Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The First Book of Chronicles, Chapter 11דברי הימים א 11

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

1 Chronicles 11 (47 verses in the MT) opens: Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying, Behold, we your bone and your flesh. The middle of the chapter continues: These did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had the name among the three mighties. It closes: Eliel, and Obed, and Jasiel the Mesobaite.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 1 Chronicles 11 comprises 47 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-10) — Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying, Behold,. Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying, Behold, we your bone and your flesh. And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, you he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and YHWH your God said to you, You shall feed my people Israel, and you shall be ruler over my people Israel. Therefore came all the elders of Israel to the. Movement II (vv. 11-20) — And this the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hach. And this the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain at one time. And after him Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who of the three mighties. He was with David at Pasdammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a. Movement III (vv. 21-30) — Of the three, he was more honourable than the two; for he was their capt. Of the three, he was more honourable than the two; for he was their captain: howbeit he attained not to the three. Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done many acts; he slew two lionlike men of Moab: also he went down and slew a lion in a pit in a snowy day. And he slew an Egyptian, a man of stature, five cubits high;. Movement IV (vv. 31-40) — Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah, to the children of Benjamin, Benaiah t. Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah, to the children of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite, Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite, Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite, The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shage the Hararite, Ahiam the son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal the son of Ur, Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the. Movement V (vv. 41-47) — Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai. Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai, Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a captain of the Reubenites, and thirty with him, Hanan the son of Maachah, and Joshaphat the Mithnite, Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jehiel the sons of Hothan the Aroerite, Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite, Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיִּקָּבְצ֧וּ כָֽל יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל אֶל דָּוִ֖יד חֶבְר֣וֹנָה לֵאמֹ֑ר הִנֵּ֛ה עַצְמְךָ֥ וּֽבְשָׂרְךָ֖ אֲנָֽחְנוּ

Then all Israel gathered themselves to David to Hebron, saying, Behold, we your bone and your flesh.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and let them gather'. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּקָּבְצ֧וּand let them gatherconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַץ (H6908) 'and let them gather'.
כָֽלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
חֶבְר֣וֹנָהto HebronN · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'to Hebron'.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
הִנֵּ֛הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
עַצְמְךָ֥on this veryN c · עֶצֶם (H6106)Construct chain (genitival)עֶצֶם (H6106) 'on this very'.
וּֽבְשָׂרְךָ֖fleshconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּשָׂר (H1320) 'flesh'.
אֲנָֽחְנוּwepron 1cp · אֲנַחְנוּ (H587)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנַחְנוּ (H587) 'we'.
2

גַּם תְּמ֣וֹל גַּם שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹם גַּ֚ם בִּהְי֣וֹת שָׁא֣וּל מֶ֔לֶךְ אַתָּ֛ה הַמּוֹצִ֥יא וְהַמֵּבִ֖יא אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֑ל וַיֹּאמֶר֩ יְהוָ֨ה אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָ לְךָ֗ אַתָּ֨ה תִרְעֶ֤ה אֶת עַמִּי֙ אֶת יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל וְאַתָּה֙ תִּהְיֶ֣ה נָגִ֔יד עַ֖ל עַמִּ֥י יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, you he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and YHWH your God said to you, You shall feed my people Israel, and you shall be ruler over my people Israel.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complementasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'when there was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
תְּמ֣וֹלyesterdayart · תְּמוֹל (H8543)Particle or relational elementתְּמוֹל (H8543) 'yesterday'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
שִׁלְשׁ֗וֹםbeforeN c · שִׁלְשׁוֹם (H8032)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁלְשׁוֹם (H8032) 'before'.
גַּ֚םalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
בִּהְי֣וֹתwhen there wasprep + Qal inf constr · הָיָה (H1961)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָיָה (H1961) 'when there was'.
שָׁא֣וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
מֶ֔לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
אַתָּ֛הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
הַמּוֹצִ֥יאwho brought outart + Hiphil ptc ms · יָצָא (H3318)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָצָא (H3318) 'who brought out'.
וְהַמֵּבִ֖יאand they cameconj וְ + art + Hiphil ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֑לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָ֨הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֶ֜יךָyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
לְךָ֗to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אַתָּ֨הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
תִרְעֶ֤הshepherdingQal impf 2ms · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעָה (H7462) 'shepherding'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַמִּי֙my peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
וְאַתָּה֙and youconj וְ + pron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
תִּהְיֶ֣הshall beQal impf 2ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
נָגִ֔ידtoN c · נָגִיד (H5057)Construct chain (genitival)נָגִיד (H5057) 'to'.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עַמִּ֥יmy peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'my people'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
3

וַ֠יָּבֹאוּ כָּל זִקְנֵ֨י יִשְׂרָאֵ֤ל אֶל הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ חֶבְר֔וֹנָה וַיִּכְרֹת֩ לָהֶ֨ם דָּוִ֥יד בְּרִ֛ית בְּחֶבְר֖וֹן לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּמְשְׁח֨וּ אֶת דָּוִ֤יד לְמֶ֨לֶךְ֙ עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל כִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה בְּיַד שְׁמוּאֵֽל

Therefore came all the elders of Israel to the king to Hebron; and David made a covenant with them in Hebron before YHWH; and they anointed David king over Israel, according to the word of YHWH by Samuel.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַ֠יָּבֹאוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
זִקְנֵ֨יthe elders ofAdj · זָקֵן (H2205)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָקֵן (H2205) 'the elders of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֤לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
חֶבְר֔וֹנָהto HebronN · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'to Hebron'.
וַיִּכְרֹת֩and he cut offconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · כָּרַת (H3772)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceכָּרַת (H3772) 'and he cut off'.
לָהֶ֨םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
דָּוִ֥ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בְּרִ֛יתthe covenant ofN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'the covenant of'.
בְּחֶבְר֖וֹןat Hebronprep + N proper · חֶבְרוֹן (H2275)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶבְרוֹן (H2275) 'at Hebron'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיִּמְשְׁח֨וּand you shall anointconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · מָשַׁח (H4886)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָשַׁח (H4886) 'and you shall anoint'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דָּוִ֤ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לְמֶ֨לֶךְ֙to the king ofprep + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'to the king of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
כִּדְבַ֥רaccording to the word ofprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
בְּיַדby the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'by the hand of'.
שְׁמוּאֵֽלShemuelN · שְׁמוּאֵל (H8050)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמוּאֵל (H8050) 'Shemuel'.
4

וַיֵּ֨לֶךְ דָּוִ֧יד וְכָל יִשְׂרָאֵ֛ל יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖ם הִ֣יא יְב֑וּס וְשָׁם֙ הַיְבוּסִ֔י יֹשְׁבֵ֖י הָאָֽרֶץ

And David and all Israel went to Jerusalem, which Jebus; where the Jebusites , the inhabitants of the land.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיֵּ֨לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֧ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֛לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
הִ֣יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
יְב֑וּסJebusN · יְבוּס (H2982)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְבוּס (H2982) 'Jebus'.
וְשָׁם֙and thereconj וְ + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'and there'.
הַיְבוּסִ֔יthe Jebusiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · יְבוּסִי (H2983)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְבוּסִי (H2983) 'the Jebusite'.
יֹשְׁבֵ֖יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
הָאָֽרֶץthe landart + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
5

וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּ יֹשְׁבֵ֤י יְבוּס֙ לְדָוִ֔יד לֹ֥א תָב֖וֹא הֵ֑נָּה וַיִּלְכֹּ֤ד דָּוִיד֙ אֶת מְצֻדַ֣ת צִיּ֔וֹן הִ֖יא עִ֥יר דָּוִֽיד

And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David, You shall not come hither. Nevertheless David took the castle of Zion, which the city of David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֹּ֨אמְר֜וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
יֹשְׁבֵ֤יthe inhabitants ofQal ptc mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
יְבוּס֙JebusN · יְבוּס (H2982)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְבוּס (H2982) 'Jebus'.
לְדָוִ֔ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תָב֖וֹאyou comeQal impf 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
הֵ֑נָּהhereart · הֵנָּה (H2008)Particle or relational elementהֵנָּה (H2008) 'here'.
וַיִּלְכֹּ֤דand was takenconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָכַד (H3920)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָכַד (H3920) 'and was taken'.
דָּוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מְצֻדַ֣תand his netN c · מְצוּדָה (H4686)Construct chain (genitival)מְצוּדָה (H4686) 'and his net'.
צִיּ֔וֹןZionN · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
הִ֖יאthat ispron 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that is'.
עִ֥ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
דָּוִֽידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
6

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר דָּוִ֔יד כָּל מַכֵּ֤ה יְבוּסִי֙ בָּרִ֣אשׁוֹנָ֔ה יִהְיֶ֥ה לְרֹ֖אשׁ וּלְשָׂ֑ר וַיַּ֧עַל בָּרִאשׁוֹנָ֛ה יוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן צְרוּיָ֖ה וַיְהִ֥י לְרֹֽאשׁ

And David said, Whosoever smiteth the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain. So Joab the son of Zeruiah went first up, and was chief.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֔ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
מַכֵּ֤הwho strikesHiphil ptc ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהִכָּה (H5221) 'who strikes'.
יְבוּסִי֙and the JebusiteN · יְבוּסִי (H2983)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְבוּסִי (H2983) 'and the Jebusite'.
בָּרִ֣אשׁוֹנָ֔הfirstprep + art + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'first'.
יִהְיֶ֥הshall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'shall be'.
לְרֹ֖אשׁas headprep + N com m sg abs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'as head'.
וּלְשָׂ֑רchief ofconj וְ + prep + N com m sg abs · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
וַיַּ֧עַלand he went upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָלָה (H5927) 'and he went up'.
בָּרִאשׁוֹנָ֛הfirstprep + art + Adj · רִאשׁוֹן (H7223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִאשׁוֹן (H7223) 'first'.
יוֹאָ֥בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָ֖הZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לְרֹֽאשׁas headprep + N com m sg abs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'as head'.
7

וַיֵּ֥שֶׁב דָּוִ֖יד בַּמְצָ֑ד עַל כֵּ֥ן קָרְאוּ ל֖וֹ עִ֥יר דָּוִֽיד

And David dwelt in the castle; therefore they called it the city of David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he dwelt'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֵּ֥שֶׁבand he dweltconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and he dwelt'.
דָּוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּמְצָ֑דstrongholdprep + art + N com f sg abs · מְצַד (H4679)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצַד (H4679) 'stronghold'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֥ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
קָרְאוּand he calledQal perf 3cp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
עִ֥ירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
דָּוִֽידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
8

וַיִּ֤בֶן הָעִיר֙ מִסָּבִ֔יב מִן הַמִּלּ֖וֹא וְעַד הַסָּבִ֑יב וְיוֹאָ֕ב יְחַיֶּ֖ה אֶת שְׁאָ֥ר הָעִֽיר

And he built the city round about, even from Millo round about: and Joab repaired the rest of the city.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he built'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיִּ֤בֶןand he builtconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּנָה (H1129)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּנָה (H1129) 'and he built'.
הָעִיר֙the cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
מִסָּבִ֔יבfrom aroundprep + N com c sg abs · סָבִיב (H5439)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָבִיב (H5439) 'from around'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַמִּלּ֖וֹאMilloart + N proper · מִלּוֹא (H4407)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלּוֹא (H4407) 'Millo'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
הַסָּבִ֑יבall aroundart + N com c sg abs · סָבִיב (H5439)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָבִיב (H5439) 'all around'.
וְיוֹאָ֕בJoabconj וְ + N proper · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
יְחַיֶּ֖הdoes livePiel impf 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָיָה (H2421) 'does live'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁאָ֥רotherN c · שְׁאָר (H7605)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאָר (H7605) 'other'.
הָעִֽירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
9

וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ דָּוִ֖יד הָל֣וֹךְ וְגָד֑וֹל וַיהוָ֥ה צְבָא֖וֹת עִמּֽוֹ

So David waxed greater and greater: for YHWH of hosts with him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיֵּ֥לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הָל֣וֹךְgoingQal inf abs · הָלַךְ (H1980)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionהָלַךְ (H1980) 'going'.
וְגָד֑וֹלgreatconj וְ + Qal inf abs · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionגָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וַיהוָ֥הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
צְבָא֖וֹתof troopsN c · צָבָא (H6635)Construct chain (genitival)צָבָא (H6635) 'of troops'.
עִמּֽוֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
10

וְאֵ֨לֶּה רָאשֵׁ֤י הַגִּבּוֹרִים֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְדָוִ֔יד הַמִּתְחַזְּקִ֨ים עִמּ֧וֹ בְמַלְכוּת֛וֹ עִם כָּל יִשְׂרָאֵ֖ל לְהַמְלִיכ֑וֹ כִּדְבַ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה עַל יִשְׂרָאֵֽל

These also the chief of the mighty men whom David had, who strengthened themselves with him in his kingdom, with all Israel, to make him king, according to the word of YHWH concerning Israel.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'be strong'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְאֵ֨לֶּהand theseconj וְ + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'and these'.
רָאשֵׁ֤יthe heads ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the heads of'.
הַגִּבּוֹרִים֙mightyart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לְדָוִ֔ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
הַמִּתְחַזְּקִ֨יםbe strongart + Hithpael ptc mp · חָזַק (H2388)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָזַק (H2388) 'be strong'.
עִמּ֧וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
בְמַלְכוּת֛וֹhis kingdomprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · מַלְכוּת (H4438)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְכוּת (H4438) 'his kingdom'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֖לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
לְהַמְלִיכ֑וֹand reignedprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3ms · מָלַךְ (H4427)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָלַךְ (H4427) 'and reigned'.
כִּדְבַ֥רaccording to the word ofprep + N com m sg constr · דָּבָר (H1697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּבָר (H1697) 'according to the word of'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵֽלIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
11

