1
וּבַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י בְּאֶחָ֣ד לַחֹ֗דֶשׁ מִֽקְרָא קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם כָּל מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ י֥וֹם תְּרוּעָ֖ה יִהְיֶ֥ה לָכֶֽם
And in the seventh month, on the first of the month, there shall be a holy convocation for you; you shall do no laborious work; it shall be a day of trumpet-blast for you.
Opens the seventh-month sub-calendar (parallel in form to 28:11's new-moon opening). Two nominal clauses frame a negative command: holy-convocation / work-ban / trumpet-blast — identical skeleton to the Day of Atonement notice in v.7 and the Sukkot-opening notice in v.12.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וּבַחֹ֨דֶשׁand in the monthconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)חֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'new moon, month', from חדשׁ 'new'; here the seventh month (Tishri), opening the fall festival cluster of Trumpets, Atonement, and Sukkot.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜יthe seventhart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive adjective (modifying חֹדֶשׁ)שְׁבִיעִי (H7637) 'seventh', ordinal from שֶׁבַע 'seven'; Tishri, seventh from Nisan yet the cultic high point of the year with three feasts packed into it.
בְּאֶחָ֣דon the firstprep בְּ + Adj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Temporal prepositional phrase (date formula)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; idiomatic for 'the first (day)' in date formulas, as in the parallel new-moon language of 28:11.
לַחֹ֗דֶשׁof the monthprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Genitival prepositional phrase completing the date formulaחֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'month'; repeated to complete 'on the first of the month' — the day is BOTH a new moon (28:11-15) and the trumpet-blast day, doubling its offerings in later practice.
מִֽקְרָאa convocation ofN m sg constr · מִקְרָא (H4744)Predicate nominative (subject complement)מִקְרָא (H4744) 'convocation, sacred assembly', from קרא 'to call'; construct before קֹדֶשׁ — a day the community is summoned together.
קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙holyN m sg abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive complement of מִקְרָא (construct chain)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holiness, sacredness', from קדשׁ 'to be set apart'; 'a holy convocation' marks the day as sacred, work-restricted like the Sabbath.
יִהְיֶ֣הit shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — a standing legal requirementהָיָה (H1961) 'to be, become'; the recurring calendar-formula verb that establishes each feast day's fixed status.
לָכֶ֔םfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object)Preposition לְ (H3807-type) + 2mp suffix, 'to/for you (pl.)'; the community addressed collectively as covenant beneficiaries of the calendar.
כָּלanyN m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct governing מְלֶאכֶת (universal quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every, whole'; in construct, 'any work of labor whatsoever' — a total prohibition.
מְלֶ֥אכֶתwork ofN f sg constr · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Direct object (construct chain head)מְלָאכָה (H4399) 'work, occupation, business'; construct before עֲבֹדָה, the standard festal-law phrase for servile labor.
עֲבֹדָ֖הlaborN f sg abs · עֲבֹדָה (H5656)Genitive complement (construct chain)עֲבֹדָה (H5656) 'service, labor', from עבד 'to work, serve'; occupational/servile work, distinct from festival food-preparation which the law elsewhere permits (Ex 12:16).
לֹ֣אnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negative particle (negating the verb)לֹא (H3808), the standard negative particle with finite verbs; here a permanent, unconditional prohibition.
תַעֲשׂ֑וּyou shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (prohibition, main clause)→ Yiqtol negated by לֹא: durative prohibition — 'you must not do'עָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; the negated form is Torah's standard idiom for sabbath-like work prohibition on festival days.
י֥וֹםa day ofN m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Predicate nominative in apposition (restates the day's character)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; construct before תְּרוּעָה, giving the day its distinctive cultic name.
תְּרוּעָ֖הtrumpet-blastN f sg abs · תְּרוּעָה (H8643)Genitive complement (construct chain, naming the festival)תְּרוּעָה (H8643) 'shout, blast, alarm', from רוע 'to raise a sound'; the shofar-blast naming this day — later tradition's Rosh Hashanah, though the text itself supplies no 'new year' label.
יִהְיֶ֥הit shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (resumptive, main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing requirementהָיָה (H1961), resuming the verse's opening formula to close the frame around the verse's two clauses.
לָכֶֽםfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object, resumptive)Preposition לְ + 2mp suffix, resuming the frame from the verse's opening clause.
2
וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨ם עֹלָ֜ה לְרֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה פַּ֧ר בֶּן בָּקָ֛ר אֶחָ֖ד אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה תְּמִימִֽם
And you shall offer a burnt offering, a soothing aroma to the LORD: one young bull, one ram, seven yearling lambs, unblemished.
Specifies the animal offering for the trumpet-blast day: bull-ram-seven-lambs, identical to the base set at every month's new moon (28:11) and to the eighth-day Atzeret (v.36). This modest fixed formula becomes the baseline against which Sukkot's escalating bull-count (vv.13-32) stands out.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַעֲשִׂיתֶ֨םand you shall offerconj וְ + Qal perf 2mp (weqatal) · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (weqatal continuing the main command line)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — the offering obligation that follows once the day is designatedעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; here 'offer/prepare' sacrificially, picking up the command chain from v.1's calendar notice.
עֹלָ֜הa burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct objectעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt/ascension offering', from עלה 'to go up'; wholly consumed on the altar, the base sacrifice of every festival calendar in ch. 28-29.
לְרֵ֤יחַfor a soothingprep לְ + N m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Adverbial prepositional phrase (purpose/result)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'scent, odor', construct before נִיחֹחַ; the anthropomorphic idiom of the sacrifice's smoke being pleasing to God, signaling covenantal acceptance.
נִיחֹ֨חַ֙aromaN m sg abs · נִיחֹחַ (H5207)Genitive complement (construct chain)נִיחֹחַ (H5207) 'soothing, pleasing', from נוח 'to rest, be quiet'; with רֵיחַ, the standard formula rēaḥ nîḥōaḥ recurring through every offering in this chapter.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient of the offering)יְהוָה (H3068), the covenant name; every sacrifice in this chapter is offered specifically 'to YHWH', tying the calendar to Israel's exclusive covenant loyalty.
פַּ֧רa bullN m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first item of the offering list, in apposition to עֹלָה)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull', the largest and costliest animal in the sacrificial system; here the sole bull for Trumpets/Atonement, contrasted with the multiplied bulls of Sukkot (vv.13-32).
בֶּןson ofN m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'son'; construct idiom 'son of the herd' = a young bull drawn from the cattle, marking its age-class rather than literal parentage.
בָּקָ֛רthe herdN common sg abs · בָּקָר (H1241)Genitive complement (construct chain, age-classification)בָּקָר (H1241) 'cattle, herd'; with בֶּן forms the standard idiom for a young bull suitable for the highest-grade offerings.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying פַּראֶחָד (H259) 'one'; fixes the quantity at a single bull — this modest baseline will explode to thirteen bulls by v.13 (Sukkot day one).
אַ֣יִלa ramN m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal in the list)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', mid-tier sacrificial animal between bull and lamb; a fixed single ram accompanies every day's offering across chs. 28-29, even the multiplying bulls of Sukkot only ever pair with two rams (v.14).
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying אַיִלאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the ram-count stays fixed at one throughout the entire seventh-month calendar, unlike the bulls.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', the smallest and most numerous sacrificial animal here; seven lambs accompany the bull-and-ram pair on every 'ordinary' day of this calendar (vv.2,8,36) and stay fixed at fourteen throughout Sukkot's seven days.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; with שָׁנָה, 'yearlings' — lambs in their first year, the required age-class.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs' — the standard age qualifier for lamb offerings throughout the priestly calendar.
שִׁבְעָ֖הsevenAdj cardinal m sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Numeral modifying כְּבָשִׂיםשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the lamb-count fixed at seven on every 'single-day' festival (Trumpets, Atonement, the 8th-day Atzeret) and doubled to fourteen throughout Sukkot's seven days.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying כְּבָשִׂים, quality requirement)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, whole, unblemished', from תמם 'to be complete'; the universal fitness-standard for sacrificial animals — physical wholeness mirroring the holiness demanded of the offerers.
3
וּמִנְחָתָ֔ם סֹ֖לֶת בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ לַפָּ֔ר שְׁנֵ֥י עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖ים לָאָֽיִל
And their grain offering: fine flour mixed with oil, three-tenths for the bull, two-tenths for the ram,
Subordinate to v.2's command: specifies the fixed grain-and-oil quantities per animal (a system already codified in 28:5,9,12,20 and reused verbatim through this chapter). The scaling — three-tenths/bull, two-tenths/ram, one-tenth/lamb (v.4) — recurs at every offering point in the chapter, including through the Sukkot bull multiplication (vv.9-10,14-15).
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֔םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering component)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'gift, tribute, grain offering'; the cereal accompaniment required with every animal burnt offering, fixed by quantity to the animal's size (vv.3-4).
סֹ֖לֶתfine flourN f sg abs · סֹלֶת (H5560)Subject (apposition, defining the grain offering's material)סֹלֶת (H5560) 'fine flour', the choicest wheat flour required for grain offerings — no coarse meal permitted.
בְּלוּלָ֣הmixedQal passive ptc f sg abs · בָּלַל (H1101)Attributive participle (modifying סֹלֶת)→ Passive participle: a completed state — flour already prepared, ready for presentationבָּלַל (H1101) 'to mix, mingle, confuse'; here of oil kneaded into the flour, the standard preparation for the accompanying grain offering.
בַשָּׁ֑מֶןwith oilprep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Adverbial prepositional phrase (instrument/means)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil', pressed olive oil; symbol of consecration, joy, and richness, blended into every grain offering in this chapter.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֤הthreeAdj cardinal m sg abs · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Numeral modifying עֶשְׂרֹנִיםשָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'; three-tenths (of an ephah) of flour is graded to the bull, the largest animal — grain quantity scales with the animal's size.
עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙tenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'a tenth-part', i.e., of an ephah (roughly 2 liters); the standard dry-measure unit for grain offerings, graded by animal size throughout vv.3-4,9-10,14-15.
לַפָּ֔רfor the bullprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation/distribution)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', recalled from v.2 to specify which animal receives the three-tenths measure.
שְׁנֵ֥יtwo ofAdj cardinal m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct (quantifying עֶשְׂרֹנִים)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; two-tenths of flour is graded to the ram, the mid-size animal — between the bull's three and the lamb's one (v.4).
עֶשְׂרֹנִ֖יםtenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun, resumptive)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part', resumed to specify the ram's grain measure — the same unit, scaled down from the bull's three.
לָאָֽיִלfor the ramprep+art לָ + N m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation/distribution)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', recalled from v.2 to close the grain-offering allocation for the two larger animals; the lamb's tenth follows in v.4.
4
וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹן אֶחָ֔ד לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד לְשִׁבְעַ֖ת הַכְּבָשִֽׂים
and one-tenth for each lamb, of the seven lambs;
Completes v.3's grain-measure list with the lamb's tenth, using distributive syntax (הָאֶחָד, 'each one') then totaling back to 'the seven lambs' — a compact way of saying one-tenth apiece rather than one-tenth total.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְעִשָּׂר֣וֹןand a tenthconj וְ + N m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (distributive grain measure)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part'; the smallest grain measure, allotted per lamb — completing the bull/ram/lamb grading begun in v.3.
אֶחָ֔דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying עִשָּׂרוֹןאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; fixes the per-lamb grain allotment at one-tenth, the smallest unit, applied 'distributively' (see הָאֶחָד below) to each of the seven lambs.
לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂfor the lambprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', singular here as the distributive base unit — 'per lamb', before the plural is resumed to total the group.
הָאֶחָ֑דeach oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive/distributive modifier ('the single one' = 'each')אֶחָד (H259) with the article functions distributively, 'the one (lamb)' i.e. 'each single lamb' — the syntax that clarifies the tenth applies per animal, not to the group as a whole.
לְשִׁבְעַ֖תfor the seven ofprep לְ + Adj cardinal m sg constr · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial prepositional phrase (totaling the distributive)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven', in construct before הַכְּבָשִׂים — closes the sentence by totaling the distributive tenth back up to the full complement of seven lambs from v.2.
הַכְּבָשִֽׂיםthe lambsart + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Genitive complement (construct chain, definite reference back to v.2)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', now definite plural, anaphoric to the seven lambs already introduced in v.2 — this grain-offering formula (v.4) will recur nearly verbatim at every subsequent lamb-mention in the chapter.
5
וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד חַטָּ֑את לְכַפֵּ֖ר עֲלֵיכֶֽם
And one male goat as a sin offering, to make atonement for you —
Adds the sin-offering goat to the burnt-offering set of v.2, completing the day's sacrificial menu before v.6 clarifies that all of this is 'besides' the standing monthly and daily offerings.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וּשְׂעִירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat, hairy one'; construct before עִזִּים, the standard animal for the sin offering accompanying every festival burnt offering in this calendar.
עִזִּ֥יםgoatsN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive complement (construct chain, species classification)עֵז (H5795) 'she-goat, goat (collective)'; with שָׂעִיר, 'a male of the goats' — the standard idiom naming the species.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר עִזִּיםאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; a single goat suffices for the sin offering on every occasion in this chapter, regardless of how the burnt-offering animals multiply.
חַטָּ֑אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying the goat's sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin, sin offering', from חטא 'to miss, sin'; the purification sacrifice for inadvertent communal guilt, distinct in function from the atoning burnt offering.
לְכַפֵּ֖רto atoneprep לְ + Piel inf constr · כָּפַר (H3722)Purpose infinitive clause (goal of the sin offering)→ Infinitive of purpose: states the intended effect of the sacrificeכָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to atone, cover, make propitiation'; the goat's sacrificial function is explicitly stated — ritual purgation for the community's collective sin.
עֲלֵיכֶֽםfor youprep עַל + 2mp suffixPrepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) 'upon, over, for'; with the 2mp suffix, 'on your behalf' — the atonement's beneficiaries are the assembled worshiping community.
6
מִלְּבַד֩ עֹלַ֨ת הַחֹ֜דֶשׁ וּמִנְחָתָ֗הּ וְעֹלַ֤ת הַתָּמִיד֙ וּמִנְחָתָ֔הּ וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֖ם כְּמִשְׁפָּטָ֑ם לְרֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ אִשֶּׁ֖ה לַיהוָֽה
besides the burnt offering of the new moon and its grain offering, and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering, and their drink offerings, according to their ordinance — for a soothing aroma, a fire offering to the LORD.
A stacking clause: Trumpets-day sacrifices (v.2-5) are laid on TOP of the new-moon offering (28:11-14, since the day is also Tishri 1) and the perpetual tamid (28:3-8). This three-layer 'besides' formula (מִלְּבַד) recurs at every offering-total in the chapter, quietly multiplying the actual number of animals slaughtered each festival day well beyond what vv.2,5 alone state.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
מִלְּבַד֩besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'separation, part'; the compound preposition מִלְּבַד 'apart from, in addition to' clarifies that the day's special offerings supplement, not replace, the standing new-moon and daily offerings — a formula repeated at every offering-list in this chapter.
עֹלַ֨תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַחֹדֶשׁ — the monthly new-moon burnt offering legislated in 28:11-14.
הַחֹ֜דֶשׁthe new moonart + N m sg abs · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Genitive complement (construct chain)חֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'new moon'; since v.1 falls ON a new moon (Tishri 1), this day's offerings stack on top of the ordinary monthly sacrifice, doubling the animals actually presented that day.
וּמִנְחָתָ֗הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the מִלְּבַד list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', with 3fs suffix referring back to הַחֹדֶשׁ's offering; the new moon's own cereal accompaniment (28:12) stacks alongside this day's grain offerings from vv.3-4.
וְעֹלַ֤תand the burnt offering ofconj וְ + N f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Coordinate genitive-chain head (continuing the list)עֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד — the twice-daily perpetual offering (28:3-8), the third layer stacking beneath this day's special sacrifices.
הַתָּמִיד֙the continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', substantivized 'the tamid'; the base-layer daily lamb offering (morning and evening, 28:3-8) beneath every other sacrifice in Israel's calendar, including all of chs. 28-29.
וּמִנְחָתָ֔הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', now referring to the tamid's own accompanying cereal offering (28:5) — the third grain offering named in this single verse.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֖םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', from נסך 'to pour out'; the wine poured with each burnt/grain offering (28:7,14), here summarizing all the accumulated libations of the standing offerings.
כְּמִשְׁפָּטָ֑םaccording to their ordinanceprep כְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'judgment, ordinance, custom', from שׁפט 'to judge'; refers back to the fixed rules of ch. 28 for quantities and procedure — a formula recurring at every Sukkot day-total (vv.18,21,24,27,30,33,37).
לְרֵ֣יחַfor a soothingprep לְ + N m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Adverbial prepositional phrase (purpose/result)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'scent, odor'; the recurring aroma formula now applied to the combined smoke of new-moon, tamid, and festival offerings together.
נִיחֹ֔חַaromaN m sg abs · נִיחֹחַ (H5207)Genitive complement (construct chain)נִיחֹחַ (H5207) 'soothing, pleasing'; completes rēaḥ nîḥōaḥ, the divine-acceptance formula stamped on this verse's cumulative offering list.
אִשֶּׁ֖הa fire offeringN m sg abs · אִשֶּׁה (H801)Predicate nominative (apposition, summarizing category)אִשֶּׁה (H801) 'offering made by fire', from אֵשׁ 'fire' (traditionally; some derive it from a separate root for 'gift'); classifies all the burnt and grain offerings just listed as fire-offerings consumed on the altar.
לַיהוָֽהto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient)יְהוָה (H3068), closing the verse and this offering-stack precisely as v.2 opened it — every layer of sacrifice, ultimately, directed to YHWH alone.
7
וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩ לַחֹ֨דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י הַזֶּ֗ה מִֽקְרָא קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם וְעִנִּיתֶ֖ם אֶת נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑ם כָּל מְלָאכָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ
And on the tenth of this seventh month you shall have a holy convocation, and you shall afflict your souls; you shall do no work.
The Day of Atonement notice, structurally parallel to v.1 (holy-convocation / work-ban) but with the added, unique demand of self-affliction — the day's negative, penitential character contrasts sharply with the blast-day's alarm and Sukkot's joy (Lev 23:27-32; Lev 16).
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וּבֶעָשׂוֹר֩and on the tenthconj וְ + prep+art בֶּ + N m sg abs · עָשׂוֹר (H6218)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)עָשׂוֹר (H6218) 'ten, tenth (day)', from עֶשֶׂר 'ten'; introduces the Day of Atonement date — nine days after the trumpet-blast of v.1, the most solemn day of Israel's year (Lev 16; 23:26-32).
לַחֹ֨דֶשׁof the monthprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Genitival prepositional phrase completing the date formulaחֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'month'; completes 'on the tenth of the month' — the identical date-formula skeleton as v.1's 'on the first of the month'.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜יthe seventhart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive adjective (modifying חֹדֶשׁ)שְׁבִיעִי (H7637) 'seventh'; reconfirms the month, tying this second festival explicitly back to v.1's calendar frame.
הַזֶּ֗הthisart + demonstrative pronoun m sg · זֶה (H2088)Attributive demonstrative (modifying חֹדֶשׁ, emphatic deixis)זֶה (H2088) 'this'; the added demonstrative ('this same seventh month') underscores that Atonement falls within the SAME month as Trumpets, not a separate cycle.
מִֽקְרָאa convocation ofN m sg constr · מִקְרָא (H4744)Predicate nominative (subject complement)מִקְרָא (H4744) 'convocation'; identical formula to v.1, marking the Day of Atonement as equally sacred assembly-time despite its very different tone (affliction, not celebration).
קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙holyN m sg abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive complement of מִקְרָא (construct chain)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holiness'; this day's holiness is the highest in the year — the one day the high priest enters the Holy of Holies (Lev 16:2-34).
יִהְיֶ֣הit shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing legal requirementהָיָה (H1961), the same calendar-formula verb as v.1, establishing this day's status as fixed law.
לָכֶ֔םfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object)Preposition לְ + 2mp suffix, 'to/for you (pl.)', matching v.1's frame exactly.
וְעִנִּיתֶ֖םand you shall afflictconj וְ + Piel perf 2mp (weqatal) · עָנָה (H6031)Predicate verb (weqatal, main clause command)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — the day's defining obligationעָנָה (H6031) II Piel 'to humble, afflict, mortify'; the technical term (used absolutely without further specification here) that Jewish tradition understood as fasting and self-denial on Yom Kippur (cf. Lev 16:29,31; 23:27,29,32).
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (definite object)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶם as the definite direct object; untranslated in English.
נַפְשֹׁתֵיכֶ֑םyour soulsN common pl constr/2mp suffix · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Direct objectנֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'soul, self, life, appetite'; 'afflict your נֶפֶשׁ' is the idiom for fasting/self-denial — appetite (including hunger) deliberately suppressed as the day's core discipline.
כָּלanyN m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct governing מְלָאכָה (universal quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; here the ban is even more absolute than v.1's — Lev 23:29-30 threatens כרת (excision) for violating it, the harshest sanction in the sacrificial calendar.
מְלָאכָ֖הworkN f sg abs · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Direct objectמְלָאכָה (H4399) 'work, occupation'; here used alone (without the qualifier עֲבֹדָה of v.1,12,35), possibly signaling an even broader prohibition befitting the year's most solemn day.
לֹ֥אnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negative particle (negating the verb)לֹא (H3808), standard negative particle; a permanent prohibition.
תַעֲשֽׂוּyou shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (prohibition, main clause)→ Yiqtol negated by לֹא: durative prohibitionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; closes the verse's dual command — affliction of soul, cessation of labor — the twin marks of Yom Kippur observance.
8
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם עֹלָ֤ה לַֽיהוָה֙ רֵ֣יחַ נִיחֹ֔חַ פַּ֧ר בֶּן בָּקָ֛ר אֶחָ֖ד אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד כְּבָשִׂ֤ים בְּנֵֽי שָׁנָה֙ שִׁבְעָ֔ה תְּמִימִ֖ם יִהְי֥וּ לָכֶֽם
And you shall offer a burnt offering to the LORD, a soothing aroma: one young bull, one ram, seven yearling lambs — they shall be unblemished for you.
Specifies the Atonement-day animal offering — bull/ram/seven-lambs, identical count to v.2's Trumpets set — showing that the day's severity (fasting, work-ban) is not matched by any increase in celebratory sacrifice; the grain and drink offerings, and the added sin-offering goat, follow in vv.9-11.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨םand you shall offerconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2mp (weqatal) · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (weqatal continuing the command line)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — the sacrificial obligation attached to the Atonement-day noticeקָרַב (H7126) Hiphil 'to bring near, present (an offering)', causative of 'to draw near'; the technical verb for formally presenting sacrifice, distinct from עָשָׂה used in v.2.
עֹלָ֤הa burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct objectעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; despite the day's austerity, the sacrificial menu is identical to Trumpets (v.2) and the eighth-day Atzeret (v.36) — one bull, one ram, seven lambs.
לַֽיהוָה֙to the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient of the offering)יְהוָה (H3068), the covenant name — even the day of national confession culminates in worship directed to YHWH.
רֵ֣יחַa soothingN m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Appositive noun phrase (describing the offering's effect)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'scent', construct before נִיחֹחַ; here in simple apposition (without לְ) to עֹלָה, a stylistic variant of the formula seen with לְ in v.2.
נִיחֹ֔חַaromaN m sg abs · נִיחֹחַ (H5207)Genitive complement (construct chain)נִיחֹחַ (H5207) 'soothing, pleasing'; completes rēaḥ nîḥōaḥ — the formula's constancy across every occasion in this chapter regardless of mood (blast, affliction, or festal joy).
פַּ֧רa bullN m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (in apposition, first animal)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; note this single Atonement-day bull is entirely SEPARATE from Leviticus 16's high priestly bull for his own household's sin — this is the congregation's calendar offering only.
בֶּןson ofN m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'son'; the recurring 'son of the herd' idiom for a young bull.
בָּקָ֛רthe herdN common sg abs · בָּקָר (H1241)Genitive complement (construct chain)בָּקָר (H1241) 'cattle, herd'; completes the standard idiom for a young bull.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying פַּראֶחָד (H259) 'one'; matches Trumpets' bull-count exactly (v.2).
אַ֣יִלa ramN m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the fixed single-ram pattern continues unbroken through this entire chapter.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying אַיִלאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the ram-count remains constant throughout.
כְּבָשִׂ֤יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; the seven-lamb count, again matching Trumpets exactly.
בְּנֵֽיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; with שָׁנָה, 'yearlings' — the required age-class for lambs.
שָׁנָה֙a yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
שִׁבְעָ֔הsevenAdj cardinal m sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Numeral modifying כְּבָשִׂיםשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; consistent lamb-count across the fixed-formula days of this chapter.
תְּמִימִ֖םunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying כְּבָשִׂים)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the universal fitness standard applied here to the lambs specifically before the predicate יִהְיוּ closes the sentence.
יִהְי֥וּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause, resuming after the appositive list)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing requirementהָיָה (H1961), here explicitly stating the animals' required condition, unlike v.2 where תְּמִימִם simply sits as an attributive without a separate verb.
לָכֶֽםfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object)Preposition לְ + 2mp suffix, closing the verse — the offering's quality standard is 'for you', the offering community.
9
וּמִנְחָתָ֔ם סֹ֖לֶת בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ לַפָּ֔ר שְׁנֵי֙ עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔ים לָאַ֖יִל הָאֶחָֽד
And their grain offering: fine flour mixed with oil, three-tenths for the bull, two-tenths for the one ram,
Repeats v.3's grain-measure formula verbatim for the Atonement-day bull and ram, showing the day's rigid conformity to the standard offering-grid despite its unique penitential character.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֔םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering component)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', repeating the v.3 formula for the Atonement-day bull and ram.
סֹ֖לֶתfine flourN f sg abs · סֹלֶת (H5560)Subject (apposition, defining the grain offering's material)סֹלֶת (H5560) 'fine flour', the choicest wheat flour required for every grain offering in this chapter.
בְּלוּלָ֣הmixedQal passive ptc f sg abs · בָּלַל (H1101)Attributive participle (modifying סֹלֶת)→ Passive participle: a completed state of preparationבָּלַל (H1101) 'to mix, mingle'; oil kneaded into the flour, the standard preparation formula repeated at every grain-offering mention.
בַשָּׁ֑מֶןwith oilprep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Adverbial prepositional phrase (instrument/means)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the consecrating agent blended into every grain offering.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֤הthreeAdj cardinal m sg abs · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Numeral modifying עֶשְׂרֹנִיםשָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'; the bull's grain measure, identical to v.3.
עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙tenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part'; the standard grain-offering measure unit.
לַפָּ֔רfor the bullprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', recalled from v.8 to specify the three-tenths allocation.
שְׁנֵי֙two ofAdj cardinal m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct (quantifying עֶשְׂרֹנִים)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; the ram's grain measure, identical scaling to v.3.
עֶשְׂרֹנִ֔יםtenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun, resumptive)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part', resumed for the ram's allocation.
לָאַ֖יִלfor the ramprep+art לָ + N m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', recalled to receive its two-tenths allocation.
הָאֶחָֽדthe oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive modifier (specifying 'the single ram' — a variant not present in v.3)אֶחָד (H259) with the article, 'the one (ram)'; an extra specification not found in the parallel Trumpets-day grain list (v.3), perhaps guarding against ambiguity since v.8 lists only one ram amid multiple animal types.
10
עִשָּׂרוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד לְשִׁבְעַ֖ת הַכְּבָשִֽׂים
a tenth, a tenth, for each lamb, of the seven lambs.
Completes the grain-measure list with the lamb's tenth, using bare-noun reduplication (עִשָּׂרוֹן עִשָּׂרוֹן) as a stylistic variant of v.4's אֶחָד-plus-article distributive — both idioms mean 'one-tenth apiece'.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
עִשָּׂרוֹן֙a tenthN m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (first of a repeated pair, distributive construction)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part'; the noun's simple repetition (rather than the אֶחָד + article of v.4) is itself the distributive idiom — 'a tenth, a tenth' = 'a tenth apiece'.
עִשָּׂר֔וֹןa tenthN m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (second of the repeated pair, completing the distributive)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) repeated a second time — Hebrew's characteristic way of expressing 'each, respectively' via bare noun reduplication.
לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂfor the lambprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', singular distributive base — 'per lamb'.
הָאֶחָ֑דeach oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive/distributive modifier ('the single one' = 'each')אֶחָד (H259) with the article, 'each single lamb' — combines here with the reduplicated עִשָּׂרוֹן for emphatic distributive clarity.
לְשִׁבְעַ֖תfor the seven ofprep לְ + Adj cardinal m sg constr · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial prepositional phrase (totaling the distributive)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; totals the distributive tenth back up to the full complement of seven lambs from v.8.
הַכְּבָשִֽׂיםthe lambsart + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Genitive complement (construct chain, definite reference back to v.8)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', definite plural, closing the grain-offering formula for the Atonement day's animals.
11
שְׂעִיר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד חַטָּ֑את מִלְּבַ֞ד חַטַּ֤את הַכִּפֻּרִים֙ וְעֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽם
one male goat as a sin offering, besides the sin offering of atonements, and the continual burnt offering and its grain offering, and their drink offerings.
