1
שִׁ֥יר הַשִּׁירִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר לִשְׁלֹמֹֽה
The song of songs, which Solomon's.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 4 words
שִׁ֥ירa songN c · שִׁירָה (H7892)Construct chain (genitival)שִׁירָה (H7892) 'a song'.
הַשִּׁירִ֖יםa songart + N com c pl abs · שִׁירָה (H7892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שִׁירָה (H7892) 'a song'.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִשְׁלֹמֹֽהSolomonprep + N proper · שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010) 'Solomon'.
2
יִשָּׁקֵ֨נִי֙ מִנְּשִׁיק֣וֹת פִּ֔יהוּ כִּֽי טוֹבִ֥ים דֹּדֶ֖יךָ מִיָּֽיִן
Let him kiss me with the kisses of his mouth: for your love better than wine.
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'and he kissed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
יִשָּׁקֵ֨נִי֙and he kissedQal impf 3ms + sfx 1cs · נָשַׁק (H5401)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָשַׁק (H5401) 'and he kissed'.
מִנְּשִׁיק֣וֹתkissprep + N com f pl constr · נְשִׁיקָה (H5390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נְשִׁיקָה (H5390) 'kiss'.
פִּ֔יהוּhis mouthN c · פֶּה (H6310)Construct chain (genitival)פֶּה (H6310) 'his mouth'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
טוֹבִ֥יםgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
דֹּדֶ֖יךָhis uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
מִיָּֽיִןfrom wineprep + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'from wine'.
3
לְרֵ֨יחַ֙ שְׁמָנֶ֣יךָ טוֹבִ֔ים שֶׁ֖מֶן תּוּרַ֣ק שְׁמֶ֑ךָ עַל כֵּ֖ן עֲלָמ֥וֹת אֲהֵבֽוּךָ
Because of the savour of your good ointments your name ointment poured forth, therefore do the virgins love you.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I will draw out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
לְרֵ֨יחַ֙for an aroma ofprep + N com m sg abs · רֵיחַ (H7381)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'for an aroma of'.
שְׁמָנֶ֣יךָwith oilN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'with oil'.
טוֹבִ֔יםgoodAdj · טוֹב (H2896)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)טוֹב (H2896) 'good'.
שֶׁ֖מֶןthe oil ofN c · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Construct chain (genitival)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil of'.
תּוּרַ֣קI will draw outHophal impf 3fs · רִיק (H7324)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרִיק (H7324) 'I will draw out'.
שְׁמֶ֑ךָyour nameN c · שֵׁם (H8034)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁם (H8034) 'your name'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
כֵּ֖ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
עֲלָמ֥וֹתthe young womanN c · עַלְמָה (H5959)Construct chain (genitival)עַלְמָה (H5959) 'the young woman'.
אֲהֵבֽוּךָto loveQal perf 3cp + sfx 2ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
4
מָשְׁכֵ֖נִי אַחֲרֶ֣יךָ נָּר֑וּצָה הֱבִיאַ֨נִי הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ חֲדָרָ֗יו נָגִ֤ילָה וְנִשְׂמְחָה֙ בָּ֔ךְ נַזְכִּ֤ירָה דֹדֶ֨יךָ֙ מִיַּ֔יִן מֵישָׁרִ֖ים אֲהֵבֽוּךָ
Draw me, we will run after you: the king has brought me into his chambers: we will be glad and rejoice in you, we will remember your love more than wine: the upright love you.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'has pulled'.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
מָשְׁכֵ֖נִיhas pulledQal impv 2ms + sfx 1cs · מָשַׁךְ (H4900)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeמָשַׁךְ (H4900) 'has pulled'.
אַחֲרֶ֣יךָafter youprep + sfx 2ms · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after you'.
נָּר֑וּצָהand he ranQal cohortative 1cp · רוּץ (H7323)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
הֱבִיאַ֨נִיhe has brought me inHiphil perf 3ms + sfx 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actבּוֹא (H935) 'he has brought me in'.
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
חֲדָרָ֗יוin the chamber ofN c · חֶדֶר (H2315)Construct chain (genitival)חֶדֶר (H2315) 'in the chamber of'.
נָגִ֤ילָהbe gladQal cohortative 1cp · גִּיל (H1523)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalגִּיל (H1523) 'be glad'.
