Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The First Book of Samuel, Chapter 1שמואל א 1

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Royal spectacle and national triumph are held back at the threshold of Samuel in favor of a wounded household that already gathers up many of the tensions that will shape the book: worship and grief, remembered sanctuary piety and hidden domestic rivalry, barrenness and future hope. Elkanah's family goes up year by year to Shiloh to worship and sacrifice to YHWH of hosts, so the scene is framed from the start by regular covenant devotion. Yet within that apparently ordered life Hannah bears the sharper burden. Peninnah has children, Hannah does not, and the narrator states plainly that YHWH has closed her womb. It therefore does not treat Hannah's sorrow as random misfortune alone. Her emptiness stands inside Israel's worshiping life and under the providence of the God to whom the family ascends. Peninnah's provocation then turns barrenness into social humiliation, so that Samuel begins with a faithful woman brought low in the very place where divine help ought to be sought. From that affliction the narrative moves into one of the Hebrew Bible's most searching portraits of silent prayer. Hannah rises after the meal at Shiloh, bitter in soul, and prays before YHWH with tears and a vow. Her petition is intensely personal, but it is also already consecratory. If YHWH will look, remember, and give her a male child, she will give him back to YHWH all the days of his life, and no razor will come upon his head. The child she asks for is therefore requested not as private possession alone but as one destined for divine service. Eli's misreading of her silent prayer as drunkenness sharpens the narrative's drama. Outwardly she looks disordered, yet inwardly she is pouring out her soul before YHWH. Once her speech is heard and clarified, Eli blesses her, and the narrative turns on that shift from misunderstood anguish to peace-bearing word. Hannah leaves, eats, and her face is no longer cast down as before. It then carries the prayer into fulfillment and dedication. YHWH remembers Hannah; she conceives, bears Samuel, and names him in relation to her asking from YHWH. Yet the real force of the narrative lies not simply in the child's birth but in Hannah's faithfulness to the vow after the gift has been granted. She delays her return to Shiloh only until the boy is weaned, then brings him with sacrificial provisions to the house of YHWH and presents him to Eli as the child for whom she prayed and whom YHWH has given. Her final speech makes the narrative's theology explicit: the son requested from YHWH is now handed over to YHWH. First Samuel 1 therefore binds household sorrow, annual sanctuary worship, bitter prayer, remembered divine attention, fulfilled petition, and vowed dedication into a threshold narrative for the whole book. Before Samuel will speak for God, judge Israel, anoint kings, and witness the transfer of rule, he is introduced as the child given through a barren woman's prayer and returned to YHWH's service at Shiloh.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. It stands at the threshold of the Samuel books: the introduction of Elkanah's household, Hannah's barrenness and provocation, the annual ascent to Shiloh, Hannah's vow-prayer before YHWH, Eli's misreading and blessing, Samuel's birth, and the child's dedication to sanctuary service. Verse 1 should retain the weight of the opening genealogy and geography. Ramathaim-zophim in the hill country of Ephraim locates the family carefully, while Elkanah's line is traced through several generations before the narrative narrows to the domestic conflict that matters most. Verse 3 is also crucial because it introduces the title YHWH of hosts at the start of the book and places the family within the sanctuary world of Shiloh, where Eli's sons Hophni and Phinehas are already present. Translation should allow that sanctuary frame to stand in the background of the entire chapter. Verses 4-8 narrate the painful household pattern and should preserve both affection and unresolved tension. Elkanah distributes sacrificial portions, gives Hannah a double or specially honored portion because he loves her, and yet the narrator again insists that YHWH has closed her womb. The wording should keep that theological explanation visible rather than letting Peninnah's cruelty become the only explanatory lens. Verse 6's language of provocation and humiliation should remain sharp, and verse 7 should preserve the repeated yearly cycle: whenever Hannah goes up to the house of YHWH, Peninnah provokes her and Hannah weeps without eating. Elkanah's question in verse 8 should remain tender but limited. He speaks real affection, yet his 'am I not better to you than ten sons?' does not resolve the covenantal and bodily grief Hannah bears. Verses 9-18 are the narrative's theological and emotional center. Hannah rises, bitter in soul, and prays to YHWH with weeping. Verse 11 should preserve the cadence of her vow: if you will indeed look, remember me, not forget me, and give your maidservant a male child, then I will give him to YHWH all the days of his life, and no razor shall go upon his head. The expression זֶרַע אֲנָשִׁים should be translated plainly as a male child or seed of men without unnecessary obscurity, while the no-razor clause should remain audible because it marks lifelong consecration in a Nazirite-like register. Verses 12-14 should preserve the contrast between Hannah's inward speech and Eli's outward misreading. She speaks upon her heart; only her lips move; her voice is not heard; therefore Eli counts her drunk. Verse 15's 'I have poured out my soul before YHWH' is one of the narrative's governing lines and should remain vivid. Verse 16's בַּת בְּלִיָּעַל should be rendered strongly as a worthless or base woman. Eli's reply in verse 17 should preserve both peace and petition: he blesses her to go in peace and asks that the God of Israel grant what she has asked from him. Verse 18 then marks the first visible change in Hannah before the conception itself: she eats, and her face is no longer as it had been. Verses 19-28 move from remembered prayer to remembered fulfillment and should be translated with close attention to the repeated wordplay on asking and giving. Verse 19 states compactly that Elkanah knew Hannah his wife and YHWH remembered her; the conception is narrated under divine remembrance rather than merely biological result. Verse 20 names the child Samuel with explicit explanation, 'for from YHWH I asked him,' and the translation should allow the audible קשר among שאל, שאלה, and the later הִשְׁאִלְתִּהוּ to remain as much as English permits. Verses 21-23 show Hannah delaying her ascent until the child is weaned, because once brought he is to remain before YHWH. Elkanah's 'only may YHWH establish his word' in verse 23 should remain somewhat open-ended rather than overly harmonized, since it probably looks back to the vow and the hoped-for divine confirmation of what has been spoken. Verse 24's sacrificial provisions and the note that the boy was still young should remain concrete. Finally, verses 26-28 should preserve Hannah's formal presentation to Eli: this is the woman who stood here praying; this is the boy for whom she prayed; YHWH has given the petition; therefore she gives him over to YHWH for all his days. The final verb of worship should remain, whether rendered with Hannah and her household or with the boy and those with him. First Samuel 1 should therefore be translated as a chapter of afflicted piety, silent prayer, consecratory vow, divine remembrance, and the handing back to YHWH of the child first asked from him. Versification here follows the MT.