וְאֵ֛לֶּה מִסְפַּ֥ר הַגִּבֹּרִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר לְדָוִ֑יד יָשָׁבְעָ֣ם בֶּן חַכְמוֹנִ֗י רֹ֚אשׁ השלושים הַשָּׁ֣לִישִׁ֔ים הֽוּא עוֹרֵ֧ר אֶת חֲנִית֛וֹ עַל שְׁלֹשׁ מֵא֥וֹת חָלָ֖ל בְּפַ֥עַם אֶחָֽת

And this the number of the mighty men whom David had; Jashobeam, an Hachmonite, the chief of the captains: he lifted up his spear against three hundred slain at one time.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'awake'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְאֵ֛לֶּהand theseconj וְ + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'and these'.
מִסְפַּ֥רthe number ofN c · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Construct chain (genitival)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'the number of'.
הַגִּבֹּרִ֖יםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לְדָוִ֑ידDavidprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
יָשָׁבְעָ֣םJashobeamN · יָשׇׁבְעָם (H3434)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָשׇׁבְעָם (H3434) 'Jashobeam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
חַכְמוֹנִ֗יHachmoniN · חַכְמוֹנִי (H2453)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַכְמוֹנִי (H2453) 'Hachmoni'.
רֹ֚אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
השלושיםthirtyart + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
הַשָּׁ֣לִישִׁ֔יםand officersart + Adj c · שָׁלִישׁ (H7991)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלִישׁ (H7991) 'and officers'.
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
עוֹרֵ֧רawakePolel perf 3ms · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֲנִית֛וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵא֥וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
חָלָ֖לa slain manAdj · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) 'a slain man'.
בְּפַ֥עַםat the timeprep + N com f sg abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּעַם (H6471) 'at the time'.
אֶחָֽתoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
12

וְאַחֲרָ֛יו אֶלְעָזָ֥ר בֶּן דּוֹד֖וֹ הָאֲחוֹחִ֑י ה֖וּא בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה הַגִּבֹּרִֽים

And after him Eleazar the son of Dodo, the Ahohite, who of the three mighties.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְאַחֲרָ֛יוand after itconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'and after it'.
אֶלְעָזָ֥רEleazarN · אֶלְעָזָר (H499)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְעָזָר (H499) 'Eleazar'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
דּוֹד֖וֹDodoN · דּוֹדוֹ (H1734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹדוֹ (H1734) 'Dodo'.
הָאֲחוֹחִ֑יAhohiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲחוֹחִי (H266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחוֹחִי (H266) 'Ahohite'.
ה֖וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥הthreeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבֹּרִֽיםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
13

הֽוּא הָיָ֨ה עִם דָּוִ֜יד בַּפַּ֣ס דַּמִּ֗ים וְהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙ נֶאֱסְפוּ שָׁ֣ם לַמִּלְחָמָ֔ה וַתְּהִ֛י חֶלְקַ֥ת הַשָּׂדֶ֖ה מְלֵאָ֣ה שְׂעוֹרִ֑ים וְהָעָ֥ם נָ֖סוּ מִפְּנֵ֥י פְלִשְׁתִּֽים

He was with David at Pasdammim, and there the Philistines were gathered together to battle, where was a parcel of ground full of barley; and the people fled from before the Philistines.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
הֽוּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
הָיָ֨הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
דָּוִ֜ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּפַּ֣סinprep + art + N proper · פַּס דַּמִּים (H6450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּס דַּמִּים (H6450) 'in'.
דַּמִּ֗יםPas-dammim. CompareN · פַּס דַּמִּים (H6450)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּס דַּמִּים (H6450) 'Pas-dammim. Compare'.
וְהַפְּלִשְׁתִּים֙the Philistinesconj וְ + art + N gentilic m pl abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
נֶאֱסְפוּwere gatheredN · אָסַף (H622)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָסַף (H622) 'were gathered'.
שָׁ֣םthereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
לַמִּלְחָמָ֔הfor battleprep + art + N com f sg abs · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'for battle'.
וַתְּהִ֛יand there wasconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and there was'.
חֶלְקַ֥תthe portion ofN c · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Construct chain (genitival)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
הַשָּׂדֶ֖הthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
מְלֵאָ֣הfullAdj · מָלֵא (H4392)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָלֵא (H4392) 'full'.
שְׂעוֹרִ֑יםbarleyN c · שְׂעֹרָה (H8184)Construct chain (genitival)שְׂעֹרָה (H8184) 'barley'.
וְהָעָ֥םand the peopleconj וְ + art + N com m sg abs · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'and the people'.
נָ֖סוּfledQal perf 3cp · נוּס (H5127)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנוּס (H5127) 'fled'.
מִפְּנֵ֥יbecause ofprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'because of'.
פְלִשְׁתִּֽיםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
14

וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֤וּ בְתוֹךְ הַחֶלְקָה֙ וַיַּצִּיל֔וּהָ וַיַּכּ֖וּ אֶת פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑ים וַיּ֥וֹשַׁע יְהוָ֖ה תְּשׁוּעָ֥ה גְדוֹלָֽה

And they set themselves in the midst of parcel, and delivered it, and slew the Philistines; and YHWH saved by a great deliverance.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they presented themselves'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּֽתְיַצְּב֤וּand they presented themselvesconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · הִתְיַצֵּב (H3320)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִתְיַצֵּב (H3320) 'and they presented themselves'.
בְתוֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הַחֶלְקָה֙the portion ofart + N com f sg abs · חֶלְקָה (H2513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלְקָה (H2513) 'the portion of'.
וַיַּצִּיל֔וּהָhas deliveredconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3fs · נָצַל (H5337)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָצַל (H5337) 'has delivered'.
וַיַּכּ֖וּand they struckconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהִכָּה (H5221) 'and they struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֑יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיּ֥וֹשַׁעand savedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · יָשַׁע (H3467)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁע (H3467) 'and saved'.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
תְּשׁוּעָ֥הdeliveranceN c · תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668)Construct chain (genitival)תְּשׁוּעָה (H8668) 'deliverance'.
גְדוֹלָֽהgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
15

וַיֵּרְד֡וּ שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩ מִן הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨ים רֹ֤אשׁ עַל הַצֻּר֙ אֶל דָּוִ֔יד אֶל מְעָרַ֖ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֔ים חֹנָ֖ה בְּעֵ֥מֶק רְפָאִֽים

Now three of the thirty captains went down to the rock to David, into the cave of Adullam; and the host of the Philistines encamped in the valley of Rephaim.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they went down'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיֵּרְד֡וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and they went down'.
שְֽׁלוֹשָׁה֩threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֨יםthirtyart + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
רֹ֤אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַצֻּר֙the rockart + N com m sg abs · צוּר (H6697)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוּר (H6697) 'the rock'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֔ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מְעָרַ֖תthe cave ofN c · מְעָרָה (H4631)Construct chain (genitival)מְעָרָה (H4631) 'the cave of'.
עֲדֻלָּ֑םAdullamN · עֲדֻלָּם (H5725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲדֻלָּם (H5725) 'Adullam'.
וּמַחֲנֵ֣הthe campconj וְ + N com c sg constr · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'the camp'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
חֹנָ֖הwas encampedQal ptc fs · חָנָה (H2583)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָנָה (H2583) 'was encamped'.
בְּעֵ֥מֶקin the valley ofprep + N com m sg constr · עֵמֶק (H6010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
רְפָאִֽיםRephaimN · רְפָאִים (H7497)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְפָאִים (H7497) 'Rephaim'.
16

וְדָוִ֖יד אָ֣ז בַּמְּצוּדָ֑ה וּנְצִ֣יב פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אָ֖ז בְּבֵ֥ית לָֽחֶם

And David then in the hold, and the Philistines' garrison then at Bethlehem.

