relational elementחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
בִּזְקָנ֔וֹin the beardprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · זָקָן (H2206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקָן (H2206) 'in the beard'.
וְהִכִּתִ֖יוand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs + sfx 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Particle or relational elementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
וַהֲמִיתִּֽיוand he diedconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Particle or relational elementמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
36

גַּ֧ם אֶֽת הָאֲרִ֛י גַּם הַדּ֖וֹב הִכָּ֣ה עַבְדֶּ֑ךָ וְֽ֠הָיָה הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨י הֶעָרֵ֤ל הַזֶּה֙ כְּאַחַ֣ד מֵהֶ֔ם כִּ֣י חֵרֵ֔ף מַעַרְכֹ֖ת אֱלֹהִ֥ים חַיִּֽים

Your servant slew both the lion and the bear: and this uncircumcised Philistine shall be as one of them, seeing he has defied the armies of the living God.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
גַּ֧םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הָאֲרִ֛יa lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
הַדּ֖וֹבbearart + N com m sg abs · דֹּב (H1677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּב (H1677) 'bear'.
הִכָּ֣הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
עַבְדֶּ֑ךָyour servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
וְֽ֠הָיָהand it shall beconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֨יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הֶעָרֵ֤לthe uncircumcisedart + Adj · עָרֵל (H6189)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרֵל (H6189) 'the uncircumcised'.
הַזֶּה֙thisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
כְּאַחַ֣דlike one ofprep + Adj c · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'like one of'.
מֵהֶ֔םfrom themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'from them'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חֵרֵ֔ףthat scornedPiel perf 3ms · חָרַף (H2778)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
מַעַרְכֹ֖תthe arrangement,N c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
אֱלֹהִ֥יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
חַיִּֽיםaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
37

וַיֹּאמֶר֮ דָּוִד֒ יְהוָ֗ה אֲשֶׁ֨ר הִצִּלַ֜נִי מִיַּ֤ד הָֽאֲרִי֙ וּמִיַּ֣ד הַדֹּ֔ב ה֣וּא יַצִּילֵ֔נִי מִיַּ֥ד הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י הַזֶּ֑ה וַיֹּ֨אמֶר שָׁא֤וּל אֶל דָּוִד֙ לֵ֔ךְ וַֽיהוָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֥ה עִמָּֽךְ

David said moreover, YHWH that delivered me out of the paw of the lion, and out of the paw of the bear, he will deliver me out of the hand of this Philistine. And Saul said to David, Go, and YHWH be with you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּאמֶר֮and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִד֒DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הִצִּלַ֜נִיhas deliveredHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
מִיַּ֤דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
הָֽאֲרִי֙a lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
וּמִיַּ֣דand from the hand ofconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and from the hand of'.
הַדֹּ֔בbearart + N com m sg abs · דֹּב (H1677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּב (H1677) 'bear'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
יַצִּילֵ֔נִיhas deliveredHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
מִיַּ֥דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַזֶּ֑הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
שָׁא֤וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לֵ֔ךְgoQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
וַֽיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
יִהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
עִמָּֽךְwith youprep + sfx 2fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with you'.
38

וַיַּלְבֵּ֨שׁ שָׁא֤וּל אֶת דָּוִד֙ מַדָּ֔יו וְנָתַ֛ן ק֥וֹבַע נְחֹ֖שֶׁת עַל רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיַּלְבֵּ֥שׁ אֹת֖וֹ שִׁרְיֽוֹן

And Saul armed David with his armour, and he put an helmet of brass upon his head; also he armed him with a coat of mail.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and clothed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּלְבֵּ֨שׁand clothedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and clothed'.
שָׁא֤וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מַדָּ֔יוhis clothesN c · מַד (H4055)Construct chain (genitival)מַד (H4055) 'his clothes'.
וְנָתַ֛ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'and he shall put'.
ק֥וֹבַעhelmetN c · קוֹבַע (H6959)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹבַע (H6959) 'helmet'.
נְחֹ֖שֶׁתbronzeN c · נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178)Construct chain (genitival)נְחֹשֶׁת (H5178) 'bronze'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹאשׁ֑וֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
וַיַּלְבֵּ֥שׁand clothedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and clothed'.
אֹת֖וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
שִׁרְיֽוֹןbreastplateN c · שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁרְיוֹן (H8302) 'breastplate'.
39

