Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Leviticus, Chapter 14ויקרא 14

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Restoration begins outside the camp: one bird is slain, the living bird dipped in its blood and released over the open field, carrying impurity away alive. On the eighth day, blood and oil touch the healed man's ear, thumb, and toe — Aaron's ordination gesture. A house, too, can bear the plague, cured by scraping or ended by demolition.

Translation & textual notes

Leviticus 14 is textually stable in the MT and preserves what is almost certainly a very old ritual complex, visible in its seams. The two-bird rite of vv. 1-7 has no other legislative parallel in the Torah outside the scapegoat of ch. 16, and its logic - a living creature dipped in the blood of a slain one and released 'over the face of the open field' - is pre-priestly in flavor, absorbed rather than composed by P; the chapter never explains how the צָרַעַת departs, only how its departure is certified and ritually enacted. The eighth-day rite of vv. 10-20 deliberately quotes the ordination procedure of ch. 8 (blood and oil on right ear, thumb, and big toe, Lev 8:23-24), an equation ancient and modern readers alike have found startling: the healed מְצֹרָע is re-consecrated as though newly set apart, not merely readmitted. That the reparation offering (אָשָׁם) is required here, where no property has been damaged and no sacred thing profaned, is itself a crux - most likely the disease itself is treated as an encroachment on holy order requiring reparation, not merely purification. The graded concession for the poor (vv. 21-32) matches the pattern of 5:7-13 and reappears at Luke 2:24. The house-plague unit (vv. 33-53) is often judged a later, land-oriented extension - it presupposes settlement in Canaan (v. 34) and mirrors the skin-plague procedure so closely (quarantine, seven-day waits, priestly inspection, the same two-bird rite) that many read it as a deliberate structural doublet. Most striking, and not to be softened: v. 34 attributes the house-plague to YHWH directly - 'when I put a mark of צָרַעַת in a house' - the one place in the chapter where the affliction's origin is named rather than left silent. The colophon (vv. 54-57) closes chs. 13-14 as a single תּוֹרָה.

1

וַיְדַבֵּ֥ר יְהוָ֖ה אֶל מֹשֶׁ֥ה לֵּאמֹֽר

And YHWH spoke to Moses, saying:

Speech-introduction formula opening the chapterasyndeton
The standard wayyiqtol divine-speech formula that launches a new legal unit, marking the whole of ch. 14 as direct YHWH instruction delivered through Moses.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַיְדַבֵּ֥רspokePiel wayyiqtol 3ms · דָּבַר (H1696)Predicate verb (main clause) — narrative wayyiqtol→ Wayyiqtol: narrative-sequential, launching the divine-speech formulaדָּבַר, H1696, Piel 'to speak'; the recurring formula introducing divine legal instruction to Moses.
יְהוָ֖הYHWHProper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Subjectיְהוָה, H3068, the covenant name of God; subject of the speech-formula verb.
אֶלtoPreposition · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase marking addresseeאֶל, H413, preposition 'to/toward'; marks Moses as recipient of the speech.
מֹשֶׁ֥הMosesProper noun · מֹשֶׁה (H4872)Object of preposition (addressee)מֹשֶׁה, H4872, proper name Moses; addressee of divine speech.
לֵּאמֹֽרsayingQal infinitive construct + ל · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive of speech introducing direct discourse→ Infinitive construct: marks the onset of quoted speech ('saying')אָמַר, H559, Qal 'to say'; the standard formulaic infinitive that opens reported divine speech.
2

זֹ֤את תִּֽהְיֶה֙ תּוֹרַ֣ת הַמְּצֹרָ֔ע בְּי֖וֹם טָהֳרָת֑וֹ וְהוּבָ֖א אֶל הַכֹּהֵֽן

This shall be the instruction for the person with scale-disease on the day of his cleansing: he shall be brought to the priest,

Heading (casus pendens) introducing the ritual procedureasyndeton
The זֹאת תִּהְיֶה תּוֹרַת formula titles the pericope. The passive וְהוּבָא ('he shall be brought') begins the procedure, though the priest must actually go out to him (v.3) — the man cannot yet approach holy space on his own.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
זֹ֤אתthisDemonstrative pronoun fs · זֹאת (H2063)Subject (casus pendens, resumed by תִּהְיֶה)זֹאת, H2063, feminine demonstrative 'this'; opens the heading formula, anticipating תּוֹרַת.
תִּֽהְיֶה֙shall beQal imperfect 3fs · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Imperfect: modal/prescriptive, stating the standing regulationהָיָה, H1961, Qal 'to be, become'; here the copular/prescriptive 'shall be' of legal formulation.
תּוֹרַ֣תinstruction ofNoun fs construct · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Predicate nominative, construct headתּוֹרָה, H8451, 'instruction/law'; construct governing הַמְּצֹרָע, 'the law/procedure of the leper.'
הַמְּצֹרָ֔עthe diseased oneArticle + Pual participle ms · צָרַע (H6879)Attributive participle (construct object, substantival: 'the leprous person')→ Participle: substantival, denoting the person's ongoing conditionצָרַע, H6879, Pual participle 'stricken/diseased'; substantivized as the technical term for the person with צָרַעַת.
בְּי֖וֹםin the day ofPreposition + noun ms construct · יוֹם (H3117)Adverbial construct phrase (temporal)יוֹם, H3117, 'day'; construct with טָהֳרָתוֹ, 'on the day of his cleansing.'
טָהֳרָת֑וֹhis cleansingNoun construct + 3ms suffix · טָהֳרָה (H2893)Object of preposition (genitive: possessive suffix)טָהֳרָה, H2893, 'cleansing, purification'; with 3ms suffix, 'his purification' — the moment health is certified.
וְהוּבָ֖אand he shall be broughtConjunction + Hophal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · בּוֹא (H935)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction (passive)→ Weqatal (Hophal): sequential, passive - 'he shall be brought'בּוֹא, H935, Hophal 'to be brought/led'; passive counterpart to Qal 'come, enter' — the man is conveyed to the priest.
אֶלtoPreposition · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל, H413, 'to/toward'; marks the priest as the goal of the bringing.
הַכֹּהֵֽןthe priestArticle + noun ms · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Object of prepositionכֹּהֵן, H3548, 'priest'; the officiant who must certify and perform the rite.
3

וְיָצָא֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן אֶל מִח֖וּץ לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וְרָאָה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְהִנֵּ֛ה נִרְפָּ֥א נֶֽגַע הַצָּרַ֖עַת מִן הַצָּרֽוּעַ

and the priest shall go outside the camp, and the priest shall examine him, and behold, if the mark of scale-disease has been healed in the diseased person,

Protasis — the priest's inspection establishing the precondition for the riteוְ (sequential)
The priest goes OUT to the excluded man; his examination (רָאָה) and the presentative וְהִנֵּה frame the certified verdict. The Niphal נִרְפָּא ('has been healed') is passive — the priest certifies a healing already accomplished, he does not cause it.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְיָצָא֙and he shall go outConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · יָצָא (H3318)Weqatal opening the procedural sequence→ Weqatal: sequential instruction, the priest's first required actionיָצָא, H3318, Qal 'to go out'; the priest must exit the camp to the excluded man - purity cannot be brought inward until certified.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestArticle + noun ms · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subjectכֹּהֵן, H3548, 'priest'; subject of וְיָצָא.
אֶלtoPreposition · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל, H413, 'to/toward'; governs מִחוּץ לַמַּחֲנֶה.
מִח֖וּץoutsidePreposition + noun ms · חוּץ (H2351)Adverbial phrase (spatial), object of אֶלחוּץ, H2351, 'outside, exterior'; with מִן-preposition, 'to the outside of' — the space beyond the camp boundary.
לַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑הthe campPreposition + article + noun · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Object of preposition (in construct-like phrase 'outside the camp')מַחֲנֶה, H4264, 'camp'; the boundary of the community from which the מְצֹרָע was excluded (13:46).
וְרָאָה֙and he shall see/examineConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · רָאָה (H7200)Weqatal continuing the sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the priest's diagnostic actרָאָה, H7200, Qal 'to see, examine'; the priest's technical inspection verb throughout chs. 13-14.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestArticle + noun ms · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subjectכֹּהֵן, H3548, 'priest'; repeated subject, emphasizing the priest as sole examiner.
וְהִנֵּ֛הand beholdConjunction + interjection · הִנֵּה (H2009)Discourse marker introducing a perceived state (attention-focusing particle)הִנֵּה, H2009, presentative particle 'behold, look'; marks the priest's visual confirmation as vivid/immediate.
נִרְפָּ֥אis healedNiphal perfect 3ms · רָפָא (H7495)Predicate verb of embedded nominal/verbal clause (object of הִנֵּה)→ Perfective (Niphal, passive): a completed state - 'has been healed'רָפָא, H7495, Niphal 'to be healed'; passive - the disease's departure, not the healing agent, is in view.
נֶֽגַעthe mark/plague ofNoun ms construct · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of נִרְפָּא (construct head)נֶגַע, H5061, 'stroke, mark, plague'; construct with הַצָּרַעַת, 'the mark of scale-disease.'
הַצָּרַ֖עַתthe scale-diseaseArticle + noun fs · צָרַעַת (H6883)Genitive (construct with נֶגַע)צָרַעַת, H6883, technical term for the skin/fabric/house disease of chs. 13-14, often (imprecisely) rendered 'leprosy.'
מִןfromPreposition · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (source/separation)מִן, H4480, 'from'; marks the afflicted man as the one from whom the disease has departed.
הַצָּרֽוּעַthe diseased manArticle + Qal passive participle ms · צָרַע (H6879)Object of preposition (substantival participle)→ Participle: substantival, denoting the man in his (former) diseased stateצָרַע, H6879, Qal passive participle 'stricken, diseased'; substantivized synonym of מְצֹרָע, referring to the healed man.
4

וְצִוָּה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְלָקַ֧ח לַמִּטַּהֵ֛ר שְׁתֵּֽי צִפֳּרִ֥ים חַיּ֖וֹת טְהֹר֑וֹת וְעֵ֣ץ אֶ֔רֶז וּשְׁנִ֥י תוֹלַ֖עַת וְאֵזֹֽב

then the priest shall command that two living clean birds, cedar wood, scarlet yarn, and hyssop be taken for the one to be cleansed.

Apodosis — the priest orders the ritual materialsוְ (sequential)
The inventory of the two-bird rite: two live clean birds, cedar, crimson yarn, and hyssop — the same triad (cedar, scarlet, hyssop) as the red-heifer rite of Num 19, materials associated with purification from death-uncleanness.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְצִוָּה֙and he shall commandConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · צָוָה (H6680)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the priest's directive actצָוָה, H6680, Piel 'to command, order'; the priest issues instructions for the materials to be brought.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestArticle + noun ms · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subjectכֹּהֵן, H3548, 'priest'; subject of both וְצִוָּה and וְלָקַח.
וְלָקַ֧חand he shall takeConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · לָקַח (H3947)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the acquisition of ritual materialsלָקַח, H3947, Qal 'to take'; here 'to take on behalf of' (for the one to be purified) - see לְ prefix on the next word.
לַמִּטַּהֵ֛רfor the one being cleansedPreposition + article + Hitpael participle ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Indirect object (dative of advantage), substantival participle→ Participle: durative/characterizing - 'the one undergoing purification'טָהֵר, H2891, Hitpael participle 'the one purifying himself/being purified'; the technical designation of the man mid-rite, distinct from מְצֹרָע.
שְׁתֵּֽיtwo (of)Numeral fs dual construct · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Direct object, construct head (numeral governing noun)שְׁנַיִם, H8147, 'two'; feminine construct form governing צִפֳּרִים, 'two birds.'
צִפֳּרִ֥יםbirdsNoun common plural · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct object (genitive after numeral)צִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird, sparrow'; small, easily obtainable birds for the rite, one slain and one released.
חַיּ֖וֹתlivingAdjective fp · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying צִפֳּרִיםחַי, H2416, 'living, alive'; both birds must be alive at the outset - only one is slain.
טְהֹר֑וֹתcleanAdjective fp · טָהוֹר (H2889)Attributive adjective modifying צִפֳּרִיםטָהוֹר, H2889, 'clean, pure'; ritually permissible species, not carrion-eating or unclean birds.
וְעֵ֣ץand wood ofConjunction + noun ms construct · עֵץ (H6086)Direct object, construct head, continuing list with לָקַחעֵץ, H6086, 'tree, wood'; construct with אֶרֶז, 'wood of cedar' i.e. cedar wood.
אֶ֔רֶזcedarNoun ms · אֶרֶז (H730)Genitive (construct complement)אֶרֶז, H730, 'cedar'; durable, aromatic wood, used also in the red-heifer rite (Num 19:6).
וּשְׁנִ֥יand scarlet (yarn) ofConjunction + noun ms construct · שָׁנִי (H8144)Direct object, construct headשָׁנִי, H8144, 'scarlet, crimson'; construct with תוֹלַעַת, 'crimson of the worm-dye', i.e. scarlet yarn.
תוֹלַ֖עַתworm/crimson-dyeNoun fs · תּוֹלַעַת (H8438)Genitive (construct complement)תּוֹלַעַת, H8438, 'worm; crimson dye' (from the kermes insect); paired with שָׁנִי as the technical term for scarlet yarn/thread.
וְאֵזֹֽבand hyssopConjunction + noun ms · אֵזוֹב (H231)Direct object, final item in the listאֵזוֹב, H231, 'hyssop'; a bushy aromatic plant used as a sprinkling implement, also in Passover (Exod 12:22) and the red-heifer rite.
5

וְצִוָּה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְשָׁחַ֖ט אֶת הַצִּפּ֣וֹר הָאֶחָ֑ת אֶל כְּלִי חֶ֖רֶשׂ עַל מַ֥יִם חַיִּֽים

And the priest shall command that one of the birds be slaughtered into an earthenware vessel over fresh water.

Continues the priest's directions — slaughter of the first birdוְ (sequential)
One bird is slain so its blood runs into a porous earthen vessel held over 'living' (fresh, running) water — the same fresh-water requirement as the red-heifer purification (Num 19:17). The blood-and-water mixture is the medium of the sprinkling.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְצִוָּה֙and he shall commandConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · צָוָה (H6680)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, repeated directive verb resuming the procedureצָוָה, H6680, Piel 'to command'; repeated from v.4, resuming the instruction after the list of materials.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestArticle + noun ms · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subjectכֹּהֵן, H3548, 'priest'; subject of the commanding verb.
וְשָׁחַ֖טand he shall slaughterConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · שָׁחַט (H7819)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the decisive slaughtering actשָׁחַט, H7819, Qal 'to slaughter'; performed by an assistant at the priest's command over the earthen vessel.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks הַצִּפּוֹר הָאֶחָת as direct object of וְשָׁחַט.
הַצִּפּ֣וֹרthe birdArticle + noun common · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct objectצִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird'; the one of the two birds selected for slaughter.
הָאֶחָ֑תthe oneArticle + numeral fs · אֶחָד (H259)Attributive numeral modifying הַצִּפּוֹראֶחָד, H259, 'one'; here 'the one (of the two)' - distinguishing the slain bird from the living bird of vv.6-7.
אֶלintoPreposition · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (locative goal of the blood)אֶל, H413, 'to/into'; the bird is slaughtered so its blood runs into the vessel.
כְּלִיa vessel ofNoun ms construct · כְּלִי (H3627)Object of preposition, construct headכְּלִי, H3627, 'vessel, implement'; construct with חֶרֶשׂ, 'an earthenware vessel.'
חֶ֖רֶשׂearthenwareNoun ms · חֶרֶשׂ (H2789)Genitive (construct complement)חֶרֶשׂ, H2789, 'clay, earthenware'; a porous, disposable material appropriate for a vessel that will hold blood.
עַלoverPreposition · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative)עַל, H5921, 'upon, over'; specifies that the vessel holds fresh ('living') water, over which the bird is slain.
מַ֥יִםwaterNoun mp (plurale tantum) · מַיִם (H4325)Object of prepositionמַיִם, H4325, 'water'; here modified by חַיִּים, 'living/fresh (running) water', required as the base of the blood-mixture.
חַיִּֽיםliving/freshAdjective mp · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying מַיִםחַי, H2416, 'living'; idiomatic for fresh, flowing (as opposed to stagnant) water, cf. Num 19:17.
6

אֶת הַצִּפֹּ֤ר הַֽחַיָּה֙ יִקַּ֣ח אֹתָ֔הּ וְאֶת עֵ֥ץ הָאֶ֛רֶז וְאֶת שְׁנִ֥י הַתּוֹלַ֖עַת וְאֶת הָאֵזֹ֑ב וְטָבַ֨ל אוֹתָ֜ם וְאֵ֣ת הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַֽחַיָּ֗ה בְּדַם֙ הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַשְּׁחֻטָ֔ה עַ֖ל הַמַּ֥יִם הַֽחַיִּֽים

As for the living bird, he shall take it together with the cedar wood, the scarlet yarn, and the hyssop, and shall dip them and the living bird in the blood of the bird that was slaughtered over the fresh water,