וְנִשְׂמְחָה֙and you shall rejoiceconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · שָׂמַח (H8055)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalשָׂמַח (H8055) 'and you shall rejoice'.
בָּ֔ךְamong youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'among you'.
נַזְכִּ֤ירָהand you shall rememberHiphil cohortative 1cp · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
דֹדֶ֨יךָ֙his uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
מִיַּ֔יִןfrom wineprep + N com m sg abs · יַיִן (H3196)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַיִן (H3196) 'from wine'.
מֵישָׁרִ֖יםagreementN c · מֵישָׁר (H4339)Construct chain (genitival)מֵישָׁר (H4339) 'agreement'.
אֲהֵבֽוּךָto loveQal perf 3cp + sfx 2ms · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
5
שְׁחוֹרָ֤ה אֲנִי֙ וְֽנָאוָ֔ה בְּנ֖וֹת יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑ם כְּאָהֳלֵ֣י קֵדָ֔ר כִּירִיע֖וֹת שְׁלֹמֹֽה
I black, but comely, O you daughters of Jerusalem, as the tents of Kedar, as the curtains of Solomon.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
שְׁחוֹרָ֤הblackAdj · שָׁחֹר (H7838)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁחֹר (H7838) 'black'.
אֲנִי֙Ipron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
וְֽנָאוָ֔הbecomethconj וְ + Adj · נָאוֶה (H5000)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָאוֶה (H5000) 'becometh'.
בְּנ֖וֹתdaughtersN c · בַּת (H1323)Construct chain (genitival)בַּת (H1323) 'daughters'.
יְרוּשָׁלִָ֑םJerusalemN · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
כְּאָהֳלֵ֣יthe tent ofprep + N com m pl constr · אֹהֶל (H168)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֹהֶל (H168) 'the tent of'.
קֵדָ֔רand KedarN · קֵדָר (H6938)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קֵדָר (H6938) 'and Kedar'.
כִּירִיע֖וֹתthe curtainprep + N com f pl constr · יְרִיעָה (H3407)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרִיעָה (H3407) 'the curtain'.
שְׁלֹמֹֽהSolomonN · שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹמֹה (H8010) 'Solomon'.
6
אַל תִּרְא֨וּנִי֙ שֶׁאֲנִ֣י שְׁחַרְחֹ֔רֶת שֶׁשֱּׁזָפַ֖תְנִי הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁ בְּנֵ֧י אִמִּ֣י נִֽחֲרוּ בִ֗י שָׂמֻ֨נִי֙ נֹטֵרָ֣ה אֶת הַכְּרָמִ֔ים כַּרְמִ֥י שֶׁלִּ֖י לֹ֥א נָטָֽרְתִּי
Look not upon me, because I black, because the sun has looked upon me: my mother's children were angry with me; they made me the keeper of the vineyards; mine own vineyard have I not kept.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Jussive — volitional. Lead predicate is 'and he saw'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּרְא֨וּנִי֙and he sawQal jussive 2mp + sfx 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalרָאָה (H7200) 'and he saw'.
שֶׁאֲנִ֣יIrel. שֶׁ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
שְׁחַרְחֹ֔רֶתblackAdj · שְׁחַרְחֹרֶת (H7840)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁחַרְחֹרֶת (H7840) 'black'.
שֶׁשֱּׁזָפַ֖תְנִיlook uprel. שֶׁ + Qal perf 3fs + sfx 1cs · שָׁזַף (H7805)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁזַף (H7805) 'look up'.
הַשָּׁ֑מֶשׁthe sunart + N com c sg abs · שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׁמֶשׁ (H8121) 'the sun'.
בְּנֵ֧יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אִמִּ֣יmy motherN c · אֵם (H517)Construct chain (genitival)אֵם (H517) 'my mother'.
נִֽחֲרוּbe angryN · חָרַר (H2787)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרַר (H2787) 'be angry'.
בִ֗יagainst meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'against me'.
שָׂמֻ֨נִי֙has made meQal perf 3cp + sfx 1cs · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשִׂים (H7760) 'has made me'.
נֹטֵרָ֣הyou shall bear a grudgeQal ptc fs · נָטַר (H5201)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָטַר (H5201) 'you shall bear a grudge'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַכְּרָמִ֔יםthe vineyardsart + N com c pl abs · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'the vineyards'.
כַּרְמִ֥יa vineyardN c · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Construct chain (genitival)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'a vineyard'.