1

וַיְהִי֩ אִ֨ישׁ אֶחָ֜ד מִן הָרָמָתַ֛יִם צוֹפִ֖ים מֵהַ֣ר אֶפְרָ֑יִם וּשְׁמ֡וֹ אֶ֠לְקָנָה בֶּן יְרֹחָ֧ם בֶּן אֱלִיה֛וּא בֶּן תֹּ֥חוּ בֶן צ֖וּף אֶפְרָתִֽי

Now there was a certain man of Ramathaimzophim, of mount Ephraim, and his name Elkanah, the son of Jeroham, the son of Elihu, the son of Tohu, the son of Zuph, an Ephrathite:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיְהִי֩and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶחָ֜דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הָרָמָתַ֛יִםRamathaimzophimart + N proper · רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (H7436)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (H7436) 'Ramathaimzophim'.
צוֹפִ֖יםRamathaimzophimN · רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (H7436)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָמָתַיִם צוֹפִים (H7436) 'Ramathaimzophim'.
מֵהַ֣רfrom Mountprep + N com m sg constr · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'from Mount'.
אֶפְרָ֑יִםEphraimN · אֶפְרַיִם (H669)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרַיִם (H669) 'Ephraim'.
וּשְׁמ֡וֹand his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and his name'.
אֶ֠לְקָנָהand ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְרֹחָ֧םJerohamN · יְרֹחָם (H3395)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרֹחָם (H3395) 'Jeroham'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֱלִיה֛וּאElihuN · אֱלִיהוּ (H453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיהוּ (H453) 'Elihu'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
תֹּ֥חוּTohuN · תֹּחוּ (H8459)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּחוּ (H8459) 'Tohu'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צ֖וּףZophaiN · צוּף (H6689)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּף (H6689) 'Zophai'.
אֶפְרָתִֽיEphraimiteN · אֶפְרָתִי (H673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶפְרָתִי (H673) 'Ephraimite'.
2

וְלוֹ֙ שְׁתֵּ֣י נָשִׁ֔ים שֵׁ֤ם אַחַת֙ חַנָּ֔ה וְשֵׁ֥ם הַשֵּׁנִ֖ית פְּנִנָּ֑ה וַיְהִ֤י לִפְנִנָּה֙ יְלָדִ֔ים וּלְחַנָּ֖ה אֵ֥ין יְלָדִֽים

And he had two wives; the name of the one Hannah, and the name of the other Peninnah: and Peninnah had children, but Hannah had no children.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְלוֹ֙and to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שְׁתֵּ֣יtwoAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'.
נָשִׁ֔יםwivesN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'wives'.
שֵׁ֤םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
אַחַת֙oneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
חַנָּ֔הHannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
וְשֵׁ֥םand the name ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and the name of'.
הַשֵּׁנִ֖יתthe secondart + Adj · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁנִי (H8145) 'the second'.
פְּנִנָּ֑הPeninnahN · פְּנִנָּה (H6444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּנִנָּה (H6444) 'Peninnah'.
וַיְהִ֤יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לִפְנִנָּה֙toprep + N proper · פְּנִנָּה (H6444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּנִנָּה (H6444) 'to'.
יְלָדִ֔יםthe childN c · יֶלֶד (H3206)Construct chain (genitival)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'the child'.
וּלְחַנָּ֖הandconj וְ + prep + N proper · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'and'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
יְלָדִֽיםthe childN c · יֶלֶד (H3206)Construct chain (genitival)יֶלֶד (H3206) 'the child'.
3

וְעָלָה֩ הָאִ֨ישׁ הַה֤וּא מֵֽעִירוֹ֙ מִיָּמִ֣ים יָמִ֔ימָה לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֧ת וְלִזְבֹּ֛חַ לַיהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת בְּשִׁלֹ֑ה וְשָׁ֞ם שְׁנֵ֣י בְנֵֽי עֵלִ֗י חָפְנִי֙ וּפִ֣נְחָ֔ס כֹּהֲנִ֖ים לַיהוָֽה

And this man went up out of his city yearly to worship and to sacrifice to YHWH of hosts in Shiloh. And the two sons of Eli, Hophni and Phinehas, the priests of YHWH, there.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and it goes up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְעָלָה֩and it goes upconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'and it goes up'.
הָאִ֨ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
הַה֤וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
מֵֽעִירוֹ֙the cityprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
מִיָּמִ֣יםfrom daysprep + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'from days'.
יָמִ֔ימָהto days / year by yearN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'to days / year by year'.
לְהִֽשְׁתַּחֲוֺ֧תto bow downprep + Hithpael inf constr · שָׁחָה (H7812)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁחָה (H7812) 'to bow down'.
וְלִזְבֹּ֛חַto sacrificeconj וְ + prep + Qal inf constr · זָבַח (H2076)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָבַח (H2076) 'to sacrifice'.
לַיהוָ֥הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
צְבָא֖וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
בְּשִׁלֹ֑הat Shilohprep + N proper · שִׁלֹה (H7887)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁלֹה (H7887) 'at Shiloh'.
וְשָׁ֞םand thereconj וְ + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'and there'.
שְׁנֵ֣יtwo ofAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two of'.
בְנֵֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
עֵלִ֗יEliN · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'Eli'.
חָפְנִי֙HophniN · חׇפְנִי (H2652)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חׇפְנִי (H2652) 'Hophni'.
וּפִ֣נְחָ֔סPhinehasconj וְ + N proper · פִּינְחָס (H6372)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּינְחָס (H6372) 'Phinehas'.
כֹּהֲנִ֖יםpriestsN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priests'.
לַיהוָֽהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
4

וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וַיִּזְבַּ֖ח אֶלְקָנָ֑ה וְנָתַ֞ן לִפְנִנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֗וֹ וּֽלְכָל בָּנֶ֛יהָ וּבְנוֹתֶ֖יהָ מָנֽוֹת

And when the time was that Elkanah offered, he gave to Peninnah his wife, and to all her sons and her daughters, portions:

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיְהִ֣יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
הַיּ֔וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
וַיִּזְבַּ֖חand he sacrificedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · זָבַח (H2076)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָבַח (H2076) 'and he sacrificed'.
אֶלְקָנָ֑הand ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
וְנָתַ֞ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'and he shall put'.
לִפְנִנָּ֣הtoprep + N proper · פְּנִנָּה (H6444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּנִנָּה (H6444) 'to'.
אִשְׁתּ֗וֹhis wifeN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'his wife'.
וּֽלְכָלand to allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and to all'.
בָּנֶ֛יהָher sonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'her sons'.
וּבְנוֹתֶ֖יהָand her daughter-townsconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 3fs · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'and her daughter-towns'.
מָנֽוֹתas a portionN c · מָנָה (H4490)Construct chain (genitival)מָנָה (H4490) 'as a portion'.
5

וּלְחַנָּ֕ה יִתֵּ֛ן מָנָ֥ה אַחַ֖ת אַפָּ֑יִם כִּ֤י אֶת חַנָּה֙ אָהֵ֔ב וַֽיהוָ֖ה סָגַ֥ר רַחְמָֽהּ

But to Hannah he gave a worthy portion; for he loved Hannah: but YHWH had shut up her womb.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'would give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּלְחַנָּ֕הandconj וְ + prep + N proper · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'and'.
יִתֵּ֛ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
מָנָ֥הas a portionN c · מָנָה (H4490)Construct chain (genitival)מָנָה (H4490) 'as a portion'.
אַחַ֖תoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
אַפָּ֑יִםof anger/nostrilsN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'of anger/nostrils'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חַנָּה֙HannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
אָהֵ֔בlovedQal perf 3ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'loved'.
וַֽיהוָ֖הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
סָגַ֥רhas shutQal perf 3ms · סָגַר (H5462)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָגַר (H5462) 'has shut'.
רַחְמָֽהּher wombN c · רֶחֶם (H7358)Construct chain (genitival)רֶחֶם (H7358) 'her womb'.
6

וְכִֽעֲסַ֤תָּה צָֽרָתָהּ֙ גַּם כַּ֔עַס בַּעֲב֖וּר הַרְּעִמָ֑הּ כִּֽי סָגַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בְּעַ֥ד רַחְמָֽהּ

And her adversary also provoked her sore, for to make her fret, because YHWH had shut up her womb.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to provoke him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְכִֽעֲסַ֤תָּהto provoke himconj וְ + Piel perf 3fs + sfx 3fs · כָּעַס (H3707)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actכָּעַס (H3707) 'to provoke him'.
צָֽרָתָהּ֙and troublesN c · צָרָה (H6869)Construct chain (genitival)צָרָה (H6869) 'and troubles'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
כַּ֔עַסthe provocation ofN c · כַּעַס (H3708)Construct chain (genitival)כַּעַס (H3708) 'the provocation of'.
בַּעֲב֖וּרfor the sake ofprep + N com m sg constr · עָבוּר (H5668)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָבוּר (H5668) 'for the sake of'.
הַרְּעִמָ֑הּmake to fretHiphil inf constr + sfx 3fs · רָעַם (H7481)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָעַם (H7481) 'make to fret'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
סָגַ֥רhas shutQal perf 3ms · סָגַר (H5462)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָגַר (H5462) 'has shut'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּעַ֥דthroughprep · בְּעַד (H1157)Particle or relational elementבְּעַד (H1157) 'through'.
רַחְמָֽהּher wombN c · רֶחֶם (H7358)Construct chain (genitival)רֶחֶם (H7358) 'her womb'.
7

וְכֵ֨ן יַעֲשֶׂ֜ה שָׁנָ֣ה בְשָׁנָ֗ה מִדֵּ֤י עֲלֹתָהּ֙ בְּבֵ֣ית יְהוָ֔ה כֵּ֖ן תַּכְעִסֶ֑נָּה וַתִּבְכֶּ֖ה וְלֹ֥א תֹאכַֽל

And he did so year by year, when she went up to the house of YHWH, so she provoked her; therefore she wept, and did not eat.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'he shall do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְכֵ֨ןand soconj וְ + adv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'and so'.
יַעֲשֶׂ֜הhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
שָׁנָ֣הyearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'years'.
בְשָׁנָ֗הin the yearprep + N com f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'in the year'.
מִדֵּ֤יthan enough forprep + N com m sg constr · דַּי (H1767)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּי (H1767) 'than enough for'.
עֲלֹתָהּ֙it came upQal inf constr + sfx 3fs · עָלָה (H5927)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָלָה (H5927) 'it came up'.
בְּבֵ֣יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in the house'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
תַּכְעִסֶ֑נָּהto provoke himHiphil impf 3fs + sfx 3fs · כָּעַס (H3707)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalכָּעַס (H3707) 'to provoke him'.
וַתִּבְכֶּ֖הand they weptconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · בָּכָה (H1058)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תֹאכַֽלyou shall eatQal impf 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
8

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לָ֜הּ אֶלְקָנָ֣ה אִישָׁ֗הּ חַנָּה֙ לָ֣מֶה תִבְכִּ֗י וְלָ֨מֶה֙ לֹ֣א תֹֽאכְלִ֔י וְלָ֖מֶה יֵרַ֣ע לְבָבֵ֑ךְ הֲל֤וֹא אָֽנֹכִי֙ ט֣וֹב לָ֔ךְ מֵעֲשָׂרָ֖ה בָּנִֽים