וַיַּחְגֹּ֣ר דָּוִ֣ד אֶת חַ֠רְבּוֹ מֵעַ֨ל לְמַדָּ֜יו וַיֹּ֣אֶל לָלֶכֶת֮ כִּ֣י לֹֽא נִסָּה֒ וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד אֶל שָׁא֗וּל לֹ֥א אוּכַ֛ל לָלֶ֥כֶת בָּאֵ֖לֶּה כִּ֣י לֹ֣א נִסִּ֑יתִי וַיְסִרֵ֥ם דָּוִ֖ד מֵעָלָֽיו

And David girded his sword upon his armour, and he assayed to go; for he had not proved . And David said to Saul, I cannot go with these; for I have not proved . And David put them off him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'girded'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
וַיַּחְגֹּ֣רgirdedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָגַר (H2296)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָגַר (H2296) 'girded'.
דָּוִ֣דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חַ֠רְבּוֹhis swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'his sword'.
מֵעַ֨לfrom uponprep + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon'.
לְמַדָּ֜יוhis clothesprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · מַד (H4055)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַד (H4055) 'his clothes'.
וַיֹּ֣אֶלand persistedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הוֹאִיל (H2974)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהוֹאִיל (H2974) 'and persisted'.
לָלֶכֶת֮to goprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'to go'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִסָּה֒testedPiel perf 3ms · נִסָּה (H5254)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנִסָּה (H5254) 'tested'.
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֜דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שָׁא֗וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אוּכַ֛לI am ableQal impf 1cs · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָכֹל (H3201) 'I am able'.
לָלֶ֥כֶתto goprep + Qal inf constr · הָלַךְ (H3212)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָלַךְ (H3212) 'to go'.
בָּאֵ֖לֶּהby theseprep + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'by these'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִסִּ֑יתִיto testPiel perf 1cs · נִסָּה (H5254)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנִסָּה (H5254) 'to test'.
וַיְסִרֵ֥םhe shall remove itconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מֵעָלָֽיוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
40

וַיִּקַּ֨ח מַקְל֜וֹ בְּיָד֗וֹ וַיִּבְחַר ל֣וֹ חֲמִשָּׁ֣ה חַלֻּקֵֽי אֲבָנִ֣ים מִן הַנַּ֡חַל וַיָּ֣שֶׂם אֹ֠תָם בִּכְלִ֨י הָרֹעִ֧ים אֲשֶׁר ל֛וֹ וּבַיַּלְק֖וּט וְקַלְּע֣וֹ בְיָד֑וֹ וַיִּגַּ֖שׁ אֶל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי

And he took his staff in his hand, and chose him five smooth stones out of the brook, and put them in a shepherd's bag which he had, even in a scrip; and his sling in his hand: and he drew near to the Philistine.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּקַּ֨חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
מַקְל֜וֹthe rodsN c · מַקֵל (H4731)Construct chain (genitival)מַקֵל (H4731) 'the rods'.
בְּיָד֗וֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
וַיִּבְחַרand he choseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּחַר (H977)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּחַר (H977) 'and he chose'.
ל֣וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
חֲמִשָּׁ֣הfiveAdj · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five'.
חַלֻּקֵֽיsmoothAdj · חַלֻּק (H2512)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַלֻּק (H2512) 'smooth'.
אֲבָנִ֣יםstonesN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַנַּ֡חַלthe wadiart + N com m sg abs · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the wadi'.
וַיָּ֣שֶׂםand he setconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
אֹ֠תָםthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
בִּכְלִ֨יin a vessel ofprep + N com m sg constr · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'in a vessel of'.
הָרֹעִ֧יםthe shepherdsart + Qal ptc mp · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'the shepherds'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
ל֛וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וּבַיַּלְק֖וּטandconj וְ + prep + art + N com m sg abs · יַלְקוּט (H3219)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַלְקוּט (H3219) 'and'.
וְקַלְּע֣וֹhangingsconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · קֶלַע (H7050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶלַע (H7050) 'hangings'.
בְיָד֑וֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
וַיִּגַּ֖שׁand he drew nearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַשׁ (H5066)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַשׁ (H5066) 'and he drew near'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽיthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
41

וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ֙ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י הֹלֵ֥ךְ וְקָרֵ֖ב אֶל דָּוִ֑ד וְהָאִ֛ישׁ נֹשֵׂ֥א הַצִּנָּ֖ה לְפָנָֽיו