Fronted object (the living bird) — the central dipping actasyndeton
The fronted 'living bird' foregrounds the surviving creature. Bundle and bird alike are dipped in the blood-water mixture, charging them for the sprinkling and the release that follow — the living bird will bear the impurity away alive (v.7).
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (fronted for emphasis)אֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; the object is fronted before the verb יִקַּח for topical emphasis - 'the living bird... he shall take it.'
הַצִּפֹּ֤רthe birdArticle + noun common · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct object (fronted)צִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird'; the surviving bird, distinguished from the slain one.
הַֽחַיָּה֙the livingArticle + adjective fs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי, H2416, 'living'; identifies this bird as the one that remains alive, to carry the impurity away.
יִקַּ֣חhe shall takeQal imperfect 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause, resuming after fronted object)→ Imperfect: prescriptive/instructional, the priest's next required actלָקַח, H3947, Qal 'to take'; imperfect here (rather than weqatal) as the verse opens with a fronted object, still within the procedural chain.
אֹתָ֔הּitObject marker + 3fs suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (resumptive pronoun for the fronted object)אֵת + 3fs suffix, resuming/re-referencing 'the living bird' (feminine) after its fronting.
וְאֶתand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, continuing the list of items to be takenאֵת, nota accusativi; introduces the next accompanying item, the cedar wood.
עֵ֥ץwood ofNoun ms construct · עֵץ (H6086)Direct object, construct headעֵץ, H6086, 'wood'; construct with הָאֶרֶז, 'the cedar wood.'
הָאֶ֛רֶזthe cedarArticle + noun ms · אֶרֶז (H730)Genitive (construct complement)אֶרֶז, H730, 'cedar'; the specific stick of cedar wood introduced in v.4.
וְאֶתand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, continuing the listאֵת, nota accusativi; introduces the scarlet yarn.
שְׁנִ֥יscarlet (yarn) ofNoun ms construct · שָׁנִי (H8144)Direct object, construct headשָׁנִי, H8144, 'scarlet'; construct with הַתּוֹלַעַת, 'the crimson-worm (dye)', i.e. scarlet yarn.
הַתּוֹלַ֖עַתthe worm/crimson-dyeArticle + noun fs · תּוֹלַעַת (H8438)Genitive (construct complement)תּוֹלַעַת, H8438, 'worm; crimson dye'; the specific scarlet thread introduced in v.4.
וְאֶתand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, final item in the listאֵת, nota accusativi; introduces the hyssop.
הָאֵזֹ֑בthe hyssopArticle + noun ms · אֵזוֹב (H231)Direct objectאֵזוֹב, H231, 'hyssop'; the sprinkling implement from v.4, now specified with the article.
וְטָבַ֨לand he shall dipConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · טָבַל (H2881)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the central mixing/application actטָבַל, H2881, Qal 'to dip'; the wood, yarn, hyssop, and living bird together are immersed in the blood-water mixture.
אוֹתָ֜םthemObject marker + 3mp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (resumptive, referring to cedar/scarlet/hyssop)אֵת + 3mp suffix, 'them', referring back to the cedar wood, scarlet yarn, and hyssop just listed.
וְאֵ֣תand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, adding a further object of the same dippingאֵת, nota accusativi; adds the living bird as a further object dipped along with the wood/yarn/hyssop.
הַצִּפֹּ֣רthe birdArticle + noun common · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct object (additional item dipped)צִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird'; the living bird, dipped together with the bundle.
הַֽחַיָּ֗הthe livingArticle + adjective fs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי, H2416, 'living'; reiterates that this bird remains alive through the dipping.
בְּדַם֙in the blood ofPreposition + noun ms construct · דָּם (H1818)Adverbial phrase (locative/instrumental), construct headדָּם, H1818, 'blood'; construct with הַצִּפֹּר הַשְּׁחֻטָה, 'the blood of the slaughtered bird', the medium of the dipping.
הַצִּפֹּ֣רthe birdArticle + noun common · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Genitive (construct complement)צִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird'; here the slaughtered one, whose blood forms the mixture.
הַשְּׁחֻטָ֔הthe slaughteredArticle + Qal passive participle fs · שָׁחַט (H7819)Attributive participle modifying הַצִּפֹּר→ Participle: passive/resultative, describing the bird's completed slaughterשָׁחַט, H7819, Qal passive participle 'slaughtered'; distinguishes this bird from הַחַיָּה, 'the living' one.
עַ֖לoverPreposition · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, modifying the whole scene)עַל, H5921, 'over, upon'; the blood is mixed with the fresh water over which the bird was slain (v.5).
הַמַּ֥יִםthe waterArticle + noun mp · מַיִם (H4325)Object of prepositionמַיִם, H4325, 'water'; the same fresh water of v.5, now mixed with blood for the dipping.
הַֽחַיִּֽיםthe living/freshArticle + adjective mp · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַמַּיִםחַי, H2416, 'living'; reiterated as in v.5 - fresh, flowing water forms the base of the sprinkling mixture.
7

וְהִזָּ֗ה עַ֧ל הַמִּטַּהֵ֛ר מִן הַצָּרַ֖עַת שֶׁ֣בַע פְּעָמִ֑ים וְטִ֣הֲר֔וֹ וְשִׁלַּ֛ח אֶת הַצִּפֹּ֥ר הַֽחַיָּ֖ה עַל פְּנֵ֥י הַשָּׂדֶֽה

and he shall sprinkle it seven times on the one being cleansed from the scale-disease, pronounce him clean, and release the living bird over the open field.

Climax of the two-bird rite — sprinkling, verdict, and releaseוְ (sequential)
Sevenfold sprinkling, the priest's declarative verdict (Piel וְטִהֲרוֹ), and the release of the living bird 'over the face of the field' — impurity carried away alive into uninhabited space, a close affinity to the scapegoat of ch. 16.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְהִזָּ֗הand he shall sprinkleConjunction + Hiphil perfect 3ms (weqatal) · נָזָה (H5137)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the climactic purificatory actנָזָה, H5137, Hiphil 'to sprinkle, spatter'; the blood-water mixture is sprinkled on the man, the rite's central purifying gesture.
עַ֧לonPreposition · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal of sprinkling)עַל, H5921, 'upon'; marks the man as the target of the sprinkling.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֛רthe one being cleansedArticle + Hitpael participle ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Object of preposition, substantival participle→ Participle: durative/characterizing, the man mid-process of purificationטָהֵר, H2891, Hitpael participle 'the one purifying himself'; same technical term as v.4, referring to the man undergoing the rite.
מִןfromPreposition · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (source/separation)מִן, H4480, 'from'; the sprinkling is 'from/because of' the scale-disease, i.e. to purify him from it.
הַצָּרַ֖עַתthe scale-diseaseArticle + noun fs · צָרַעַת (H6883)Object of prepositionצָרַעַת, H6883, the disease from which the sprinkling ritually purifies the man.
שֶׁ֣בַעsevenNumeral fs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial accusative (numeral modifying פְּעָמִים)שֶׁבַע, H7651, 'seven'; construct with פְּעָמִים, 'seven times' - the complete, ritually perfect number of sprinklings.
פְּעָמִ֑יםtimesNoun fp · פַּעַם (H6471)Adverbial accusative of frequencyפַּעַם, H6471, 'foot-fall, occurrence, time'; here plural, 'times', quantifying the sprinklings as sevenfold.
וְטִ֣הֲר֔וֹand he shall pronounce him cleanConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms + 3ms suffix (weqatal) · טָהֵר (H2891)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction, with pronominal direct object→ Weqatal (Piel factitive/declarative): sequential, the priest's formal declaration of cleannessטָהֵר, H2891, Piel 'to declare/pronounce clean'; the priest's performative verdict that completes the sprinkling rite, with 3ms suffix 'him.'
וְשִׁלַּ֛חand he shall releaseConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · שָׁלַח (H7971)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal (Piel): sequential, the releasing of the living birdשָׁלַח, H7971, Piel 'to send away, release'; the living bird, having borne the blood, is set free rather than killed - impurity carried away alive.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks the living bird as object of וְשִׁלַּח.
הַצִּפֹּ֥רthe birdArticle + noun common · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct objectצִפּוֹר, H6833, 'bird'; the surviving bird now released.
הַֽחַיָּ֖הthe livingArticle + adjective fs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי, H2416, 'living'; the bird remains alive to carry the impurity away, paralleling the scapegoat of ch. 16.
עַלoverPreposition · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal of release)עַל, H5921, 'upon, over'; governs פְּנֵי הַשָּׂדֶה, 'over the face of the field.'
פְּנֵ֥יthe face ofNoun common plural construct · פָּנִים (H6440)Object of preposition, construct headפָּנִים, H6440, 'face'; idiomatic construct 'the face/surface of', with הַשָּׂדֶה, 'the open field' - the bird disappears into uninhabited space.
הַשָּׂדֶֽהthe fieldArticle + noun ms · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Genitive (construct complement)שָׂדֶה, H7704, 'field, open country'; the uncultivated wild, beyond camp and settlement, where the impurity-bearing bird vanishes.
8

וְכִבֶּס֩ הַמִּטַּהֵ֨ר אֶת בְּגָדָ֜יו וְגִלַּ֣ח אֶת כָּל שְׂעָר֗וֹ וְרָחַ֤ץ בַּמַּ֨יִם֙ וְטָהֵ֔ר וְאַחַ֖ר יָב֣וֹא אֶל הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑ה וְיָשַׁ֛ב מִח֥וּץ לְאָהֳל֖וֹ שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים

The one being cleansed shall wash his clothes, shave off all his hair, and bathe in water, and he shall be clean; afterward he may enter the camp, but he shall dwell outside his tent for seven days.

The man's own responsive acts — partial reentryוְ (sequential)
The purified man now acts for himself: laundering, shaving, bathing. He may reenter the camp but remains outside his own tent a further week — a graded, liminal restoration short of full return to household and sanctuary.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְכִבֶּס֩and he shall washConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · כָּבַס (H3526)Weqatal opening a new sequence (post-sprinkling purification stages)→ Weqatal: sequential, the first of the man's own purificatory actsכָּבַס, H3526, Piel 'to wash, launder'; the man himself now washes his garments, moving from priestly action to his own responsive acts.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֨רthe one being cleansedArticle + Hitpael participle ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Subject, substantival participle→ Participle: durative/characterizing, subject of the following actsטָהֵר, H2891, Hitpael participle 'the one purifying himself'; now grammatical subject of his own washing, shaving, and bathing.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks בְּגָדָיו as direct object of וְכִבֶּס.
בְּגָדָ֜יוhis garmentsNoun mp construct + 3ms suffix · בֶּגֶד (H899)Direct objectבֶּגֶד, H899, 'garment'; with 3ms suffix, 'his garments' - laundering removes any residual impurity from clothing worn during the rite.
וְגִלַּ֣חand he shall shaveConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · גָּלַח (H1548)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the second purificatory actגָּלַח, H1548, Piel 'to shave'; removal of all body hair, anticipating the fuller shave of v.9's eighth day.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks כָּל שְׂעָרוֹ as direct object of וְגִלַּח.
כָּלall ofNoun ms construct · כֹּל (H3605)Direct object, construct head (quantifier)כֹּל, H3605, 'all, every'; construct with שְׂעָרוֹ, 'all his hair.'
שְׂעָר֗וֹhis hairNoun ms construct + 3ms suffix · שֵׂעָר (H8181)Genitive (construct complement)שֵׂעָר, H8181, 'hair'; with 3ms suffix, 'his hair' - here a preliminary general shaving, distinct from the itemized shave of v.9.
וְרָחַ֤ץand he shall batheConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · רָחַץ (H7364)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the third purificatory actרָחַץ, H7364, Qal 'to wash, bathe'; bathing the whole body, completing the triad of washing-shaving-bathing.
בַּמַּ֨יִם֙in waterPreposition + article + noun mp · מַיִם (H4325)Adverbial phrase (locative/instrumental)מַיִם, H4325, 'water'; the medium of bathing, unspecified as 'living' here (contrast vv.5-6).
וְטָהֵ֔רand he shall be cleanConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · טָהֵר (H2891)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction (stative result)→ Weqatal (Qal stative): sequential, marking the resultant state of cleannessטָהֵר, H2891, Qal 'to be/become clean'; unlike the Piel declarative of v.7, this stative form marks the man's own achieved condition after washing.
וְאַחַ֖רand afterwardConjunction + adverb · אַחַר (H310)Adverbial phrase (temporal), modifying the following clauseאַחַר, H310, 'after, afterward'; marks the following re-entry as subsequent to the washing sequence just completed.
יָב֣וֹאhe may comeQal imperfect 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (main clause, permissive)→ Imperfect: permissive/prescriptive, 'he may then enter'בּוֹא, H935, Qal 'to come, enter'; permission (not yet full restoration - see v.9's seven more days) to re-enter the camp.
אֶלintoPreposition · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל, H413, 'to/into'; marks the camp as the goal of his re-entry.
הַֽמַּחֲנֶ֑הthe campArticle + noun · מַחֲנֶה (H4264)Object of prepositionמַחֲנֶה, H4264, 'camp'; the community space from which he was excluded, now partially reopened to him.
וְיָשַׁ֛בand he shall dwellConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · יָשַׁב (H3427)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, specifying the limits of his partial restorationיָשַׁב, H3427, Qal 'to dwell, sit, remain'; though back in the camp, he must still remain outside his own tent for a further week.
מִח֥וּץoutsidePreposition + noun ms · חוּץ (H2351)Adverbial phrase (spatial)חוּץ, H2351, 'outside'; with לְ-phrase following, 'outside of his tent' - a lesser, tent-level exclusion replacing the camp-level one.
לְאָהֳל֖וֹhis tentPreposition + noun ms construct + 3ms suffix · אֹהֶל (H168)Object of prepositionאֹהֶל, H168, 'tent'; with 3ms suffix, 'his tent' - his own household dwelling, still off-limits for a week.
שִׁבְעַ֥תseven (of)Numeral ms construct · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial accusative, construct headשֶׁבַע, H7651, 'seven'; construct with יָמִים, 'seven days' - the final liminal period before the eighth-day offerings of v.10.
יָמִֽיםdaysNoun mp · יוֹם (H3117)Genitive (construct complement), adverbial accusative of durationיוֹם, H3117, 'day'; plural, quantifying the duration of continued exclusion from his tent.
9

וְהָיָה֩ בַיּ֨וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜י יְגַלַּ֣ח אֶת כָּל שְׂעָר֗וֹ אֶת רֹאשׁ֤וֹ וְאֶת זְקָנוֹ֙ וְאֵת֙ גַּבֹּ֣ת עֵינָ֔יו וְאֶת כָּל שְׂעָר֖וֹ יְגַלֵּ֑חַ וְכִבֶּ֣ס אֶת בְּגָדָ֗יו וְרָחַ֧ץ אֶת בְּשָׂר֛וֹ בַּמַּ֖יִם וְטָהֵֽר

On the seventh day he shall shave off all his hair — his head, his beard, and his eyebrows; all his hair he shall shave — and he shall wash his clothes and bathe his body in water, and he shall be clean.

Seventh-day repetition — the second, itemized shavingוְ (sequential)
The seventh day closes the liminal week with a fuller, itemized shave (head, beard, eyebrows) bracketed by the repeated verb יְגַלַּח...יְגַלֵּחַ (resumptive repetition emphasizing totality), plus renewed laundering and bathing, achieving full cleanness before the eighth-day offerings.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וְהָיָה֩and it shall beConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · הָיָה (H1961)Weqatal opening a new temporal clause→ Weqatal: sequential, introducing the seventh-day requirementהָיָה, H1961, Qal 'to be, happen'; formulaic 'and it shall be' introducing a new temporal stage, 'on the seventh day.'
בַיּ֨וֹםon the dayPreposition + article + noun ms · יוֹם (H3117)Adverbial phrase (temporal)יוֹם, H3117, 'day'; with article and הַשְּׁבִיעִי, 'on the seventh day' - the close of the week begun in v.8.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֜יthe seventhArticle + ordinal adjective ms · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive adjective modifying יוֹםשְׁבִיעִי, H7637, 'seventh'; marks the completion of the seven-day period of v.8, the day the fuller shaving rite is performed.
יְגַלַּ֣חhe shall shavePiel imperfect 3ms · גָּלַח (H1548)Predicate verb (main clause, resumed and repeated after itemized list)→ Imperfect: prescriptive, opens the itemized shaving instructionגָּלַח, H1548, Piel 'to shave'; the itemized list that follows (head, beard, eyebrows) is unusually explicit for this repeated, total shave.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; introduces the first item of the itemized list, כָּל שְׂעָרוֹ.
כָּלall ofNoun ms construct · כֹּל (H3605)Direct object, construct headכֹּל, H3605, 'all'; construct with שְׂעָרוֹ, summarizing the total scope before the list itemizes it.
שְׂעָר֗וֹhis hairNoun ms construct + 3ms suffix · שֵׂעָר (H8181)Genitive (construct complement)שֵׂעָר, H8181, 'hair'; the general heading, then unpacked by the following appositional items.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (introducing appositional item)אֵת, nota accusativi; introduces רֹאשׁוֹ in apposition to 'all his hair.'
רֹאשׁ֤וֹhis headNoun ms construct + 3ms suffix · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Direct object (in apposition, first itemized location)רֹאשׁ, H7218, 'head'; first specified location of the shaving, i.e. the scalp.
וְאֶתand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, continuing the itemized listאֵת, nota accusativi; introduces זְקָנוֹ, the second itemized location.
זְקָנוֹ֙his beardNoun common construct + 3ms suffix · זָקָן (H2206)Direct object (in apposition)זָקָן, H2206, 'beard, chin'; second location shaved.
וְאֵת֙and (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, continuing the itemized listאֵת, nota accusativi; introduces the third itemized location, the eyebrows.
גַּבֹּ֣תthe ridges ofNoun common plural construct · גַּב (H1354)Direct object, construct headגַּב, H1354, 'back, ridge, arch'; construct with עֵינָיו, idiomatically 'the ridges/arches of his eyes' = eyebrows.
עֵינָ֔יוhis eyesNoun common dual construct + 3ms suffix · עַיִן (H5869)Genitive (construct complement)עַיִן, H5869, 'eye'; dual with 3ms suffix, completing the idiom גַּבֹּת עֵינָיו, 'his eyebrows.'
וְאֶתand (object marker)Conjunction + object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker, resuming the summary objectאֵת, nota accusativi; reintroduces כָּל שְׂעָרוֹ as object of the resumed verb יְגַלֵּחַ, closing the list.
כָּלall ofNoun ms construct · כֹּל (H3605)Direct object, construct headכֹּל, H3605, 'all'; resumptive, restating the totality after the itemized list.
שְׂעָר֖וֹhis hairNoun ms construct + 3ms suffix · שֵׂעָר (H8181)Genitive (construct complement)שֵׂעָר, H8181, 'hair'; resumptive object closing the ring structure begun in the summary heading above.
יְגַלֵּ֑חַhe shall shavePiel imperfect 3ms · גָּלַח (H1548)Predicate verb (resumptive repetition closing the itemized list, epanalepsis)→ Imperfect: prescriptive, resumptive verb closing the bracketed list begun by יְגַלַּחגָּלַח, H1548, Piel 'to shave'; the repetition of the verb around the itemized list is a rhetorical bracketing (resumptive repetition) emphasizing totality.
וְכִבֶּ֣סand he shall washConjunction + Piel perfect 3ms (weqatal) · כָּבַס (H3526)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, repeating the washing of v.8 on the seventh dayכָּבַס, H3526, Piel 'to wash, launder'; garments washed again, now after the second, fuller shave.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks בְּגָדָיו as object of וְכִבֶּס.
בְּגָדָ֗יוhis garmentsNoun mp construct + 3ms suffix · בֶּגֶד (H899)Direct objectבֶּגֶד, H899, 'garment'; repeated laundering, matching v.8.
וְרָחַ֧ץand he shall batheConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · רָחַץ (H7364)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction→ Weqatal: sequential, the culminating bodily washingרָחַץ, H7364, Qal 'to wash, bathe'; here specified as washing אֶת בְּשָׂרוֹ, 'his flesh/body', the final bodily cleansing.
אֶת(object marker)Object marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת, nota accusativi, untranslated; marks בְּשָׂרוֹ as object of וְרָחַץ.
בְּשָׂר֛וֹhis flesh/bodyNoun ms construct + 3ms suffix · בָּשָׂר (H1320)Direct objectבָּשָׂר, H1320, 'flesh, body'; here explicitly named as object of the bathing, unlike the unspecified רָחַץ בַּמַּיִם of v.8.
בַּמַּ֖יִםin waterPreposition + article + noun mp · מַיִם (H4325)Adverbial phrase (locative/instrumental)מַיִם, H4325, 'water'; the medium of the final bathing.
וְטָהֵֽרand he shall be cleanConjunction + Qal perfect 3ms (weqatal) · טָהֵר (H2891)Weqatal continuing sequential instruction (final result)→ Weqatal (Qal stative): sequential, marking the final achieved state of cleannessטָהֵר, H2891, Qal 'to be/become clean'; closes the unit (vv.1-9) with the man's fully restored status, though he remains outside his tent seven more days per v.8.
10

וּבַיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁמִינִ֗י יִקַּ֤ח שְׁנֵֽי כְבָשִׂים֙ תְּמִימִ֔ים וְכַבְשָׂ֥ה אַחַ֛ת בַּת שְׁנָתָ֖הּ תְּמִימָ֑ה וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣ה עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗ים סֹ֤לֶת מִנְחָה֙ בְּלוּלָ֣ה בַשֶּׁ֔מֶן וְלֹ֥ג אֶחָ֖ד שָֽׁמֶן

And on the eighth day he shall take two unblemished male lambs, and one unblemished ewe lamb in her first year, and three-tenths (of an ephah) of fine flour as a grain offering mixed with oil, and one log of oil.