Then said Elkanah her husband to her, Hannah, why weepest you? and why eatest you not? and why is your heart grieved? not I better to you than ten sons?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָ֜הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶלְקָנָ֣הand ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
אִישָׁ֗הּher husbandN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'her husband'.
חַנָּה֙HannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
לָ֣מֶהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
תִבְכִּ֗יand they weptQal impf 2fs · בָּכָה (H1058)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
וְלָ֨מֶה֙and whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֹֽאכְלִ֔יyou shall eatQal impf 2fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
וְלָ֖מֶהand whyconj וְ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'and why'.
יֵרַ֣עbe grevious (only Isaiah 15:4Qal impf 3ms · יָרַע (H3415)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָרַע (H3415) 'be grevious (only Isaiah 15:4'.
לְבָבֵ֑ךְyour heartN c · לֵבָב (H3824)Construct chain (genitival)לֵבָב (H3824) 'your heart'.
הֲל֤וֹאis it notinterrog. + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'is it not'.
אָֽנֹכִי֙Ipron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
ט֣וֹבgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
לָ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
מֵעֲשָׂרָ֖הtenprep + Adj c · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'.
בָּנִֽיםsonsN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons'.
9

וַתָּ֣קָם חַנָּ֔ה אַחֲרֵ֛י אָכְלָ֥ה בְשִׁלֹ֖ה וְאַחֲרֵ֣י שָׁתֹ֑ה וְעֵלִ֣י הַכֹּהֵ֗ן יֹשֵׁב֙ עַל הַכִּסֵּ֔א עַל מְזוּזַ֖ת הֵיכַ֥ל יְהוָֽה

So Hannah rose up after they had eaten in Shiloh, and after they had drunk. Now Eli the priest sat upon a seat by a post of the temple of YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַתָּ֣קָםand she aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and she arose'.
חַנָּ֔הHannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
אַחֲרֵ֛יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
אָכְלָ֥הconsumingQal inf constr · אָכַל (H398)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָכַל (H398) 'consuming'.
בְשִׁלֹ֖הat Shilohprep + N proper · שִׁלֹה (H7887)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁלֹה (H7887) 'at Shiloh'.
וְאַחֲרֵ֣יand afterconj וְ + prep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and after'.
שָׁתֹ֑הdrinkQal inf abs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁתָה (H8354) 'drink'.
וְעֵלִ֣יandconj וְ + N proper · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'and'.
הַכֹּהֵ֗ןthe priestart + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
יֹשֵׁב֙dwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַכִּסֵּ֔אthe throneart + N com m sg abs · כִּסֵּא (H3678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כִּסֵּא (H3678) 'the throne'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מְזוּזַ֖תthe doorposts ofN c · מְזוּזָה (H4201)Construct chain (genitival)מְזוּזָה (H4201) 'the doorposts of'.
הֵיכַ֥לpalaceN c · הֵיכָל (H1964)Construct chain (genitival)הֵיכָל (H1964) 'palace'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
10

וְהִ֖יא מָ֣רַת נָ֑פֶשׁ וַתִּתְפַּלֵּ֥ל עַל יְהוָ֖ה וּבָכֹ֥ה תִבְכֶּֽה

And she in bitterness of soul, and prayed to YHWH, and wept sore.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he prayed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְהִ֖יאand sheconj וְ + pron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and she'.
מָ֣רַתof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
נָ֑פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
וַתִּתְפַּלֵּ֥לand he prayedconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3fs · פָּלַל (H6419)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּלַל (H6419) 'and he prayed'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וּבָכֹ֥הand they weptconj וְ + Qal inf abs · בָּכָה (H1058)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
תִבְכֶּֽהand they weptQal impf 3fs · בָּכָה (H1058)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבָּכָה (H1058) 'and they wept'.
11

וַתִּדֹּ֨ר נֶ֜דֶר וַתֹּאמַ֗ר יְהוָ֨ה צְבָא֜וֹת אִם רָאֹ֥ה תִרְאֶ֣ה בָּעֳנִ֣י אֲמָתֶ֗ךָ וּזְכַרְתַּ֨נִי֙ וְלֹֽא תִשְׁכַּ֣ח אֶת אֲמָתֶ֔ךָ וְנָתַתָּ֥ה לַאֲמָתְךָ֖ זֶ֣רַע אֲנָשִׁ֑ים וּנְתַתִּ֤יו לַֽיהוָה֙ כָּל יְמֵ֣י חַיָּ֔יו וּמוֹרָ֖ה לֹא יַעֲלֶ֥ה עַל רֹאשֽׁוֹ

And she vowed a vow, and said, O YHWH of hosts, if you will indeed look on the affliction of your handmaid, and remember me, and not forget your handmaid, but will give to your handmaid a man child, then I will give him to YHWH all the days of his life, and there shall no razor come upon his head.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'you vow'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
וַתִּדֹּ֨רyou vowconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · נָדַר (H5087)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָדַר (H5087) 'you vow'.
נֶ֜דֶרa vowN c · נֶדֶר (H5088)Construct chain (genitival)נֶדֶר (H5088) 'a vow'.
וַתֹּאמַ֗רand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
צְבָא֜וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
רָאֹ֥הseeQal inf abs · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionרָאָה (H7200) 'see'.
תִרְאֶ֣הyou will seeQal impf 2ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָאָה (H7200) 'you will see'.
בָּעֳנִ֣יmy afflictionprep + N com m sg constr · עֳנִי (H6040)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֳנִי (H6040) 'my affliction'.
אֲמָתֶ֗ךָyour maidservantN c · אָמָה (H519)Construct chain (genitival)אָמָה (H519) 'your maidservant'.
וּזְכַרְתַּ֨נִי֙and you shall rememberconj וְ + Qal q 2ms + sfx 1cs · זָכַר (H2142)Particle or relational elementזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
תִשְׁכַּ֣חyou forgetQal impf 2ms · שָׁכַח (H7911)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַח (H7911) 'you forget'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲמָתֶ֔ךָyour maidservantN c · אָמָה (H519)Construct chain (genitival)אָמָה (H519) 'your maidservant'.
וְנָתַתָּ֥הand you shall putconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and you shall put'.
לַאֲמָתְךָ֖to your female servantprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 2ms · אָמָה (H519)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָמָה (H519) 'to your female servant'.
זֶ֣רַעseedN c · זֶרַע (H2233)Construct chain (genitival)זֶרַע (H2233) 'seed'.
אֲנָשִׁ֑יםmenN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'men'.
וּנְתַתִּ֤יוand I will make himconj וְ + Qal q 1cs + sfx 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Particle or relational elementנָתַן (H5414) 'and I will make him'.
לַֽיהוָה֙to YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יְמֵ֣יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
חַיָּ֔יוhis lifeN c · חַי (H2416)Construct chain (genitival)חַי (H2416) 'his life'.
וּמוֹרָ֖הandconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מוֹרָה (H4177)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹרָה (H4177) 'and'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יַעֲלֶ֥הshall go upQal impf 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָלָה (H5927) 'shall go up'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רֹאשֽׁוֹhis headN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'his head'.
12

