Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Song of Songs, Chapter 2שיר השירים 2

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Song of Songs 2 (17 verses in the MT) opens: I the rose of Sharon, the lily of the valleys. The middle of the chapter continues: My beloved is like a roe or a young hart: behold, he standeth behind our wall, he looketh forth at the windows, shewing himself through the lattice. It closes: Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be you like a roe or a young hart upon the mountains of Bether.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Song of Songs 2 comprises 17 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — I the rose of Sharon, the lily of the valleys. I the rose of Sharon, the lily of the valleys. As the lily among thorns, so my love among the daughters. As the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so my beloved among the sons. I sat down under his shadow with great delight, and his fruit sweet to my taste. He brought me to the banqueting house, and his banner over me love. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Stay me with flagons, comfort me with apples: for I sick of love. Stay me with flagons, comfort me with apples: for I sick of love. His left hand under my head, and his right hand does embrace me. I charge you, O you daughters of Jerusalem, by the roes, and by the hinds of the field, that you stir not up, nor awake love, till he please. The voice of my beloved! behold, he cometh leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — My beloved is like a roe or a young hart: behold, he standeth behind our. My beloved is like a roe or a young hart: behold, he standeth behind our wall, he looketh forth at the windows, shewing himself through the lattice. My beloved spake, and said to me, Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away. For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over gone; The flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing is come, and the. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines the tender grap. The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines the tender grape give a smell. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away. O my dove, in the clefts of the rock, in the secret of the stairs, let me see your countenance, let me hear your voice; for sweet your voice, and your countenance comely. Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the. Movement V (vv. 17) — Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be. Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be you like a roe or a young hart upon the mountains of Bether. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

אֲנִי֙ חֲבַצֶּ֣לֶת הַשָּׁר֔וֹן שֽׁוֹשַׁנַּ֖ת הָעֲמָקִֽים

I the rose of Sharon, the lily of the valleys.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
אֲנִי֙Ipron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
חֲבַצֶּ֣לֶתas / likeN c · חֲבַצֶּלֶת (H2261)Construct chain (genitival)חֲבַצֶּלֶת (H2261) 'as / like'.
הַשָּׁר֔וֹןLasharonart + N proper · שָׁרוֹן (H8289)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁרוֹן (H8289) 'Lasharon'.
שֽׁוֹשַׁנַּ֖תlilyN c · שׁוּשַׁן (H7799)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוּשַׁן (H7799) 'lily'.
הָעֲמָקִֽיםin the valley ofart + N com m pl abs · עֵמֶק (H6010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵמֶק (H6010) 'in the valley of'.
2

כְּשֽׁוֹשַׁנָּה֙ בֵּ֣ין הַחוֹחִ֔ים כֵּ֥ן רַעְיָתִ֖י בֵּ֥ין הַבָּנֽוֹת

As the lily among thorns, so my love among the daughters.

Nominal or particle frameasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
כְּשֽׁוֹשַׁנָּה֙lilyprep + N com c sg abs · שׁוּשַׁן (H7799)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוּשַׁן (H7799) 'lily'.
בֵּ֣יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
הַחוֹחִ֔יםbrambleart + N com m pl abs · חוֹחַ (H2336)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹחַ (H2336) 'bramble'.
כֵּ֥ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
רַעְיָתִ֖יandN c · רַעְיָה (H7474)Construct chain (genitival)רַעְיָה (H7474) 'and'.
בֵּ֥יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
הַבָּנֽוֹתthe daughtersart + N com f pl abs · בַּת (H1323)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּת (H1323) 'the daughters'.
3

כְּתַפּ֨וּחַ֙ בַּעֲצֵ֣י הַיַּ֔עַר כֵּ֥ן דּוֹדִ֖י בֵּ֣ין הַבָּנִ֑ים בְּצִלּוֹ֙ חִמַּ֣דְתִּי וְיָשַׁ֔בְתִּי וּפִרְי֖וֹ מָת֥וֹק לְחִכִּֽי