Names TWO distinct sin offerings for this day: the calendar's own goat (parallel to v.5,22,28, etc.) explicitly 'besides' Leviticus 16's elaborate purgation rites for the sanctuary and people (חַטַּאת הַכִּפֻּרִים). This verse is the chapter's only explicit cross-reference to the Day of Atonement's unique atoning liturgy in Lev 16, layered here beneath the standard new-moon/tamid stack.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
שְׂעִירa goat ofN m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; construct before עִזִּים, the recurring sin-offering animal formula.
עִזִּ֥יםgoatsN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive complement (construct chain, species classification)עֵז (H5795) 'goat'; with שָׂעִיר names the species for this sin offering.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר עִזִּיםאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; a single goat for this day's sin offering, just as on Trumpets (v.5).
חַטָּ֑אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; notably, this animal is DISTINCT from Leviticus 16's elaborate Day-of-Atonement sin offerings (the bull for the priest, the two goats for the people) — this is the calendar's own separate communal sin offering, layered atop Leviticus 16's rites (see v.11).
מִלְּבַ֞דbesidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again clarifies this offering supplements the specially-named Day-of-Atonement sin offering(s) of Leviticus 16, not replaces them.
חַטַּ֤אתthe sin offering ofN f sg constr · חַטָּאת (H2403)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדחַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering', construct before הַכִּפֻּרִים — a unique double-name pointing specifically to Leviticus 16's elaborate purgation rites for this one day.
הַכִּפֻּרִים֙the atonementsart + N m pl abs · כִּפֻּרִים (H3725)Genitive complement (construct chain)כִּפֻּרִים (H3725) 'atonements, propitiations', plural of intensity from כפר; this is the phrase that gives the day its later Hebrew name יוֹם הַכִּפֻּרִים 'Yom Kippur' — the only place in ch. 29 the day's technical name-root surfaces.
וְעֹלַ֣תand the burnt offering ofconj וְ + N f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Coordinate genitive-chain head (continuing the list)עֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד — the standing daily offering stacked beneath this day's sacrifices too.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid; underneath every layer of festival sacrifice in this chapter.
וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own accompanying cereal offering.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽםand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'; closes the verse's stack of standing offerings that this day's special sacrifices supplement.
12
וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩ עָשָׂ֨ר י֜וֹם לַחֹ֣דֶשׁ הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗י מִֽקְרָא קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙ יִהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֔ם כָּל מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֣א תַעֲשׂ֑וּ וְחַגֹּתֶ֥ם חַ֛ג לַיהוָ֖ה שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים
And on the fifteenth day of the seventh month you shall have a holy convocation; you shall do no laborious work; and you shall celebrate a feast to the LORD seven days.
Opens Sukkot (Booths/Tabernacles), the seventh month's third and climactic festival — five days after Atonement's affliction, the mood flips to seven days of commanded joy (חָגַג, not merely 'do'). The famous descending bull-count begins in v.13 and runs through v.34, the chapter's structural centerpiece.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וּבַחֲמִשָּׁה֩and on the fifthconj וְ + prep בַּ + Adj cardinal f sg abs · חָמֵשׁ (H2568)Temporal prepositional phrase (first element of 'fifteenth')חָמֵשׁ (H2568) 'five'; combines with עָשָׂר ('-teen') to form 'fifteen' — Tishri 15, the start of Sukkot, five days after the Day of Atonement.
עָשָׂ֨ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fifteenth' (compound with חֲמִשָּׁה)עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (in the teens-forming suffix position); with חֲמִשָּׁה forms 'fifteen' — the date formula matching v.1's grammar exactly.
י֜וֹםdayN m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal noun (apposition, completing the date)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; completes 'the fifteenth day' — the date on which Sukkot's seven-day festival begins (Lev 23:34).
לַחֹ֣דֶשׁof the monthprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · חֹדֶשׁ (H2320)Genitival prepositional phrase completing the date formulaחֹדֶשׁ (H2320) 'month'; completes 'of the seventh month' for the date.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֗יthe seventhart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive adjective (modifying חֹדֶשׁ)שְׁבִיעִי (H7637) 'seventh'; the third festival in this single month — the seventh month's calendar reaches its climax with Sukkot.
מִֽקְרָאa convocation ofN m sg constr · מִקְרָא (H4744)Predicate nominative (subject complement)מִקְרָא (H4744) 'convocation'; the third time this exact formula opens a festival notice in this chapter (cf. vv.1,7).
קֹ֨דֶשׁ֙holyN m sg abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive complement of מִקְרָא (construct chain)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holiness'; unlike Atonement's austerity, this convocation opens seven days of joyful pilgrimage feast (cf. Deut 16:14-15, 'you shall rejoice').
יִהְיֶ֣הit shall beQal impf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing legal requirementהָיָה (H1961), the third occurrence of the calendar-formula verb opening a festival notice in this chapter.
לָכֶ֔םfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object)Preposition לְ + 2mp suffix, matching the frame of vv.1,7.
כָּלanyN m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct governing מְלֶאכֶת (universal quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; identical prohibition-formula to v.1's opening day.
מְלֶ֥אכֶתwork ofN f sg constr · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Direct object (construct chain head)מְלָאכָה (H4399) 'work, occupation'; construct before עֲבֹדָה, marking Sukkot's first day as work-restricted like Trumpets (v.1) and the eighth day (v.35), though the six intervening festival days permit ordinary labor.
עֲבֹדָ֖הlaborN f sg abs · עֲבֹדָה (H5656)Genitive complement (construct chain)עֲבֹדָה (H5656) 'service, labor'; the standard servile-work qualifier, matching v.1's identical phrase.
לֹ֣אnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negative particle (negating the verb)לֹא (H3808), standard negative particle; a fixed prohibition for the festival's first day.
תַעֲשׂ֑וּyou shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (prohibition, main clause)→ Yiqtol negated by לֹא: durative prohibitionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; closes the work-ban clause before the festival-celebration command begins.
וְחַגֹּתֶ֥םand you shall celebrateconj וְ + Qal perf 2mp (weqatal) · חָגַג (H2287)Predicate verb (weqatal continuing the main command line)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — a positive festal command following the negative work-banחָגַג (H2287) 'to celebrate a pilgrimage feast, keep festival', from the same root as חַג; the only command in this whole calendar explicitly framed as celebration rather than mere ritual performance.
חַ֛גa feastN m sg abs · חַג (H2282)Cognate accusative (object of חָגַג, intensifying the verb)חַג (H2282) 'pilgrimage feast', from חגג 'to make a circuit, dance, celebrate'; one of the three great pilgrimage feasts (with Passover and Weeks) in Ex 23:14-17 — 'the Feast' par excellence in later usage (1 Kgs 8:2,65).
לַיהוָ֖הto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient/dedicatee of the festival)יְהוָה (H3068); the feast, however joyous, remains covenantal worship directed to YHWH, not an autonomous harvest holiday.
שִׁבְעַ֥תseven ofAdj cardinal m sg constr · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Numeral in construct (quantifying יָמִים, adverbial accusative of duration)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; sets the festival's full length, matching the seven-day structure Leviticus 23:34-36,39-43 and Deuteronomy 16:13,15 both specify.
יָמִֽיםdaysN m pl abs · יוֹם (H3117)Adverbial accusative of duration (genitive complement, construct chain)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'; sets up the seven-day bull-countdown that follows in vv.13-34, the chapter's most distinctive structural feature.
13
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם עֹלָ֜ה אִשֵּׁ֨ה רֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה פָּרִ֧ים בְּנֵי בָקָ֛ר שְׁלֹשָׁ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵֽי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִ֥ם יִהְיֽוּ
And you shall offer a burnt offering, a fire offering, a soothing aroma to the LORD: thirteen young bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs — they shall be unblemished.
Sukkot day one's staggering animal total (13+2+14=29 animals, before the goat and standing offerings) opens the famous descending bull-count. The number thirteen, decreasing by exactly one per day through day seven (v.32's seven), yields a triangular total of 70 bulls — the number later rabbinic tradition (b.Sukkah 55b) reads as an offering for the seventy nations of the earth.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨םand you shall offerconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2mp (weqatal) · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (weqatal continuing the command line)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — attaches the sacrificial obligation to the festival noticeקָרַב (H7126) Hiphil 'to bring near, present'; opens the bull-countdown that will run, day by day, all the way to v.34.
עֹלָ֜הa burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct objectעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; the category-noun for the whole massive first-day list that follows — thirteen bulls, two rams, fourteen lambs, all consumed whole on the altar.
אִשֵּׁ֨הa fire offering ofN m sg constr · אִשֶּׁה (H801)Appositive noun in construct (describing the offering)אִשֶּׁה (H801) 'fire offering', here in construct before רֵיחַ — a fuller triple formula (burnt-offering / fire-offering-of-soothing-aroma) marking Sukkot's opening day as especially solemn before the countdown begins.
רֵ֤יחַa soothingN m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Genitive complement (construct chain)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'scent'; construct before נִיחֹחַ, completing the fuller triple offering-formula unique to this verse.
נִיחֹ֨חַ֙aromaN m sg abs · נִיחֹחַ (H5207)Genitive complement (construct chain)נִיחֹחַ (H5207) 'soothing, pleasing'; completes rēaḥ nîḥōaḥ for Sukkot's momentous first day.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient)יְהוָה (H3068); even the year's largest single burnt-offering event is offered wholly to YHWH.
פָּרִ֧יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull', now plural for the first time in the chapter; thirteen bulls open Sukkot's descending count (13,12,11,10,9,8,7 over days 1-7, totaling 70 — later Jewish tradition read the 70 as corresponding to the 70 nations of Gen 10, Sukkot's bulls offered on the world's behalf).
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; the recurring idiom for young bulls, now applied to a much larger herd.