שֶׁלִּ֖יthat / whichrel. שֶׁ + prep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'that / which'.
לֹ֥אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נָטָֽרְתִּיyou shall bear a grudgeQal perf 1cs · נָטַר (H5201)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָטַר (H5201) 'you shall bear a grudge'.
7
הַגִּ֣ידָה לִּ֗י שֶׁ֤אָהֲבָה֙ נַפְשִׁ֔י אֵיכָ֣ה תִרְעֶ֔ה אֵיכָ֖ה תַּרְבִּ֣יץ בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִם שַׁלָּמָ֤ה אֶֽהְיֶה֙ כְּעֹ֣טְיָ֔ה עַ֖ל עֶדְרֵ֥י חֲבֵרֶֽיךָ
Tell me, O you whom my soul loveth, where you feedest, where you makest to rest at noon: for why should I be as one that turneth aside by the flocks of your companions?
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'tell'.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
הַגִּ֣ידָהtellHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) 'tell'.
לִּ֗יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
שֶׁ֤אָהֲבָה֙to loverel. שֶׁ + Qal perf 3fs · אָהַב (H157)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָהַב (H157) 'to love'.
נַפְשִׁ֔יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
אֵיכָ֣הhowinterrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Particle or relational elementאֵיכָה (H349) 'how'.
תִרְעֶ֔הshepherdingQal impf 2ms · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָעָה (H7462) 'shepherding'.
אֵיכָ֖הhowinterrog. · אֵיכָה (H349)Particle or relational elementאֵיכָה (H349) 'how'.
תַּרְבִּ֣יץcrouchingHiphil impf 2ms · רָבַץ (H7257)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalרָבַץ (H7257) 'crouching'.
בַּֽצָּהֳרָ֑יִםat noonprep + art + N com m pl abs · צָהֳרַיִם (H6672)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צָהֳרַיִם (H6672) 'at noon'.
שַׁלָּמָ֤הwhatrel. שֶׁ + prep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אֶֽהְיֶה֙I will beQal impf 1cs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalהָיָה (H1961) 'I will be'.
כְּעֹ֣טְיָ֔הhe shall coverprep + Qal ptc fs · עָטָה (H5844)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorעָטָה (H5844) 'he shall cover'.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֶדְרֵ֥יflocks ofN c · עֵדֶר (H5739)Construct chain (genitival)עֵדֶר (H5739) 'flocks of'.
חֲבֵרֶֽיךָknit togetherN c · חָבֵר (H2270)Construct chain (genitival)חָבֵר (H2270) 'knit together'.
8
אִם לֹ֤א תֵדְעִי֙ לָ֔ךְ הַיָּפָ֖ה בַּנָּשִׁ֑ים צְֽאִי לָ֞ךְ בְּעִקְבֵ֣י הַצֹּ֗אן וּרְעִי֙ אֶת גְּדִיֹּתַ֔יִךְ עַ֖ל מִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹת הָרֹעִֽים
If you know not, O you fairest among women, go your way forth by the footsteps of the flock, and feed your kids beside the shepherds' tents.
Conditional ʼim. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֵדְעִי֙I knowQal impf 2fs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
לָ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
הַיָּפָ֖הbeautifulart + Adj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
בַּנָּשִׁ֑יםamong the femalesprep + art + N com f pl abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'among the females'.
צְֽאִיand he went outQal impv 2fs · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
לָ֞ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
בְּעִקְבֵ֣יin the heel ofprep + N com m pl constr · עָקֵב (H6119)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָקֵב (H6119) 'in the heel of'.
הַצֹּ֗אןthe flockart + N com c sg abs · צֹאן (H6629)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹאן (H6629) 'the flock'.
וּרְעִי֙shepherdingconj וְ + Qal impv 2fs · רָעָה (H7462)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeרָעָה (H7462) 'shepherding'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
גְּדִיֹּתַ֔יִךְkidN c · גְּדִיָּה (H1429)Construct chain (genitival)גְּדִיָּה (H1429) 'kid'.
עַ֖לonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מִשְׁכְּנ֥וֹתthe tabernacleN c · מִשְׁכָּן (H4908)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁכָּן (H4908) 'the tabernacle'.
הָרֹעִֽיםthe shepherdsart + Qal ptc mp · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'the shepherds'.