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְדָוִ֖ידDavidconj וְ + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
אָ֣זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
בַּמְּצוּדָ֑הand his netprep + art + N com c sg abs · מְצוּדָה (H4686)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצוּדָה (H4686) 'and his net'.
וּנְצִ֣יבa pillar ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · נְצִיב (H5333)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְצִיב (H5333) 'a pillar of'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אָ֖זthenart · אָז (H227)Particle or relational elementאָז (H227) 'then'.
בְּבֵ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָֽחֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
17

ויתאו וַיִּתְאָ֥יו דָּוִ֖יד וַיֹּאמַ֑ר מִ֚י יַשְׁקֵ֣נִי מַ֔יִם מִבּ֥וֹר בֵּֽית לֶ֖חֶם אֲשֶׁ֥ר בַּשָּֽׁעַר

And David longed, and said, Oh that one would give me drink of the water of the well of Bethlehem, that at the gate!

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'desires'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ויתאוdesiresconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · אָוָה (H183)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָוָה (H183) 'desires'.
וַיִּתְאָ֥יוdesiresconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3ms · אָוָה (H183)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָוָה (H183) 'desires'.
דָּוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מִ֚יwhointerrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
יַשְׁקֵ֣נִיand wateredHiphil impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · שָׁקָה (H8248)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁקָה (H8248) 'and watered'.
מַ֔יִםwaterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מִבּ֥וֹרthe pitprep + N com m sg constr · בּוֹר (H953)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
בֵּֽיתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֖חֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בַּשָּֽׁעַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
18

וַיִּבְקְע֨וּ הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜ה בְּמַחֲנֵ֣ה פְלִשְׁתִּ֗ים וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּ מַ֨יִם֙ מִבּ֤וֹר בֵּֽית לֶ֨חֶם֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּשַּׁ֔עַר וַיִּשְׂא֖וּ וַיָּבִ֣אוּ אֶל דָּוִ֑יד וְלֹֽא אָבָ֤ה דָוִיד֙ לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔ם וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְ אֹתָ֖ם לַיהוָֽה

And the three brake through the host of the Philistines, and drew water out of the well of Bethlehem, that by the gate, and took , and brought to David: but David would not drink it, but poured it out to YHWH,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and were divided'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּבְקְע֨וּand were dividedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בָּקַע (H1234)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
הַשְּׁלֹשָׁ֜הthe threeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'the three'.
בְּמַחֲנֵ֣הin the campprep + N com c sg constr · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲנֶה (H4264) 'in the camp'.
פְלִשְׁתִּ֗יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
וַיִּֽשְׁאֲבוּand drawers ofconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁאַב (H7579)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁאַב (H7579) 'and drawers of'.
מַ֨יִם֙waterN c · מַיִם (H4325)Construct chain (genitival)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'.
מִבּ֤וֹרthe pitprep + N com m sg constr · בּוֹר (H953)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
בֵּֽיתBethlehemN · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לֶ֨חֶם֙lehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בַּשַּׁ֔עַרin the gate ofprep + art + N com m sg abs · שַׁעַר (H8179)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'in the gate of'.
וַיִּשְׂא֖וּand they lifted upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they lifted up'.
וַיָּבִ֣אוּand they cameconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֑ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָבָ֤הhe was willingQal perf 3ms · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
דָוִיד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֔םto drinkprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
וַיְנַסֵּ֥ךְand he pouredconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3ms · נָסַךְ (H5258)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָסַךְ (H5258) 'and he poured'.
אֹתָ֖םthemobj marker + sfx 3mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'them'.
לַיהוָֽהto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
19

וַיֹּ֡אמֶר חָלִילָה֩ לִּ֨י מֵאֱלֹהַ֜י מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹת זֹ֗את הֲדַ֣ם הָאֲנָשִׁים֩ הָאֵ֨לֶּה אֶשְׁתֶּ֤ה בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙ כִּ֣י בְנַפְשׁוֹתָ֣ם הֱבִיא֔וּם וְלֹ֥א אָבָ֖ה לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑ם אֵ֣לֶּה עָשׂ֔וּ שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁת הַגִּבּוֹרִֽים

And said, My God forbid it me, that I should do this thing: shall I drink the blood of these men that have put their lives in jeopardy? for with their lives they brought it. Therefore he would not drink it. These things did these three mightiest.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֹּ֡אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
חָלִילָה֩far be itparticle + Sh · חָלִילָה (H2486)Particle or relational elementחָלִילָה (H2486) 'far be it'.
לִּ֨יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
מֵאֱלֹהַ֜יfrom the gods ofprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 1cs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'from the gods of'.
מֵעֲשׂ֣וֹתfrom doingprep + Qal inf constr · עָשָׂה (H6213)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementעָשָׂה (H6213) 'from doing'.
זֹ֗אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
הֲדַ֣םthe bloodinterrog. + N com m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּם (H1818) 'the blood'.
הָאֲנָשִׁים֩the menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
הָאֵ֨לֶּהtheseart + dem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
אֶשְׁתֶּ֤הto drinkQal impf 1cs · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
בְנַפְשׁוֹתָם֙your soulprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְנַפְשׁוֹתָ֣םyour soulprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3mp · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
הֱבִיא֔וּםand they cameHiphil perf 3cp + sfx 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָבָ֖הhe was willingQal perf 3ms · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
לִשְׁתּוֹתָ֑םto drinkprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עָשׂ֔וּthey didQal perf 3cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'they did'.
שְׁלֹ֖שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבּוֹרִֽיםmightyart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
20

וְאַבְשַׁ֣י אֲחִֽי יוֹאָ֗ב ה֤וּא הָיָה֙ רֹ֣אשׁ הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֔ה וְהוּא֙ עוֹרֵ֣ר אֶת חֲנִית֔וֹ עַל שְׁלֹ֥שׁ מֵא֖וֹת חָלָ֑ל ולא וְלוֹ שֵׁ֖ם בַּשְּׁלוֹשָֽׁה

And Abishai the brother of Joab, he was chief of the three: for lifting up his spear against three hundred, he slew , and had a name among the three.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְאַבְשַׁ֣יAbishaiconj וְ + N proper · אֲבִישַׁי (H52)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִישַׁי (H52) 'Abishai'.
אֲחִֽיbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
יוֹאָ֗בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
ה֤וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
הָיָה֙wasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֔הthreeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
וְהוּא֙and heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
עוֹרֵ֣רawakePolel perf 3ms · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
חֲנִית֔וֹjavelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹ֥שׁthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
מֵא֖וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
חָלָ֑לa slain manAdj · חָלָל (H2491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָלָל (H2491) 'a slain man'.
ולאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
וְלוֹand to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שֵׁ֖םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
בַּשְּׁלוֹשָֽׁהthreeprep + art + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
21