בָקָ֛רthe herdN common sg abs · בָּקָר (H1241)Genitive complement (construct chain)בָּקָר (H1241) 'cattle, herd'; completes the standard idiom, now for a herd of thirteen.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֥הthreeAdj cardinal m sg abs · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Numeral (first element of 'thirteen')שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'; combines with עָשָׂר to form 'thirteen' — the count that will decrease by one each subsequent day of the festival.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'thirteen' (compound with שְׁלֹשָׁה)עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); with שְׁלֹשָׁה, 'thirteen' — the festival's largest single-day bull-offering in all of Israel's sacrificial calendar.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; unlike the descending bull-count, the ram-count stays fixed at two for all seven days of Sukkot (vv.14,17,20,23,26,29,32).
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; the ram-count's constant across all seven Sukkot days, unlike the bulls.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; fourteen lambs — double the seven of the 'single-day' festivals — stays fixed across all seven Sukkot days as well.
בְּנֵֽיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; with שָׁנָה, 'yearlings' for the lamb count.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר to form 'fourteen' — the lamb-count fixed for all seven days of Sukkot.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen' (compound with אַרְבָּעָה)עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); with אַרְבָּעָה, 'fourteen'.
תְּמִימִ֥םunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the fitness standard applies to the entire menagerie — bulls, rams, and lambs alike — thirteen-plus-two-plus-fourteen animals, every one physically flawless.
יִהְיֽוּthey shall beQal impf 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause, resuming after the animal list)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing requirementהָיָה (H1961), closing the verse by affirming the quality standard for this day's unprecedented number of sacrificial animals.
14
וּמִנְחָתָ֔ם סֹ֖לֶת בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשָּׁ֑מֶן שְׁלֹשָׁ֨ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜ים לַפָּ֣ר הָֽאֶחָ֗ד לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֤ה עָשָׂר֙ פָּרִ֔ים שְׁנֵ֤י עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙ לָאַ֣יִל הָֽאֶחָ֔ד לִשְׁנֵ֖י הָאֵילִֽם
And their grain offering: fine flour mixed with oil, three-tenths for each bull of the thirteen bulls, two-tenths for each ram of the two rams,
Applies the standard per-animal grain rate (3/2/1 tenths for bull/ram/lamb) across Sukkot's much larger herd, now using explicit distributive syntax (הָאֶחָד, 'each one') since the plural counts require it — unlike vv.3-4 where a single bull and single ram needed no such clarification.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֔םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering component)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the accompanying cereal offering must now be calculated per bull and per ram across the entire multiplying herd — a substantial administrative and agricultural burden the text takes for granted.
סֹ֖לֶתfine flourN f sg abs · סֹלֶת (H5560)Subject (apposition, defining the grain offering's material)סֹלֶת (H5560) 'fine flour'; the same choicest-quality flour required at every grain offering, now needed in vast quantity for thirteen bulls' worth.
בְּלוּלָ֣הmixedQal passive ptc f sg abs · בָּלַל (H1101)Attributive participle (modifying סֹלֶת)→ Passive participle: a completed state of preparationבָּלַל (H1101) 'to mix, mingle'; oil kneaded into the flour, repeated verbatim from every prior grain-offering verse.
בַשָּׁ֑מֶןwith oilprep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Adverbial prepositional phrase (instrument/means)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the consecrating agent, needed here at massive scale.
שְׁלֹשָׁ֨הthreeAdj cardinal m sg abs · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Numeral modifying עֶשְׂרֹנִיםשָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'; the standard three-tenths-per-bull rate, now to be multiplied by the distributive syntax that follows.
עֶשְׂרֹנִ֜יםtenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part'; the base measure unit before the distributive clause specifies 'per bull'.
לַפָּ֣רfor the bullprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (distributive allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', singular, the distributive base — 'per bull' — before הָאֶחָד and the total are given.
הָֽאֶחָ֗דeach oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive/distributive modifier ('the single one' = 'each')אֶחָד (H259) with the article, 'each single bull' — the distributive marker required now that a large plural count (thirteen) follows, unlike vv.3-4 where only one bull needed marking.
לִשְׁלֹשָׁ֤הfor the thirteenprep לְ + Adj cardinal m sg abs · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Adverbial prepositional phrase (totaling the distributive)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three', combining with עָשָׂר; totals the distributive tenth back up to the full herd of thirteen bulls named in v.13.
עָשָׂר֙-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'thirteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'thirteen', matching v.13's bull-count.
פָּרִ֔יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Genitive complement (construct chain, closing the distributive total)פַּר (H6499) 'bull'; the full total confirmed — thirty-nine tenths (three times thirteen) of flour for this day's bulls alone.
שְׁנֵ֤יtwo ofAdj cardinal m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct (quantifying עֶשְׂרֹנִים)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; the ram's standard grain measure now to be distributed across the two rams of v.13.
עֶשְׂרֹנִים֙tenthsN m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure noun, resumptive)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part', resumed for the ram's allocation.
לָאַ֣יִלfor the ramprep+art לָ + N m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (distributive allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', singular distributive base — 'per ram'.
הָֽאֶחָ֔דeach oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive/distributive modifier ('the single one' = 'each')אֶחָד (H259) with the article, 'each single ram' — the same distributive device used for the bulls above, needed now since two rams (not one) are in view.
לִשְׁנֵ֖יfor the two ofprep לְ + Adj cardinal m dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Adverbial prepositional phrase (totaling the distributive)שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; totals the distributive tenth back up to the pair of rams from v.13.
הָאֵילִֽםthe ramsart + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Genitive complement (construct chain, closing the distributive total)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', definite plural, anaphoric back to v.13; the lambs' own grain measure follows in v.15.
15
וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙ עִשָּׂר֔וֹן לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֑ד לְאַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר כְּבָשִֽׂים
and a tenth, a tenth, for each lamb, of the fourteen lambs;
Completes the grain-offering total for day one's fourteen lambs, using the same reduplicated distributive as v.10.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וְעִשָּׂרׄוֹן֙and a tenthconj וְ + N m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (first of a repeated distributive pair)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part'; repeated noun as distributive idiom, as in v.10, now for the lamb's grain measure.
עִשָּׂר֔וֹןa tenthN m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (second of the repeated pair)עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) repeated a second time, completing the reduplicated distributive.
לַכֶּ֖בֶשׂfor the lambprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', the distributive base — 'per lamb'.
הָאֶחָ֑דeach oneart + Adj cardinal m sg abs · הָאֶחָד (H259)Appositive/distributive modifier ('each')אֶחָד (H259) with the article, 'each single lamb' — reinforcing the reduplicated עִשָּׂרוֹן's distributive sense.
לְאַרְבָּעָ֥הfor the fourteenprep לְ + Adj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Adverbial prepositional phrase (totaling the distributive)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four', combining with עָשָׂר; totals the distributive tenth back up to the fourteen lambs of v.13.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen', matching v.13's lamb-count.
כְּבָשִֽׂיםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Genitive complement (construct chain, closing the distributive total)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', closing the entire grain-offering computation for Sukkot day one — thirty-nine tenths (bulls) plus four tenths (rams) plus fourteen tenths (lambs), all before the goat and standing offerings of v.16.
16
וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד חַטָּ֑את מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד מִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes day one's offering list with the standing sin-offering goat and the underlying tamid — the template each subsequent Sukkot day (vv.17-34) will repeat with only the bull-count changing.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּשְׂעִירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the recurring sin-offering formula, unbroken even on Sukkot's most lavish day.
עִזִּ֥יםgoatsN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive complement (construct chain, species classification)עֵז (H5795) 'goat'; with שָׂעִיר, names the species.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר עִזִּיםאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; a single goat suffices for the sin offering even amid the day's otherwise enormous animal count — the sin offering never scales with the burnt offering.
חַטָּ֑אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the fixed one-goat pattern recurring on every day of this entire calendar.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again clarifies the tamid stands beneath all Sukkot's special offerings too.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד — unlike v.6's fuller stack (new-moon + tamid), Sukkot's daily notices name only the tamid, since no new moon coincides with these dates.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid — the base offering beneath every day's Sukkot sacrifices, repeated at the end of each daily notice (vv.19,22,25,28,31,34,38).
מִנְחָתָ֖הּits grain offeringN f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (asyndetic, continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment, here without a fresh conjunction (asyndeton) — a minor stylistic compression compared to v.6,11's וּמִנְחָתָהּ.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular here (referring to the single tamid's own libation) — contrast the plural נִסְכֵּיהֶם used in vv.6,11,18 etc. for the combined libations of multiple animals.
17
וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשֵּׁנִ֗י פָּרִ֧ים בְּנֵי בָקָ֛ר שְׁנֵ֥ים עָשָׂ֖ר אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the second day: twelve young bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Twelve bulls — down one from day one's thirteen. From here, the daily notices compress: no restated עֹלָה/אִשֵּׁה/רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ formula, and (from v.18 on) the grain/drink offering is given as a compact summary rather than day one's fully-worked distributive computation (vv.14-15) — economy of style once the pattern is set.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וּבַיּ֣וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the second day's notice — the first turn of the descending bull-countdown, thirteen having become twelve.
הַשֵּׁנִ֗יthe secondart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שֵׁנִי (H8145)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)שֵׁנִי (H8145) 'second', ordinal from שְׁנַיִם 'two'; the first of six ordinal day-markers (2nd-7th) structuring the countdown.
פָּרִ֧יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category, no עֹלָה restated — see note)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; from day two onward the text drops the introductory וְהִקְרַבְתֶּם עֹלָה אִשֵּׁה רֵיחַ נִיחֹחַ לַיהוָה formula of vv.2,8,13 and states the animal list directly — an economy of style once the pattern is established.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; the recurring idiom for young bulls.
בָקָ֛רthe herdN common sg abs · בָּקָר (H1241)Genitive complement (construct chain)בָּקָר (H1241) 'cattle, herd'; completes the standard idiom.
שְׁנֵ֥יםtwelveAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral (first element of 'twelve')שְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; combines with עָשָׂר for 'twelve' — the count has dropped by exactly one from day one's thirteen, launching the descending pattern that continues through v.32.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'twelve'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'twelve bulls'.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed for day two, unaffected by the bull countdown.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged from day one (v.13).