9
לְסֻסָתִי֙ בְּרִכְבֵ֣י פַרְעֹ֔ה דִּמִּיתִ֖יךְ רַעְיָתִֽי
I have compared you, O my love, to a company of horses in Pharaoh's chariots.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I planned'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
לְסֻסָתִי֙toprep + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · סוּסָה (H5484)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סוּסָה (H5484) 'to'.
בְּרִכְבֵ֣יchariots ofprep + N com m pl constr · רֶכֶב (H7393)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רֶכֶב (H7393) 'chariots of'.
פַרְעֹ֔הPharaohN · פַּרְעֹה (H6547)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פַּרְעֹה (H6547) 'Pharaoh'.
דִּמִּיתִ֖יךְI plannedPiel perf 1cs + sfx 2fs · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
רַעְיָתִֽיandN c · רַעְיָה (H7474)Construct chain (genitival)רַעְיָה (H7474) 'and'.
10
נָאו֤וּ לְחָיַ֨יִךְ֙ בַּתֹּרִ֔ים צַוָּארֵ֖ךְ בַּחֲרוּזִֽים
Your cheeks are comely with rows , your neck with chains .
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'be beautiful'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
נָאו֤וּbe beautifulQal perf 3cp · נָאָה (H4998)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָאָה (H4998) 'be beautiful'.
לְחָיַ֨יִךְ֙and the two cheeksN c · לְחִי (H3895)Construct chain (genitival)לְחִי (H3895) 'and the two cheeks'.
בַּתֹּרִ֔יםinprep + art + N com m pl abs · תּוֹר (H8447)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תּוֹר (H8447) 'in'.
צַוָּארֵ֖ךְyour neckN c · צַוָּאר (H6677)Construct chain (genitival)צַוָּאר (H6677) 'your neck'.
בַּחֲרוּזִֽיםinprep + art + N com m pl abs · חָרוּז (H2737)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָרוּז (H2737) 'in'.
11
תּוֹרֵ֤י זָהָב֙ נַעֲשֶׂה לָּ֔ךְ עִ֖ם נְקֻדּ֥וֹת הַכָּֽסֶף
We will make you borders of gold with studs of silver.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'we will do'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
תּוֹרֵ֤יborderN c · תּוֹר (H8447)Construct chain (genitival)תּוֹר (H8447) 'border'.
זָהָב֙goldN c · זָהָב (H2091)Construct chain (genitival)זָהָב (H2091) 'gold'.
נַעֲשֶׂהwe will doQal impf 1cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'we will do'.
לָּ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
עִ֖םwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
נְקֻדּ֥וֹתstudN c · נְקֻדָּה (H5351)Construct chain (genitival)נְקֻדָּה (H5351) 'stud'.
הַכָּֽסֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'the silver'.
12
עַד שֶׁ֤הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ בִּמְסִבּ֔וֹ נִרְדִּ֖י נָתַ֥ן רֵיחֽוֹ
While the king at his table, my spikenard sendeth forth the smell thereof.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'is giving'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
שֶׁ֤הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙king ofrel. שֶׁ + art + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בִּמְסִבּ֔וֹthat compass aboutprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · מֵסַב (H4524)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵסַב (H4524) 'that compass about'.
נִרְדִּ֖יspikenardN c · נֵרְדְּ (H5373)Construct chain (genitival)נֵרְדְּ (H5373) 'spikenard'.
נָתַ֥ןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
רֵיחֽוֹan aroma ofN c · רֵיחַ (H7381)Construct chain (genitival)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'an aroma of'.
13
צְר֨וֹר הַמֹּ֤ר דּוֹדִי֙ לִ֔י בֵּ֥ין שָׁדַ֖י יָלִֽין
A bundle of myrrh my wellbeloved to me; he shall lie all night betwixt my breasts.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Yiqtol — imperfective, modal, or future-oriented. Lead predicate is 'shall remain overnight'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
צְר֨וֹרbundle ofN c · צְרוֹר (H6872)Construct chain (genitival)צְרוֹר (H6872) 'bundle of'.
הַמֹּ֤רmyrrh ofart + N com m sg abs · מֹר (H4753)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֹר (H4753) 'myrrh of'.
דּוֹדִי֙his uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
לִ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
בֵּ֥יןbetweenprep · בֵּין (H996)Particle or relational elementבֵּין (H996) 'between'.