As the apple tree among the trees of the wood, so my beloved among the sons. I sat down under his shadow with great delight, and his fruit sweet to my taste.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'you shall covet'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
כְּתַפּ֨וּחַ֙andprep + N com m sg abs · תַּפּוּחַ (H8598)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּפּוּחַ (H8598) 'and'.
בַּעֲצֵ֣יwood ofprep + N com m pl constr · עֵץ (H6086)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵץ (H6086) 'wood of'.
הַיַּ֔עַרinto the forestart + N com m sg abs · יַעַר (H3293)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַעַר (H3293) 'into the forest'.
כֵּ֥ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
דּוֹדִ֖יhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
בֵּ֣יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
הַבָּנִ֑יםthe youngart + N com m pl abs · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'the young'.
בְּצִלּוֹ֙in the shadow ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · צֵל (H6738)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵל (H6738) 'in the shadow of'.
חִמַּ֣דְתִּיyou shall covetPiel perf 1cs · חָמַד (H2530)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָמַד (H2530) 'you shall covet'.
וְיָשַׁ֔בְתִּיthe inhabitants ofconj וְ + Qal perf 1cs · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָשַׁב (H3427) 'the inhabitants of'.
וּפִרְי֖וֹits fruitconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · פְּרִי (H6529)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּרִי (H6529) 'its fruit'.
מָת֥וֹקsweetAdj · מָתוֹק (H4966)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָתוֹק (H4966) 'sweet'.
לְחִכִּֽי(roof of the) mouthprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · חֵךְ (H2441)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֵךְ (H2441) '(roof of the) mouth'.
4

הֱבִיאַ֨נִי֙ אֶל בֵּ֣ית הַיָּ֔יִן וְדִגְל֥וֹ עָלַ֖י אַהֲבָֽה

He brought me to the banqueting house, and his banner over me love.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he has brought me in'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הֱבִיאַ֨נִי֙he has brought me inHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'he has brought me in'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַיָּ֔יִןthe wineart + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'the wine'.
וְדִגְל֥וֹthe standard ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · דֶּגֶל (H1714)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֶּגֶל (H1714) 'the standard of'.
עָלַ֖יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
אַהֲבָֽהout of the love ofN c · אַהֲבָה (H160)Construct chain (genitival)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
5

סַמְּכ֨וּנִי֙ בָּֽאֲשִׁישׁ֔וֹת רַפְּד֖וּנִי בַּתַּפּוּחִ֑ים כִּי חוֹלַ֥ת אַהֲבָ֖ה אָֽנִי

Stay me with flagons, comfort me with apples: for I sick of love.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he shall lay'.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
סַמְּכ֨וּנִי֙and he shall layPiel impv 2mp + sfx 1cs · סָמַךְ (H5564)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָמַךְ (H5564) 'and he shall lay'.
בָּֽאֲשִׁישׁ֔וֹתandprep + art + N com f pl abs · אֲשִׁישָׁה (H809)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲשִׁישָׁה (H809) 'and'.
רַפְּד֖וּנִיcomfortPiel impv 2mp + sfx 1cs · רָפַד (H7502)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָפַד (H7502) 'comfort'.
בַּתַּפּוּחִ֑יםandprep + art + N com m pl abs · תַּפּוּחַ (H8598)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּפּוּחַ (H8598) 'and'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
חוֹלַ֥תinflictedQal ptc fs · חָלָה (H2470)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
אַהֲבָ֖הout of the love ofN c · אַהֲבָה (H160)Construct chain (genitival)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
אָֽנִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
6

שְׂמֹאלוֹ֙ תַּ֣חַת לְרֹאשִׁ֔י וִימִינ֖וֹ תְּחַבְּקֵֽנִי

His left hand under my head, and his right hand does embrace me.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and embraced'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
שְׂמֹאלוֹ֙his leftN c · שְׂמֹאל (H8040)Construct chain (genitival)שְׂמֹאל (H8040) 'his left'.
תַּ֣חַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
לְרֹאשִׁ֔יthe head ofprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 1cs · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
וִימִינ֖וֹthe rightconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָמִין (H3225)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָמִין (H3225) 'the right'.
תְּחַבְּקֵֽנִיand embracedPiel impf 3fs + sfx 1cs · חָבַק (H2263)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָבַק (H2263) 'and embraced'.
7

הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּי אֶתְכֶ֜ם בְּנ֤וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙ בִּצְבָא֔וֹת א֖וֹ בְּאַיְל֣וֹת הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה אִם תָּעִ֧ירוּ וְֽאִם תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּ אֶת הָאַהֲבָ֖ה עַ֥ד שֶׁתֶּחְפָּֽץ

I charge you, O you daughters of Jerusalem, by the roes, and by the hinds of the field, that you stir not up, nor awake love, till he please.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he swore'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
הִשְׁבַּ֨עְתִּיhe sworeHiphil perf 1cs · נִשְׁבַּע (H7650)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנִשְׁבַּע (H7650) 'he swore'.
אֶתְכֶ֜םyouobj marker + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'you'.
בְּנ֤וֹתdaughtersN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughters'.
יְרוּשָׁלִַ֨ם֙JerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
בִּצְבָא֔וֹתand gazelleprep + N com c pl abs · צְבִי (H6643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְבִי (H6643) 'and gazelle'.
א֖וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
בְּאַיְל֣וֹתa doeprep + N com f pl constr · אַיָּלָה (H355)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּלָה (H355) 'a doe'.
הַשָּׂדֶ֑הthe fieldart + N com m sg abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
תָּעִ֧ירוּawakeHiphil impf 2mp · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
וְֽאִםand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'and if'.
תְּעֽוֹרְר֛וּawakePolel impf 2mp · עוּר (H5782)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעוּר (H5782) 'awake'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הָאַהֲבָ֖הout of the love ofart + N com f sg abs · אַהֲבָה (H160)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַהֲבָה (H160) 'out of the love of'.
עַ֥דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שֶׁתֶּחְפָּֽץhe delightedrel. שֶׁ + Qal impf 3fs · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָפֵץ (H2654) 'he delighted'.
8

ק֣וֹל דּוֹדִ֔י הִנֵּה זֶ֖ה בָּ֑א מְדַלֵּג֙ עַל הֶ֣הָרִ֔ים מְקַפֵּ֖ץ עַל הַגְּבָעֽוֹת

The voice of my beloved! behold, he cometh leaping upon the mountains, skipping upon the hills.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
ק֣וֹלthe sound ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'the sound of'.
דּוֹדִ֔יhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
זֶ֖הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
בָּ֑אcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
מְדַלֵּג֙leapPiel ptc ms · דָּלַג (H1801)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדָּלַג (H1801) 'leap'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הֶ֣הָרִ֔יםthe mountainsart + N com m pl abs · הַר (H2022)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַר (H2022) 'the mountains'.
מְקַפֵּ֖ץshutPiel ptc ms · קָפַץ (H7092)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorקָפַץ (H7092) 'shut'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַגְּבָעֽוֹתthe hillsart + N com f pl abs · גִּבְעָה (H1389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1389) 'the hills'.
9

דּוֹמֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ לִצְבִ֔י א֖וֹ לְעֹ֣פֶר הָֽאַיָּלִ֑ים הִנֵּה זֶ֤ה עוֹמֵד֙ אַחַ֣ר כָּתְלֵ֔נוּ מַשְׁגִּ֨יחַ֙ מִן הַֽחֲלֹּנ֔וֹת מֵצִ֖יץ מִן הַֽחֲרַכִּֽים