וְהָיָה֙ כִּ֣י הִרְבְּתָ֔ה לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וְעֵלִ֖י שֹׁמֵ֥ר אֶת פִּֽיהָ

And it came to pass, as she continued praying before YHWH, that Eli marked her mouth.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and it shall be'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְהָיָה֙and it shall beconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'and it shall be'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִרְבְּתָ֔הand multiplyHiphil perf 3fs · רָבָה (H7235)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָבָה (H7235) 'and multiply'.
לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖לand he prayedprep + Hithpael inf constr · פָּלַל (H6419)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּלַל (H6419) 'and he prayed'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְעֵלִ֖יandconj וְ + N proper · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'and'.
שֹׁמֵ֥רkeepQal ptc ms · שָׁמַר (H8104)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁמַר (H8104) 'keep'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פִּֽיהָits mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'its mouth'.
13

וְחַנָּ֗ה הִ֚יא מְדַבֶּ֣רֶת עַל לִבָּ֔הּ רַ֚ק שְׂפָתֶ֣יהָ נָּע֔וֹת וְקוֹלָ֖הּ לֹ֣א יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַ וַיַּחְשְׁבֶ֥הָ עֵלִ֖י לְשִׁכֹּרָֽה

Now Hannah, she spake in her heart; only her lips moved, but her voice was not heard: therefore Eli thought she had been drunken.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'and he spoke'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְחַנָּ֗הandconj וְ + N proper · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'and'.
הִ֚יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
מְדַבֶּ֣רֶתand he spokePiel ptc fs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'and he spoke'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
לִבָּ֔הּhis heartN c · לֵב (H3820)Construct chain (genitival)לֵב (H3820) 'his heart'.
רַ֚קonlyparticle · רַק (H7535)Particle or relational elementרַק (H7535) 'only'.
שְׂפָתֶ֣יהָher lipsN c · שָׂפָה (H8193)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂפָה (H8193) 'her lips'.
נָּע֔וֹתwanderingQal ptc fp · נוּעַ (H5128)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנוּעַ (H5128) 'wandering'.
וְקוֹלָ֖הּto the voice ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִשָּׁמֵ֑עַwill listen/obeyN · שָׁמַע (H8085)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַע (H8085) 'will listen/obey'.
וַיַּחְשְׁבֶ֥הָand he reckoned itconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3fs · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָשַׁב (H2803) 'and he reckoned it'.
עֵלִ֖יEliN · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'Eli'.
לְשִׁכֹּרָֽהtoprep + Adj · שִׁכּוֹר (H7910)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁכּוֹר (H7910) 'to'.
14

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙ עֵלִ֔י עַד מָתַ֖י תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑ין הָסִ֥ירִי אֶת יֵינֵ֖ךְ מֵעָלָֽיִךְ

And Eli said to her, How long will you be drunken? put away your wine from you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֵלֶ֨יהָ֙to herprep + sfx 3fs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to her'.
עֵלִ֔יEliN · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'Eli'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
מָתַ֖יwheninterrog. · מָתַי (H4970)Particle or relational elementמָתַי (H4970) 'when'.
תִּשְׁתַּכָּרִ֑יןI will make drunkHithpael impf 2fs + Sn · שָׁכַר (H7937)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁכַר (H7937) 'I will make drunk'.
הָסִ֥ירִיhe shall remove itHiphil impv 2fs · סוּר (H5493)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יֵינֵ֖ךְwineN c · יַיִן (H3196)Construct chain (genitival)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
מֵעָלָֽיִךְfrom upon youprep + prep + sfx 2fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon you'.
15

וַתַּ֨עַן חַנָּ֤ה וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙ לֹ֣א אֲדֹנִ֔י אִשָּׁ֤ה קְשַׁת ר֨וּחַ֙ אָנֹ֔כִי וְיַ֥יִן וְשֵׁכָ֖ר לֹ֣א שָׁתִ֑יתִי וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְ אֶת נַפְשִׁ֖י לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And Hannah answered and said, No, my lord, I a woman of a sorrowful spirit: I have drunk neither wine nor strong drink, but have poured out my soul before YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'And answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַתַּ֨עַןAnd answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'And answered'.
חַנָּ֤הHannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙and she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲדֹנִ֔יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
אִשָּׁ֤הa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
קְשַׁתhardAdj · קָשֶׁה (H7186)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָשֶׁה (H7186) 'hard'.
ר֨וּחַ֙a spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
אָנֹ֔כִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
וְיַ֥יִןand wineconj וְ + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'and wine'.
וְשֵׁכָ֖רand strong drinkconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שֵׁכָר (H7941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁכָר (H7941) 'and strong drink'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
שָׁתִ֑יתִיI drankQal perf 1cs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁתָה (H8354) 'I drank'.
וָאֶשְׁפֹּ֥ךְhe shall pour outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 1cs · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'he shall pour out'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשִׁ֖יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
16

אַל תִּתֵּן֙ אֶת אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔ לִפְנֵ֖י בַּת בְּלִיָּ֑עַל כִּֽי מֵרֹ֥ב שִׂיחִ֛י וְכַעְסִ֖י דִּבַּ֥רְתִּי עַד הֵֽנָּה

Count not your handmaid for a daughter of Belial: for out of the abundance of my complaint and grief have I spoken hitherto.