Opens a new procedural sub-unit (the eighth-day rite) following the seven-day wait of vv.8-9וְ (temporal, resumptive)
Begins the eighth-day pericope; the fourfold inventory (two male lambs, ewe lamb, grain, oil) supplies the materials for the whole rite that follows in vv.11-20.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וּבַיּ֣וֹםand on the dayconj וְ + prep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Adverbial temporal phrase (prepositional, marking the procedural stage)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; the resumptive-temporal conjunction opens the eighth-day pericope after the seven-day liminal wait of vv.8-9.
הַשְּׁמִינִ֗יthe eighthart + ordinal adj m sg abs · שְׁמִינִי (H8066)Attributive adjective modifying יוֹם (ordinal)שְׁמִינִי (H8066), ordinal 'eighth'; the eighth day is the standard terminus of purification liminality (cf. circumcision, Nazirite completion), marking full reentry into sacred space.
יִקַּ֤חhe shall takeQal yiqtol 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause)→ Yiqtol: prescribed/modal action opening the procedureלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the modal/injunctive nuance ('he is to take') governs the whole inventory of offerings that follows.
שְׁנֵֽיtwo (of)numeral card m du constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct, quantifying the nounשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', construct dual form governing כְבָשִׂים.
כְבָשִׂים֙male lambsN m pl abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object (governed by יִקַּח)כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'male lamb'; two are required, one for the אָשָׁם (v.12) and one for the עֹלָה (vv.19-20).
תְּמִימִ֔יםunblemishedadj m pl abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective modifying כְבָשִׂיםתָּמִים (H8549) 'whole, unblemished'; sacrificial fitness requirement, standard for all offering animals.
וְכַבְשָׂ֥הand a ewe lambconj וְ + N f sg abs · כִּבְשָׂה (H3535)Additional direct object, conjoinedכִּבְשָׂה (H3535) 'ewe lamb', the third animal, reserved for the חַטָּאת of v.19.
אַחַ֛תonenumeral card f sg abs · אַחַת (H259)Numeral modifying כַבְשָׂהאַחַת (H259), feminine of אֶחָד 'one'.
בַּתdaughter ofN f sg constr · בַּת (H1323)Construct noun heading age-idiom chainבַּת (H1323) 'daughter'; idiomatic בַּת שָׁנָה = 'a year old', literally 'daughter of her year'.
שְׁנָתָ֖הּher yearN f sg constr + suff 3fs · שָׁנָה (H8141)Genitive complement completing the age idiomשָׁנָה (H8141) 'year' + 3fs suffix; marks the ewe lamb as a yearling, in her first year.
תְּמִימָ֑הunblemishedadj f sg abs · תָּמִים (H8549)Attributive adjective modifying כַבְשָׂהתָּמִים (H8549), feminine form, repeating the fitness requirement for the ewe lamb.
וּשְׁלֹשָׁ֣הand threeconj וְ + numeral card m sg abs · שְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969)Numeral heading the grain-offering measureשְׁלֹשָׁה (H7969) 'three', governing עֶשְׂרֹנִים.
עֶשְׂרֹנִ֗יםtenth-parts (of an ephah)N m pl abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Noun in apposition/measure, object of the implied verbעִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part', i.e. one-tenth ephah, the standard dry measure for grain offerings (cf. Exod 29:40).
סֹ֤לֶתfine flourN f sg abs · סֹלֶת (H5560)Noun in apposition specifying the substance measuredסֹלֶת (H5560) 'fine flour', the standard grain-offering medium.
מִנְחָה֙as a grain offeringN f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Adverbial accusative of purpose/appositionמִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; in loose apposition marking the category of the flour just specified.
בְּלוּלָ֣הmixedQal pass ptc f sg abs · בָּלַל (H1101)Passive participle modifying סֹלֶת (attributive)→ Qal passive participle: resultant state ('having been mixed')בָּלַל (H1101) 'to mix, mingle'; describes the flour as already combined with oil, standard grain-offering preparation.
בַשֶּׁ֔מֶןwith the oilprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Prepositional phrase of meansשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the medium into which the flour is mixed.
וְלֹ֥גand a logconj וְ + N m sg abs · לֹג (H3849)Additional direct object, conjoinedלֹג (H3849), a small liquid measure (~0.3 liter); the fourth item of the man's provision, used for the anointing rite of vv.15-18.
אֶחָ֖דonenumeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying לֹגאֶחָד (H259) 'one', modifying לֹג.
שָֽׁמֶןof oilN m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive noun completing the measure phrase (construct-equivalent)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil', specifying the substance measured by the log.
11

וְהֶעֱמִ֞יד הַכֹּהֵ֣ן הַֽמְטַהֵ֗ר אֵ֛ת הָאִ֥ישׁ הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר וְאֹתָ֑ם לִפְנֵ֣י יְהוָ֔ה פֶּ֖תַח אֹ֥הֶל מוֹעֵֽד

And the priest who performs the cleansing shall present the man being purified, along with these offerings, before YHWH at the entrance of the tent of meeting.

Presentation before YHWH — opens the sanctuary phaseוְ (sequential)
The presentation 'before YHWH' at the tent entrance moves the restored man into sacred space, the very site of Aaron's ordination in ch. 8. The wordplay between הַמְטַהֵר (the purifying priest) and הַמִּטַּהֵר (the one being purified) frames the rite as agent and patient of the same root.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְהֶעֱמִ֞ידand he shall presentconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing procedure→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionעָמַד (H5975) 'to stand'; Hiphil 'cause to stand' = 'present, station'; the priest presents both the man and his offerings at the sanctuary entrance.
הַכֹּהֵ֣ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְהֶעֱמִידכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest', subject of the presenting action.
הַֽמְטַהֵ֗רthe one performing the cleansingart + Piel ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Participle in apposition to הַכֹּהֵן (attributive)→ Participle: durative/characterizing ('the officiating/purifying priest')טָהֵר (H2891) Piel participle; designates the officiating priest by his ritual role, distinct from הַמִּטַּהֵר (the man being purified) two words later — a deliberate wordplay contrasting agent and patient of the same root.
אֵ֛ת(object marker)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks the direct object הָאִישׁאֵת (H853), untranslatable direct-object marker, introducing הָאִישׁ הַמִּטַּהֵר.
הָאִ֥ישׁthe manart + N m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Direct object of וְהֶעֱמִידאִישׁ (H376) 'the man', the one undergoing purification.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֖רthe one being purifiedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Participle in apposition to הָאִישׁ (attributive)→ Hitpael participle: durative/reflexive-passive ('the one undergoing purification')טָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael, reflexive/passive nuance, 'the one purifying himself / being purified' — contrasts with the priest's active Piel participle above.
וְאֹתָ֑םand themconj וְ + obj marker + suff 3mp · אֵת (H853)Additional direct object (the offerings), conjoinedאֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix, referring back to the offerings enumerated in v.10 — the man and his offerings are presented together.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep לְ + N common pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')לְ + פָּנִים construct (H6440) 'face(s) of'; idiomatic 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of preposition לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name; presentation 'before YHWH' locates the rite formally within sacred space at the sanctuary entrance.
פֶּ֖תַחthe entrance ofN m sg constr · פֶּתַח (H6607)Construct noun, adverbial accusative of locationפֶּתַח (H6607) 'opening, entrance', heading the construct chain פֶּתַח אֹהֶל מוֹעֵד.
אֹ֥הֶלtent ofN m sg constr · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'.
מוֹעֵֽדmeetingN m sg abs · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Genitive noun completing construct chain אֹהֶל מוֹעֵדמוֹעֵד (H4150) 'appointed time/meeting'; the full phrase 'tent of meeting' names the sanctuary entrance as the site of presentation, mirroring the ordination site in Lev 8:3-4.
12

וְלָקַ֨ח הַכֹּהֵ֜ן אֶת הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂ הָאֶחָ֗ד וְהִקְרִ֥יב אֹת֛וֹ לְאָשָׁ֖ם וְאֶת לֹ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן וְהֵנִ֥יף אֹתָ֛ם תְּנוּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And the priest shall take one of the male lambs and present it as a guilt offering, together with the log of oil, and shall elevate them as a wave offering before YHWH.

Designation and elevation of the guilt offeringוְ (sequential)
One lamb is set apart as the אָשָׁם and, with the log of oil, elevated in the תְּנוּפָה gesture before YHWH. The guilt (reparation) offering is unusual here, where no property was damaged — the disease itself is treated as an encroachment on holy order requiring reparation.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְלָקַ֨חand he shall takeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'.
הַכֹּהֵ֜ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְלָקַחכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
אֶת(object marker)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks direct object הַכֶּבֶשׂ הָאֶחָדאֵת (H853), object marker.
הַכֶּ֣בֶשׂthe lambart + N m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object of וְלָקַחכֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'the male lamb', one of the two from v.10, now designated for the אָשָׁם.
הָאֶחָ֗דthe one/firstart + numeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Attributive numeral modifying הַכֶּבֶשׂאֶחָד (H259) 'the one', distinguishing this lamb as the first/single one designated for reparation.
וְהִקְרִ֥יבand he shall presentconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionקָרַב (H7126), Hiphil 'to bring near, present, offer'; standard technical verb for presenting sacrificial material.
אֹת֛וֹitobj marker + suff 3ms · אֵת (H853)Direct object (the lamb) resumedאֵת (H853) + 3ms suffix, referring back to הַכֶּבֶשׂ.
לְאָשָׁ֖םas a guilt offeringprep לְ + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Prepositional phrase of purpose/predicate roleאָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt/reparation offering'; names the lamb's sacrificial category and function — reparation for the encroachment the disease represents on holy order.
וְאֶתand (object marker)conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks additional direct object לֹג הַשָּׁמֶןאֵת (H853), conjunction + object marker.
לֹ֣גthe log ofN m sg constr · לֹג (H3849)Construct noun, direct object conjoinedלֹג (H3849) 'log', heading לֹג הַשָּׁמֶן.
הַשָּׁ֑מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive noun completing construct chainשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'the oil', from v.10's provision.
וְהֵנִ֥יףand he shall wave/elevateconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · נוּף (H5130)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionנוּף (H5130), Hiphil 'to wave, elevate'; the technical elevation-gesture applied here uniquely to the אָשָׁם lamb and the oil together.
אֹתָ֛םthemobj marker + suff 3mp · אֵת (H853)Direct object (lamb and oil) resumedאֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix, referring to both the lamb and the log of oil.
תְּנוּפָ֖הas a wave offeringN f sg abs · תְּנוּפָה (H8573)Adverbial accusative of manner/cognate objectתְּנוּפָה (H8573) 'elevation/wave offering', cognate accusative reinforcing וְהֵנִיף — the gesture, not a separate ritual, is emphasized.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N common pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')לְ + פָּנִים construct (H6440) 'before'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of preposition לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
13

וְשָׁחַ֣ט אֶת הַכֶּ֗בֶשׂ בִּ֠מְקוֹם אֲשֶׁ֨ר יִשְׁחַ֧ט אֶת הַֽחַטָּ֛את וְאֶת הָעֹלָ֖ה בִּמְק֣וֹם הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁ כִּ֡י כַּ֠חַטָּאת הָאָשָׁ֥ם הוּא֙ לַכֹּהֵ֔ן קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִׁ֖ים הֽוּא

And he shall slaughter the lamb in the place where the sin offering and the burnt offering are slaughtered, in the holy place; for the guilt offering, like the sin offering, belongs to the priest — it is most holy.

Continues the eighth-day rite; parenthetical rationale for the slaughter siteוְ (sequential)
The אָשָׁם lamb is slain at the same sacred spot as the חַטָּאת and עֹלָה. The causal clause classifies the guilt offering as 'most holy' and the priest's portion, aligning this outcast's reparation with the highest grade of sacrificial holiness.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וְשָׁחַ֣טand he shall slaughterconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · שָׁחַט (H7819)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionשָׁחַט (H7819) 'to slaughter'; subject is the priest, continuing from v.12.
אֶת(object marker)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks direct object הַכֶּבֶשׂאֵת (H853), object marker.
הַכֶּ֗בֶשׂthe lambart + N m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object of וְשָׁחַטכֶּבֶשׂ (H3532), the אָשָׁם lamb designated in v.12.
בִּ֠מְקוֹםin the place ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · מָקוֹם (H4725)Prepositional phrase of location, construct heading relative clauseבְּ + מָקוֹם construct (H4725) 'place'; introduces the relative clause specifying the slaughter site.
אֲשֶׁ֨רwhere/whichrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing subordinate clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle.
יִשְׁחַ֧טone slaughtersQal yiqtol 3ms · שָׁחַט (H7819)Predicate verb of relative clause (subordinate)→ Yiqtol: generic/habitual action within relative clause ('where one customarily slaughters')שָׁחַט (H7819), Qal; generic/impersonal 'one slaughters', describing the customary slaughter site.
אֶת(object marker)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks direct object הַחַטָּאתאֵת (H853), object marker.
הַֽחַטָּ֛אתthe sin offeringart + N f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Direct object of יִשְׁחַטחַטָּאת (H2403) 'the sin offering', named as precedent for the slaughter location.
וְאֶתand (object marker)conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Marks additional direct object הָעֹלָהאֵת (H853), conjunction + object marker.
הָעֹלָ֖הthe burnt offeringart + N f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct object of יִשְׁחַט, conjoinedעֹלָה (H5930) 'the burnt offering', second precedent named.
בִּמְק֣וֹםin the place ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · מָקוֹם (H4725)Prepositional phrase of location (resumptive)בְּמְקוֹם construct (H4725) 'place', resuming/specifying the location as sacred.
הַקֹּ֑דֶשׁthe holy placeart + N m sg abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive (construct complement of מְקוֹם), designating the sacred slaughter areaקֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holiness, sacred place'; here the consecrated area of the sanctuary court where the חַטָּאת and עֹלָה are slain (cf. 6:18-19).
כִּ֡יforconj · כִּי (H3588)Causal conjunction introducing the rationale clauseכִּי (H3588) 'for, because'; introduces the explanatory ground — the guilt offering, like the sin offering, is the priest's portion and most holy.
כַּ֠חַטָּאתlike the sin offeringprep כְּ + art + N f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Prepositional phrase of comparison (predicate)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin/purification offering'; the comparison כַּחַטָּאת הָאָשָׁם equates the אָשָׁם with the חַטָּאת in disposition — belonging to the priest as most holy.
הָאָשָׁ֥םthe guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Subject of the verbless clauseאָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt/reparation offering'; subject of 'it belongs to the priest' — the reparation animal is priestly property, treated like the חַטָּאת.
הוּא֙it (is)pers pron 3ms · הוּא (H1931)Copular pronoun in the verbless clause ('it is')הוּא (H1931) 'he/it'; here the copula of a nominal clause, 'the guilt offering — it is (like the sin offering).'
לַכֹּהֵ֔ןfor the priestprep לְ + art + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Prepositional phrase of possession ('belongs to the priest')כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the לְ of possession — the אָשָׁם becomes the officiating priest's portion, as with other most-holy offerings.
קֹ֥דֶשׁholy ofN m sg constr · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Construct head of the superlative phrase קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁיםקֹדֶשׁ (H6944) 'holiness'; construct heading the superlative idiom קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים, 'holy of holies' = most holy.
קָֽדָשִׁ֖יםholiesN m pl abs · קֹדֶשׁ (H6944)Genitive of the superlative construct (intensive plural)קֹדֶשׁ (H6944), intensive plural in the idiom קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים, 'most holy' — the highest grade of sanctity, restricting consumption to the priests in a holy place.
הֽוּאit (is)pers pron 3ms · הוּא (H1931)Copular pronoun in the verbless clause ('it is')הוּא (H1931) 'he/it'; copula closing the clause, 'it is most holy' — a solemn classification formula.
14

וְלָקַ֣ח הַכֹּהֵן֮ מִדַּ֣ם הָאָשָׁם֒ וְנָתַן֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן עַל תְּנ֛וּךְ אֹ֥זֶן הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר הַיְמָנִ֑ית וְעַל בֹּ֤הֶן יָדוֹ֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֥הֶן רַגְל֖וֹ הַיְמָנִֽית

And the priest shall take some of the blood of the guilt offering, and the priest shall put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one being cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.