My beloved is like a roe or a young hart: behold, he standeth behind our wall, he looketh forth at the windows, shewing himself through the lattice.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'I planned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
דּוֹמֶ֤הI plannedQal ptc ms · דָּמָה (H1819)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
דוֹדִי֙his uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
לִצְבִ֔יand gazelleprep + N com c sg abs · צְבִי (H6643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְבִי (H6643) 'and gazelle'.
א֖וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
לְעֹ֣פֶרtoprep + N com m sg constr · עֹפֶר (H6082)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹפֶר (H6082) 'to'.
הָֽאַיָּלִ֑יםand as the deerart + N com c pl abs · אַיָּל (H354)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּל (H354) 'and as the deer'.
הִנֵּהbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
זֶ֤הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עוֹמֵד֙standingQal ptc ms · עָמַד (H5975)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
אַחַ֣רafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
כָּתְלֵ֔נוּwallN c · כֹּתֶל (H3796)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּתֶל (H3796) 'wall'.
מַשְׁגִּ֨יחַ֙lookHiphil ptc ms · שָׁגַח (H7688)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorשָׁגַח (H7688) 'look'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַֽחֲלֹּנ֔וֹתthe windowart + N com c pl abs · חַלּוֹן (H2474)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חַלּוֹן (H2474) 'the window'.
מֵצִ֖יץand it blossomedHiphil ptc ms · צוּץ (H6692)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorצוּץ (H6692) 'and it blossomed'.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'from'.
הַֽחֲרַכִּֽיםlatticeart + N com m pl abs · חֶרֶךְ (H2762)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶךְ (H2762) 'lattice'.
10

עָנָ֥ה דוֹדִ֖י וְאָ֣מַר לִ֑י ק֥וּמִי לָ֛ךְ רַעְיָתִ֥י יָפָתִ֖י וּלְכִי לָֽךְ

My beloved spake, and said to me, Rise up, my love, my fair one, and come away.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'has testified'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
עָנָ֥הhas testifiedQal perf 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָנָה (H6030) 'has testified'.
דוֹדִ֖יhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
וְאָ֣מַרand I saidconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'and I said'.
לִ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
ק֥וּמִיarise!Qal impv 2fs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'arise!'.
לָ֛ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
רַעְיָתִ֥יandN c · רַעְיָה (H7474)Construct chain (genitival)רַעְיָה (H7474) 'and'.
יָפָתִ֖יbeautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
וּלְכִיand he wentconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
לָֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
11

כִּֽי הִנֵּ֥ה הסתו הַסְּתָ֖יו עָבָ֑ר הַגֶּ֕שֶׁם חָלַ֖ף הָלַ֥ךְ לֽוֹ

For, lo, the winter is past, the rain is over gone;

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is crossing'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִנֵּ֥הbeholdadv. · הִנֵּה (H2009)Particle or relational elementהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'.
הסתוwinterart + N com m sg abs · סְתָו (H5638)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סְתָו (H5638) 'winter'.
הַסְּתָ֖יוwinterart + N com m sg abs · סְתָו (H5638)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סְתָו (H5638) 'winter'.
עָבָ֑רis crossingQal perf 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָבַר (H5674) 'is crossing'.
הַגֶּ֕שֶׁםthe rainart + N com m sg abs · גֶּשֶׁם (H1653)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּשֶׁם (H1653) 'the rain'.
חָלַ֖ףand changedQal perf 3ms · חָלַף (H2498)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלַף (H2498) 'and changed'.
הָלַ֥ךְwentQal perf 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָלַךְ (H1980) 'went'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
12

הַנִּצָּנִים֙ נִרְא֣וּ בָאָ֔רֶץ עֵ֥ת הַזָּמִ֖יר הִגִּ֑יעַ וְק֥וֹל הַתּ֖וֹר נִשְׁמַ֥ע בְּאַרְצֵֽנוּ

The flowers appear on the earth; the time of the singing is come, and the voice of the turtle is heard in our land;

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'touches'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
הַנִּצָּנִים֙flowerart + N com m pl abs · נִצָּן (H5339)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִצָּן (H5339) 'flower'.
נִרְא֣וּwere seenN · רָאָה (H7200)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָאָה (H7200) 'were seen'.
בָאָ֔רֶץin the land ofprep + art + N com c sg abs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'in the land of'.
עֵ֥תtimesN c · עֵת (H6256)Construct chain (genitival)עֵת (H6256) 'times'.
הַזָּמִ֖ירbranchart + N com m sg abs · זָמִיר (H2159)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָמִיר (H2159) 'branch'.
הִגִּ֑יעַtouchesHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
וְק֥וֹלto the voice ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · קוֹל (H6963)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
הַתּ֖וֹרturtledovesart + N com c sg abs · תֹּר (H8449)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֹּר (H8449) 'turtledoves'.
נִשְׁמַ֥עwas heardN · שָׁמַע (H8085)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַע (H8085) 'was heard'.
בְּאַרְצֵֽנוּthe landprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 1cp · אֶרֶץ (H776)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land'.
13