מִן הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֤ה בַשְּׁנַ֨יִם֙ נִכְבָּ֔ד וַיְהִ֥י לָהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וְעַד הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה לֹֽא בָֽא

Of the three, he was more honourable than the two; for he was their captain: howbeit he attained not to the three.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֤הthreeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
בַשְּׁנַ֨יִם֙between twoprep + art + Adj c det · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'between two'.
נִכְבָּ֔דwas honoredN · כָּבֵד (H3513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבֵד (H3513) 'was honored'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
לָהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
לְשָׂ֑רto chief ofprep + N com m sg abs · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'to chief of'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖הthreeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בָֽאcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
22

בְּנָיָ֨ה בֶן יְהוֹיָדָ֧ע בֶּן אִֽישׁ חַ֛יִל רַב פְּעָלִ֖ים מִֽן קַבְצְאֵ֑ל ה֣וּא הִכָּ֗ה אֵ֣ת שְׁנֵ֤י אֲרִיאֵל֙ מוֹאָ֔ב וְ֠הוּא יָרַ֞ד וְהִכָּ֧ה אֶֽת הָאֲרִ֛י בְּת֥וֹךְ הַבּ֖וֹר בְּי֥וֹם הַשָּֽׁלֶג

Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, the son of a valiant man of Kabzeel, who had done many acts; he slew two lionlike men of Moab: also he went down and slew a lion in a pit in a snowy day.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 25 words
בְּנָיָ֨הandN · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'and'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְהוֹיָדָ֧עJehoiada. CompareN · יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077) 'Jehoiada. Compare'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
חַ֛יִלabilityN c · חַיִל (H2428)Construct chain (genitival)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
רַבgreatAdj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
פְּעָלִ֖יםhis workN c · פֹּעַל (H6467)Construct chain (genitival)פֹּעַל (H6467) 'his work'.
מִֽןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
קַבְצְאֵ֑לKabzeelN · קַבְצְאֵל (H6909)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קַבְצְאֵל (H6909) 'Kabzeel'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
הִכָּ֗הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
אֵ֣ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שְׁנֵ֤יtwo ofAdj · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two of'.
אֲרִיאֵל֙lionlike menN · אֲרִיאֵל (H739)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרִיאֵל (H739) 'lionlike men'.
מוֹאָ֔בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וְ֠הוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
יָרַ֞דit will come downQal perf 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'it will come down'.
וְהִכָּ֧הand one strikesconj וְ + Hiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'and one strikes'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הָאֲרִ֛יa lionart + N com m sg abs · אַרְיֵה (H738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְיֵה (H738) 'a lion'.
בְּת֥וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הַבּ֖וֹרthe pitart + N com m sg abs · בּוֹר (H953)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בּוֹר (H953) 'the pit'.
בְּי֥וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַשָּֽׁלֶגlike snowart + N com m sg abs · שֶׁלֶג (H7950)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁלֶג (H7950) 'like snow'.
23

וְהֽוּא הִכָּה֩ אֶת הָאִ֨ישׁ הַמִּצְרִ֜י אִ֥ישׁ מִדָּ֣ה חָמֵ֣שׁ בָּאַמָּ֗ה וּבְיַ֨ד הַמִּצְרִ֤י חֲנִית֙ כִּמְנ֣וֹר אֹרְגִ֔ים וַיֵּ֥רֶד אֵלָ֖יו בַּשָּׁ֑בֶט וַיִּגְזֹ֤ל אֶֽת הַחֲנִית֙ מִיַּ֣ד הַמִּצְרִ֔י וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּ בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹ

And he slew an Egyptian, a man of stature, five cubits high; and in the Egyptian's hand a spear like a weaver's beam; and he went down to him with a staff, and plucked the spear out of the Egyptian's hand, and slew him with his own spear.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְהֽוּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
הִכָּה֩struckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הָאִ֨ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
הַמִּצְרִ֜יthe Egyptianart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'the Egyptian'.
אִ֥ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מִדָּ֣הmeasurementN c · מִדָּה (H4060)Construct chain (genitival)מִדָּה (H4060) 'measurement'.
חָמֵ֣שׁfiveAdj · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'five'.
בָּאַמָּ֗הcubitsprep + art + N com f sg abs · אַמָּה (H520)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַמָּה (H520) 'cubits'.
וּבְיַ֨דand by a handconj וְ + prep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'and by a hand'.
הַמִּצְרִ֤יthe Egyptianart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'the Egyptian'.
חֲנִית֙javelinN c · חֲנִית (H2595)Construct chain (genitival)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
כִּמְנ֣וֹרas / likeprep + N com m sg constr · מָנוֹר (H4500)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָנוֹר (H4500) 'as / like'.
אֹרְגִ֔יםa weaver,Qal ptc mp · אָרַג (H707)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַג (H707) 'a weaver,'.
וַיֵּ֥רֶדand went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
בַּשָּׁ֑בֶטwith a rodprep + art + N com m sg abs · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'with a rod'.
וַיִּגְזֹ֤לand robbedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · גָּזַל (H1497)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceגָּזַל (H1497) 'and robbed'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַחֲנִית֙javelinart + N com f sg abs · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
מִיַּ֣דfrom the hand ofprep + N com c sg constr · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'from the hand of'.
הַמִּצְרִ֔יthe Egyptianart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִצְרִי (H4713)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְרִי (H4713) 'the Egyptian'.
וַיַּהַרְגֵ֖הוּand killed himconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָרַג (H2026) 'and killed him'.
בַּחֲנִיתֽוֹjavelinprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'javelin'.
24

אֵ֣לֶּה עָשָׂ֔ה בְּנָיָ֖הוּ בֶּן יְהוֹיָדָ֑ע וְלוֹ שֵׁ֖ם בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥ה הַגִּבֹּרִֽים

These did Benaiah the son of Jehoiada, and had the name among the three mighties.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he did'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֵ֣לֶּהthesedem. pron xcp · אֵלֶּה (H428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'.
עָשָׂ֔הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
בְּנָיָ֖הוּBenaiahN · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'Benaiah'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יְהוֹיָדָ֑עJehoiada. CompareN · יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוֹיָדָע (H3077) 'Jehoiada. Compare'.
וְלוֹand to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'and to him'.
שֵׁ֖םthe name ofN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'the name of'.
בִּשְׁלוֹשָׁ֥הthreeprep + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
הַגִּבֹּרִֽיםthe mighty menart + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'the mighty men'.
25

מִן הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֗ים הִנּ֤וֹ נִכְבָּד֙ ה֔וּא וְאֶל הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖ה לֹא בָ֑א וַיְשִׂימֵ֥הוּ דָוִ֖יד עַל מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹ

Behold, he was honourable among the thirty, but attained not to the three: and David set him over his guard.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשִׁ֗יםthirtyart + Adj c · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
הִנּ֤וֹbehold, Iparticle + sfx 3ms · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
נִכְבָּד֙was honoredN · כָּבֵד (H3513)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כָּבֵד (H3513) 'was honored'.
ה֔וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְאֶלand toconj וְ + prep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'and to'.
הַשְּׁלוֹשָׁ֖הthreeart + Adj c · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
לֹאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
בָ֑אcameQal perf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
וַיְשִׂימֵ֥הוּand he setconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
דָוִ֖ידDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁמַעְתּֽוֹbiddingN c · מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928) 'bidding'.
26

וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖י הַחֲיָלִ֑ים עֲשָׂה אֵל֙ אֲחִ֣י יוֹאָ֔ב אֶלְחָנָ֥ן בֶּן דּוֹד֖וֹ מִבֵּ֥ית לָֽחֶם

Also the valiant men of the armies , Asahel the brother of Joab, Elhanan the son of Dodo of Bethlehem,

Linked non-verbal clause
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְגִבּוֹרֵ֖יmightyconj וְ + Adj · גִּבּוֹר (H1368)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבּוֹר (H1368) 'mighty'.
הַחֲיָלִ֑יםabilityart + N com m pl abs · חַיִל (H2428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַיִל (H2428) 'ability'.
עֲשָׂהAsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
אֵל֙AsahelN · עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲשָׂהאֵל (H6214) 'Asahel'.
אֲחִ֣יbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
יוֹאָ֔בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
אֶלְחָנָ֥ןElkananN · אֶלְחָנָן (H445)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְחָנָן (H445) 'Elkanan'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
דּוֹד֖וֹDodoN · דּוֹדוֹ (H1734)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דּוֹדוֹ (H1734) 'Dodo'.
מִבֵּ֥יתBethlehemprep + N proper · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'Bethlehem'.
לָֽחֶםlehem (Bethlehem)N · בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּית-לֶחֶם (H1035) 'lehem (Bethlehem)'.
27

שַׁמּוֹת֙ הַהֲרוֹרִ֔י חֶ֖לֶץ הַפְּלוֹנִֽי

Shammoth the Harorite, Helez the Pelonite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
שַׁמּוֹת֙ShamothN · שַׁמּוֹת (H8054)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁמּוֹת (H8054) 'Shamoth'.
הַהֲרוֹרִ֔יHaroriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · הֲרוֹרִי (H2033)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרוֹרִי (H2033) 'Harorite'.
חֶ֖לֶץHelezN · חֶלֶץ (H2503)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶלֶץ (H2503) 'Helez'.
הַפְּלוֹנִֽיPeloniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלוֹנִי (H6397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלוֹנִי (H6397) 'Pelonite'.
28

עִירָ֤א בֶן עִקֵּשׁ֙ הַתְּקוֹעִ֔י אֲבִיעֶ֖זֶר הָעֲנְּתוֹתִֽי

Ira the son of Ikkesh the Tekoite, Abiezer the Antothite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עִירָ֤אIraN · עִירָא (H5896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִירָא (H5896) 'Ira'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
עִקֵּשׁ֙IkkeshN · עִקֵּשׁ (H6142)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִקֵּשׁ (H6142) 'Ikkesh'.
הַתְּקוֹעִ֔יTekoiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · תְּקוֹעִי (H8621)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּקוֹעִי (H8621) 'Tekoite'.
אֲבִיעֶ֖זֶרAbiezerN · אֲבִיעֶזֶר (H44)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִיעֶזֶר (H44) 'Abiezer'.
הָעֲנְּתוֹתִֽיof Anathothart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַנְתֹתִי (H6069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַנְתֹתִי (H6069) 'of Anathoth'.
29

סִבְּכַי֙ הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔י עִילַ֖י הָאֲחוֹחִֽי

Sibbecai the Hushathite, Ilai the Ahohite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
סִבְּכַי֙SibbecaiN · סִבְּכַי (H5444)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סִבְּכַי (H5444) 'Sibbecai'.
הַחֻ֣שָׁתִ֔יHushathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · חֻשָׁתִי (H2843)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֻשָׁתִי (H2843) 'Hushathite'.
עִילַ֖יIlaiN · עִילַי (H5866)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִילַי (H5866) 'Ilai'.
הָאֲחוֹחִֽיAhohiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲחוֹחִי (H266)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחוֹחִי (H266) 'Ahohite'.
30

מַהְרַי֙ הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔י חֵ֥לֶד בֶּֽן בַּֽעֲנָ֖ה הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽי

Maharai the Netophathite, Heled the son of Baanah the Netophathite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
מַהְרַי֙MaharaiN · מַהֲרַי (H4121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַהֲרַי (H4121) 'Maharai'.
הַנְּטֹ֣פָתִ֔יNetophathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · נְטֹפָתִי (H5200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְטֹפָתִי (H5200) 'Netophathite'.
חֵ֥לֶדHeledN · חֵלֶד (H2466)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵלֶד (H2466) 'Heled'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
בַּֽעֲנָ֖הBaanahN · בַּעֲנָה (H1196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּעֲנָה (H1196) 'Baanah'.
הַנְּטוֹפָתִֽיNetophathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · נְטֹפָתִי (H5200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְטֹפָתִי (H5200) 'Netophathite'.
31

אִיתַ֣י בֶּן רִיבַ֗י מִגִּבְעַת֙ בְּנֵ֣י בִנְיָמִ֔ן בְּנָיָ֖ה הַפִּרְעָתֹנִֽי

Ithai the son of Ribai of Gibeah, to the children of Benjamin, Benaiah the Pirathonite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אִיתַ֣יIthaiN · אִתַּי (H863)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִתַּי (H863) 'Ithai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
רִיבַ֗יRibaiN · רִיבַי (H7380)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רִיבַי (H7380) 'Ribai'.
מִגִּבְעַת֙Gibeahprep + N proper · גִּבְעָה (H1390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1390) 'Gibeah'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
בִנְיָמִ֔ןBenjaminN · בִּנְיָמִן (H1144)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּנְיָמִן (H1144) 'Benjamin'.
בְּנָיָ֖הandN · בְּנָיָה (H1141)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּנָיָה (H1141) 'and'.
הַפִּרְעָתֹנִֽיPirathoniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · פִּרְעָתוֹנִי (H6553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פִּרְעָתוֹנִי (H6553) 'Pirathonite'.
32

חוּרַי֙ מִנַּ֣חֲלֵי גָ֔עַשׁ אֲבִיאֵ֖ל הָעַרְבָתִֽי

Hurai of the brooks of Gaash, Abiel the Arbathite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
חוּרַי֙HuraiN · חוּרַי (H2360)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוּרַי (H2360) 'Hurai'.
מִנַּ֣חֲלֵיthe brook ofprep + N com m pl constr · נַחַל (H5158)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחַל (H5158) 'the brook of'.
גָ֔עַשׁGaashN · גַּעַשׁ (H1608)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גַּעַשׁ (H1608) 'Gaash'.
אֲבִיאֵ֖לAbielN · אֲבִיאֵל (H22)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲבִיאֵל (H22) 'Abiel'.
הָעַרְבָתִֽיArbahiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַרְבָתִי (H6164)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַרְבָתִי (H6164) 'Arbahite'.
33