The daubing gesture — blood on ear, thumb, and toeוְ (sequential)
The blood of the guilt offering is applied to the right earlobe, thumb, and big toe — the exact gesture of Aaron's ordination (8:23-24). The restored outcast is treated, for this moment, as a priest at his consecration, marked from head (ear) to foot.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְלָקַ֣חand he shall takeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the priest takes some of the guilt-offering blood for the daubing gesture that follows.
הַכֹּהֵן֮the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְלָקַחכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the officiant performing the blood application.
מִדַּ֣םsome of the blood ofprep מִן + N m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Prepositional phrase (partitive), construct headדָּם (H1818) 'blood'; the partitive מִן, 'some of the blood', of the guilt offering — the substance daubed on the man's extremities.
הָאָשָׁם֒the guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of דַּם)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt/reparation offering'; its blood supplies the daubing, uniquely — normally the חַטָּאת blood is used for purification.
וְנָתַן֙and he shall putconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionנָתַן (H5414) 'to give, put, place'; the priest applies the blood to three extremities — the identical gesture of Aaron's ordination in 8:23-24.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְנָתַן (repeated for clarity)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the noun subject is repeated, a feature of this dense ritual prose.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal of the blood)עַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; marks the earlobe as the first point of application.
תְּנ֛וּךְthe lobe ofN m sg constr · תְּנוּךְ (H8571)Construct head (locus of application)תְּנוּךְ (H8571) 'lobe, tip (of the ear)'; a rare word occurring only in the ordination (ch. 8) and this cleansing rite — a deliberate verbal link.
אֹ֥זֶןthe ear ofN f sg constr · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct complement (genitival: 'lobe of the ear')אֹזֶן (H241) 'ear'; construct chain תְּנוּךְ אֹזֶן, 'the lobe of the ear', specifying the exact point.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֖רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the ear)→ Hitpael participle: durative/reflexive — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one purifying himself/being cleansed'; the recurring technical designation of the man mid-rite.
הַיְמָנִ֑יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֹזֶןיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right (side)'; the right side, the side of favor and strength, is specified for each application, as in the ordination rite.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), second point of applicationעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the second daubing point, the thumb of the right hand.
בֹּ֤הֶןthe thumb ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'thumb, big toe'; here 'thumb' with יָד (hand); the same term serves for the toe with רֶגֶל (foot).
יָדוֹ֙his handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Construct complement (genitival: 'thumb of his hand')יָד (H3027) 'hand'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right hand', the second locus of the daubing.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying יָדיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; specifying the right hand.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), third point of applicationעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the third daubing point, the big toe of the right foot.
בֹּ֥הֶןthe big toe ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'big toe' (same term as 'thumb'); here with רֶגֶל, the toe of the right foot.
רַגְל֖וֹhis footN f sg constr + suff 3ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct complement (genitival: 'toe of his foot')רֶגֶל (H7272) 'foot'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right foot', the third locus — ear, hand, foot marking the whole person head to toe.
הַיְמָנִֽיתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying רֶגֶליְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; specifying the right foot, completing the threefold right-side application.
15

וְלָקַ֥ח הַכֹּהֵ֖ן מִלֹּ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן וְיָצַ֛ק עַל כַּ֥ף הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַשְּׂמָאלִֽית

And the priest shall take some of the log of oil and pour it into his own left palm.

Preparation of the oil for sprinkling and daubingוְ (sequential)
The priest pours oil into his cupped left hand, creating the reservoir from which he will sprinkle seven times (v.16) and daub the man's extremities (vv.17-18). The oil rite deliberately parallels the preceding blood rite.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וְלָקַ֥חand he shall takeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the priest now turns from blood to oil, opening the parallel oil rite.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְלָקַחכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the officiant handling the oil.
מִלֹּ֣גsome of the log ofprep מִן + N m sg constr · לֹג (H3849)Prepositional phrase (partitive), construct headלֹג (H3849), the small liquid measure of v.10; partitive מִן, 'some of the log of oil'.
הַשָּׁ֑מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive (construct complement of לֹג)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the log of oil, whose application parallels and follows the blood.
וְיָצַ֛קand he shall pourconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · יָצַק (H3332)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionיָצַק (H3332) 'to pour'; the oil is poured into the priest's own cupped left hand as a working reservoir.
עַלintoprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'onto, into'; the oil is poured into the priest's left palm.
כַּ֥ףthe palm ofN f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Construct head (receptacle for the oil)כַּף (H3709) 'palm, hollow of the hand'; the cupped left hand serves as the vessel holding the oil.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Genitive (construct complement: 'the priest's palm')כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the priest's own left hand, not the man's, holds the oil.
הַשְּׂמָאלִֽיתthe leftart + adj f sg abs · שְׂמָאלִי (H8042)Attributive adjective modifying כַּףשְׂמָאלִי (H8042) 'left'; the left palm holds the oil while the right finger applies it, mirroring the right-side blood daubing.
16

וְטָבַ֤ל הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֶת אֶצְבָּע֣וֹ הַיְמָנִ֔ית מִן הַשֶּׁ֕מֶן אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל כַּפּ֖וֹ הַשְּׂמָאלִ֑ית וְהִזָּ֨ה מִן הַשֶּׁ֧מֶן בְּאֶצְבָּע֛וֹ שֶׁ֥בַע פְּעָמִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And the priest shall dip his right finger into the oil that is in his left palm and sprinkle some of the oil with his finger seven times before YHWH.

Sevenfold sprinkling of the oil before YHWHוְ (sequential)
The oil is sprinkled seven times 'before YHWH', a Godward gesture parallel to the sevenfold blood-sprinkling on the man in v.7. The completeness-number seven marks the rite as ritually whole.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וְטָבַ֤לand he shall dipconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · טָבַל (H2881)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionטָבַל (H2881) 'to dip'; the priest dips his right finger into the oil pooled in his left palm — the same verb as the bird-dipping of v.6.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְטָבַלכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking the definite object אֶצְבָּעוֹ; untranslated in English.
אֶצְבָּע֣וֹhis fingerN f sg constr + suff 3ms · אֶצְבַּע (H676)Direct object of וְטָבַלאֶצְבַּע (H676) 'finger'; with 3ms suffix, 'his (right) finger', the applicator for the oil.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֶצְבַּעיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right finger applies the oil, as the right side received the blood.
מִןinprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (source of the dipping)מִן (H4480) 'from, out of'; here idiomatic with טָבַל, dipping the finger into (a portion of) the oil.
הַשֶּׁ֕מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of preposition מִןשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the oil in the priest's left palm, into which he dips.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthat isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle 'which/that'; introduces the clause locating the oil 'on his left palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within the relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; locates the oil upon the priest's left palm.
כַּפּ֖וֹhis palmN f sg constr + suff 3ms · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַלכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; with 3ms suffix, 'his (left) palm', holding the oil.
הַשְּׂמָאלִ֑יתthe leftart + adj f sg abs · שְׂמָאלִי (H8042)Attributive adjective modifying כַּףשְׂמָאלִי (H8042) 'left'; the priest's left palm serves as the oil-vessel.
וְהִזָּ֨הand he shall sprinkleconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · נָזָה (H5137)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionנָזָה (H5137) Hiphil 'to sprinkle, spatter'; the oil is sprinkled seven times before YHWH, echoing the sevenfold blood-sprinkling of v.7.
מִןsome ofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive, object of sprinkling)מִן (H4480) 'some of'; partitive — a portion of the oil is sprinkled.
הַשֶּׁ֧מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of partitive מִן (material sprinkled)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the sprinkled substance, applied before YHWH.
בְּאֶצְבָּע֛וֹwith his fingerprep בְּ + N f sg constr + suff 3ms · אֶצְבַּע (H676)Prepositional phrase of instrumentאֶצְבַּע (H676) 'finger'; instrumental בְּ, 'with his finger', the applicator of the sprinkled oil.
שֶׁ֥בַעsevennumeral card f sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial accusative (numeral modifying פְּעָמִים)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the complete, ritually perfect number of sprinklings, as in v.7.
פְּעָמִ֖יםtimesN f pl abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Adverbial accusative of frequencyפַּעַם (H6471) 'occurrence, time'; plural 'times', quantifying the sprinkling as sevenfold.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; idiomatic לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of' — the oil-sprinkling is Godward, toward the sanctuary.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵי (the one before whom the rite is done)יְהוָה (H3068), the divine name; the sprinkling is directed 'before YHWH', locating it within sacred space.
17

וּמִיֶּ֨תֶר הַשֶּׁ֜מֶן אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל כַּפּ֗וֹ יִתֵּ֤ן הַכֹּהֵן֙ עַל תְּנ֞וּךְ אֹ֤זֶן הַמִּטַּהֵר֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֤הֶן יָדוֹ֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֥הֶן רַגְל֖וֹ הַיְמָנִ֑ית עַ֖ל דַּ֥ם הָאָשָֽׁם

And of the rest of the oil in his palm the priest shall put some on the lobe of the right ear of the one being cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, over the blood of the guilt offering.

Oil daubed over the blood — the ordination gesture completedוְ (fronted phrase)
The remaining oil is applied to the same three extremities already touched with blood (v.14), laid explicitly 'over the blood of the guilt offering.' The doubled blood-and-oil daubing of ear, thumb, and toe reproduces the priestly consecration of ch. 8 in full.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וּמִיֶּ֨תֶרand from the rest ofconj וְ + prep מִן + N m sg constr · יֶתֶר (H3499)Fronted prepositional phrase (partitive), construct headיֶתֶר (H3499) 'remainder, rest'; the oil left in the palm after the seven sprinklings is applied to the man's extremities.
הַשֶּׁ֜מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive (construct complement of יֶתֶר)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; 'the rest of the oil' remaining in the priest's palm.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthat isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; introduces the clause locating the remaining oil 'on his palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within the relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; locates the remaining oil upon the priest's palm.
כַּפּ֗וֹhis palmN f sg constr + suff 3ms · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַלכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; with 3ms suffix, the priest's left palm still holding oil.
יִתֵּ֤ןhe shall putQal yiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause, after fronted phrase)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive/instructional — the priest's required actנָתַן (H5414) 'to put, place'; yiqtol here because the object phrase is fronted; the priest daubs the remaining oil over the earlier-applied blood.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of יִתֵּןכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'on'; marks the earlobe as the first point of oil application, atop the blood.
תְּנ֞וּךְthe lobe ofN m sg constr · תְּנוּךְ (H8571)Construct head (locus of application)תְּנוּךְ (H8571) 'lobe of the ear'; the oil is applied to the same three points as the blood.
אֹ֤זֶןthe ear ofN f sg constr · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct complement (genitival: 'lobe of the ear')אֹזֶן (H241) 'ear'; construct chain תְּנוּךְ אֹזֶן, 'the lobe of the ear'.
הַמִּטַּהֵר֙the one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the ear)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'; the recurring designation of the man mid-rite.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֹזֶןיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right earlobe, matching the blood application.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), second pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the thumb of the right hand.
בֹּ֤הֶןthe thumb ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'thumb'; the second point, matching the blood.
יָדוֹ֙his handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Construct complement (genitival: 'thumb of his hand')יָד (H3027) 'hand'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right hand'.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying יָדיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right hand.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), third pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the big toe of the right foot.
בֹּ֥הֶןthe big toe ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'big toe'; the third point of oil application.
רַגְל֖וֹhis footN f sg constr + suff 3ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct complement (genitival: 'toe of his foot')רֶגֶל (H7272) 'foot'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right foot'.
הַיְמָנִ֑יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying רֶגֶליְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; completing the threefold right-side oil application.
עַ֖לoverprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative: 'on top of')עַל (H5921) 'over, on top of'; the oil is placed directly over the guilt-offering blood already daubed on each point.
דַּ֥םthe blood ofN m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Object of preposition עַל, construct headדָּם (H1818) 'blood'; the oil is laid 'over the blood of the guilt offering' — blood and oil layered on the same three points.
הָאָשָֽׁםthe guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of דַּם)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt offering'; its blood, applied in v.14, now underlies the oil.
18

וְהַנּוֹתָ֗ר בַּשֶּׁ֨מֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל כַּ֣ף הַכֹּהֵ֔ן יִתֵּ֖ן עַל רֹ֣אשׁ הַמִּטַּהֵ֑ר וְכִפֶּ֥ר עָלָ֛יו הַכֹּהֵ֖ן לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And what is left of the oil in the priest's palm he shall put on the head of the one being cleansed, and the priest shall make atonement for him before YHWH.

Remaining oil on the head; atonement pronouncedוְ (fronted phrase)
The last of the oil is placed on the man's head — an anointing-like act — and the priest 'makes atonement' (כִּפֶּר) for him before YHWH, the summary verb governing the whole eighth-day rite (vv.18-20).
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְהַנּוֹתָ֗רand what is leftconj וְ + art + Niphal ptc m sg abs · יָתַר (H3498)Substantival participle (subject: 'the remainder')→ Niphal participle: resultant state — 'that which is left over'יָתַר (H3498), Niphal 'to be left, remain'; substantivized 'the remainder' of the oil after the sprinkling and daubing.
בַּשֶּׁ֨מֶן֙of the oilprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Prepositional phrase (partitive: 'of the oil')שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the בְּ here is partitive — 'the remainder of/among the oil' in the priest's palm.
אֲשֶׁר֙that isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; introduces 'that is on the priest's palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; the oil is on the priest's palm.
כַּ֣ףthe palm ofN f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַל, construct headכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; the priest's left palm, still holding oil.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Genitive (construct complement: 'the priest's palm')כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
יִתֵּ֖ןhe shall putQal yiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause, after fronted phrase)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — the priest's required actנָתַן (H5414) 'to put, place'; the leftover oil is placed on the man's head, a gesture recalling anointing.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'on'; marks the head as the destination of the remaining oil.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Object of preposition עַל, construct headרֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'; the crown of the man receives the leftover oil, an anointing-like act completing his consecration.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֑רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the head)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
וְכִפֶּ֥רand he shall make atonementconj וְ + Piel weqatal 3ms · כָּפַר (H3722)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Piel): the atoning act, purging/covering on the man's behalfכָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement, purge, cover'; the priest's atoning action that ritually clears the man before YHWH.
עָלָ֛יוfor himprep עַל + suff 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) with 3ms suffix, 'for/on his behalf'; the man is the beneficiary of the atonement.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְכִפֶּרכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the atoning agent.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of' — the atonement is enacted at the sanctuary.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name; the atonement is made 'before YHWH'.
19

וְעָשָׂ֤ה הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֶת הַ֣חַטָּ֔את וְכִפֶּ֕ר עַל הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר מִטֻּמְאָת֑וֹ וְאַחַ֖ר יִשְׁחַ֥ט אֶת הָעֹלָֽה

And the priest shall perform the sin offering and make atonement for the one being cleansed from his uncleanness, and afterward he shall slaughter the burnt offering.

Sin offering and atonement, then the burnt offeringוְ (sequential)
After the guilt offering and the blood-and-oil daubing, the priest performs the sin offering to purge the man's uncleanness, then slaughters the burnt offering — the standard atoning sequence now applied to the restored outcast.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְעָשָׂ֤הand he shall performconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; here 'to perform/offer' the sacrifice — the priest carries out the sin offering.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְעָשָׂהכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking הַחַטָּאת; untranslated.
הַ֣חַטָּ֔אתthe sin offeringart + N f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Direct object of וְעָשָׂהחַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin/purification offering'; the ewe lamb of v.10, offered to purge impurity.
וְכִפֶּ֕רand he shall make atonementconj וְ + Piel weqatal 3ms · כָּפַר (H3722)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Piel): the atoning act, purging the man's uncleannessכָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement, purge'; the sin offering effects atonement 'from his uncleanness'.
עַלforprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) 'for, on behalf of'; marks the one being cleansed as the beneficiary.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֖רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Object of preposition עַל (substantival participle)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
מִטֻּמְאָת֑וֹfrom his uncleannessprep מִן + N f sg constr + suff 3ms · טֻמְאָה (H2932)Prepositional phrase (source/separation)טֻמְאָה (H2932) 'uncleanness, impurity'; the ritual defilement of the scale-disease from which atonement now separates him.
וְאַחַ֖רand afterwardconj וְ + adverb · אַחַר (H310)Temporal adverb (sequencing the burnt offering)אַחַר (H310) 'after, afterward'; orders the burnt offering after the sin offering and atonement.
יִשְׁחַ֥טhe shall slaughterQal yiqtol 3ms · שָׁחַט (H7819)Predicate verb (main clause, after temporal adverb)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — the priest's required actשָׁחַט (H7819) 'to slaughter'; the burnt offering is slain last in the eighth-day sequence.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking הָעֹלָה; untranslated.
הָעֹלָֽהthe burnt offeringart + N f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct object of יִשְׁחַטעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering' (lit. 'that which ascends'); wholly burned, the male lamb of v.10.
20

וְהֶעֱלָ֧ה הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶת הָעֹלָ֥ה וְאֶת הַמִּנְחָ֖ה הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָה וְכִפֶּ֥ר עָלָ֛יו הַכֹּהֵ֖ן וְטָהֵֽר

And the priest shall offer up the burnt offering and the grain offering on the altar; and the priest shall make atonement for him, and he shall be clean.