Jussive — volitionalasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'you shall give'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּתֵּן֙you shall giveQal jussive 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָתַן (H5414) 'you shall give'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲמָ֣תְךָ֔your maidservantN c · אָמָה (H519)Construct chain (genitival)אָמָה (H519) 'your maidservant'.
לִפְנֵ֖יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
בַּתdaughter ofN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughter of'.
בְּלִיָּ֑עַלworthlessnessN c · בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100)Construct chain (genitival)בְּלִיַּעַל (H1100) 'worthlessness'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מֵרֹ֥בbecause of multitudeprep + N com c sg constr · רֹב (H7230)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹב (H7230) 'because of multitude'.
שִׂיחִ֛יbabblingN c · שִׂיחַ (H7879)Construct chain (genitival)שִׂיחַ (H7879) 'babbling'.
וְכַעְסִ֖יbecause of the provocation ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · כַּעַס (H3708)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּעַס (H3708) 'because of the provocation of'.
דִּבַּ֥רְתִּיI spokePiel perf 1cs · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדִּבֶּר (H1696) 'I spoke'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
הֵֽנָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here'.
17

וַיַּ֧עַן עֵלִ֛י וַיֹּ֖אמֶר לְכִ֣י לְשָׁל֑וֹם וֵאלֹהֵ֣י יִשְׂרָאֵ֗ל יִתֵּן֙ אֶת שֵׁ֣לָתֵ֔ךְ אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁאַ֖לְתְּ מֵעִמּֽוֹ

Then Eli answered and said, Go in peace: and the God of Israel grant your petition that you have asked of him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיַּ֧עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
עֵלִ֛יEliN · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'Eli'.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לְכִ֣יGo!Qal impv 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'Go!'.
לְשָׁל֑וֹםin peaceprep + N com m sg abs · שָׁלוֹם (H7965)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹם (H7965) 'in peace'.
וֵאלֹהֵ֣יand the God ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'and the God of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֗לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
יִתֵּן֙would giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שֵׁ֣לָתֵ֔ךְrequestN c · שְׁאֵלָה (H7596)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵלָה (H7596) 'request'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
שָׁאַ֖לְתְּyou askedQal perf 2fs · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'you asked'.
מֵעִמּֽוֹfrom himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'from him'.
18

וַתֹּ֕אמֶר תִּמְצָ֧א שִׁפְחָתְךָ֛ חֵ֖ן בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָ וַתֵּ֨לֶךְ הָאִשָּׁ֤ה לְדַרְכָּהּ֙ וַתֹּאכַ֔ל וּפָנֶ֥יהָ לֹא הָיוּ לָ֖הּ עֽוֹד

And she said, Let your handmaid find grace in your sight. So the woman went her way, and did eat, and her countenance was no more .

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַתֹּ֕אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
תִּמְצָ֧אshe findsQal jussive 3fs · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalמָצָא (H4672) 'she finds'.
שִׁפְחָתְךָ֛your maidservantN c · שִׁפְחָה (H8198)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁפְחָה (H8198) 'your maidservant'.
חֵ֖ןfavorN c · חֵן (H2580)Construct chain (genitival)חֵן (H2580) 'favor'.
בְּעֵינֶ֑יךָin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2ms · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
וַתֵּ֨לֶךְand she wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and she went'.
הָאִשָּׁ֤הthe womanart + N com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
לְדַרְכָּהּ֙on the wayprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3fs · דֶּרֶךְ (H1870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּרֶךְ (H1870) 'on the way'.
וַתֹּאכַ֔לand it consumedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָכַל (H398) 'and it consumed'.
וּפָנֶ֥יהָbeforeconj וְ + N com c pl constr + sfx 3fs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
הָיוּwereQal perf 3cp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'were'.
לָ֖הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
עֽוֹדagainart · עוֹד (H5750)Particle or relational elementעוֹד (H5750) 'again'.
19

וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּ בַבֹּ֗קֶר וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙ לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּ וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ אֶל בֵּיתָ֖ם הָרָמָ֑תָה וַיֵּ֤דַע אֶלְקָנָה֙ אֶת חַנָּ֣ה אִשְׁתּ֔וֹ וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָ יְהוָֽה

And they rose up in the morning early, and worshipped before YHWH, and returned, and came to their house to Ramah: and Elkanah knew Hannah his wife; and YHWH remembered her.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they rose early'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיַּשְׁכִּ֣מוּand they rose earlyconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁכַם (H7925)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַם (H7925) 'and they rose early'.
בַבֹּ֗קֶרin the morningprep + art + N com m sg abs · בֹּקֶר (H1242)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֹּקֶר (H1242) 'in the morning'.
וַיִּֽשְׁתַּחֲווּ֙and they bowed downconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁחָה (H7812)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁחָה (H7812) 'and they bowed down'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיָּשֻׁ֛בוּand they returnedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשׁוּב (H7725) 'and they returned'.
וַיָּבֹ֥אוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּיתָ֖םthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הָרָמָ֑תָהRamahart + N proper + Sd · רָמָה (H7414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָמָה (H7414) 'Ramah'.
וַיֵּ֤דַעand knewconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָדַע (H3045) 'and knew'.
אֶלְקָנָה֙and ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חַנָּ֣הHannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
אִשְׁתּ֔וֹhis wifeN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'his wife'.
וַיִּֽזְכְּרֶ֖הָand you shall rememberconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3fs · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
20

וַיְהִי֙ לִתְקֻפ֣וֹת הַיָּמִ֔ים וַתַּ֥הַר חַנָּ֖ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן וַתִּקְרָ֤א אֶת שְׁמוֹ֙ שְׁמוּאֵ֔ל כִּ֥י מֵיְהוָ֖ה שְׁאִלְתִּֽיו