שָׁדַ֖יbreastsN c · שַׁד (H7699)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁד (H7699) 'breasts'.
יָלִֽיןshall remain overnightQal impf 3ms · לוּן (H3885)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalלוּן (H3885) 'shall remain overnight'.
14
אֶשְׁכֹּ֨ל הַכֹּ֤פֶר דּוֹדִי֙ לִ֔י בְּכַרְמֵ֖י עֵ֥ין גֶּֽדִי
My beloved to me a cluster of camphire in the vineyards of Engedi.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
אֶשְׁכֹּ֨לclusters ofN c · אֶשְׁכּוֹל (H811)Construct chain (genitival)אֶשְׁכּוֹל (H811) 'clusters of'.
הַכֹּ֤פֶרa ransomart + N com m sg abs · כֹּפֶר (H3724)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּפֶר (H3724) 'a ransom'.
דּוֹדִי֙his uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
לִ֔יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
בְּכַרְמֵ֖יa vineyardprep + N com c pl constr · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'a vineyard'.
עֵ֥יןand En-N · עַיִן (H5872)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5872) 'and En-'.
גֶּֽדִיGediN · עַיִן (H5872)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַיִן (H5872) 'Gedi'.
15
הִנָּ֤ךְ יָפָה֙ רַעְיָתִ֔י הִנָּ֥ךְ יָפָ֖ה עֵינַ֥יִךְ יוֹנִֽים
Behold, you fair, my love; behold, you fair; you doves' eyes.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
הִנָּ֤ךְbeholdadv. + sfx 2fs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
יָפָה֙beautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
רַעְיָתִ֔יandN c · רַעְיָה (H7474)Construct chain (genitival)רַעְיָה (H7474) 'and'.
הִנָּ֥ךְbeholdadv. + sfx 2fs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
יָפָ֖הbeautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
עֵינַ֥יִךְyour eyesN c · עַיִן (H5869)Construct chain (genitival)עַיִן (H5869) 'your eyes'.
יוֹנִֽיםthe doveN c · יוֹנָה (H3123)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹנָה (H3123) 'the dove'.
16
הִנְּךָ֨ יָפֶ֤ה דוֹדִי֙ אַ֣ף נָעִ֔ים אַף עַרְשֵׂ֖נוּ רַעֲנָנָֽה
Behold, you fair, my beloved, yea, pleasant: also our bed green.
Presentative hinneh, putting a new scene or surprise on stage. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
הִנְּךָ֨beholdadv. + sfx 2ms · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold'.
יָפֶ֤הbeautifulAdj · יָפֶה (H3303)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפֶה (H3303) 'beautiful'.
דוֹדִי֙his uncleN c · דּוֹד (H1730)Construct chain (genitival)דּוֹד (H1730) 'his uncle'.
אַ֣ףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
נָעִ֔יםandAdj · נָעִים (H5273)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָעִים (H5273) 'and'.
אַףalsoparticle · אַף (H637)Particle or relational elementאַף (H637) 'also'.
עַרְשֵׂ֖נוּa bed ofN c · עֶרֶשׂ (H6210)Construct chain (genitival)עֶרֶשׂ (H6210) 'a bed of'.
רַעֲנָנָֽהgreen/luxuriantAdj · רַעֲנָן (H7488)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעֲנָן (H7488) 'green/luxuriant'.
17
קֹר֤וֹת בָּתֵּ֨ינוּ֙ אֲרָזִ֔ים רחיטנו רַהִיטֵ֖נוּ בְּרוֹתִֽים
The beams of our house cedar, our rafters of fir.
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Nominal or particle frame. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
קֹר֤וֹתmy roof-beamN c · קוֹרָה (H6982)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹרָה (H6982) 'my roof-beam'.
בָּתֵּ֨ינוּ֙our housesN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'our houses'.
אֲרָזִ֔יםcedarN c · אֶרֶז (H730)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶז (H730) 'cedar'.
רחיטנוrafterN c · רְחִיט (H7351)Construct chain (genitival)רְחִיט (H7351) 'rafter'.
רַהִיטֵ֖נוּrafterN c · רְחִיט (H7351)Construct chain (genitival)רְחִיט (H7351) 'rafter'.
בְּרוֹתִֽיםfirN c · בְּרוֹת (H1266)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרוֹת (H1266) 'fir'.