And the Philistine came on and drew near to David; and the man that bare the shield before him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ֙and he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הֹלֵ֥ךְwentQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
וְקָרֵ֖בwho comes nearconj וְ + Adj · קָרֵב (H7131)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרֵב (H7131) 'who comes near'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְהָאִ֛ישׁand the manconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and the man'.
נֹשֵׂ֥אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
הַצִּנָּ֖הbucklerart + N com f sg abs · צִנָּה (H6793)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִנָּה (H6793) 'buckler'.
לְפָנָֽיוbefore himprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before him'.
42

וַיַּבֵּ֧ט הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י וַיִּרְאֶ֥ה אֶת דָּוִ֖ד וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּ כִּֽי הָיָ֣ה נַ֔עַר וְאַדְמֹנִ֖י עִם יְפֵ֥ה מַרְאֶֽה

And when the Philistine looked about, and saw David, he disdained him: for he was a youth, and ruddy, and of a fair countenance.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'from looking'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּבֵּ֧טfrom lookingconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָבַט (H5027)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָבַט (H5027) 'from looking'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיִּרְאֶ֥הand he saw herconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw her'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיִּבְזֵ֑הוּthus despisedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · בָּזָה (H959)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּזָה (H959) 'thus despised'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הָיָ֣הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
נַ֔עַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
וְאַדְמֹנִ֖יred, ruddyconj וְ + Adj · אַדְמוֹנִי (H132)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַדְמוֹנִי (H132) 'red, ruddy'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
יְפֵ֥הbeautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
מַרְאֶֽהappearanceN c · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'.
43

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ אֶל דָּוִ֔ד הֲכֶ֣לֶב אָנֹ֔כִי כִּֽי אַתָּ֥ה בָֽא אֵלַ֖י בַּמַּקְל֑וֹת וַיְקַלֵּ֧ל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛י אֶת דָּוִ֖ד בֵּאלֹהָֽיו

And the Philistine said to David, I a dog, that you comest to me with staves? And the Philistine cursed David by his gods.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙the Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הֲכֶ֣לֶבa doginterrog. + N com m sg abs · כֶּלֶב (H3611)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּלֶב (H3611) 'a dog'.
אָנֹ֔כִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַתָּ֥הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
בָֽאcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
אֵלַ֖יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
בַּמַּקְל֑וֹתwith the rodsprep + art + N com m pl abs · מַקֵל (H4731)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַקֵל (H4731) 'with the rods'.
וַיְקַלֵּ֧לand he cursedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · קָלַל (H7043)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָלַל (H7043) 'and he cursed'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בֵּאלֹהָֽיוyour Godprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
44

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל דָּוִ֑ד לְכָ֣ה אֵלַ֔י וְאֶתְּנָה֙ אֶת בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔ לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶֽה

And the Philistine said to David, Come to me, and I will give your flesh to the fowls of the air, and to the beasts of the field.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לְכָ֣הcomeQal impv 2ms + Sh · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'come'.
אֵלַ֔יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
וְאֶתְּנָה֙and I will giveconj וְ + Qal impf 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'and I will give'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בְּשָׂ֣רְךָ֔your fleshN c · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Construct chain (genitival)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'your flesh'.
לְע֥וֹףwhether of birdprep + N com m sg constr · עוֹף (H5775)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹף (H5775) 'whether of bird'.
הַשָּׁמַ֖יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
וּלְבֶהֱמַ֥תand for the beast ofconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr · בְּהֵמָה (H929)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּהֵמָה (H929) 'and for the beast of'.
הַשָּׂדֶֽהthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
45

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר דָּוִד֙ אֶל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אַתָּה֙ בָּ֣א אֵלַ֔י בְּחֶ֖רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֣ית וּבְכִיד֑וֹן וְאָנֹכִ֣י בָֽא אֵלֶ֗יךָ בְּשֵׁם֙ יְהוָ֣ה צְבָא֔וֹת אֱלֹהֵ֛י מַעַרְכ֥וֹת יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל אֲשֶׁ֥ר חֵרַֽפְתָּ