Burnt and grain offerings; concluding atonement and cleansingוְ (sequential)
The burnt and grain offerings ascend on the altar, the priest completes the atonement, and the closing וְטָהֵר declares the man clean — the climax of the eighth-day rite (vv.10-20) and of the whole restoration.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְהֶעֱלָ֧הand he shall offer upconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Hiphil): the offering-up (burning) of the sacrifice on the altarעָלָה (H5927), Hiphil 'to offer up (in smoke)', the technical verb for burning the עֹלָה on the altar.
הַכֹּהֵ֛ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְהֶעֱלָהכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking הָעֹלָה; untranslated.
הָעֹלָ֥הthe burnt offeringart + N f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Direct object of וְהֶעֱלָהעֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; offered up whole on the altar.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (second object)אֵת (H853), conjunction + object marker introducing the grain offering.
הַמִּנְחָ֖הthe grain offeringart + N f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Direct object of וְהֶעֱלָה (second object)מִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the fine flour of v.10, offered up with the burnt offering.
הַמִּזְבֵּ֑חָהto the altarart + N m sg abs + directional ה · מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196)Adverbial accusative of direction (with locative ־ָה)מִזְבֵּחַ (H4196) 'altar' (from זָבַח 'to slaughter/sacrifice'); the directional ־ָה, 'toward the altar', where the offerings are burned.
וְכִפֶּ֥רand he shall make atonementconj וְ + Piel weqatal 3ms · כָּפַר (H3722)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Piel): the completing atoning actכָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement'; the summarizing atonement that completes the eighth-day rite.
עָלָ֛יוfor himprep עַל + suff 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) with 3ms suffix, 'for him'; the man on whose behalf atonement is completed.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְכִפֶּרכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the atoning agent.
וְטָהֵֽרand he shall be cleanconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Predicate verb (main clause, resultant state)→ Weqatal (Qal stative): the resultant achieved state of cleannessטָהֵר (H2891) Qal 'to be/become clean'; the concluding declaration — the man is now fully clean, restored to community and sanctuary.
21

וְאִם דַּ֣ל ה֗וּא וְאֵ֣ין יָדוֹ֮ מַשֶּׂגֶת֒ וְ֠לָקַח כֶּ֣בֶשׂ אֶחָ֥ד אָשָׁ֛ם לִתְנוּפָ֖ה לְכַפֵּ֣ר עָלָ֑יו וְעִשָּׂר֨וֹן סֹ֜לֶת אֶחָ֨ד בָּל֥וּל בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶן לְמִנְחָ֖ה וְלֹ֥ג שָֽׁמֶן

But if he is poor and his means do not reach far enough, he shall take one male lamb as a reparation offering for a wave offering, to make atonement for him, and one-tenth of an ephah of fine flour mixed with oil for a grain offering, and a log of oil,

Conditional/casuistic concession (poverty clause)וְאִם
Introduces the poverty concession paralleling Lev 5:7-13, later echoed in Luke 2:24 (Mary and Joseph's offering). The idiom וְאֵין יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת, 'and his hand does not reach/attain,' is the standard biblical expression for inability to afford the full offering; the אָשָׁם lamb alone remains non-negotiable even for the poor.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְאִםbut ifconj + conditional particle · אִם (H518)Protasis marker introducing conditional (poverty clause)אִם, H518, conditional particle 'if'; shifts from the standard case (vv.1-20) to the poverty concession, paralleling the graded provision of Lev 5:7-11 and echoed in Luke 2:24 where Mary and Joseph bring the poor person's offering.
דַּ֣לpooradj ms abs · דַּל (H1800)Predicate adjective (subject complement)דַּל, H1800, 'poor, thin, weak, low'; predicate adjective describing the one being cleansed, establishing the economic condition triggering the concession.
ה֗וּאhepers pron 3ms · הוּא (H1931)Subject pronoun (copula with predicate adjective)הוּא, H1931, independent 3ms pronoun functioning as subject/copula with דַּל: 'he is poor.'
וְאֵ֣יןand there is notconj + neg existential particle · אַיִן (H369)Negative existential clause (coordinate with protasis)אַיִן, H369, negative existential particle 'there is not/no'; with the following participle יָדוֹ מַשֶּׂגֶת forms the fixed idiom for financial inability, 'his hand does not reach/attain.'
יָדוֹ֮his handN common sg constr + 3ms suffix · יָד (H3027)Subject of participial clause (idiom of means)יָד, H3027, 'hand' + 3ms suffix; subject of the participle מַשֶּׂגֶת in the idiom 'his hand does not attain/afford.'
מַשֶּׂגֶת֒reaching / affordingHiphil ptc fs abs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate participle completing negative existential clause→ Hiphil participle: durative/characteristic state -- his hand [habitually] does not attain [sufficient means]נָשַׂג, H5381, Hiphil הִשִּׂיג 'to reach, attain, overtake'; here idiomatically 'to afford, have sufficient means.' Feminine participle agreeing with יָד.
וְ֠לָקַחthen he shall takeconj + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Apodosis: weqatal main clause (result of the concession)→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual instruction following the conditional protasisלָקַח, H3947, Qal 'to take'; weqatal form continuing the case-law sequence, launching the apodosis of the poverty concession -- the reduced offering list of vv.21-22.
כֶּ֣בֶשׂa male lambN m sg abs · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct objectכֶּבֶשׂ, H3532, 'male lamb'; here only a single lamb is required, replacing the two ewe lambs and one male lamb of vv.10, 19-20.
אֶחָ֥דonenum ms abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying כֶּבֶשׂאֶחָד, H259, 'one'; specifies a single lamb, in contrast to the fuller provision of the wealthy person's offering (vv.10-20).
אָשָׁ֛םas a guilt offeringN m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Adverbial accusative (predicate role: the lamb's category)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt/reparation offering'; the single lamb serves as the אָשָׁם — the one offering the poor may not omit.
לִתְנוּפָ֖הfor a wave offeringprep לְ + N f sg abs · תְּנוּפָה (H8573)Prepositional phrase of purposeתְּנוּפָה (H8573) 'wave/elevation offering'; the lamb is designated to be elevated, as in the full rite (v.12).
לְכַפֵּ֣רto make atonementprep לְ + Piel inf constr · כָּפַר (H3722)Infinitive of purpose→ Infinitive construct (Piel): purpose — 'in order to make atonement'כָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement'; purpose infinitive — the reduced offering still effects full atonement for the poor man.
עָלָ֑יוfor himprep עַל + suff 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) with 3ms suffix, 'for him'; the poor man is the beneficiary.
וְעִשָּׂר֨וֹןand a tenth-partconj וְ + N m sg abs · עִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241)Direct object (measure of flour), conjoinedעִשָּׂרוֹן (H6241) 'tenth-part (of an ephah)'; a single tenth, reduced from the three-tenths of the full rite (v.10).
סֹ֜לֶתof fine flourN f sg abs · סֹלֶת (H5560)Noun in apposition (substance measured)סֹלֶת (H5560) 'fine flour'; the substance of the reduced grain offering.
אֶחָ֨דonenumeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Numeral modifying עִשָּׂרוֹןאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; a single tenth-part, emphasizing the reduced measure.
בָּל֥וּלmixedQal pass ptc m sg abs · בָּלַל (H1101)Passive participle modifying עִשָּׂרוֹן/סֹלֶת (attributive)→ Qal passive participle: resultant state ('having been mixed')בָּלַל (H1101) 'to mix, mingle'; the flour is mixed with oil, standard grain-offering preparation.
בַּשֶּׁ֛מֶןwith the oilprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Prepositional phrase of meansשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the medium mixed into the flour.
לְמִנְחָ֖הfor a grain offeringprep לְ + N f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Prepositional phrase of purpose/categoryמִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the category of the oil-mixed flour.
וְלֹ֥גand a log ofconj וְ + N m sg constr · לֹג (H3849)Direct object, construct head, conjoinedלֹג (H3849), the small liquid measure; the log of oil is unchanged from the full rite — the poverty concession does not reduce the oil.
שָֽׁמֶןoilN m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive noun completing the measure phraseשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the substance measured by the log.
22

וּשְׁתֵּ֣י תֹרִ֗ים א֤וֹ שְׁנֵי֙ בְּנֵ֣י יוֹנָ֔ה אֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּשִּׂ֖יג יָד֑וֹ וְהָיָ֤ה אֶחָד֙ חַטָּ֔את וְהָאֶחָ֖ד עֹלָֽה

and two turtledoves or two young pigeons, whichever his means can afford, one to be a sin offering and the other a burnt offering.

Completes the poor person's reduced offering listוְ (continuation)
The bird pair replaces the two lambs of the sin and burnt offerings; the same graded concession as 5:7-10. One bird purges (חַטָּאת), the other ascends whole (עֹלָה) — the substance of the rite unchanged, only its cost scaled to means.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וּשְׁתֵּ֣יand twoconj וְ + numeral f du constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct (quantifying), conjoinedשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', feminine construct governing תֹרִים.
תֹרִ֗יםturtledovesN c pl abs · תּוֹר (H8449)Direct object (governed by וְלָקַח of v.21)תּוֹר (H8449) 'turtledove'; the inexpensive bird-offering that replaces the sin and burnt lambs for the poor (cf. 5:7; Luke 2:24).
א֤וֹorconj · אוֹ (H176)Disjunctive conjunctionאוֹ (H176) 'or'; turtledoves and young pigeons are interchangeable options.
שְׁנֵי֙two ofnumeral m du constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Numeral in construct governing בְּנֵי יוֹנָהשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two', masculine construct form governing 'young pigeons'.
בְּנֵ֣יyoung ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct head ('young/sons of')בֵּן (H1121) 'son'; idiomatic בְּנֵי יוֹנָה, 'young pigeons', literally 'sons of a dove'.
יוֹנָ֔הa pigeonN f sg abs · יוֹנָה (H3123)Genitive (construct complement)יוֹנָה (H3123) 'dove, pigeon'; בְּנֵי יוֹנָה = young pigeons, the alternative to turtledoves.
אֲשֶׁ֥רwhicheverrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing a means-conditioned clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative 'which/whatever'; conditions the bird-offering on what the man can afford.
תַּשִּׂ֖יגhis means can affordHiphil yiqtol 3fs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate verb of relative clause (subject יָדוֹ)→ Yiqtol (Hiphil): modal — 'as much as his hand can attain'נָשַׂג (H5381) Hiphil 'to reach, attain, afford'; feminine to agree with יָד — 'whatever his hand can afford'.
יָד֑וֹhis handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Subject of תַּשִּׂיג (idiom of means)יָד (H3027) 'hand'; idiom for economic capacity, 'his means'.
וְהָיָ֤הand it shall beconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal→ Weqatal: assigning the roles of the two birdsהָיָה (H1961) 'to be'; distributes the two birds — one for the sin offering, one for the burnt offering.
אֶחָד֙onenumeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Subject (the first bird)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the first of the two birds.
חַטָּ֔אתa sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Predicate nominative (role of the first bird)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; one bird serves this purging function.
וְהָאֶחָ֖דand the otherconj וְ + art + numeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Subject (the second bird)אֶחָד (H259) 'the one/other'; the article distinguishes the second bird.
עֹלָֽהa burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Predicate nominative (role of the second bird)עֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; the second bird's function.
23

וְהֵבִ֨יא אֹתָ֜ם בַּיּ֧וֹם הַשְּׁמִינִ֛י לְטָהֳרָת֖וֹ אֶל הַכֹּהֵ֑ן אֶל פֶּ֥תַח אֹֽהֶל מוֹעֵ֖ד לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And on the eighth day he shall bring them for his cleansing to the priest, to the entrance of the tent of meeting, before YHWH.

Presentation of the poor man's offerings on the eighth dayוְ (sequential)
Exactly as in the full rite (v.11), the poor man presents his offerings on the eighth day at the tent entrance, before YHWH — the location and timing are identical; only the offering is scaled down.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְהֵבִ֨יאand he shall bringconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential instructionבּוֹא (H935) Hiphil 'to bring'; the poor man brings his offerings on the eighth day, as the wealthier man did (v.11).
אֹתָ֜םthemobj marker + suff 3mp · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (resumptive)אֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix, 'them' — the birds, flour, and oil just listed.
בַּיּ֧וֹםon the dayprep בְּ + art + N m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Adverbial temporal phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day'; 'on the eighth day', the appointed time for the offerings.
הַשְּׁמִינִ֛יthe eighthart + ordinal adj m sg abs · שְׁמִינִי (H8066)Attributive adjective (ordinal) modifying יוֹםשְׁמִינִי (H8066) 'eighth'; the same eighth-day terminus of purification as the full rite (v.10).
לְטָהֳרָת֖וֹfor his cleansingprep לְ + N f sg constr + suff 3ms · טָהֳרָה (H2893)Prepositional phrase of purposeטָהֳרָה (H2893) 'cleansing, purification'; with 3ms suffix, the goal of bringing the offerings.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal)אֶל (H413) 'to'; marks the priest as recipient.
הַכֹּהֵ֑ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Object of preposition אֶלכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the officiant who receives the offerings.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase (goal, appositional)אֶל (H413) 'to'; specifies the location — the tent entrance.
פֶּ֥תַחthe entrance ofN m sg constr · פֶּתַח (H6607)Construct head (location)פֶּתַח (H6607) 'opening, entrance'; heads the chain 'entrance of the tent of meeting'.
אֹֽהֶלthe tent ofN m sg constr · אֹהֶל (H168)Construct chain (genitival)אֹהֶל (H168) 'tent'.
מוֹעֵ֖דmeetingN m sg abs · מוֹעֵד (H4150)Genitive completing 'tent of meeting'מוֹעֵד (H4150) 'appointed meeting'; the full phrase 'tent of meeting' names the sanctuary.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
24

וְלָקַ֧ח הַכֹּהֵ֛ן אֶת כֶּ֥בֶשׂ הָאָשָׁ֖ם וְאֶת לֹ֣ג הַשָּׁ֑מֶן וְהֵנִ֨יף אֹתָ֧ם הַכֹּהֵ֛ן תְּנוּפָ֖ה לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And the priest shall take the lamb of the guilt offering and the log of oil, and the priest shall elevate them as a wave offering before YHWH.

Elevation of the poor man's guilt offering and oilוְ (sequential)
The reduced rite resumes the full procedure of v.12: the single lamb and the log of oil are elevated before YHWH — the gesture identical, the number of animals alone diminished.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְלָקַ֧חand he shall takeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the priest takes the poor man's guilt-offering lamb and oil, as in v.12.
הַכֹּהֵ֛ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְלָקַחכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking the guilt-offering lamb; untranslated.
כֶּ֥בֶשׂthe lamb ofN m sg constr · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object, construct headכֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'male lamb'; the single lamb of the poor man's offering (v.21).
הָאָשָׁ֖םthe guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of כֶּבֶשׂ)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt offering'; 'the lamb of the guilt offering'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (second object)אֵת (H853), conjunction + object marker introducing the log of oil.
לֹ֣גthe log ofN m sg constr · לֹג (H3849)Direct object, construct head (second object)לֹג (H3849), the small liquid measure; the log of oil, unreduced even for the poor.
הַשָּׁ֑מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Genitive (construct complement of לֹג)שֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; 'the log of oil'.
וְהֵנִ֨יףand he shall elevateconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · נוּף (H5130)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Hiphil): the elevation-gesture with lamb and oilנוּף (H5130) Hiphil 'to wave, elevate'; the same elevation gesture as v.12, now for the poor man's offering.
אֹתָ֧םthemobj marker + suff 3mp · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (lamb and oil)אֵת (H853) + 3mp suffix, 'them' — the lamb and the log of oil elevated together.
הַכֹּהֵ֛ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְהֵנִיף (repeated)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; subject repeated, as often in this ritual prose.
תְּנוּפָ֖הas a wave offeringN f sg abs · תְּנוּפָה (H8573)Adverbial accusative of manner (cognate object)תְּנוּפָה (H8573) 'wave/elevation offering'; cognate accusative reinforcing וְהֵנִיף.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
25

וְשָׁחַט֮ אֶת כֶּ֣בֶשׂ הָֽאָשָׁם֒ וְלָקַ֤ח הַכֹּהֵן֙ מִדַּ֣ם הָֽאָשָׁ֔ם וְנָתַ֛ן עַל תְּנ֥וּךְ אֹֽזֶן הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר הַיְמָנִ֑ית וְעַל בֹּ֤הֶן יָדוֹ֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֥הֶן רַגְל֖וֹ הַיְמָנִֽית

And he shall slaughter the lamb of the guilt offering, and the priest shall take some of the blood of the guilt offering and put it on the lobe of the right ear of the one being cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot.

Guilt-offering blood daubed on the poor man's extremitiesוְ (sequential)
The blood application to ear, thumb, and toe (vv.25-28) reproduces vv.14-17 exactly — the ordination-like gesture is undiminished for the poor. The concession touches only the animals offered, never the ritual substance.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וְשָׁחַט֮and he shall slaughterconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · שָׁחַט (H7819)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionשָׁחַט (H7819) 'to slaughter'; the poor man's guilt-offering lamb is slain, as in v.13.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking the guilt-offering lamb; untranslated.
כֶּ֣בֶשׂthe lamb ofN m sg constr · כֶּבֶשׂ (H3532)Direct object, construct headכֶּבֶשׂ (H3532) 'male lamb'; construct with 'the guilt offering'.
הָֽאָשָׁם֒the guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of כֶּבֶשׂ)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt offering'; 'the lamb of the guilt offering'.
וְלָקַ֤חand he shall takeconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the priest takes the guilt-offering blood for the daubing, as in v.14.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְלָקַחכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
מִדַּ֣םsome of the blood ofprep מִן + N m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Prepositional phrase (partitive), construct headדָּם (H1818) 'blood'; partitive מִן, 'some of the blood' of the guilt offering.
הָֽאָשָׁ֔םthe guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of דַּם)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt offering'; its blood is applied to the man's extremities.
וְנָתַ֛ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionנָתַן (H5414) 'to put, place'; the blood is daubed on ear, thumb, and toe — the ordination gesture repeated for the poor man.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'on'; marks the earlobe as the first point of application.
תְּנ֥וּךְthe lobe ofN m sg constr · תְּנוּךְ (H8571)Construct head (locus of application)תְּנוּךְ (H8571) 'lobe of the ear'; the first of the three points.
אֹֽזֶןthe ear ofN f sg constr · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct complement (genitival: 'lobe of the ear')אֹזֶן (H241) 'ear'; 'the lobe of the ear'.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֖רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the ear)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
הַיְמָנִ֑יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֹזֶןיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right earlobe.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), second pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the thumb of the right hand.
בֹּ֤הֶןthe thumb ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'thumb'; the second point.
יָדוֹ֙his handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Construct complement (genitival: 'thumb of his hand')יָד (H3027) 'hand'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right hand'.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying יָדיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right hand.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), third pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the big toe of the right foot.
בֹּ֥הֶןthe big toe ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'big toe'; the third point.
רַגְל֖וֹhis footN f sg constr + suff 3ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct complement (genitival: 'toe of his foot')רֶגֶל (H7272) 'foot'; with 3ms suffix, 'his right foot'.
הַיְמָנִֽיתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying רֶגֶליְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; completing the threefold right-side application.
26

וּמִן הַשֶּׁ֖מֶן יִצֹ֣ק הַכֹּהֵ֑ן עַל כַּ֥ף הַכֹּהֵ֖ן הַשְּׂמָאלִֽית

And the priest shall pour some of the oil into his own left palm.