Wherefore it came to pass, when the time was come about after Hannah had conceived, that she bare a son, and called his name Samuel, , Because I have asked him of YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לִתְקֻפ֣וֹתturn ofprep + N com f pl constr · תְּקוּפָה (H8622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּקוּפָה (H8622) 'turn of'.
הַיָּמִ֔יםthe daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days'.
וַתַּ֥הַרand she conceivedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָרָה (H2029)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָרָה (H2029) 'and she conceived'.
חַנָּ֖הHannahN · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'Hannah'.
וַתֵּ֣לֶדand she boreconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָלַד (H3205)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָלַד (H3205) 'and she bore'.
בֵּ֑ןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
וַתִּקְרָ֤אand she calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and she called'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁמוֹ֙his nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'his name'.
שְׁמוּאֵ֔לShemuelN · שְׁמוּאֵל (H8050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמוּאֵל (H8050) 'Shemuel'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מֵיְהוָ֖הfrom YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'from YHWH'.
שְׁאִלְתִּֽיוaskQal perf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
21

וַיַּ֛עַל הָאִ֥ישׁ אֶלְקָנָ֖ה וְכָל בֵּית֑וֹ לִזְבֹּ֧חַ לַֽיהוָ֛ה אֶת זֶ֥בַח הַיָּמִ֖ים וְאֶת נִדְרֽוֹ

And the man Elkanah, and all his house, went up to offer to YHWH the yearly sacrifice, and his vow.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּ֛עַלand he went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
הָאִ֥ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
אֶלְקָנָ֖הand ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
בֵּית֑וֹhis houseN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'his house'.
לִזְבֹּ֧חַto sacrificeprep + Qal inf constr · זָבַח (H2076)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזָבַח (H2076) 'to sacrifice'.
לַֽיהוָ֛הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
זֶ֥בַחthe sacrifice ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'the sacrifice of'.
הַיָּמִ֖יםthe daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
נִדְרֽוֹhis vowN c · נֶדֶר (H5088)Construct chain (genitival)נֶדֶר (H5088) 'his vow'.
22

וְחַנָּ֖ה לֹ֣א עָלָ֑תָה כִּֽי אָמְרָ֣ה לְאִישָׁ֗הּ עַ֣ד יִגָּמֵ֤ל הַנַּ֨עַר֙ וַהֲבִאֹתִ֗יו וְנִרְאָה֙ אֶת פְּנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה וְיָ֥שַׁב שָׁ֖ם עַד עוֹלָֽם

But Hannah went not up; for she said to her husband, until the child be weaned, and I will bring him, that he may appear before YHWH, and there abide for ever.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'it came up'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְחַנָּ֖הandconj וְ + N proper · חַנָּה (H2584)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַנָּה (H2584) 'and'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
עָלָ֑תָהit came upQal perf 3fs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'it came up'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אָמְרָ֣הshe saidQal perf 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'she said'.
לְאִישָׁ֗הּto her husbandprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3fs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'to her husband'.
עַ֣דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
יִגָּמֵ֤לdo you repayN · גָּמַל (H1580)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
הַנַּ֨עַר֙the boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
וַהֲבִאֹתִ֗יוand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Particle or relational elementבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
וְנִרְאָה֙and we shall seeconj וְ + Niphal q 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Particle or relational elementרָאָה (H7200) 'and we shall see'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וְיָ֥שַׁבand he dweltconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Particle or relational elementיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and he dwelt'.
שָׁ֖םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
עוֹלָֽםperpetuityN c · עוֹלָם (H5769)Construct chain (genitival)עוֹלָם (H5769) 'perpetuity'.
23

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לָהּ֩ אֶלְקָנָ֨ה אִישָׁ֜הּ עֲשִׂ֧י הַטּ֣וֹב בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְ שְׁבִי֙ עַד גָּמְלֵ֣ךְ אֹת֔וֹ אַ֛ךְ יָקֵ֥ם יְהוָ֖ה אֶת דְּבָר֑וֹ וַתֵּ֤שֶׁב הָֽאִשָּׁה֙ וַתֵּ֣ינֶק אֶת בְּנָ֔הּ עַד גָּמְלָ֖הּ אֹתֽוֹ

And Elkanah her husband said to her, Do what seemeth you good; tarry until you have weaned him; only YHWH establish his word. So the woman abode, and gave her son suck until she weaned him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
לָהּ֩to herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
אֶלְקָנָ֨הand ElkanahN · אֶלְקָנָה (H511)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְקָנָה (H511) 'and Elkanah'.
אִישָׁ֜הּher husbandN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'her husband'.
עֲשִׂ֧יmakers ofQal impv 2fs · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeעָשָׂה (H6213) 'makers of'.
הַטּ֣וֹבthe goodart + Adj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'the good'.
בְּעֵינַ֗יִךְin your eyesprep + N com c du constr + sfx 2fs · עַיִן (H5869)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5869) 'in your eyes'.
שְׁבִי֙remain, dwellQal impv 2fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁב (H3427) 'remain, dwell'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
גָּמְלֵ֣ךְdo you repayQal inf constr + sfx 2fs · גָּמַל (H1580)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
אֹת֔וֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
אַ֛ךְonlyparticle · אַךְ (H389)Particle or relational elementאַךְ (H389) 'only'.
יָקֵ֥םlet riseHiphil jussive 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalקוּם (H6965) 'let rise'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דְּבָר֑וֹhis wordN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'his word'.
וַתֵּ֤שֶׁבand she satconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and she sat'.
הָֽאִשָּׁה֙the womanart + N com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
וַתֵּ֣ינֶקthat she may nurseconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs · יָנַק (H3243)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָנַק (H3243) 'that she may nurse'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בְּנָ֔הּher sonN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'her son'.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
גָּמְלָ֖הּdo you repayQal inf constr + sfx 3fs · גָּמַל (H1580)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
אֹתֽוֹhimobj marker + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'him'.
24