Then said David to the Philistine, You comest to me with a sword, and with a spear, and with a shield: but I come to you in the name of YHWH of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אַתָּה֙youpron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
בָּ֣אcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
אֵלַ֔יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
בְּחֶ֖רֶבwith the swordprep + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'with the sword'.
וּבַחֲנִ֣יתandconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'and'.
וּבְכִיד֑וֹןwith the javelinconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · כִּידוֹן (H3591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּידוֹן (H3591) 'with the javelin'.
וְאָנֹכִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'and I'.
בָֽאcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
אֵלֶ֗יךָto youprep + sfx 2ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to you'.
בְּשֵׁם֙in the name ofprep + N com m sg constr · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'in the name of'.
יְהוָ֣הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֔וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אֱלֹהֵ֛יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
מַעַרְכ֥וֹתrowsN c · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Construct chain (genitival)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'rows'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
חֵרַֽפְתָּthat scornedPiel perf 2ms · חָרַף (H2778)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָרַף (H2778) 'that scorned'.
46

הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֡ה יְסַגֶּרְךָ֩ יְהוָ֨ה בְּיָדִ֜י וְהִכִּיתִ֗ךָ וַהֲסִרֹתִ֤י אֶת רֹֽאשְׁךָ֙ מֵעָלֶ֔יךָ וְנָ֨תַתִּ֜י פֶּ֣גֶר מַחֲנֵ֤ה פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ הַיּ֣וֹם הַזֶּ֔ה לְע֥וֹף הַשָּׁמַ֖יִם וּלְחַיַּ֣ת הָאָ֑רֶץ וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כָּל הָאָ֔רֶץ כִּ֛י יֵ֥שׁ אֱלֹהִ֖ים לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽל

This day will YHWH deliver you into mine hand; and I will smite you, and take your head from you; and I will give the carcases of the host of the Philistines this day to the fowls of the air, and to the wild beasts of the earth; that all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'has shut'.
Word-by-word analysis· 27 words
הַיּ֣וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַזֶּ֡הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
יְסַגֶּרְךָ֩has shutPiel impf 3ms + sfx 2ms · סָגַר (H5462)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalסָגַר (H5462) 'has shut'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּיָדִ֜יin my handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cs · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in my hand'.
וְהִכִּיתִ֗ךָand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs + sfx 2ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Particle or relational elementהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
וַהֲסִרֹתִ֤יand I will removeconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · סוּר (H5493)Particle or relational elementסוּר (H5493) 'and I will remove'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רֹֽאשְׁךָ֙your headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'your head'.
מֵעָלֶ֔יךָfrom upon youprep + prep + sfx 2ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon you'.
וְנָ֨תַתִּ֜יand I will giveconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and I will give'.
פֶּ֣גֶרyour corpsesN c · פֶּגֶר (H6297)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּגֶר (H6297) 'your corpses'.
מַחֲנֵ֤הthe camp ofN c · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp of'.
פְלִשְׁתִּים֙the PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
הַיּ֣וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
לְע֥וֹףwhether of birdprep + N com m sg constr · עוֹף (H5775)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹף (H5775) 'whether of bird'.
הַשָּׁמַ֖יִםthe heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
וּלְחַיַּ֣תlivingconj וְ + prep + N com f sg constr · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'living'.
הָאָ֑רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙and they shall knowconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'and they shall know'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הָאָ֔רֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יֵ֥שׁthere isadv. · יֵשׁ (H3426)Particle or relational elementיֵשׁ (H3426) 'there is'.
אֱלֹהִ֖יםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לְיִשְׂרָאֵֽלto Israelprep + N proper · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'to Israel'.
47

וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙ כָּל הַקָּהָ֣ל הַזֶּ֔ה כִּֽי לֹ֛א בְּחֶ֥רֶב וּבַחֲנִ֖ית יְהוֹשִׁ֣יעַ יְהוָ֑ה כִּ֤י לַֽיהוָה֙ הַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וְנָתַ֥ן אֶתְכֶ֖ם בְּיָדֵֽנוּ

And all this assembly shall know that YHWH saveth not with sword and spear: for the battle YHWH's, and he will give you into our hands.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and they shall know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְיֵֽדְעוּ֙and they shall knowconj וְ + Qal impf 3mp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'and they shall know'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַקָּהָ֣לthe assemblyart + N com m sg abs · קָהָל (H6951)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָהָל (H6951) 'the assembly'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹ֛אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בְּחֶ֥רֶבwith the swordprep + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'with the sword'.
וּבַחֲנִ֖יתandconj וְ + prep + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'and'.
יְהוֹשִׁ֣יעַone to saveHiphil impf 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁע (H3467) 'one to save'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לַֽיהוָה֙to YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
הַמִּלְחָמָ֔הthe warart + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'the war'.
וְנָתַ֥ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'and he shall put'.
אֶתְכֶ֖םyouobj marker + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you'.
בְּיָדֵֽנוּinto our handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cp · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'into our hand'.
48