Oil poured into the palm for the poor man's riteוְ (fronted phrase)
As in v.15, the priest pours oil into his left palm as the reservoir for the sprinkling and daubing that follow (vv.27-29).
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וּמִןand some ofconj וְ + prep · מִן (H4480)Fronted partitive prepositional phraseמִן (H4480) 'from, some of'; the partitive phrase 'and some of the oil' is fronted before the verb.
הַשֶּׁ֖מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of partitive מִןשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the log of oil from which the priest pours into his palm.
יִצֹ֣קhe shall pourQal yiqtol 3ms · יָצַק (H3332)Predicate verb (main clause, after fronted phrase)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — the priest's required actיָצַק (H3332) 'to pour'; the oil is poured into the priest's left palm, as in v.15.
הַכֹּהֵ֑ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of יִצֹקכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
עַלintoprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'onto, into'; the oil is poured into the priest's left palm.
כַּ֥ףthe palm ofN f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַל, construct headכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; the cupped left hand as oil-vessel.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Genitive (construct complement: 'the priest's palm')כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; his own left palm.
הַשְּׂמָאלִֽיתthe leftart + adj f sg abs · שְׂמָאלִי (H8042)Attributive adjective modifying כַּףשְׂמָאלִי (H8042) 'left'; the left palm holds the oil.
27

וְהִזָּ֤ה הַכֹּהֵן֙ בְּאֶצְבָּע֣וֹ הַיְמָנִ֔ית מִן הַשֶּׁ֕מֶן אֲשֶׁ֥ר עַל כַּפּ֖וֹ הַשְּׂמָאלִ֑ית שֶׁ֥בַע פְּעָמִ֖ים לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And the priest shall sprinkle with his right finger some of the oil that is in his left palm seven times before YHWH.

Sevenfold oil-sprinkling for the poor manוְ (sequential)
Identical to v.16 — the sevenfold Godward sprinkling of oil — showing that the poor man's rite is fully equivalent in ritual substance to the wealthy man's.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְהִזָּ֤הand he shall sprinkleconj וְ + Hiphil weqatal 3ms · נָזָה (H5137)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Hiphil): the sevenfold oil-sprinklingנָזָה (H5137) Hiphil 'to sprinkle'; the poor man's oil rite (vv.27-29) matches vv.16-18 exactly.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְהִזָּהכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
בְּאֶצְבָּע֣וֹwith his fingerprep בְּ + N f sg constr + suff 3ms · אֶצְבַּע (H676)Prepositional phrase of instrumentאֶצְבַּע (H676) 'finger'; instrumental בְּ, 'with his right finger'.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֶצְבַּעיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right finger.
מִןsome ofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive)מִן (H4480) 'some of'; a portion of the oil is sprinkled.
הַשֶּׁ֕מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of partitive מִןשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the oil in the priest's left palm.
אֲשֶׁ֥רthat isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; 'that is on his left palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; the oil is on his left palm.
כַּפּ֖וֹhis palmN f sg constr + suff 3ms · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַלכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; his left palm holding the oil.
הַשְּׂמָאלִ֑יתthe leftart + adj f sg abs · שְׂמָאלִי (H8042)Attributive adjective modifying כַּףשְׂמָאלִי (H8042) 'left'; the left palm.
שֶׁ֥בַעsevennumeral card f sg abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial accusative (numeral modifying פְּעָמִים)שֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the sevenfold sprinkling of completeness.
פְּעָמִ֖יםtimesN f pl abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Adverbial accusative of frequencyפַּעַם (H6471) 'time, occurrence'; 'seven times'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
28

וְנָתַ֨ן הַכֹּהֵ֜ן מִן הַשֶּׁ֣מֶן אֲשֶׁ֣ר עַל כַּפּ֗וֹ עַל תְּנ֞וּךְ אֹ֤זֶן הַמִּטַּהֵר֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֤הֶן יָדוֹ֙ הַיְמָנִ֔ית וְעַל בֹּ֥הֶן רַגְל֖וֹ הַיְמָנִ֑ית עַל מְק֖וֹם דַּ֥ם הָאָשָֽׁם

And the priest shall put some of the oil that is in his palm on the lobe of the right ear of the one being cleansed, on the thumb of his right hand, and on the big toe of his right foot, on the place of the blood of the guilt offering.

Oil daubed over the blood on the three pointsוְ (sequential)
Verbatim parallel to v.17: the oil is placed on ear, thumb, and toe, precisely 'on the place of the blood of the guilt offering' — blood and oil layered together for the poor man just as for the rich.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְנָתַ֨ןand he shall putconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionנָתַן (H5414) 'to put'; the oil is daubed on the same three extremities, over the blood, as in v.17.
הַכֹּהֵ֜ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְנָתַןכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
מִןsome ofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive)מִן (H4480) 'some of'; a portion of the palm-oil is applied.
הַשֶּׁ֣מֶןthe oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of partitive מִןשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the oil in the priest's palm.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthat isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; 'that is on his palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; the oil is on his palm.
כַּפּ֗וֹhis palmN f sg constr + suff 3ms · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַלכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; his left palm.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'on'; marks the earlobe as the first daubing point.
תְּנ֞וּךְthe lobe ofN m sg constr · תְּנוּךְ (H8571)Construct head (locus of application)תְּנוּךְ (H8571) 'lobe of the ear'; the first point.
אֹ֤זֶןthe ear ofN f sg constr · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct complement (genitival: 'lobe of the ear')אֹזֶן (H241) 'ear'; 'the lobe of the ear'.
הַמִּטַּהֵר֙the one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the ear)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying אֹזֶןיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right earlobe.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), second pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the thumb of the right hand.
בֹּ֤הֶןthe thumb ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'thumb'; the second point.
יָדוֹ֙his handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Construct complement (genitival: 'thumb of his hand')יָד (H3027) 'hand'; 'his right hand'.
הַיְמָנִ֔יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying יָדיְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right hand.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative), third pointעַל (H5921) 'on'; introduces the big toe of the right foot.
בֹּ֥הֶןthe big toe ofN f sg constr · בֹּהֶן (H931)Construct head (locus of application)בֹּהֶן (H931) 'big toe'; the third point.
רַגְל֖וֹhis footN f sg constr + suff 3ms · רֶגֶל (H7272)Construct complement (genitival: 'toe of his foot')רֶגֶל (H7272) 'foot'; 'his right foot'.
הַיְמָנִ֑יתthe rightart + adj f sg abs · יְמָנִי (H3233)Attributive adjective modifying רֶגֶליְמָנִי (H3233) 'right'; the right foot.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative: 'on the place of')עַל (H5921) 'on, upon'; the oil goes on the very spot where the blood was placed.
מְק֖וֹםthe place ofN m sg constr · מָקוֹם (H4725)Object of preposition עַל, construct headמָקוֹם (H4725) 'place'; 'the place of the blood' — the oil is laid precisely on the blood-spots, sealing the two together.
דַּ֥םthe blood ofN m sg constr · דָּם (H1818)Construct complement (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood'; the guilt-offering blood daubed in v.25.
הָאָשָֽׁםthe guilt offeringart + N m sg abs · אָשָׁם (H817)Genitive (construct complement of דַּם)אָשָׁם (H817) 'guilt offering'; 'the place of the blood of the guilt offering'.
29

וְהַנּוֹתָ֗ר מִן הַשֶּׁ֨מֶן֙ אֲשֶׁר֙ עַל כַּ֣ף הַכֹּהֵ֔ן יִתֵּ֖ן עַל רֹ֣אשׁ הַמִּטַּהֵ֑ר לְכַפֵּ֥ר עָלָ֖יו לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And what is left of the oil in the priest's palm he shall put on the head of the one being cleansed, to make atonement for him before YHWH.

Remaining oil on the head; purpose of atonementוְ (fronted phrase)
As in v.18, the last of the oil goes on the man's head, with the purpose clause 'to make atonement for him before YHWH' — the poor man's rite reaches the same atoning goal as the full one.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְהַנּוֹתָ֗רand what is leftconj וְ + art + Niphal ptc m sg abs · יָתַר (H3498)Substantival participle (subject: 'the remainder')→ Niphal participle: resultant state — 'that which is left over'יָתַר (H3498), Niphal 'to be left, remain'; the leftover oil, as in v.18.
מִןofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive)מִן (H4480) 'of, from'; partitive with 'the oil'.
הַשֶּׁ֨מֶן֙the oilart + N m sg abs · שֶׁמֶן (H8081)Object of partitive מִןשֶׁמֶן (H8081) 'oil'; the oil remaining in the priest's palm.
אֲשֶׁר֙that isrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing attributive clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative particle; 'that is on the priest's palm'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative, within relative clause)עַל (H5921) 'on'; the oil is on the priest's palm.
כַּ֣ףthe palm ofN f sg constr · כַּף (H3709)Object of preposition עַל, construct headכַּף (H3709) 'palm'; the priest's left palm.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Genitive (construct complement: 'the priest's palm')כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'.
יִתֵּ֖ןhe shall putQal yiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (main clause, after fronted phrase)→ Yiqtol: prescriptive — the priest's required actנָתַן (H5414) 'to put'; the leftover oil is placed on the man's head, as in v.18.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (locative goal)עַל (H5921) 'on'; marks the head as the destination of the remaining oil.
רֹ֣אשׁthe head ofN m sg constr · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Object of preposition עַל, construct headרֹאשׁ (H7218) 'head'; the man's head receives the leftover oil.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֑רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Substantival participle (genitive: possessor of the head)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
לְכַפֵּ֥רto make atonementprep לְ + Piel inf constr · כָּפַר (H3722)Infinitive of purpose→ Infinitive construct (Piel): purpose — 'in order to make atonement'כָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement'; the purpose of the whole oil rite — atonement for the man before YHWH.
עָלָ֖יוfor himprep עַל + suff 3ms · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) with 3ms suffix, 'for him'; the poor man is the beneficiary.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
30

וְעָשָׂ֤ה אֶת הָֽאֶחָד֙ מִן הַתֹּרִ֔ים א֖וֹ מִן בְּנֵ֣י הַיּוֹנָ֑ה מֵאֲשֶׁ֥ר תַּשִּׂ֖יג יָדֽוֹ

And he shall offer one of the turtledoves or of the young pigeons, of whichever his means can afford,

Offering the bird pair, scaled to meansוְ (sequential)
The priest offers the two birds the man could afford — the poverty concession is reasserted, the offering fitted to the man's capacity while the atoning result is undiminished.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְעָשָׂ֤הand he shall offerconj וְ + Qal weqatal 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: next sequential ritual actionעָשָׂה (H6213) 'to do, make'; here 'to offer' — the priest offers the two birds as sin and burnt offerings.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking 'the one (bird)'; untranslated.
הָֽאֶחָד֙the oneart + numeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Direct object of וְעָשָׂהאֶחָד (H259) 'one'; 'the one' of the two birds, taken first.
מִןofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive)מִן (H4480) 'of, from'; partitive with 'the turtledoves'.
הַתֹּרִ֔יםthe turtledovesart + N c pl abs · תּוֹר (H8449)Object of partitive מִןתּוֹר (H8449) 'turtledove'; one of the pair brought by the poor man (v.22).
א֖וֹorconj · אוֹ (H176)Disjunctive conjunctionאוֹ (H176) 'or'; turtledoves or pigeons, as available.
מִןofprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase (partitive, second option)מִן (H4480) 'of, from'; partitive with 'the young pigeons'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe young ofN m pl constr · בֵּן (H1121)Construct head ('young of')בֵּן (H1121) 'son'; בְּנֵי הַיּוֹנָה, 'young pigeons'.
הַיּוֹנָ֑הthe pigeonart + N f sg abs · יוֹנָה (H3123)Genitive (construct complement)יוֹנָה (H3123) 'dove, pigeon'; 'the young of the pigeon' = young pigeons.
מֵאֲשֶׁ֥רof whicheverprep מִן + rel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative phrase (means-conditioned)אֲשֶׁר (H834) with מִן, 'of that which/whatever'; conditions the choice on what the man can afford.
תַּשִּׂ֖יגhis means can affordHiphil yiqtol 3fs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate verb of relative clause (subject יָדוֹ)→ Yiqtol (Hiphil): modal — 'as much as his hand can attain'נָשַׂג (H5381) Hiphil 'to attain, afford'; 'whatever his hand can afford'.
יָדֽוֹhis handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Subject of תַּשִּׂיג (idiom of means)יָד (H3027) 'hand'; idiom for economic capacity, 'his means'.
31

אֵ֣ת אֲשֶׁר תַּשִּׂ֞יג יָד֗וֹ אֶת הָאֶחָ֥ד חַטָּ֛את וְאֶת הָאֶחָ֥ד עֹלָ֖ה עַל הַמִּנְחָ֑ה וְכִפֶּ֧ר הַכֹּהֵ֛ן עַ֥ל הַמִּטַּהֵ֖ר לִפְנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

whichever his means can afford, the one as a sin offering and the other as a burnt offering, together with the grain offering; and the priest shall make atonement for the one being cleansed before YHWH.

Completion of the poor man's rite; atonementasyndeton
The two affordable birds serve as sin and burnt offerings alongside the grain offering, and the priest makes atonement 'before YHWH' — the poor man's cleansing reaches exactly the same end as the wealthy man's (v.20).
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
אֵ֣ת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (fronted, resuming the birds)אֵת (H853), nota accusativi; fronted, resuming 'whatever his hand can afford' as the object of the offering.
אֲשֶׁרwhicheverrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing a means-conditioned clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative 'which/whatever'; repeats the affordability condition.
תַּשִּׂ֞יגhis means can affordHiphil yiqtol 3fs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate verb of relative clause (subject יָדוֹ)→ Yiqtol (Hiphil): modal — 'as much as his hand can attain'נָשַׂג (H5381) Hiphil 'to attain, afford'; 'whatever his hand can afford'.
יָד֗וֹhis handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Subject of תַּשִּׂיג (idiom of means)יָד (H3027) 'hand'; 'his means'.
אֶת[obj]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object markerאֵת (H853), nota accusativi marking 'the one (bird)'; untranslated.
הָאֶחָ֥דthe oneart + numeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Direct object (the first bird)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'; the first bird, for the sin offering.
חַטָּ֛אתas a sin offeringN f sg abs · חַטָּאת (H2403)Adverbial accusative (predicate role of the first bird)חַטָּאת (H2403) 'sin offering'; the first bird's function.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct-object marker (second bird)אֵת (H853), conjunction + object marker introducing the second bird.
הָאֶחָ֥דthe otherart + numeral card m sg abs · אֶחָד (H259)Direct object (the second bird)אֶחָד (H259) 'the other'; the second bird, for the burnt offering.
עֹלָ֖הas a burnt offeringN f sg abs · עֹלָה (H5930)Adverbial accusative (predicate role of the second bird)עֹלָה (H5930) 'burnt offering'; the second bird's function.
עַלalong withprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (accompaniment)עַל (H5921) here 'in addition to, along with'; the birds are offered together with the grain offering.
הַמִּנְחָ֑הthe grain offeringart + N f sg abs · מִנְחָה (H4503)Object of preposition עַלמִנְחָה (H4503) 'grain offering'; the tenth-ephah of flour (v.21) accompanies the birds.
וְכִפֶּ֧רand he shall make atonementconj וְ + Piel weqatal 3ms · כָּפַר (H3722)Predicate verb (main clause), weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal (Piel): the completing atoning actכָּפַר (H3722) Piel 'to make atonement'; the priest completes atonement for the poor man, just as for the rich.
הַכֹּהֵ֛ןthe priestart + N m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְכִפֶּרכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the atoning agent.
עַ֥לforprep · עַל (H5921)Prepositional phrase (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) 'for, on behalf of'; marks the man as the beneficiary.
הַמִּטַּהֵ֖רthe one being cleansedart + Hitpael ptc m sg abs · טָהֵר (H2891)Object of preposition עַל (substantival participle)→ Hitpael participle: durative — the man undergoing purificationטָהֵר (H2891), Hitpael participle 'the one being cleansed'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep לְ + N c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Prepositional phrase of place ('before YHWH')פָּנִים (H6440) 'face(s)'; לִפְנֵי 'before, in the presence of'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Object of לִפְנֵייְהוָה (H3068), the divine name.
32

זֹ֣את תּוֹרַ֔ת אֲשֶׁר בּ֖וֹ נֶ֣גַע צָרָ֑עַת אֲשֶׁ֛ר לֹֽא תַשִּׂ֥יג יָד֖וֹ בְּטָהֳרָתֽוֹ

This is the instruction for the one who has a mark of scale-disease, whose means cannot afford the standard offerings for his cleansing.