וַתַּעֲלֵ֨הוּ עִמָּ֜הּ כַּאֲשֶׁ֣ר גְּמָלַ֗תּוּ בְּפָרִ֤ים שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ וְאֵיפָ֨ה אַחַ֥ת קֶ֨מַח֙ וְנֵ֣בֶל יַ֔יִן וַתְּבִאֵ֥הוּ בֵית יְהוָ֖ה שִׁל֑וֹ וְהַנַּ֖עַר נָֽעַר

And when she had weaned him, she took him up with her, with three bullocks, and one ephah of flour, and a bottle of wine, and brought him to the house of YHWH in Shiloh: and the child young.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַתַּעֲלֵ֨הוּand he went upconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
עִמָּ֜הּwith herprep + sfx 3fs · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with her'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֣רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
גְּמָלַ֗תּוּdo you repayQal perf 3fs + sfx 3ms · גָּמַל (H1580)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּמַל (H1580) 'do you repay'.
בְּפָרִ֤יםa bullprep + N com m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּר (H6499) 'a bull'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
וְאֵיפָ֨הand an ephahconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אֵיפָה (H374)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵיפָה (H374) 'and an ephah'.
אַחַ֥תoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
קֶ֨מַח֙flourN c · קֶמַח (H7058)Construct chain (genitival)קֶמַח (H7058) 'flour'.
וְנֵ֣בֶלandconj וְ + N com m sg constr · נֶבֶל (H5035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶבֶל (H5035) 'and'.
יַ֔יִןwineN c · יַיִן (H3196)Construct chain (genitival)יַיִן (H3196) 'wine'.
וַתְּבִאֵ֥הוּand she brought himconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and she brought him'.
בֵיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
שִׁל֑וֹat ShilohN · שִׁלֹה (H7887)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁלֹה (H7887) 'at Shiloh'.
וְהַנַּ֖עַרand the boyconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'and the boy'.
נָֽעַרa boyN c · נַעַר (H5288)Construct chain (genitival)נַעַר (H5288) 'a boy'.
25

וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּ אֶת הַפָּ֑ר וַיָּבִ֥יאוּ אֶת הַנַּ֖עַר אֶל עֵלִֽי

And they slew a bullock, and brought the child to Eli.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they slaughtered'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַֽיִּשְׁחֲט֖וּand they slaughteredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁחַט (H7819)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁחַט (H7819) 'and they slaughtered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַפָּ֑רthe bullart + N com m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּר (H6499) 'the bull'.
וַיָּבִ֥יאוּand they broughtconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they brought'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַנַּ֖עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
עֵלִֽיEliN · עֵלִי (H5941)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵלִי (H5941) 'Eli'.
26

וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙ בִּ֣י אֲדֹנִ֔י חֵ֥י נַפְשְׁךָ֖ אֲדֹנִ֑י אֲנִ֣י הָאִשָּׁ֗ה הַנִּצֶּ֤בֶת עִמְּכָה֙ בָּזֶ֔ה לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖ל אֶל יְהוָֽה

And she said, Oh my lord, your soul liveth, my lord, I the woman that stood by you here, praying to YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וַתֹּ֨אמֶר֙and she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
בִּ֣יpleaseparticle · בִּי (H994)Particle or relational elementבִּי (H994) 'please'.
אֲדֹנִ֔יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
חֵ֥יaliveAdj · חַי (H2416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַי (H2416) 'alive'.
נַפְשְׁךָ֖your soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
אֲדֹנִ֑יmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
הָאִשָּׁ֗הthe womanart + N com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'the woman'.
הַנִּצֶּ֤בֶתstandingart + Niphal ptc fs · נָצַב (H5324)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
עִמְּכָה֙withprep + sfx 2ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
בָּזֶ֔הhereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'here'.
לְהִתְפַּלֵּ֖לand he prayedprep + Hithpael inf constr · פָּלַל (H6419)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּלַל (H6419) 'and he prayed'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
27

אֶל הַנַּ֥עַר הַזֶּ֖ה הִתְפַּלָּ֑לְתִּי וַיִּתֵּ֨ן יְהוָ֥ה לִי֙ אֶת שְׁאֵ֣לָתִ֔י אֲשֶׁ֥ר שָׁאַ֖לְתִּי מֵעִמּֽוֹ

For this child I prayed; and YHWH has given me my petition which I asked of him:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and he prayed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַנַּ֥עַרthe boyart + N com m sg abs · נַעַר (H5288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעַר (H5288) 'the boy'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
הִתְפַּלָּ֑לְתִּיand he prayedHithpael perf 1cs · פָּלַל (H6419)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actפָּלַל (H6419) 'and he prayed'.
וַיִּתֵּ֨ןand he gaveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave'.
יְהוָ֥הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁאֵ֣לָתִ֔יrequestN c · שְׁאֵלָה (H7596)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵלָה (H7596) 'request'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
שָׁאַ֖לְתִּיaskQal perf 1cs · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
מֵעִמּֽוֹfrom himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'from him'.
28

וְגַ֣ם אָנֹכִ֗י הִשְׁאִלְתִּ֨הוּ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה כָּל הַיָּמִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הָיָ֔ה ה֥וּא שָׁא֖וּל לַֽיהוָ֑ה וַיִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּ שָׁ֖ם לַיהוָֽה

Therefore also I have lent him to YHWH; as long as he liveth he shall be lent to YHWH. And he worshipped YHWH there.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'ask'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְגַ֣םand alsoconj וְ + particle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'and also'.
אָנֹכִ֗יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
הִשְׁאִלְתִּ֨הוּ֙askHiphil perf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַיָּמִים֙the daysart + N com m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָיָ֔הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
ה֥וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
שָׁא֖וּלhe kept askingQal ptc ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁאַל (H7592) 'he kept asking'.
לַֽיהוָ֑הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וַיִּשְׁתַּ֥חוּand he bowed downconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁחָה (H7812)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁחָה (H7812) 'and he bowed down'.
שָׁ֖םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
לַיהוָֽהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.