הַתְּאֵנָה֙ חָֽנְטָ֣ה פַגֶּ֔יהָ וְהַגְּפָנִ֥ים סְמָדַ֖ר נָ֣תְנוּ רֵ֑יחַ ק֥וּמִי לכי לָ֛ךְ רַעְיָתִ֥י יָפָתִ֖י וּלְכִי לָֽךְ

The fig tree putteth forth her green figs, and the vines the tender grape give a smell. Arise, my love, my fair one, and come away.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'to embalm'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
הַתְּאֵנָה֙and fig treeart + N com f sg abs · תְּאֵנָה (H8384)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּאֵנָה (H8384) 'and fig tree'.
חָֽנְטָ֣הto embalmQal perf 3fs · חָנַט (H2590)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָנַט (H2590) 'to embalm'.
פַגֶּ֔יהָgreen figurativelyN c · פַּג (H6291)Construct chain (genitival)פַּג (H6291) 'green figuratively'.
וְהַגְּפָנִ֥יםfrom the vine ofconj וְ + art + N com c pl abs · גֶּפֶן (H1612)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גֶּפֶן (H1612) 'from the vine of'.
סְמָדַ֖רtender grapeN c · סְמָדַר (H5563)Construct chain (genitival)סְמָדַר (H5563) 'tender grape'.
נָ֣תְנוּthey gaveQal perf 3cp · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'they gave'.
רֵ֑יחַan aroma ofN c · רֵיחַ (H7381)Construct chain (genitival)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'an aroma of'.
ק֥וּמִיarise!Qal impv 2fs · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'arise!'.
לכיGo!Qal impv 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'Go!'.
לָ֛ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
רַעְיָתִ֥יandN c · רַעְיָה (H7474)Construct chain (genitival)רַעְיָה (H7474) 'and'.
יָפָתִ֖יbeautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
וּלְכִיand he wentconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
לָֽךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
14

יוֹנָתִ֞י בְּחַגְוֵ֣י הַסֶּ֗לַע בְּסֵ֨תֶר֙ הַמַּדְרֵגָ֔ה הַרְאִ֨ינִי֙ אֶתּ מַרְאַ֔יִךְ הַשְׁמִיעִ֖ינִי אֶת קוֹלֵ֑ךְ כִּי קוֹלֵ֥ךְ עָרֵ֖ב וּמַרְאֵ֥יךְ נָאוֶֽה

O my dove, in the clefts of the rock, in the secret of the stairs, let me see your countenance, let me hear your voice; for sweet your voice, and your countenance comely.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
יוֹנָתִ֞יthe doveN c · יוֹנָה (H3123)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹנָה (H3123) 'the dove'.
בְּחַגְוֵ֣יinprep + N com m pl constr · חֲגָו (H2288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲגָו (H2288) 'in'.
הַסֶּ֗לַעthe rockart + N com m sg abs · סֶלַע (H5553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֶלַע (H5553) 'the rock'.
בְּסֵ֨תֶר֙in secretprep + N com m sg constr · סֵתֶר (H5643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סֵתֶר (H5643) 'in secret'.
הַמַּדְרֵגָ֔הstairart + N com f sg abs · מַדְרֵגָה (H4095)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַדְרֵגָה (H4095) 'stair'.
הַרְאִ֨ינִי֙and he sawHiphil impv 2fs + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
אֶתּ(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מַרְאַ֔יִךְappearanceN c · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Construct chain (genitival)מַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'.
הַשְׁמִיעִ֖ינִיand he heardHiphil impv 2fs + sfx 1cs · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
קוֹלֵ֑ךְto the voice ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
כִּיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קוֹלֵ֥ךְto the voice ofN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'to the voice of'.
עָרֵ֖בsweetAdj · עָרֵב (H6156)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָרֵב (H6156) 'sweet'.
וּמַרְאֵ֥יךְappearanceconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 2fs · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'.
נָאוֶֽהbecomethAdj · נָאוֶה (H5000)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָאוֶה (H5000) 'becometh'.
15

אֶֽחֱזוּ לָ֨נוּ֙ שֽׁוּעָלִ֔ים שֽׁוּעָלִ֥ים קְטַנִּ֖ים מְחַבְּלִ֣ים כְּרָמִ֑ים וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּ סְמָדַֽר

Take us the foxes, the little foxes, that spoil the vines: for our vines tender grapes.