וְהָיָה֙ כִּֽי קָ֣ם הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ וַיִּקְרַ֖ב לִקְרַ֣את דָּוִ֑ד וַיְמַהֵ֣ר דָּוִ֔ד וַיָּ֥רָץ הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖ה לִקְרַ֥את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽי

And it came to pass, when the Philistine arose, and came and drew nigh to meet David, that David hasted, and ran toward the army to meet the Philistine.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and it shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קָ֣םget upQal perf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'get up'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
וַיִּקְרַ֖בand he brought nearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרַב (H7126) 'and he brought near'.
לִקְרַ֣אתhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
דָּוִ֑דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיְמַהֵ֣רand...hurriedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · מָהַר (H4116)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָהַר (H4116) 'and...hurried'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיָּ֥רָץand he ranconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
הַמַּעֲרָכָ֖הthe arrangement,art + N com f sg abs · מַעֲרָכָה (H4634)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲרָכָה (H4634) 'the arrangement,'.
לִקְרַ֥אתhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּֽיthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
49

וַיִּשְׁלַח֩ דָּוִ֨ד אֶת יָד֜וֹ אֶל הַכֶּ֗לִי וַיִּקַּ֨ח מִשָּׁ֥ם אֶ֨בֶן֙ וַיְקַלַּ֔ע וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י אֶל מִצְח֑וֹ וַתִּטְבַּ֤ע הָאֶ֨בֶן֙ בְּמִצְח֔וֹ וַיִּפֹּ֥ל עַל פָּנָ֖יו אָֽרְצָה

And David put his hand in his bag, and took thence a stone, and slang , and smote the Philistine in his forehead, that the stone sunk into his forehead; and he fell upon his face to the earth.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּשְׁלַח֩and he sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
דָּוִ֨דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יָד֜וֹhis handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'his hand'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַכֶּ֗לִיthe articleart + N com m sg abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'the article'.
וַיִּקַּ֨חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
מִשָּׁ֥םfrom thereprep + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'from there'.
אֶ֨בֶן֙a stoneN c · אֶבֶן (H68)Construct chain (genitival)אֶבֶן (H68) 'a stone'.
וַיְקַלַּ֔עslingconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · קָלַע (H7049)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָלַע (H7049) 'sling'.
וַיַּ֥ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מִצְח֑וֹhis foreheadN c · מֵצַח (H4696)Construct chain (genitival)מֵצַח (H4696) 'his forehead'.
וַתִּטְבַּ֤עthey were sunkconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · טָבַע (H2883)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטָבַע (H2883) 'they were sunk'.
הָאֶ֨בֶן֙the stoneart + N com f sg abs · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'the stone'.
בְּמִצְח֔וֹthe forehead ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · מֵצַח (H4696)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵצַח (H4696) 'the forehead of'.
וַיִּפֹּ֥לand he fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
פָּנָ֖יוhis faceN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'his face'.
אָֽרְצָהto the groundN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'to the ground'.
50

וַיֶּחֱזַ֨ק דָּוִ֤ד מִן הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙ בַּקֶּ֣לַע וּבָאֶ֔בֶן וַיַּ֥ךְ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּ וְחֶ֖רֶב אֵ֥ין בְּיַד דָּוִֽד

So David prevailed over the Philistine with a sling and with a stone, and smote the Philistine, and slew him; but no sword in the hand of David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and...hardened'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיֶּחֱזַ֨קand...hardenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · חָזַק (H2388)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָזַק (H2388) 'and...hardened'.
דָּוִ֤דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּי֙the Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
בַּקֶּ֣לַעhangingsprep + art + N com m sg abs · קֶלַע (H7050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֶלַע (H7050) 'hangings'.
וּבָאֶ֔בֶןstonesconj וְ + prep + art + N com f sg abs · אֶבֶן (H68)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבֶן (H68) 'stones'.
וַיַּ֥ךְand he struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and he struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיְמִיתֵ֑הוּand he diedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
וְחֶ֖רֶבand swordconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'and sword'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
דָּוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
51