Colophon closing the poverty concession (vv.21-32)asyndeton
The זֹאת תּוֹרַת formula seals the poor-person's provision as a distinct, teachable ruling: even one who cannot afford the full offering has a fixed, sufficient path to cleansing — the law bends its cost, never its outcome.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
זֹ֣אתthisdemonstrative pron f sg · זֹאת (H2063)Subject (casus pendens, heading the colophon)זֹאת (H2063), feminine demonstrative 'this'; opens the summary formula closing the poverty section.
תּוֹרַ֔תthe instruction forN f sg constr · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Predicate nominative, construct headתּוֹרָה (H8451) 'instruction, law'; construct — 'the instruction concerning the one who has scale-disease [but] cannot afford [the full offering].'
אֲשֶׁרthe one in whomrel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle (construct complement of תּוֹרַת)אֲשֶׁר (H834), relative 'who/in whom'; introduces 'in whom is a mark of scale-disease'.
בּ֖וֹin himprep בְּ + suff 3ms · בְּPrepositional phrase (locative, in the relative clause)בְּ 'in' with 3ms suffix; אֲשֶׁר בּוֹ, 'in whom [is]' — the man in whom the mark appears.
נֶ֣גַעa mark ofN m sg constr · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of the verbless relative clause, construct headנֶגַע (H5061) 'stroke, mark, plague'; construct with צָרַעַת, 'a mark of scale-disease'.
צָרָ֑עַתscale-diseaseN f sg abs · צָרַעַת (H6883)Genitive (construct with נֶגַע)צָרַעַת (H6883), the technical scale-disease of chs. 13-14, often (imprecisely) 'leprosy'.
אֲשֶׁ֛רwhoserel pron · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative particle introducing a second relative clauseאֲשֶׁר (H834), relative 'whose'; introduces 'whose hand cannot afford'.
לֹֽאnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negative particle modifying תַשִּׂיגלֹא (H3808) 'not'; negates the affording verb — 'whose hand does not attain [the full offering]'.
תַשִּׂ֥יגhis means can affordHiphil yiqtol 3fs · נָשַׂג (H5381)Predicate verb of relative clause (negated; subject יָדוֹ)→ Yiqtol (Hiphil): modal — his hand does not attain/affordנָשַׂג (H5381) Hiphil 'to attain, afford'; negated, 'whose hand cannot afford' the standard offerings.
יָד֖וֹhis handN (c) sg constr + suff 3ms · יָד (H3027)Subject of תַשִּׂיג (idiom of means)יָד (H3027) 'hand'; 'his means'.
בְּטָהֳרָתֽוֹfor his cleansingprep בְּ + N f sg constr + suff 3ms · טָהֳרָה (H2893)Prepositional phrase (temporal/purpose: 'at/for his cleansing')טָהֳרָה (H2893) 'cleansing, purification'; with בְּ and 3ms suffix, 'in/for his cleansing' — the whole diminished procedure exists so even the poor can be purified.
33

וַיְדַבֵּ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל מֹשֶׁ֥ה וְאֶֽל אַהֲרֹ֖ן לֵאמֹֽר

And YHWH spoke to Moses and Aaron, saying:

Fresh divine-speech formula opening the house-plague lawasyndeton
A new speech, addressed to Moses AND Aaron together (unlike 14:1, which named Moses alone), opens the house-plague legislation — perhaps because its verdicts (declaring a house permanently unclean, demolition) carry unusually weighty priestly-judicial consequences.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיְדַבֵּ֣רand he spokePiel wayyiqtol 3ms · דִּבֶּר (H1696)Wayyiqtol of narrative-speech formula→ Wayyiqtol: narrative-formulaic introduction of divine speechדִּבֶּר (H1696) Piel 'to speak'; opens a fresh divine-speech formula, here addressed to both Moses and Aaron together for the house-plague law. Source id 03248.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHproper noun · יְהוָה (H3068)Subject of וַיְדַבֵּריְהוָה (H3068), the covenant name; the speaker of this fresh house-plague legislation. Source id 035vz.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase marking the first addresseeאֶל (H413) 'to'; introduces Moses as recipient. Source id 03cN2.
מֹשֶׁ֥הMosesproper noun · מֹשֶׁה (H4872)Object of the preposition אֶלמֹשֶׁה (H4872), first-named addressee. Source id 032jd.
וְאֶֽלand toconj-prep · וְ/אֶל (H413)Coordinated prepositional phrase marking the second addresseeאֶל (H413) with prefixed וְ; coordinates Aaron as co-addressee of the speech — unusual for this chapter, since the skin-disease law's opening (14:1) addressed Moses alone. Source id 03K5Z.
אַהֲרֹ֖ןAaronproper noun · אַהֲרֹן (H175)Object of the preposition וְאֶל, second addresseeאַהֲרֹן (H175); co-addressed here with Moses, marking the house-plague law as jointly given — perhaps because its verdicts (declaring a house permanently unclean, its demolition) carry unusually weighty priestly-judicial consequences. Source id 03n6n.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingQal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive of manner introducing direct discourse→ Infinitive construct: marks the onset of quoted divine speechאָמַר (H559); the standard quotative infinitive opening the speech proper. Source id 03T41.
34

כִּ֤י תָבֹ֨אוּ֙ אֶל אֶ֣רֶץ כְּנַ֔עַן אֲשֶׁ֥ר אֲנִ֛י נֹתֵ֥ן לָכֶ֖ם לַאֲחֻזָּ֑ה וְנָתַתִּי֙ נֶ֣גַע צָרַ֔עַת בְּבֵ֖ית אֶ֥רֶץ אֲחֻזַּתְכֶֽם

When you come into the land of Canaan, which I am giving you as a possession, and I put a mark of scale-disease in a house in the land of your possession,

Protasis of the house-plague case law, set at the entry into Canaanכִּי (temporal protasis)
Anticipatory legislation for a land not yet possessed. Crucially, YHWH speaks in the first person: 'and I will put a mark of scale-disease in a house' (וְנָתַתִּי) — the affliction is attributed directly to divine agency, not to chance or an impersonal process, and must not be softened into a passive.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
כִּ֤יwhenconj · כִּי (H3588)Protasis (temporal 'when you come...')כִּי (H3588) temporal/conditional 'when'; opens the protasis of the house-plague case law, paralleling כִּי תָבֹאוּ in other entry-into-the-land legal formulas (e.g. Lev 19:23, 23:10, 25:2). Source id 03Bjn.
תָבֹ֨אוּ֙you comeQal impf 2mp · בּוֹא (H935)Verb of the protasis→ Imperfect: future/contingent entry envisioned as not-yet-realizedבּוֹא (H935) 'to come, enter'; the imperfect casts the entire house-plague law as anticipatory legislation for a land not yet possessed. Source id 0399z.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase, goal of entryאֶל (H413) 'to, into'. Source id 03zYd.
אֶ֣רֶץland ofnoun cs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct noun governing כְּנַעַןאֶרֶץ (H776) 'land'; construct before the place-name. Source id 03scM.
כְּנַ֔עַןCanaanproper noun · כְּנַעַן (H3667)Genitive complement of אֶרֶץכְּנַעַן (H3667), the promised land, here in anticipatory legislation given before the conquest. Source id 03cPY.
אֲשֶׁ֥רwhichrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause (defining the land as YHWH's gift)אֲשֶׁר (H834); introduces the relative clause identifying the land as the one YHWH is giving. Source id 03juj.
אֲנִ֛יIpronoun 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Independent subject pronoun, emphatic before נֹתֵןאֲנִי (H589) 'I'; the emphatic independent pronoun foregrounds YHWH as the personal giver of the land, setting up the parallel first-person grant of the plague itself two clauses later (וְנָתַתִּי). Source id 03pkn.
נֹתֵ֥ןgivingQal ptc ms · נָתַן (H5414)Participle predicate of the relative clause→ Participle: durative/present description of YHWH's ongoing gift of the landנָתַן (H5414) 'to give'; participle describing YHWH's continuous gift of the land — the same verb recurs in the perfect וְנָתַתִּי below for the giving of the plague, a deliberate lexical echo. Source id 03dgR.
לָכֶ֖םto youprep + 2mp suffix · לְIndirect object of נֹתֵןלְ with 2mp suffix; marks Israel as recipient of the land. Source id 03uxz.
לַאֲחֻזָּ֑הfor a possessionprep + noun · אֲחֻזָּה (H272)Prepositional phrase of purpose/resultאֲחֻזָּה (H272) 'possession, holding'; the land is given as a permanent tenured holding. Source id 03Mge.
וְנָתַתִּי֙and I will putQal weqatal 1cs · נָתַן (H5414)Apodosis-initiating weqatal, resuming the temporal protasis→ Weqatal: 1st-person volitional/future action — YHWH is the explicit grammatical subject and agent putting the plague in the house; the verb form is not a passive or impersonal eventנָתַן (H5414) Qal weqatal 1cs 'and I will give/put'; the 1st-person subject is YHWH himself (continuing אֲנִי נֹתֵן above), and the text states baldly that God places the mark of scale-disease in the house — the affliction is attributed directly to divine agency, not to chance, sin, or an impersonal process, and this must not be softened into a passive rendering. Source id 03Ymi.
נֶ֣גַעa mark ofnoun cs · נֶגַע (H5061)Direct object of וְנָתַתִּי, construct governing צָרַעַתנֶגַע (H5061) 'mark, plague, stroke'; construct before צָרַעַת. Source id 03h2b.
צָרַ֔עַתof scale-diseasenoun · צָרַעַת (H6883)Genitive complement of נֶגַעצָרַעַת (H6883) 'scale-disease'; the same term used throughout chs. 13-14 for the skin condition, now extended to houses. Source id 03E7Q.
בְּבֵ֖יתin a house ofprep + noun cs · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phrase, construct governing אֶרֶץבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; locates the plague specifically in a house rather than on skin or in a garment. Source id 03g5W.
אֶ֥רֶץthe land ofnoun cs · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct noun governing אֲחֻזַּתְכֶםאֶרֶץ (H776); construct chain 'house of the land of your possession'. Source id 036FM.
אֲחֻזַּתְכֶֽםyour possessionnoun cs + 2mp suffix · אֲחֻזָּה (H272)Genitive complement completing the construct chainאֲחֻזָּה (H272) with 2mp suffix 'your possession'; closes the chain 'house of the land of your possession', tying the house-plague law to Israel's future tenure in Canaan. Source id 035yw.
35

וּבָא֙ אֲשֶׁר ל֣וֹ הַבַּ֔יִת וְהִגִּ֥יד לַכֹּהֵ֖ן לֵאמֹ֑ר כְּנֶ֕גַע נִרְאָ֥ה לִ֖י בַּבָּֽיִת

then the owner of the house shall come and tell the priest, saying, 'Something like a mark has appeared to me in the house.'

The owner's mandated report to the priestוְ (apodosis)
The homeowner reports cautiously — 'something like a mark' (כְּנֶגַע) — hedged language, since only the priest, not the layman, has authority to declare it an actual mark of scale-disease.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וּבָא֙and he shall comeQal weqatal 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionבּוֹא (H935) 'to come'; the homeowner comes to report, continuing the sequence begun with וְנָתַתִּי. Source id 03YRc.
אֲשֶׁרwhoserelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause (defining the house's owner)אֲשֶׁר (H834); introduces 'whose the house [is]' = the owner of the house. Source id 03zfB.
ל֣וֹto him / hisprep + 3ms suffix · לְPredicate of possession within the relative clauseלְ with 3ms suffix; 'to whom [belongs] the house' = the house's owner. Source id 03jg4.
הַבַּ֔יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Subject of the possessive clause אֲשֶׁר לוֹבַּיִת (H1004) with article; the house that belongs to the reporting owner. Source id 031yU.
וְהִגִּ֥ידand he shall tellHiphil weqatal 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionנָגַד (H5046) Hiphil 'to tell, report'; the owner's legally required report to the priest, before the priest inspects. Source id 033fd.
לַכֹּהֵ֖ןto the priestprep + article + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Indirect object of וְהִגִּידכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the report's recipient and the sole legal authority to diagnose the mark. Source id 03CvK.
לֵאמֹ֑רsayingQal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive of manner introducing direct discourse→ Infinitive construct: marks the onset of the owner's quoted reportאָמַר (H559); introduces the owner's exact words of report. Source id 03Vio.
כְּנֶ֕גַעlike a mark/plagueprep + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Predicate complement of נִרְאָה, comparativeנֶגַע (H5061) with כְּ 'like'; the owner reports only that something appearing like a plague-mark has been seen — deliberately hedged language, since only the priest, not the layman, has authority to declare it an actual נֶגַע צָרַעַת. Source id 03pZB.
נִרְאָ֥הhas appearedNiphal perf 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate of the reported clause→ Niphal perfect: passive/reflexive — something 'has been seen', stated cautiously as an observation rather than a diagnosisרָאָה (H7200) Niphal 'to appear, be seen'; the owner reports an appearance, leaving the legal determination to the priest's inspection in v. 36f. Source id 03S2M.
לִ֖יto meprep + 1cs suffix · לְExperiencer/dative complement of נִרְאָהלְ with 1cs suffix; marks the owner as the one to whom the mark appeared. Source id 03eZE.
בַּבָּֽיִתin the houseprep + article + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) with article; locates the reported mark. Source id 03W4S.
36

וְצִוָּ֨ה הַכֹּהֵ֜ן וּפִנּ֣וּ אֶת הַבַּ֗יִת בְּטֶ֨רֶם יָבֹ֤א הַכֹּהֵן֙ לִרְא֣וֹת אֶת הַנֶּ֔גַע וְלֹ֥א יִטְמָ֖א כָּל אֲשֶׁ֣ר בַּבָּ֑יִת וְאַ֥חַר כֵּ֛ן יָבֹ֥א הַכֹּהֵ֖ן לִרְא֥וֹת אֶת הַבָּֽיִת

And the priest shall command that they empty the house before the priest goes in to inspect the mark, so that nothing that is in the house becomes unclean; and afterward the priest shall go in to inspect the house.

Protective procedure: emptying the house before inspectionוְ (sequential)
A telling protective provision: the house is cleared before the priest's verdict, so that its contents are not declared unclean merely by proximity to an unconfirmed mark. Only after emptying does the priest enter to inspect.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וְצִוָּ֨הand he shall commandPiel weqatal 3ms · צָוָה (H6680)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionצָוָה (H6680) Piel 'to command'; the priest issues the order to empty the house before he himself enters — a protective procedural provision. Source id 03Gbr.
הַכֹּהֵ֜ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְצִוָּהכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 03v99.
וּפִנּ֣וּand they shall clear outPiel weqatal 3cp · פָּנָה (H6437)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction (3rd-party subject, the house's occupants)→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionפָּנָה (H6437) Piel 'to clear out, empty'; the household's occupants empty the house at the priest's command, a small but telling protective touch so that nothing inside the house is declared unclean merely by proximity to the mark. Source id 03djw.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַבַּיִת as direct object of וּפִנּוּ. Source id 03cqT.
הַבַּ֗יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וּפִנּוּבַּיִת (H1004); the house being emptied before inspection. Source id 03pWC.
בְּטֶ֨רֶםbeforeprep + adverb · טֶרֶם (H2962)Temporal clause marker (subordinating)טֶרֶם (H2962) 'not yet, before'; introduces the temporal clause specifying that the emptying must precede the priest's entry. Source id 03RLz.
יָבֹ֤אhe comes/entersQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Verb of the temporal clause introduced by בְּטֶרֶם→ Imperfect: contingent future action, subordinated to טֶרֶםבּוֹא (H935) 'to come, enter'; the priest's entry, which the emptying must precede. Source id 03YXn.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of יָבֹאכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 03XT1.
לִרְא֣וֹתto see/inspectQal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Purpose/result clause (purpose of the priest's entry)→ Infinitive construct: purposeרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'; the priest's entry is for the purpose of inspecting the mark. Source id 033Mm.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַנֶּגַע as object of לִרְאוֹת. Source id 03zXt.
הַנֶּ֔גַעthe markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Direct object of לִרְאוֹתנֶגַע (H5061); the object of the priest's inspection. Source id 0367g.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj + negative · לֹא (H3808)Negation of the result clauseלֹא (H3808); negates יִטְמָא, stating the purpose/result of emptying the house first. Source id 03C2M.
יִטְמָ֖אshall be(come) uncleanQal impf 3ms · טָמֵא (H2930)Purpose/result clause (negative result of the emptying)→ Imperfect: negated future/contingent result — the protective purpose of the prior emptyingטָמֵא (H2930) 'to be/become unclean'; states the reason for the emptying: so that nothing in the house is declared unclean by mere association with an unconfirmed mark. Source id 03Nec.
כָּלall/everythingnoun cs · כֹּל (H3605)Subject of יִטְמָא, construct governing the relative clauseכֹּל (H3605) 'all, everything'; construct before the relative clause, 'everything that is in the house'. Source id 0345R.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthat (is)relative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause (defining the house's contents)אֲשֶׁר (H834); introduces the relative clause specifying the house's contents. Source id 03SEN.
בַּבָּ֑יִתin the houseprep + article + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative complement within the relative clauseבַּיִת (H1004) with article. Source id 03JQg.
וְאַ֥חַרand afterconj + adverb · אַחַר (H310)Temporal adverbial phrase, part of אַחַר כֵּןאַחַר (H310) 'after'; paired with כֵּן to mean 'afterward'. Source id 03TGg.
כֵּ֛ןthat / sodemonstrative adverb · כֵּן (H3651)Completing the temporal idiom אַחַר כֵּן, 'afterward'כֵּן (H3651); with אַחַר forms the idiom 'afterward', marking the sequence: emptying first, then the priest's entry. Source id 03HrY.
יָבֹ֥אhe shall come/enterQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Main verb resuming after the temporal clause→ Imperfect: sequential contingent future actionבּוֹא (H935); the priest's actual entry, now that the house has been cleared. Source id 038tv.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of יָבֹאכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 033zJ.
לִרְא֥וֹתto see/inspectQal inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Purpose clause (purpose of the priest's entry)→ Infinitive construct: purposeרָאָה (H7200) 'to see'; the purpose of the priest's now-unhindered entry. Source id 03odd.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַבָּיִת as object of לִרְאוֹת. Source id 03eJm.
הַבָּֽיִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of לִרְאוֹתבַּיִת (H1004); the house itself, now the direct object of inspection. Source id 03t8y.
37

וְרָאָ֣ה אֶת הַנֶּ֗גַע וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַנֶּ֨גַע֙ בְּקִירֹ֣ת הַבַּ֔יִת שְׁקַֽעֲרוּרֹת֙ יְרַקְרַקֹּ֔ת א֖וֹ אֲדַמְדַּמֹּ֑ת וּמַרְאֵיהֶ֥ן שָׁפָ֖ל מִן הַקִּֽיר

And he shall examine the mark, and if the mark is in the walls of the house as greenish or reddish depressions that appear lower than the wall,