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; the fourteen-lamb count remains fixed across all seven Sukkot days.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; with שָׁנָה, 'yearlings' for the lambs.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen' — unchanged lamb-count from day one.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the fitness standard maintained as the bull-count decreases day by day.
18
וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
And their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The compact grain/drink formula that will recur verbatim (with only 'bulls' count implicitly changing) at every remaining day of Sukkot (vv.21,24,27,30,33,37) — a marked contrast to day one's fully spelled-out arithmetic (vv.14-15).
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֣םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; from here the text switches to summary style — 'according to their number, as prescribed' — trusting the reader to apply the 3/2/1-tenths rate worked out in full for day one (vv.14-15).
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'; paired with the grain offering in the same compact formula repeated at every subsequent Sukkot day (vv.21,24,27,30,33,37).
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', now plural and definite — 'for the bulls', i.e. the twelve just named, without needing to restate the per-bull rate.
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — 'for the rams', the two just named.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — closing the three-part animal list this grain/drink summary covers.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count', from ספר 'to count'; instructs the priests to scale the grain/drink offering to however many bulls, rams, and lambs are actually present that day — the mechanism by which the changing bull-count each day automatically changes the flour and wine required too.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; refers back to the exact rate table worked out in vv.3-4,9-10,14-15 — 'according to the rule' means applying that fixed 3/2/1-tenths schedule to however many animals are offered.
19
וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד חַטָּ֑את מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽם
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering and its grain offering, and their drink offerings.
Closes day two's notice with the standing goat and tamid, structurally identical to day one's v.11 — the template now fully fixed for the remaining five days.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּשְׂעִירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, day two.
עִזִּ֥יםgoatsN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive complement (construct chain, species classification)עֵז (H5795) 'goat'; with שָׂעִיר, names the species.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר עִזִּיםאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the sin-offering goat-count stays flatly at one throughout the entire seven-day festival, regardless of the bull countdown.
חַטָּ֑אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the recurring category-noun.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד keeps the standing tamid distinct beneath each day's special sacrifices.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד — the daily offering formula repeated at the end of every Sukkot day's notice.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid, foundational beneath every festival day in Israel's calendar.
וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶֽםand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'; closes day two's notice, structurally identical to day one's v.11.
20
וּבַיּ֧וֹם הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֛י פָּרִ֥ים עַשְׁתֵּי עָשָׂ֖ר אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the third day: eleven bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Eleven bulls — the countdown's second step down. The uniquely-spelled numeral עַשְׁתֵּי עָשָׂר ('eleven', from a different root than the other teens) briefly varies the pattern's surface diction without touching the substance of the decrease.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וּבַיּ֧וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the third day's notice, continuing the descending bull-countdown.
הַשְּׁלִישִׁ֛יthe thirdart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)שְׁלִישִׁי (H7992) 'third', ordinal from שָׁלוֹשׁ 'three'.
פָּרִ֥יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; eleven this day, down from twelve — the countdown continues its steady decline.
עַשְׁתֵּיelevenAdj cardinal common pl constr · עַשְׁתֵּי (H6249)Numeral (first element of 'eleven')עַשְׁתֵּי (H6249) 'eleven' (irregular numeral base, distinct from the שְׁלֹשָׁה/שְׁנֵי pattern used elsewhere); combines with עָשָׂר for 'eleven' — Hebrew's numeral system has no fully regular teens, and this word's oddity is simply how 'eleven' is formed.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'eleven'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'eleven bulls'.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed, unaffected by the bull countdown.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged from day one.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; the fourteen-lamb count also remains fixed across all seven Sukkot days.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; with שָׁנָה, 'yearlings' for the lambs.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen' — unchanged lamb-count.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the fitness standard maintained even as the bull-count decreases day by day.
21
וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The compact grain/drink formula repeated verbatim for day three, only the (implicit) bull-count changing.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֣םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the compact summary formula, unchanged from day two (v.18).
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'; paired with the grain offering.
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', plural — for however many bulls day three actually has (eleven, per v.20).
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — for the two rams.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the fourteen lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the grain/drink offering to the actual daily bull-count.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; the fixed 3/2/1-tenths rate table applies again.
22
וּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes day three's notice with the standing goat and tamid, identical in form to day one's v.11.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּשְׂעִ֥ירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, day three.
חַטָּ֖אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; note this verse drops עִזִּים ('goats') found in vv.5,11,16,19 — a minor stylistic compression (שְׂעִיר חַטָּאת rather than שְׂעִיר עִזִּים חַטָּאת), meaning unchanged.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר חַטָּאתאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the sin-offering goat-count stays at one.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again isolates the standing tamid.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid, unbroken beneath every festival day.
וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular for the tamid's own libation.
23
וּבַיּ֧וֹם הָרְבִיעִ֛י פָּרִ֥ים עֲשָׂרָ֖ה אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵֽי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the fourth day: ten bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Ten bulls — the countdown's midpoint. Rams and lambs remain fixed at two and fourteen; only the bulls decline, one per day, halfway now from thirteen to seven.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבַיּ֧וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the fourth day's notice.
הָרְבִיעִ֛יthe fourthart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · רְבִיעִי (H7243)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)רְבִיעִי (H7243) 'fourth', ordinal from אַרְבַּע 'four'.
פָּרִ֥יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; ten this day, continuing the steady one-per-day decline.
עֲשָׂרָ֖הtenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עֲשָׂרָה (H6235)Numeral modifying פָּרִיםעֲשָׂרָה (H6235) 'ten'; for the first time in the countdown a simple round number, no teens-compound needed.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; fourteen, unchanged.
בְּנֵֽיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; 'yearlings'.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; unbroken fitness standard, halfway through the countdown.
24
מִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The recurring compact grain/drink formula, day four; note the verse opens asyndetically (no וְ prefix on מִנְחָתָם) unlike vv.18,21,27,30,33, a minor stylistic variation without semantic import.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִנְחָתָ֣םtheir grain offeringN f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary, asyndetic)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the recurring summary formula, here without a fresh conjunction.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'.
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', plural — for the day's ten bulls.
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — for the two rams.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the fourteen lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the offering to the daily bull-count.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; the fixed rate table applies again.
25
וּשְׂעִיר עִזִּ֥ים אֶחָ֖ד חַטָּ֑את מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד מִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes day four's notice with the unbroken goat-and-tamid template.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וּשְׂעִירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, day four.
עִזִּ֥יםgoatsN f pl abs · עֵז (H5795)Genitive complement (construct chain, species classification)עֵז (H5795) 'goat'; with שָׂעִיר, names the species.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר עִזִּיםאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; unchanged goat-count.
חַטָּ֑אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the recurring category-noun.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again isolates the standing tamid.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid, unbroken beneath every festival day.
מִנְחָתָ֖הּits grain offeringN f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (asyndetic, continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular for the tamid's own libation.
26
וּבַיּ֧וֹם הַחֲמִישִׁ֛י פָּרִ֥ים תִּשְׁעָ֖ה אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵֽי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the fifth day: nine bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Nine bulls — three steps into the countdown's second half.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבַיּ֧וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the fifth day's notice.
הַחֲמִישִׁ֛יthe fifthart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · חֲמִישִׁי (H2549)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)חֲמִישִׁי (H2549) 'fifth', ordinal from חָמֵשׁ 'five'.
פָּרִ֥יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; nine this day, continuing the steady decline.
תִּשְׁעָ֖הnineAdj cardinal m sg abs · תֵּשַׁע (H8672)Numeral modifying פָּרִיםתֵּשַׁע (H8672) 'nine'; another simple round number in the countdown.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; fourteen, unchanged.
בְּנֵֽיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; 'yearlings'.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; unbroken fitness standard.
27
וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The recurring compact grain/drink formula, day five.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֣םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the recurring summary formula.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'.
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', plural — for the day's nine bulls.
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — for the two rams.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the fourteen lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the offering to the daily bull-count.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; the fixed rate table applies again.
28
וּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes day five's notice with the unbroken goat-and-tamid template.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּשְׂעִ֥ירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, day five.
חַטָּ֖אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; note the compressed שְׂעִיר חַטָּאת (no עִזִּים), as also in vv.22,28,31,34,38.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר חַטָּאתאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; unchanged goat-count.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again isolates the standing tamid.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid, unbroken beneath every festival day.
וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular for the tamid's own libation.
29
וּבַיּ֧וֹם הַשִּׁשִּׁ֛י פָּרִ֥ים שְׁמֹנָ֖ה אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the sixth day: eight bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Eight bulls — one more step down, with only the seventh day's seven remaining before the countdown ends.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבַיּ֧וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the sixth day's notice.
הַשִּׁשִּׁ֛יthe sixthart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שִׁשִּׁי (H8345)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)שִׁשִּׁי (H8345) 'sixth', ordinal from שֵׁשׁ 'six'.
פָּרִ֥יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; eight this day, one step from the countdown's final seven.
שְׁמֹנָ֖הeightAdj cardinal m sg abs · שְׁמֹנָה (H8083)Numeral modifying פָּרִיםשְׁמֹנָה (H8083) 'eight'; the countdown's penultimate figure.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; fourteen, unchanged.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; 'yearlings'.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; unbroken fitness standard.
30
וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The recurring compact grain/drink formula, day six.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֣םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the recurring summary formula.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'.
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', plural — for the day's eight bulls.
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — for the two rams.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the fourteen lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the offering to the daily bull-count.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; the fixed rate table applies again.
31
וּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד מִנְחָתָ֖הּ וּנְסָכֶֽיהָ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offerings.
Closes day six's notice; the plural וּנְסָכֶיהָ ('her libations', i.e. the tamid's) is a minor morphological variant of the singular וְנִסְכָּהּ used in vv.16,22,25,28,34,38 — same referent, different number agreement, no change in meaning.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּשְׂעִ֥ירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, day six.