Imperative — volitional address
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'and they took hold'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
אֶֽחֱזוּand they took holdQal impv 2mp · אָחַז (H270)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeאָחַז (H270) 'and they took hold'.
לָ֨נוּ֙to usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
שֽׁוּעָלִ֔יםfoxN c · שׁוּעָל (H7776)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוּעָל (H7776) 'fox'.
שֽׁוּעָלִ֥יםfoxN c · שׁוּעָל (H7776)Construct chain (genitival)שׁוּעָל (H7776) 'fox'.
קְטַנִּ֖יםthe youngestAdj · קָטֹן (H6996)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָטֹן (H6996) 'the youngest'.
מְחַבְּלִ֣יםhe shall take in pledgePiel ptc mp · חָבַל (H2254)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָבַל (H2254) 'he shall take in pledge'.
כְּרָמִ֑יםvineyardsN c · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'vineyards'.
וּכְרָמֵ֖ינוּa vineyardconj וְ + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cp · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'a vineyard'.
סְמָדַֽרtender grapeN c · סְמָדַר (H5563)Construct chain (genitival)סְמָדַר (H5563) 'tender grape'.
16

דּוֹדִ֥י לִי֙ וַאֲנִ֣י ל֔וֹ הָרֹעֶ֖ה בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּֽים

My beloved mine, and I his: he feedeth among the lilies.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'who shepherds me'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
דּוֹדִ֥יhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
לִי֙to meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
וַאֲנִ֣יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הָרֹעֶ֖הwho shepherds meart + Qal ptc ms · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'who shepherds me'.
בַּשּׁוֹשַׁנִּֽיםlilyprep + art + N com c pl abs · שׁוּשַׁן (H7799)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוּשַׁן (H7799) 'lily'.
17

עַ֤ד שֶׁיָּפ֨וּחַ֙ הַיּ֔וֹם וְנָ֖סוּ הַצְּלָלִ֑ים סֹב֩ דְּמֵה לְךָ֨ דוֹדִ֜י לִצְבִ֗י א֛וֹ לְעֹ֥פֶר הָאַיָּלִ֖ים עַל הָ֥רֵי בָֽתֶר

Until the day break, and the shadows flee away, turn, my beloved, and be you like a roe or a young hart upon the mountains of Bether.

Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-orientedasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'blow'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
עַ֤דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שֶׁיָּפ֨וּחַ֙blowrel. שֶׁ + Qal impf 3ms · פּוּחַ (H6315)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalפּוּחַ (H6315) 'blow'.
הַיּ֔וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
וְנָ֖סוּand they shall fleeconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · נוּס (H5127)Particle or relational elementנוּס (H5127) 'and they shall flee'.
הַצְּלָלִ֑יםshadowart + N com m pl abs · צֵלֶל (H6752)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵלֶל (H6752) 'shadow'.
סֹב֩circlingQal impv 2ms · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָבַב (H5437) 'circling'.
דְּמֵהI plannedQal impv 2ms · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
לְךָ֨to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
דוֹדִ֜יhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
לִצְבִ֗יand gazelleprep + N com c sg abs · צְבִי (H6643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צְבִי (H6643) 'and gazelle'.
א֛וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
לְעֹ֥פֶרtoprep + N com m sg constr · עֹפֶר (H6082)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֹפֶר (H6082) 'to'.
הָאַיָּלִ֖יםand as the deerart + N com c pl abs · אַיָּל (H354)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַיָּל (H354) 'and as the deer'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הָ֥רֵיthe mountains ofN c · הַר (H2022)Construct chain (genitival)הַר (H2022) 'the mountains of'.
בָֽתֶרBetherN c · בֶּתֶר (H1336)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּתֶר (H1336) 'Bether'.