וַיָּ֣רָץ דָּ֠וִד וַיַּעֲמֹ֨ד אֶל הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜י וַיִּקַּ֣ח אֶת חַ֠רְבּוֹ וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּ מִתַּעְרָהּ֙ וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּ וַיִּכְרָת בָּ֖הּ אֶת רֹאשׁ֑וֹ וַיִּרְא֧וּ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛ים כִּֽי מֵ֥ת גִּבּוֹרָ֖ם וַיָּנֻֽסוּ

Therefore David ran, and stood upon the Philistine, and took his sword, and drew it out of the sheath thereof, and slew him, and cut off his head therewith. And when the Philistines saw their champion was dead, they fled.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he ran'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיָּ֣רָץand he ranconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
דָּ֠וִדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיַּעֲמֹ֨דand he stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and he stood'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֜יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיִּקַּ֣חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חַ֠רְבּוֹhis swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'his sword'.
וַֽיִּשְׁלְפָ֤הּhe drew outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3fs · שָׁלַף (H8025)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַף (H8025) 'he drew out'.
מִתַּעְרָהּ֙a razorprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3fs · תַּעַר (H8593)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּעַר (H8593) 'a razor'.
וַיְמֹ֣תְתֵ֔הוּand he diedconj וְ + Polel wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
וַיִּכְרָתand he cut offconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּרַת (H3772) 'and he cut off'.
בָּ֖הּin itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רֹאשׁ֑וֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
וַיִּרְא֧וּand they sawconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָאָה (H7200) 'and they saw'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֛יםthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מֵ֥תdiedQal perf 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actמוּת (H4191) 'died'.
גִּבּוֹרָ֖םmightyAdj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
וַיָּנֻֽסוּand they fledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנוּס (H5127) 'and they fled'.
52

וַיָּקֻ֣מוּ אַנְשֵׁי֩ יִשְׂרָאֵ֨ל וִיהוּדָ֜ה וַיָּרִ֗עוּ וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים עַד בּוֹאֲךָ֣ גַ֔יְא וְעַ֖ד שַׁעֲרֵ֣י עֶקְר֑וֹן וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּ חַֽלְלֵ֤י פְלִשְׁתִּים֙ בְּדֶ֣רֶךְ שַׁעֲרַ֔יִם וְעַד גַּ֖ת וְעַד עֶקְרֽוֹן

And the men of Israel and of Judah arose, and shouted, and pursued the Philistines, until you come to the valley, and to the gates of Ekron. And the wounded of the Philistines fell down by the way to Shaaraim, even to Gath, and to Ekron.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיָּקֻ֣מוּand they aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and they arose'.
אַנְשֵׁי֩the men ofN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֨לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וִיהוּדָ֜הand Judahconj וְ + N proper · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'and Judah'.
וַיָּרִ֗עוּshout!conj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · רוּעַ (H7321)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרוּעַ (H7321) 'shout!'.
וַֽיִּרְדְּפוּ֙and they pursuedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · רָדַף (H7291)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָדַף (H7291) 'and they pursued'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
בּוֹאֲךָ֣and they cameQal inf constr + sfx 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
גַ֔יְאin the valleyN c · גַּיְא (H1516)Construct chain (genitival)גַּיְא (H1516) 'in the valley'.
וְעַ֖דand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
שַׁעֲרֵ֣יthe gate ofN c · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate of'.
עֶקְר֑וֹןEkronN · עֶקְרוֹן (H6138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶקְרוֹן (H6138) 'Ekron'.
וַֽיִּפְּל֞וּand they fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
חַֽלְלֵ֤יthe slainAdj · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) 'the slain'.
פְלִשְׁתִּים֙the PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
בְּדֶ֣רֶךְon the wayprep + N com c sg constr · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
שַׁעֲרַ֔יִםand ShaaraimN · שַׁעֲרַיִם (H8189)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעֲרַיִם (H8189) 'and Shaaraim'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
גַּ֖תin GathN · גַּת (H1661)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּת (H1661) 'in Gath'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
עֶקְרֽוֹןEkronN · עֶקְרוֹן (H6138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶקְרוֹן (H6138) 'Ekron'.
53

וַיָּשֻׁ֨בוּ֙ בְּנֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל מִדְּלֹ֖ק אַחֲרֵ֣י פְלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיָּשֹׁ֖סּוּ אֶת מַחֲנֵיהֶֽם