חַטָּ֖אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the recurring category-noun.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר חַטָּאתאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; unchanged goat-count.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again isolates the standing tamid.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid, unbroken beneath every festival day.
מִנְחָתָ֖הּits grain offeringN f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (asyndetic, continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וּנְסָכֶֽיהָand its drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', here plural in form (וּנְסָכֶיהָ) though referring to the same single tamid's libation as the singular form elsewhere.
32
וּבַיּ֧וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֛י פָּרִ֥ים שִׁבְעָ֖ה אֵילִ֣ם שְׁנָ֑יִם כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה אַרְבָּעָ֥ה עָשָׂ֖ר תְּמִימִֽם
And on the seventh day: seven bulls, two rams, fourteen yearling lambs, unblemished,
Seven bulls — the countdown's final term, completing the sequence 13,12,11,10,9,8,7. Summed (13+12+11+10+9+8+7), the seven days yield exactly seventy bulls, the figure b.Sukkah 55b reads as an offering on behalf of the seventy nations of the earth (cf. the Table of Nations, Gen 10).
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וּבַיּ֧וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; opens the seventh and final day of Sukkot's descending bull-count.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֛יthe seventhart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)שְׁבִיעִי (H7637) 'seventh'; the last of the ordinal series 2nd-7th (vv.17,20,23,26,29,32), closing the countdown proper before the eighth-day Atzeret of v.35.
פָּרִ֥יםbullsN m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal category)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; seven — the countdown's final, lowest figure, matching the day-count itself (seven bulls on the seventh day).
שִׁבְעָ֖הsevenAdj cardinal m sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Numeral modifying פָּרִיםשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the countdown's floor, one bull fewer per day having run its full seven-day course from thirteen.
אֵילִ֣םramsN m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal category)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the two-ram count remains fixed to the very end of the festival.
שְׁנָ֑יִםtwoAdj cardinal m dual abs · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral modifying אֵילִםשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; unchanged.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; fourteen, unchanged to the last day of the countdown.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; 'yearlings'.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
אַרְבָּעָ֥הfourAdj cardinal m sg abs · אַרְבַּע (H702)Numeral (first element of 'fourteen')אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'; combines with עָשָׂר, 'fourteen'.
עָשָׂ֖ר-teenAdj cardinal m sg abs · עָשָׂר (H6240)Numeral completing 'fourteen'עָשָׂר (H6240) 'ten' (teens-forming); completes 'fourteen lambs'.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the fitness standard maintained through the countdown's final day.
33
וּמִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּהֶ֡ם לַ֠פָּרִים לָאֵילִ֧ם וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כְּמִשְׁפָּטָֽם
and their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bulls, for the rams, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed.
The recurring compact grain/drink formula, day seven — closing the countdown's arithmetic with the same fixed rate applied one final time.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וּמִנְחָתָ֣םand their grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the recurring summary formula, its final occurrence for the countdown proper.
וְנִסְכֵּהֶ֡םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'; note the defectively-spelled וְנִסְכֵּהֶם (rather than וְנִסְכֵּיהֶם elsewhere), a minor orthographic variant with no difference in meaning.
לַ֠פָּרִיםfor the bullsprep+art לַ + N m pl abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', plural — for the day's seven bulls, the countdown's last and lowest figure.
לָאֵילִ֧םfor the ramsprep+art לָ + N m pl abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', plural — for the two rams.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the fourteen lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the offering to the daily bull-count, here at its lowest for the countdown.
כְּמִשְׁפָּטָֽםas their ordinanceprep כְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; here with a 3mp suffix ('their ordinance') rather than the bare כַּמִּשְׁפָּט used elsewhere — a minor stylistic variant closing the countdown's arithmetic.
34
וּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד מִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes the seven-day Sukkot countdown with the same goat-and-tamid template that has closed every one of its days (vv.11,16,19,22,25,28,31) — the eighth day's separate, distinct convocation follows in v.35.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּשְׂעִ֥ירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the unbroken sin-offering formula, closing Sukkot's seven days.
חַטָּ֖אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the recurring category-noun, unbroken across all seven days.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר חַטָּאתאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; unchanged goat-count to the very end of the festival.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד again isolates the standing tamid, one final time for Sukkot proper.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid — unbroken through the entire seventh-month calendar.
מִנְחָתָ֖הּits grain offeringN f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (asyndetic, continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular for the tamid's own libation — closes Sukkot's seven-day countdown proper.
35
בַּיּוֹם֙ הַשְּׁמִינִ֔י עֲצֶ֖רֶת תִּהְיֶ֣ה לָכֶ֑ם כָּל מְלֶ֥אכֶת עֲבֹדָ֖ה לֹ֥א תַעֲשֽׂוּ
On the eighth day you shall have a solemn assembly; you shall do no laborious work.
The eighth day (עֲצֶרֶת, 'Atzeret') is legally a SEPARATE festival from Sukkot's seven days, not their extension — its offering set (v.36) reverts to the modest bull/ram/seven-lambs pattern of Trumpets and Atonement, a sharp drop from day seven's seven bulls. Lev 23:36 and Neh 8:18 confirm it as a distinct 'solemn assembly' closing the entire seventh-month festival cycle.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
בַּיּוֹם֙on the dayprep+art בַּ + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phrase (fronted setting)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; note no leading conjunction וְ here (unlike vv.17,20,23,26,29,32) — the asyndeton marks this as a genuinely NEW, separate occasion, not another link in the Sukkot countdown chain.
הַשְּׁמִינִ֔יthe eighthart + Adj ordinal m sg abs · שְׁמִינִי (H8066)Attributive adjective (modifying יוֹם)שְׁמִינִי (H8066) 'eighth', ordinal from שְׁמֹנֶה 'eight'; the day immediately following Sukkot's seven, but its own distinct festival — Tishri 22.
עֲצֶ֖רֶתa solemn assemblyN f sg abs · עֲצֶרֶת (H6116)Predicate nominative (subject complement)עֲצֶרֶת (H6116) 'solemn assembly, closing festival', from עצר 'to restrain, hold back, detain'; the term's range spans a concluding sacred gathering (here and after Passover-week in some traditions) to later denoting Shavuot itself in rabbinic Hebrew (Atzeret = Pentecost) — its core sense is a day that 'holds' the people together in assembly, closing out a festival cycle.
תִּהְיֶ֣הit shall beQal impf 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing legal requirementהָיָה (H1961), agreeing in feminine with עֲצֶרֶת; the calendar-formula verb closing out the whole festival cycle.
לָכֶ֑םfor youprep לְ + 2mp suffixDative of advantage (indirect object)Preposition לְ + 2mp suffix, matching the frame of vv.1,7,12.
כָּלanyN m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct governing מְלֶאכֶת (universal quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; the same total prohibition-formula as vv.1,12.
מְלֶ֥אכֶתwork ofN f sg constr · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Direct object (construct chain head)מְלָאכָה (H4399) 'work, occupation'; construct before עֲבֹדָה, marking the eighth day work-restricted like every other convocation day in this chapter.
עֲבֹדָ֖הlaborN f sg abs · עֲבֹדָה (H5656)Genitive complement (construct chain)עֲבֹדָה (H5656) 'service, labor'; the standard servile-work qualifier.
לֹ֥אnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negative particle (negating the verb)לֹא (H3808), standard negative particle; a fixed prohibition.
תַעֲשֽׂוּyou shall doQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (prohibition, main clause)→ Yiqtol negated by לֹא: durative prohibitionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; closes the eighth day's legal notice before its offering-list begins in v.36.
36
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨ם עֹלָ֜ה אִשֵּׁ֨ה רֵ֤יחַ נִיחֹ֨חַ֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה פַּ֥ר אֶחָ֖ד אַ֣יִל אֶחָ֑ד כְּבָשִׂ֧ים בְּנֵי שָׁנָ֛ה שִׁבְעָ֖ה תְּמִימִֽם
And you shall offer a burnt offering, a fire offering, a soothing aroma to the LORD: one bull, one ram, seven yearling lambs, unblemished.
The eighth day's animal total collapses back to the modest bull/ram/seven-lambs baseline shared with Trumpets (v.2) and Atonement (v.8) — a dramatic drop from day seven's seven bulls, underscoring that Atzeret is legally its own occasion, not a continuation of Sukkot's scaling countdown.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְהִקְרַבְתֶּ֨םand you shall offerconj וְ + Hiphil perf 2mp (weqatal) · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (weqatal continuing the command line)→ Weqatal: volitional continuation — attaches the sacrificial obligation to the eighth-day noticeקָרַב (H7126) Hiphil 'to bring near, present'; the same formal presentation verb used to open Trumpets (v.8) and Sukkot day one (v.13).
עֹלָ֜הa burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct objectעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; the category-noun for the day's now-modest animal list.
אִשֵּׁ֨הa fire offering ofN m sg constr · אִשֶּׁה (H801)Appositive noun in construct (describing the offering)אִשֶּׁה (H801) 'fire offering', construct before רֵיחַ — the same fuller triple formula used to open Sukkot day one (v.13), marking the eighth day too as a major, formally-announced occasion despite its small offering count.
רֵ֤יחַa soothingN m sg constr · רֵיחַ (H7381)Genitive complement (construct chain)רֵיחַ (H7381) 'scent'; construct before נִיחֹחַ, completing the triple offering-formula.
נִיחֹ֨חַ֙aromaN m sg abs · נִיחֹחַ (H5207)Genitive complement (construct chain)נִיחֹחַ (H5207) 'soothing, pleasing'; completes rēaḥ nîḥōaḥ, the last occurrence of this formula in the chapter.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient)יְהוָה (H3068); closing out the seventh-month calendar exactly as it began, directed wholly to YHWH.
פַּ֥רa bullN m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Direct object (first animal, singular again)פַּר (H6499) 'young bull'; back to a single bull, down from seven the day before — the sharpest one-day drop in the entire chapter, marking Atzeret's distinct legal identity.