עַזְמָ֨וֶת֙ הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔י אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖א הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽי

Azmaveth the Baharumite, Eliahba the Shaalbonite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
עַזְמָ֨וֶת֙Azmaveth. See alsoN · עַזְמָוֶת (H5820)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזְמָוֶת (H5820) 'Azmaveth. See also'.
הַבַּ֣חֲרוּמִ֔יBaharumiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בַּחֲרוּמִי (H978)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּחֲרוּמִי (H978) 'Baharumite'.
אֶלְיַחְבָּ֖אEliahbahN · אֶלְיַחְבָּא (H455)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְיַחְבָּא (H455) 'Eliahbah'.
הַשַּׁעַלְבֹנִֽיShaalboniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (H8170)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׁעַלְבֹנִי (H8170) 'Shaalbonite'.
34

בְּנֵ֗י הָשֵׁם֙ הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔י יוֹנָתָ֥ן בֶּן שָׁגֵ֖ה הַהֲרָרִֽי

The sons of Hashem the Gizonite, Jonathan the son of Shage the Hararite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
בְּנֵ֗יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
הָשֵׁם֙HashemN · הָשֵׁם (H2044)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָשֵׁם (H2044) 'Hashem'.
הַגִּ֣זוֹנִ֔יGizoniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · גִּזוֹנִי (H1493)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּזוֹנִי (H1493) 'Gizonite'.
יוֹנָתָ֥ןandN · יוֹנָתָן (H3129)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָתָן (H3129) 'and'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׁגֵ֖הShageN · שָׁגֶא (H7681)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁגֶא (H7681) 'Shage'.
הַהֲרָרִֽיHarariteart + N gentilic m sg abs · הֲרָרִי (H2043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרָרִי (H2043) 'Hararite'.
35

אֲחִיאָ֧ם בֶּן שָׂכָ֛ר הַהֲרָרִ֖י אֱלִיפַ֥ל בֶּן אֽוּר

Ahiam the son of Sacar the Hararite, Eliphal the son of Ur,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֲחִיאָ֧םAhiamN · אֲחִיאָם (H279)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיאָם (H279) 'Ahiam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שָׂכָ֛רSacarN · שָׂכָר (H7940)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂכָר (H7940) 'Sacar'.
הַהֲרָרִ֖יHarariteart + N gentilic m sg abs · הֲרָרִי (H2043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲרָרִי (H2043) 'Hararite'.
אֱלִיפַ֥לEliphalN · אֱלִיפָל (H465)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיפָל (H465) 'Eliphal'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֽוּרfrom UrN · אוּר (H218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּר (H218) 'from Ur'.
36

חֵ֚פֶר הַמְּכֵ֣רָתִ֔י אֲחִיָּ֖ה הַפְּלֹנִֽי

Hepher the Mecherathite, Ahijah the Pelonite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
חֵ֚פֶרHepherN · חֵפֶר (H2660)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵפֶר (H2660) 'Hepher'.
הַמְּכֵ֣רָתִ֔יMecherathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · מְכֵרָתִי (H4382)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְכֵרָתִי (H4382) 'Mecherathite'.
אֲחִיָּ֖הandN · אֲחִיָּה (H281)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיָּה (H281) 'and'.
הַפְּלֹנִֽיPeloniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלוֹנִי (H6397)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלוֹנִי (H6397) 'Pelonite'.
37

חֶצְרוֹ֙ הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔י נַעֲרַ֖י בֶּן אֶזְבָּֽי

Hezro the Carmelite, Naarai the son of Ezbai,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
חֶצְרוֹ֙HezroN · חֶצְרוֹ (H2695)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶצְרוֹ (H2695) 'Hezro'.
הַֽכַּרְמְלִ֔יCarmeliteart + N gentilic m sg abs · כַּרְמְלִי (H3761)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמְלִי (H3761) 'Carmelite'.
נַעֲרַ֖יNaaraiN · נַעֲרַי (H5293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַעֲרַי (H5293) 'Naarai'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֶזְבָּֽיEzbaiN · אֶזְבַּי (H229)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶזְבַּי (H229) 'Ezbai'.
38

יוֹאֵל֙ אֲחִ֣י נָתָ֔ן מִבְחָ֖ר בֶּן הַגְרִֽי

Joel the brother of Nathan, Mibhar the son of Haggeri,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יוֹאֵל֙JoelN · יוֹאֵל (H3100)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאֵל (H3100) 'Joel'.
אֲחִ֣יbrother ofN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brother of'.
נָתָ֔ןNathanN · נָתָן (H5416)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתָן (H5416) 'Nathan'.
מִבְחָ֖רMibharN · מִבְחָר (H4006)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִבְחָר (H4006) 'Mibhar'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
הַגְרִֽיandN · הַגְרִי (H1905)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַגְרִי (H1905) 'and'.
39

צֶ֖לֶק הָעַמּוֹנִ֑י נַחְרַי֙ הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔י נֹשֵׂ֕א כְּלֵ֖י יוֹאָ֥ב בֶּן צְרוּיָֽה

Zelek the Ammonite, Naharai the Berothite, the armourbearer of Joab the son of Zeruiah,

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'lifts up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
צֶ֖לֶקZelekN · צֶלֶק (H6768)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֶלֶק (H6768) 'Zelek'.
הָעַמּוֹנִ֑יbut the Ammonitesart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַמֹּנִי (H5984)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמֹּנִי (H5984) 'but the Ammonites'.
נַחְרַי֙NaharaiN · נַחֲרַי (H5171)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נַחֲרַי (H5171) 'Naharai'.
הַבֵּ֣רֹתִ֔יBerothiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · בֵּרֹתִי (H1307)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּרֹתִי (H1307) 'Berothite'.
נֹשֵׂ֕אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
כְּלֵ֖יarticle ofN c · כְּלִי (H3627)Construct chain (genitival)כְּלִי (H3627) 'article of'.
יוֹאָ֥בJoabN · יוֹאָב (H3097)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָב (H3097) 'Joab'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
צְרוּיָֽהZeruiahN · צְרוּיָה (H6870)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְרוּיָה (H6870) 'Zeruiah'.
40

עִירָא֙ הַיִּתְרִ֔י גָּרֵ֖ב הַיִּתְרִֽי

Ira the Ithrite, Gareb the Ithrite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
עִירָא֙IraN · עִירָא (H5896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִירָא (H5896) 'Ira'.
הַיִּתְרִ֔יIthriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · יִתְרִי (H3505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִתְרִי (H3505) 'Ithrite'.
גָּרֵ֖בGarebN · גָּרֵב (H1619)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּרֵב (H1619) 'Gareb'.
הַיִּתְרִֽיIthriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · יִתְרִי (H3505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִתְרִי (H3505) 'Ithrite'.
41