And the children of Israel returned from chasing after the Philistines, and they spoiled their tents.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיָּשֻׁ֨בוּ֙and they returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
מִדְּלֹ֖קyou have pursuedprep + Qal inf constr · דָּלַק (H1814)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדָּלַק (H1814) 'you have pursued'.
אַחֲרֵ֣יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיָּשֹׁ֖סּוּand they plunderedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁסַס (H8155)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁסַס (H8155) 'and they plundered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַחֲנֵיהֶֽםtheir armiesN c · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Construct chain (genitival)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'their armies'.
54

וַיִּקַּ֤ח דָּוִד֙ אֶת רֹ֣אשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם וְאֶת כֵּלָ֖יו שָׂ֥ם בְּאָהֳלֽוֹ

And David took the head of the Philistine, and brought it to Jerusalem; but he put his armour in his tent.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he took'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּקַּ֤חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כֵּלָ֖יוits vesselsN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'its vessels'.
שָׂ֥םsetQal perf 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'set'.
בְּאָהֳלֽוֹin his tentprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · אֹהֶל (H168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹהֶל (H168) 'in his tent'.
55

וְכִרְא֨וֹת שָׁא֜וּל אֶת דָּוִ֗ד יֹצֵא֙ לִקְרַ֣את הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י אָמַ֗ר אֶל אַבְנֵר֙ שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֔א בֶּן מִי זֶ֥ה הַנַּ֖עַר אַבְנֵ֑ר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אַבְנֵ֔ר חֵֽי נַפְשְׁךָ֥ הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ אִם יָדָֽעְתִּי

And when Saul saw David go forth against the Philistine, he said to Abner, the captain of the host, Abner, whose son this youth? And Abner said, your soul liveth, O king, I cannot tell.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְכִרְא֨וֹתand he sawconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
שָׁא֜וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
יֹצֵא֙one going out (to)Qal ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
לִקְרַ֣אתhappens to beprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7122)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7122) 'happens to be'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אָמַ֗רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אַבְנֵר֙AbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
שַׂ֣רchief ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
הַצָּבָ֔אthe armyart + N com c sg abs · צָבָא (H6635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָבָא (H6635) 'the army'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
מִיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
זֶ֥הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הַנַּ֖עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
אַבְנֵ֑רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אַבְנֵ֔רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
חֵֽיaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
נַפְשְׁךָ֥your soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
יָדָֽעְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
56

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ שְׁאַ֣ל אַתָּ֔ה בֶּן מִי זֶ֖ה הָעָֽלֶם

And the king said, Enquire you whose son the stripling .

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
שְׁאַ֣לaskQal impv 2ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
אַתָּ֔הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
מִיwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
זֶ֖הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הָעָֽלֶםyoung manart + N com m sg abs · עֶלֶם (H5958)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶלֶם (H5958) 'young man'.
57

וּכְשׁ֣וּב דָּוִ֗ד מֵֽהַכּוֹת֙ אֶת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔י וַיִּקַּ֤ח אֹתוֹ֙ אַבְנֵ֔ר וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּ לִפְנֵ֣י שָׁא֑וּל וְרֹ֥אשׁ הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י בְּיָדֽוֹ

And as David returned from the slaughter of the Philistine, Abner took him, and brought him before Saul with the head of the Philistine in his hand.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'and he returned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וּכְשׁ֣וּבand he returnedconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מֵֽהַכּוֹת֙from strikingprep + Hiphil inf constr · הִכָּה (H5221)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהִכָּה (H5221) 'from striking'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיִּקַּ֤חand he tookconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָקַח (H3947) 'and he took'.
אֹתוֹ֙himobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
אַבְנֵ֔רAbnerN · אַבְנֵר (H74)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַבְנֵר (H74) 'Abner'.
וַיְבִאֵ֖הוּand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
שָׁא֑וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וְרֹ֥אשׁthe head ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
בְּיָדֽוֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
58

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלָיו֙ שָׁא֔וּל בֶּן מִ֥י אַתָּ֖ה הַנָּ֑עַר וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔ד בֶּֽן עַבְדְּךָ֥ יִשַׁ֖י בֵּ֥ית הַלַּחְמִֽי

And Saul said to him, Whose son you, young man? And David answered, I the son of your servant Jesse the Bethlehemite.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
מִ֥יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
הַנָּ֑עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
עַבְדְּךָ֥your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
יִשַׁ֖יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
בֵּ֥יתBethlehemiteN · בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022) 'Bethlehemite'.
הַלַּחְמִֽיBethlehemiteN · בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית הַלַּחְמִי (H1022) 'Bethlehemite'.