אֶחָ֖דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying פַּראֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the bull-count returns to its Trumpets/Atonement baseline.
אַ֣יִלa ramN m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Direct object (second animal)אַיִל (H352) 'ram'; the fixed single-ram pattern, unchanged from the very first verse's offering.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying אַיִלאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the ram-count's constancy through the entire chapter, unbroken to its final offering.
כְּבָשִׂ֧יםlambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (third animal category)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb'; back down to seven — half of Sukkot's fourteen — matching Trumpets and Atonement precisely.
בְּנֵיsons ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct (age-classification phrase)בֵּן (H1121) 'sons of'; 'yearlings'.
שָׁנָ֛הa yearN f sg abs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement (age-classification, construct chain)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'year'; completes 'yearling lambs'.
שִׁבְעָ֖הsevenAdj cardinal m sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Numeral modifying כְּבָשִׂיםשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the lamb-count returns to its baseline, matching vv.2,8.
תְּמִימִֽםunblemishedAdj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective (modifying the whole animal list)תָּמִים (H8549) 'complete, unblemished'; the fitness standard maintained one final time as the offering calendar closes.
37
מִנְחָתָ֣ם וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֗ם לַפָּ֨ר לָאַ֧יִל וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛ים בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖ם כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽט
Their grain offering and their drink offerings for the bull, for the ram, and for the lambs, according to their number, as prescribed;
The compact grain/drink formula, now for the eighth day's single bull and ram — grammatically identical in form to the Sukkot-day summaries (vv.18,21,24,27,30,33) though the animals it covers have shrunk back to baseline.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
מִנְחָתָ֣םtheir grain offeringN f sg constr/3mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object (new clause, grain-offering summary, asyndetic)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the recurring summary formula, here without a fresh conjunction.
וְנִסְכֵּיהֶ֗םand their drink offeringsconj וְ + N m pl constr/3mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct objectנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering'.
לַפָּ֨רfor the bullprep+art לַ + N m sg abs · פַּר (H6499)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)פַּר (H6499) 'bull', singular again — matching the day's single bull.
לָאַ֧יִלfor the ramprep+art לָ + N m sg abs · אַיִל (H352)Adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)אַיִל (H352) 'ram', singular — for the day's one ram.
וְלַכְּבָשִׂ֛יםand for the lambsconj וְ + prep+art לַ + N m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Coordinate adverbial prepositional phrase (allocation)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'lamb', plural — for the seven lambs.
בְּמִסְפָּרָ֖םaccording to their numberprep בְּ + N m sg constr/3mp suffix · מִסְפָּר (H4557)Adverbial prepositional phrase (standard/manner)מִסְפָּר (H4557) 'number, count'; scales the grain/drink offering to the (now modest) count of animals present.
כַּמִּשְׁפָּֽטas prescribedprep כַּ + N m sg abs · מִשְׁפָּט (H4941)Adverbial prepositional phrase (manner/standard)מִשְׁפָּט (H4941) 'ordinance, rule'; the fixed rate table, its last application in the chapter.
38
וּשְׂעִ֥יר חַטָּ֖את אֶחָ֑ד מִלְּבַד֙ עֹלַ֣ת הַתָּמִ֔יד וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּ וְנִסְכָּֽהּ
and one male goat as a sin offering, besides the continual burnt offering, its grain offering and its drink offering.
Closes the eighth day's notice with the same goat-and-tamid template used at every offering point in the chapter — the entire seventh-month calendar's final sacrificial detail before the summarizing colophon of v.39.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּשְׂעִ֥ירand a goat ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · שָׂעִיר (H8163)Direct object (new clause, sin-offering component)שָׂעִיר (H8163) 'he-goat'; the sin-offering formula's final occurrence in the chapter.
חַטָּ֖אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate accusative (apposition, specifying sacrificial category)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the recurring category-noun, its last mention in this chapter.
אֶחָ֑דoneAdj cardinal m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying שְׂעִיר חַטָּאתאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; unchanged goat-count, from Trumpets (v.5) to this final day.
מִלְּבַד֙besidesprep מִן + prep לְ + N m sg constr · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing an additive clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; מִלְּבַד's final appearance, still faithfully isolating the tamid beneath every special sacrifice to the very end of the calendar.
עֹלַ֣תthe burnt offering ofN f sg constr · עֹלָה (H5930)Genitive complement of מִלְּבַדעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', construct before הַתָּמִיד.
הַתָּמִ֔ידthe continual offeringart + N m sg abs · תָּמִיד (H8548)Genitive complement (construct chain)תָּמִיד (H8548) 'continual, regular', the tamid — foundational through the entire seventh-month calendar and, by extension, the whole liturgical year.
וּמִנְחָתָ֖הּand its grain offeringconj וְ + N f sg constr/3fs suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate direct object (continuing the list)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', the tamid's own cereal accompaniment.
וְנִסְכָּֽהּand its drink offeringconj וְ + N m sg constr/3fs suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate direct object (closing the מִלְּבַד list)נֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', singular for the tamid's own libation — the last word of the chapter's sacrificial legislation proper before the closing colophon (v.39).
39
אֵ֛לֶּה תַּעֲשׂ֥וּ לַיהוָ֖ה בְּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶ֑ם לְבַ֨ד מִנִּדְרֵיכֶ֜ם וְנִדְבֹתֵיכֶ֗ם לְעֹלֹֽתֵיכֶם֙ וּלְמִנְחֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔ם וּלְנִסְכֵּיכֶ֖ם וּלְשַׁלְמֵיכֶֽם
These you shall offer to the LORD at your appointed times, besides your vows and your freewill offerings, for your burnt offerings, and for your grain offerings, and for your drink offerings, and for your peace offerings.
The closing formula for the ENTIRE festival calendar of chs. 28-29, not just ch. 29 — 'these' points back through Sabbath, new moon, Passover, Firstfruits, Weeks, Trumpets, Atonement, Sukkot, and Atzeret. Crucially it distinguishes the fixed communal calendar just legislated from Israel's separate, voluntary cultic life (vows, freewill offerings, peace offerings) — the public liturgical rhythm does not exhaust or replace private devotion.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
אֵ֛לֶּהthesedemonstrative pronoun common pl · אֵלֶּה (H428)Direct object, fronted for emphasis (resumes the whole calendar)אֵלֶּה (H428) 'these'; a sweeping backward reference to the entire festival calendar of chs. 28-29, not merely ch. 29's contents.
תַּעֲשׂ֥וּyou shall offerQal impf 2mp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause, summarizing command)→ Yiqtol: imperfective/modal — standing legal requirement, summarizing the whole calendarעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; here 'offer, perform' — the same verb that opened the chapter's individual commands (vv.1,7,12) now closes the entire unit.
לַיהוָ֖הto the LORDprep לְ + proper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Prepositional phrase (recipient)יְהוָה (H3068), the covenant name closing the entire chapter exactly as its every offering has — all directed to YHWH alone.
בְּמוֹעֲדֵיכֶ֑םat your appointed timesprep בְּ + N m pl constr/2mp suffix · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Adverbial prepositional phrase (temporal, summarizing frame)מוֹעֵד (H4150) 'appointed time, fixed season', from יעד 'to appoint'; the umbrella term for every festival just legislated (mô‘ădîm) — the same word Leviticus 23 uses as its chapter title for the sacred calendar.
לְבַ֨דbesidesprep לְ + N m sg abs · בַּד (H905)Prepositional phrase introducing the closing exception clauseבַּד (H905) 'part, separation'; לְבַד here does the same additive work as מִלְּבַד throughout the chapter, but at the macro level — the whole fixed calendar stands 'apart from' Israel's voluntary offerings.
מִנִּדְרֵיכֶ֜םfrom your vowsprep מִן + N m pl constr/2mp suffix · נֶדֶר (H5088)Prepositional phrase (exception, first of four voluntary-offering categories)נֶדֶר (H5088) 'vow'; a voluntary, conditional pledge to bring an offering — private devotion distinguished here from the fixed public calendar (cf. Lev 27; Num 30).
וְנִדְבֹתֵיכֶ֗םand your freewill offeringsconj וְ + N f pl constr/2mp suffix · נְדָבָה (H5071)Coordinate prepositional-phrase object (second exception category)נְדָבָה (H5071) 'freewill offering, spontaneous gift', from נדב 'to be willing, incite'; unlike a vow, given with no prior obligation at all — pure spontaneous generosity.
לְעֹלֹֽתֵיכֶם֙for your burnt offeringsprep לְ + N f pl constr/2mp suffix · עֹלָה (H5930)Prepositional phrase (specifying the sacrificial categories the exception covers)עֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering', now plural and possessive — 'your burnt offerings' brought voluntarily, as distinct from the fixed communal ones legislated throughout chs. 28-29.
וּלְמִנְחֹ֣תֵיכֶ֔םand for your grain offeringsconj וְ + prep לְ + N f pl constr/2mp suffix · מִנְחָה (H4503)Coordinate prepositional phraseמִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering', plural possessive — voluntary cereal gifts accompanying private vows and freewill offerings.
וּלְנִסְכֵּיכֶ֖םand for your drink offeringsconj וְ + prep לְ + N m pl constr/2mp suffix · נֶסֶךְ (H5262)Coordinate prepositional phraseנֶסֶךְ (H5262) 'libation, drink offering', plural possessive — the voluntary counterpart to the fixed libations detailed throughout the chapter.
וּלְשַׁלְמֵיכֶֽםand for your peace offeringsconj וְ + prep לְ + N m pl constr/2mp suffix · שֶׁלֶם (H8002)Coordinate prepositional phrase (final item, closing the chapter)שֶׁלֶם (H8002) 'peace/fellowship offering', from שָׁלוֹם 'wholeness, peace'; uniquely a shared meal offering (worshiper, priest, and God all partake) — its appearance only here, in the closing colophon, reminds the reader that Israel's larger sacrificial life includes communal fellowship offerings absent from the fixed calendar of chs. 28-29 entirely.