אֽוּרִיָּה֙ הַחִתִּ֔י זָבָ֖ד בֶּן אַחְלָֽי

Uriah the Hittite, Zabad the son of Ahlai,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֽוּרִיָּה֙UriahN · אוּרִיָּה (H223)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אוּרִיָּה (H223) 'Uriah'.
הַחִתִּ֔יthe Hittiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · חִתִּי (H2850)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חִתִּי (H2850) 'the Hittite'.
זָבָ֖דZabadN · זָבָד (H2066)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָבָד (H2066) 'Zabad'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אַחְלָֽיAhlaiN · אַחְלַי (H304)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחְלַי (H304) 'Ahlai'.
42

עֲדִינָ֨א בֶן שִׁיזָ֜א הָרֽאוּבֵנִ֗י רֹ֛אשׁ לָרֽאוּבֵנִ֖י וְעָלָ֥יו שְׁלוֹשִֽׁים

Adina the son of Shiza the Reubenite, a captain of the Reubenites, and thirty with him,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עֲדִינָ֨אAdinaN · עֲדִינָא (H5721)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲדִינָא (H5721) 'Adina'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שִׁיזָ֜אShizaN · שִׁיזָא (H7877)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁיזָא (H7877) 'Shiza'.
הָרֽאוּבֵנִ֗יthe Reubeniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · רְאוּבֵנִי (H7206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְאוּבֵנִי (H7206) 'the Reubenite'.
רֹ֛אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
לָרֽאוּבֵנִ֖יto the Reubeniteprep + art + N gentilic m sg abs · רְאוּבֵנִי (H7206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רְאוּבֵנִי (H7206) 'to the Reubenite'.
וְעָלָ֥יוand next to himconj וְ + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and next to him'.
שְׁלוֹשִֽׁיםthirtyAdj · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
43

חָנָן֙ בֶּֽן מַעֲכָ֔ה וְיוֹשָׁפָ֖ט הַמִּתְנִֽי

Hanan the son of Maachah, and Joshaphat the Mithnite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
חָנָן֙CananN · חָנָן (H2605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָנָן (H2605) 'Canan'.
בֶּֽןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
מַעֲכָ֔הMaacahN · מַעֲכָה (H4601)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַעֲכָה (H4601) 'Maacah'.
וְיוֹשָׁפָ֖טandconj וְ + N proper · יוֹשָׁפָט (H3146)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹשָׁפָט (H3146) 'and'.
הַמִּתְנִֽיMithniteart + N gentilic m sg abs · מִתְנִי (H4981)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִתְנִי (H4981) 'Mithnite'.
44

עֻזִיָּ֖א הָעֲשְׁתְּרָתִ֑י שָׁמָע֙ ויעואל וִֽיעִיאֵ֔ל בְּנֵ֖י חוֹתָ֥ם הָעֲרֹעֵרִֽי

Uzzia the Ashterathite, Shama and Jehiel the sons of Hothan the Aroerite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
עֻזִיָּ֖אUzziaN · עֻזִּיָּא (H5814)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֻזִּיָּא (H5814) 'Uzzia'.
הָעֲשְׁתְּרָתִ֑יAshterathiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · עַשְׁתְּרָתִי (H6254)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַשְׁתְּרָתִי (H6254) 'Ashterathite'.
שָׁמָע֙ShamaN · שָׁמָע (H8091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמָע (H8091) 'Shama'.
ויעואלJeielconj וְ + N proper · יְעִיאֵל (H3273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְעִיאֵל (H3273) 'Jeiel'.
וִֽיעִיאֵ֔לJeielconj וְ + N proper · יְעִיאֵל (H3273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְעִיאֵל (H3273) 'Jeiel'.
בְּנֵ֖יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
חוֹתָ֥םHothamN · חוֹתָם (H2369)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹתָם (H2369) 'Hotham'.
הָעֲרֹעֵרִֽיAroeriteart + N gentilic m sg abs · עֲרֹעֵרִי (H6200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲרֹעֵרִי (H6200) 'Aroerite'.
45

יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙ בֶּן שִׁמְרִ֔י וְיֹחָ֥א אָחִ֖יו הַתִּיצִֽי

Jediael the son of Shimri, and Joha his brother, the Tizite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
יְדִֽיעֲאֵל֙JediaelN · יְדִיעֲאֵל (H3043)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְדִיעֲאֵל (H3043) 'Jediael'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
שִׁמְרִ֔יShimriN · שִׁמְרִי (H8113)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁמְרִי (H8113) 'Shimri'.
וְיֹחָ֥אandconj וְ + N proper · יוֹחָא (H3109)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹחָא (H3109) 'and'.
אָחִ֖יוhis brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
הַתִּיצִֽיTiziteart + N gentilic m sg abs · תִּיצִי (H8491)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תִּיצִי (H8491) 'Tizite'.
46

אֱלִיאֵל֙ הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔ים וִירִיבַ֥י וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖ה בְּנֵ֣י אֶלְנָ֑עַם וְיִתְמָ֖ה הַמּוֹאָבִֽי

Eliel the Mahavite, and Jeribai, and Joshaviah, the sons of Elnaam, and Ithmah the Moabite,

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
אֱלִיאֵל֙ElielN · אֱלִיאֵל (H447)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיאֵל (H447) 'Eliel'.
הַֽמַּחֲוִ֔יםMahaviteart + N gentilic m pl abs · מַחֲוִים (H4233)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַחֲוִים (H4233) 'Mahavite'.
וִירִיבַ֥יandconj וְ + N proper · יְרִיבַי (H3403)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרִיבַי (H3403) 'and'.
וְיוֹשַׁוְיָ֖הandconj וְ + N proper · יוֹשַׁוְיָה (H3145)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹשַׁוְיָה (H3145) 'and'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אֶלְנָ֑עַםElnaamN · אֶלְנַעַם (H493)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלְנַעַם (H493) 'Elnaam'.
וְיִתְמָ֖הandconj וְ + N proper · יִתְמָה (H3495)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִתְמָה (H3495) 'and'.
הַמּוֹאָבִֽיbut the Moabitesart + N gentilic m sg abs · מוֹאָבִי (H4125)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָבִי (H4125) 'but the Moabites'.
47

אֱלִיאֵ֣ל וְעוֹבֵ֔ד וְיַעֲשִׂיאֵ֖ל הַמְּצֹבָיָֽה

Eliel, and Obed, and Jasiel the Mesobaite.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
אֱלִיאֵ֣לElielN · אֱלִיאֵל (H447)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלִיאֵל (H447) 'Eliel'.
וְעוֹבֵ֔דObedconj וְ + N proper · עוֹבֵד (H5744)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹבֵד (H5744) 'Obed'.
וְיַעֲשִׂיאֵ֖לandconj וְ + N proper · יַעֲשִׂיאֵל (H3300)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעֲשִׂיאֵל (H3300) 'and'.
הַמְּצֹבָיָֽהMesobaiteart + N proper · מְצֹבָיָה (H4677)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצֹבָיָה (H4677) 'Mesobaite'.