The priest's inspection and the diagnostic criteriaוְ (sequential)
The diagnostic criteria for the house echo the skin-disease symptomatology of ch. 13: greenish or reddish coloration and a depression 'lower than the wall' — the same 'deeper than the surface' criterion applied to human flesh (13:3, 20).
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְרָאָ֣הand he shall examineQal weqatal 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionרָאָה (H7200) 'to see, examine'; the priest's formal inspection of the mark. Source id 037q4.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַנֶּגַע as object of וְרָאָה. Source id 03c2v.
הַנֶּ֗גַעthe markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Direct object of וְרָאָהנֶגַע (H5061); the object under inspection. Source id 03gth.
וְהִנֵּ֤הand beholdconj + demonstrative particle · הִנֵּה (H2009)Presentative particle introducing the observed descriptionהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'; presents the priest's observation vividly, as if seen firsthand. Source id 03qe3.
הַנֶּ֨גַע֙the markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of the verbless/participial description clauseנֶגַע (H5061); resumed as subject of the description that follows. Source id 03vvb.
בְּקִירֹ֣תin the walls ofprep + noun cs (pl) · קִיר (H7023)Locative prepositional phrase, constructקִיר (H7023) 'wall'; construct plural, 'the walls of the house'. Source id 03HZL.
הַבַּ֔יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Genitive complement of קִירֹתבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03JP4.
שְׁקַֽעֲרוּרֹת֙depressions/hollowsnoun fp · שְׁקַעֲרוּרָה (H8258)Predicate nominal describing the mark's appearanceשְׁקַעֲרוּרָה (H8258) 'depression, hollow'; a rare technical term (used only here and in v. 39) for hollows sunk below the wall's surface. Source id 03Lke.
יְרַקְרַקֹּ֔תgreenishadj fp · יְרַקְרַק (H3422)Attributive adjective modifying שְׁקַעֲרוּרֹתיְרַקְרַק (H3422) 'greenish'; the reduplicated form intensifies/qualifies the color, as with the skin-disease terminology in ch. 13. Source id 03udG.
א֖וֹorconj · אוֹ (H176)Disjunctive coordination between color-adjectivesאוֹ (H176) 'or'; coordinates the two possible colorations. Source id 03xji.
אֲדַמְדַּמֹּ֑תreddishadj fp · אֲדַמְדָּם (H125)Attributive adjective modifying שְׁקַעֲרוּרֹת, alternative to יְרַקְרַקֹּתאֲדַמְדָּם (H125) 'reddish'; paired with יְרַקְרַקֹּת as the diagnostic colors, matching the skin-disease symptomatology of ch. 13. Source id 03AfZ.
וּמַרְאֵיהֶ֥ןand their appearanceconj + noun cs (pl) + 3fp suffix · מַרְאֶה (H4758)Subject of the verbless clause שָׁפָל מִן הַקִּירמַרְאֶה (H4758) 'appearance'; plural with 3fp suffix referring back to the depressions. Source id 03MKo.
שָׁפָ֖לlower, deeperadj ms · שָׁפָל (H8217)Predicate adjective of the verbless clauseשָׁפָל (H8217) 'low, deep(er)'; the depressions appear lower than the surrounding wall surface — the visual criterion, paralleling the skin-disease diagnostic of 13:3, 20, etc. Source id 031BC.
מִןthanprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase of comparisonמִן (H4480) comparative 'than, from'. Source id 03wuh.
הַקִּֽירthe wallarticle + noun · קִיר (H7023)Object of comparisonקִיר (H7023); the wall surface serving as the comparative baseline. Source id 03jPW.
38

וְיָצָ֧א הַכֹּהֵ֛ן מִן הַבַּ֖יִת אֶל פֶּ֣תַח הַבָּ֑יִת וְהִסְגִּ֥יר אֶת הַבַּ֖יִת שִׁבְעַ֥ת יָמִֽים

then the priest shall go out of the house to the entrance of the house and shut up the house for seven days.

Seven-day quarantine of the houseוְ (sequential)
The house itself, not merely its occupant, is quarantined for seven days — the same verb (הִסְגִּיר) and period used for suspected skin-disease in ch. 13, applied now to a structure.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְיָצָ֧אand he shall go outQal weqatal 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionיָצָא (H3318) 'to go out'; the priest exits the house after inspecting it, before pronouncing quarantine. Source id 03aG2.
הַכֹּהֵ֛ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְיָצָאכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 03r8i.
מִןfromprep · מִן (H4480)Prepositional phrase of sourceמִן (H4480) 'from'. Source id 03QpT.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Object of the preposition מִןבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03TzY.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase of goalאֶל (H413) 'to'. Source id 03XbD.
פֶּ֣תַחthe entrance ofnoun cs · פֶּתַח (H6607)Construct noun, object of the preposition אֶלפֶּתַח (H6607) 'entrance, doorway'; the priest steps just outside, to the doorway, before quarantining. Source id 03gh4.
הַבָּ֑יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Genitive complement of פֶּתַחבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 035ho.
וְהִסְגִּ֥ירand he shall shut up/quarantineHiphil weqatal 3ms · סָגַר (H5462)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionסָגַר (H5462) Hiphil 'to shut up, quarantine'; the same verb and procedure used for suspected skin-disease in ch. 13, applied now to the house itself. Source id 03FP9.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַבַּיִת as object of וְהִסְגִּיר. Source id 037DJ.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וְהִסְגִּירבַּיִת (H1004); the house itself is quarantined, not merely its occupant. Source id 03Wku.
שִׁבְעַ֥תsevennumeral cs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Construct numeral governing יָמִים, adverbial accusative of durationשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; construct before יָמִים, the standard quarantine period matching skin-disease procedure (13:4-5). Source id 035xN.
יָמִֽיםdaysnoun mp · יוֹם (H3117)Genitive complement of שִׁבְעַת, adverbial accusative of durationיוֹם (H3117) 'day', plural; the seven-day quarantine period. Source id 03wtE.
39

וְשָׁ֥ב הַכֹּהֵ֖ן בַּיּ֣וֹם הַשְּׁבִיעִ֑י וְרָאָ֕ה וְהִנֵּ֛ה פָּשָׂ֥ה הַנֶּ֖גַע בְּקִירֹ֥ת הַבָּֽיִת

And the priest shall return on the seventh day and examine it, and if the mark has spread in the walls of the house,

Second inspection: the criterion of spreadingוְ (sequential)
The seventh-day re-inspection turns on whether the mark has 'spread' (פָּשָׂה), the same technical diagnostic verb as ch. 13 — spreading marks the affliction as active and aggressive rather than stationary.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְשָׁ֥בand he shall returnQal weqatal 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionשׁוּב (H7725) 'to return'; the priest's return visit after the seven-day quarantine. Source id 03g1M.
הַכֹּהֵ֖ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְשָׁבכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 03Ja2.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + article + noun · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal prepositional phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day', with article. Source id 03sUc.
הַשְּׁבִיעִ֑יthe seventharticle + ordinal · שְׁבִיעִי (H7637)Attributive ordinal modifying הַיּוֹםשְׁבִיעִי (H7637) 'seventh'; marks the end of the quarantine period set in v. 38. Source id 03SSP.
וְרָאָ֕הand he shall examineQal weqatal 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionרָאָה (H7200) 'to see, examine'; the priest's re-inspection. Source id 03XF1.
וְהִנֵּ֛הand beholdconj + demonstrative particle · הִנֵּה (H2009)Presentative particle introducing the observed resultהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'; presents the vivid finding of spreading. Source id 03Mig.
פָּשָׂ֥הhas spreadQal perf 3ms · פָּשָׂה (H6581)Predicate of the הִנֵּה-clause, describing the mark's progression→ Perfective: completed inspection-result — the spreading is an established fact at the moment of re-examinationפָּשָׂה (H6581) 'to spread'; a technical diagnostic verb (also used throughout ch. 13) marking the mark as active/aggressive rather than stationary. Source id 03HwW.
הַנֶּ֖גַעthe markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of פָּשָׂהנֶגַע (H5061). Source id 03YeZ.
בְּקִירֹ֥תin the walls ofprep + noun cs (pl) · קִיר (H7023)Locative prepositional phrase, constructקִיר (H7023), plural construct. Source id 03fwr.
הַבָּֽיִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Genitive complement of קִירֹתבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03suC.
40

וְצִוָּה֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְחִלְּצוּ֙ אֶת הָ֣אֲבָנִ֔ים אֲשֶׁ֥ר בָּהֵ֖ן הַנָּ֑גַע וְהִשְׁלִ֤יכוּ אֶתְהֶן֙ אֶל מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר אֶל מָק֖וֹם טָמֵֽא

then the priest shall command that they pull out the stones in which the mark is and throw them outside the city into an unclean place.

First remedial measure: removing the affected stonesוְ (sequential)
The graded remediation begins: the affected stones are extracted and cast to an unclean place outside the city, the same extramural disposal logic used for every other persistent impurity in chs. 13-14.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְצִוָּה֙and he shall commandPiel weqatal 3ms · צָוָה (H6680)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionצָוָה (H6680) Piel 'to command'; the priest orders the remedial demolition. Source id 03Px1.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְצִוָּהכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 03AYP.
וְחִלְּצוּ֙and they shall remove/pull outPiel weqatal 3cp · חָלַץ (H2502)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction (3rd-party subject, workers)→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionחָלַץ (H2502) Piel 'to remove, pull out'; the affected stones are physically extracted from the wall. Source id 03DRn.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הָאֲבָנִים as object of וְחִלְּצוּ. Source id 03eu8.
הָ֣אֲבָנִ֔יםthe stonesarticle + noun fp · אֶבֶן (H68)Direct object of וְחִלְּצוּאֶבֶן (H68) 'stone', plural with article; the specific affected stones. Source id 03Gvf.
אֲשֶׁ֥רin whichrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause (defining the affected stones)אֲשֶׁר (H834); introduces the relative clause identifying which stones bear the mark. Source id 03rUH.
בָּהֵ֖ןin themprep + 3fp suffix · בְּLocative complement within the relative clauseבְּ with 3fp suffix, referring to הָאֲבָנִים; 'in which [is] the mark'. Source id 03Ndd.
הַנָּ֑גַעthe markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of the verbless relative clauseנֶגַע (H5061). Source id 03AS3.
וְהִשְׁלִ֤יכוּand they shall throw/castHiphil weqatal 3cp · שָׁלַךְ (H7993)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionשָׁלַךְ (H7993) Hiphil 'to throw, cast'; the removed stones are cast away, treated as disposed refuse rather than salvageable material. Source id 03NNB.
אֶתְהֶן֙themobj. marker + 3fp suffix · אֵת (H853)Direct object of וְהִשְׁלִיכוּאֵת (H853) with 3fp suffix, referring to הָאֲבָנִים. Source id 03ooW.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase of destinationאֶל (H413). Source id 0344e.
מִח֣וּץoutsideprep + noun · חוּץ (H2351)Locative phrase, part of the compound 'outside the city'חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'; with מִן-prefix, 'to the outside of'. Source id 031ML.
לָעִ֔ירthe cityprep + article + noun · עִיר (H5892)Genitive complement completing 'outside the city'עִיר (H5892) 'city'; the disposal site is deliberately extramural, as with other unclean refuse (cf. the ash-heap outside the camp). Source id 03Lr5.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase, second destination phrase in appositionאֶל (H413); introduces the further specification 'an unclean place'. Source id 03V22.
מָק֖וֹםa placenoun · מָקוֹם (H4725)Object of the preposition אֶלמָקוֹם (H4725) 'place'. Source id 03aa5.
טָמֵֽאuncleanadj ms · טָמֵא (H2931)Attributive adjective modifying מָקוֹםטָמֵא (H2931) 'unclean'; the designated dumping ground is itself categorized as ritually unclean, matching the disposal logic used elsewhere in Leviticus. Source id 03Pbw.
41

וְאֶת הַבַּ֛יִת יַקְצִ֥עַ מִבַּ֖יִת סָבִ֑יב וְשָׁפְכ֗וּ אֶת הֶֽעָפָר֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הִקְצ֔וּ אֶל מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר אֶל מָק֖וֹם טָמֵֽא

And he shall have the house scraped all around inside, and they shall pour out the plaster that they scraped off outside the city into an unclean place.

Second remedial measure: scraping the interiorוְ (sequential)
Beyond removing stones, the whole interior is scraped and the plaster-dust disposed of outside the city — the remediation escalates in thoroughness, still short of demolition.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְאֶתand (marks obj.)conj + obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Fronted direct object marker (topicalized object before verb)אֵת (H853); the object הַבַּיִת is fronted before its verb יַקְצִיעַ for emphasis, shifting focus from the stones (v. 40) to the house's interior surface itself. Source id 035M6.
הַבַּ֛יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Fronted direct object of יַקְצִיעַבַּיִת (H1004); topicalized object, 'and the house — he shall scrape it'. Source id 03Fdk.
יַקְצִ֥עַhe shall scrapeHiphil impf 3ms · קָצַע (H7106)Main verb, resuming after the fronted object→ Imperfect: sequential procedural action, continuing the weqatal chain in functionקָצַע (H7106) Hiphil 'to scrape (walls)'; the priest (or his agents) scrapes the house's interior after the infected stones are removed. Source id 03Pwi.
מִבַּ֖יִתinsideprep + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phrase specifying where the scraping occursבַּיִת (H1004) with מִן-prefix idiomatically 'on the inside'; distinguishes interior scraping from the exterior. Source id 03kSx.
סָבִ֑יבall aroundadverb/noun · סָבִיב (H5439)Adverbial complement of manner/extentסָבִיב (H5439) 'around'; the scraping covers the entire interior perimeter, not merely the affected spot. Source id 03488.
וְשָׁפְכ֗וּand they shall pour outQal weqatal 3cp · שָׁפַךְ (H8210)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionשָׁפַךְ (H8210) 'to pour out'; disposal of the scraped material, echoing the disposal language used for other unclean refuse. Source id 03Mix.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הֶעָפָר as object of וְשָׁפְכוּ. Source id 03Nt6.
הֶֽעָפָר֙the dust/plaster-scrapingsarticle + noun · עָפָר (H6083)Direct object of וְשָׁפְכוּעָפָר (H6083) 'dust, plaster-scrapings'; the material removed by scraping, treated as unclean refuse. Source id 03JC3.
אֲשֶׁ֣רwhichrelative particle · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Relative clause (defining the plaster-scrapings)אֲשֶׁר (H834); introduces the relative clause identifying which dust is meant. Source id 03ieh.
הִקְצ֔וּthey scraped offHiphil perf 3cp · קָצָה (H7096)Predicate verb of the relative clause→ Perfective: completed prior action (the scraping already done)קָצָה (H7096) Hiphil 'to scrape off'; distinct root from קָצַע above but overlapping in sense, describing the scraped-off material. Source id 03ASQ.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase of destinationאֶל (H413). Source id 03NoG.
מִח֣וּץoutsideprep + noun · חוּץ (H2351)Locative phrase, part of 'outside the city'חוּץ (H2351). Source id 03CEp.
לָעִ֔ירthe cityprep + article + noun · עִיר (H5892)Genitive complement completing 'outside the city'עִיר (H5892). Source id 03ngB.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase, second destination phraseאֶל (H413). Source id 03yLn.
מָק֖וֹםa placenoun · מָקוֹם (H4725)Object of the preposition אֶלמָקוֹם (H4725). Source id 03akE.
טָמֵֽאuncleanadj ms · טָמֵא (H2931)Attributive adjective modifying מָקוֹםטָמֵא (H2931); the same disposal site formula repeated verbatim from v. 40. Source id 03QRH.
42

וְלָקְחוּ֙ אֲבָנִ֣ים אֲחֵר֔וֹת וְהֵבִ֖יאוּ אֶל תַּ֣חַת הָאֲבָנִ֑ים וְעָפָ֥ר אַחֵ֛ר יִקַּ֖ח וְטָ֥ח אֶת הַבָּֽיִת

And they shall take other stones and bring them in place of those stones, and he shall take other plaster and plaster the house.

Third remedial measure: rebuilding and replasteringוְ (sequential)
The house is restored with new stones and fresh plaster — the final attempt at repair. Its success or failure (vv.43-48) determines whether the house is pronounced clean or demolished.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וְלָקְחוּ֙and they shall takeQal weqatal 3cp · לָקַח (H3947)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the replacement materials are procured. Source id 03G4s.
אֲבָנִ֣יםstonesnoun fp · אֶבֶן (H68)Direct object of וְלָקְחוּאֶבֶן (H68), plural. Source id 03mzP.
אֲחֵר֔וֹתother/newadj fp · אַחֵר (H312)Attributive adjective modifying אֲבָנִיםאַחֵר (H312) 'other, another'; new stones replace the removed ones. Source id 03VHe.
וְהֵבִ֖יאוּand they shall bringHiphil weqatal 3cp · בּוֹא (H935)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionבּוֹא (H935) Hiphil 'to bring'; the new stones are brought and set in place. Source id 036MU.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Prepositional phrase of destinationאֶל (H413). Source id 03DbG.
תַּ֣חַתin place ofprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Prepositional phrase of substitutionתַּחַת (H8478) 'under, in place of'; marks the new stones as replacements for the old. Source id 03ecu.
הָאֲבָנִ֑יםthe (former) stonesarticle + noun fp · אֶבֶן (H68)Object of the preposition תַּחַתאֶבֶן (H68), with article, referring back to the removed stones of v. 40. Source id 03jQu.
וְעָפָ֥רand plasterconj + noun · עָפָר (H6083)Fronted direct object of יִקַּח (topicalized)עָפָר (H6083) here 'plaster, mortar' rather than 'dust/scrapings' as in v. 41 — the same word covering both the removed debris and the fresh material used to replaster. Source id 03Bcc.
אַחֵ֛רother/newadj ms · אַחֵר (H312)Attributive adjective modifying עָפָראַחֵר (H312) 'other, new'; fresh plaster replaces the scraped-off material. Source id 03EVD.
יִקַּ֖חhe shall takeQal impf 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Main verb, resuming after the fronted object וְעָפָר אַחֵר→ Imperfect: sequential procedural action, continuing the weqatal chain in functionלָקַח (H3947) 'to take'; the priest (or his agent) procures the fresh plaster. Source id 03yJE.
וְטָ֥חand he shall plaster/coatQal weqatal 3ms · טוּחַ (H2902)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionטוּחַ (H2902) 'to plaster, coat'; the new plaster is applied, completing the house's restoration. Source id 03cfw.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הַבָּיִת as object of וְטָח. Source id 036j8.
הַבָּֽיִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וְטָחבַּיִת (H1004); the house, now fully restored — new stones, new plaster. Source id 03EEK.
43

וְאִם יָשׁ֤וּב הַנֶּ֨גַע֙ וּפָרַ֣ח בַּבַּ֔יִת אַחַ֖ר חִלֵּ֣ץ אֶת הָאֲבָנִ֑ים וְאַחֲרֵ֛י הִקְצ֥וֹת אֶת הַבַּ֖יִת וְאַחֲרֵ֥י הִטּֽוֹחַ

But if the mark returns and breaks out in the house after he has pulled out the stones and after the house has been scraped and after it has been replastered,

Protasis: recurrence after full remediationוְאִם (conditional)
The recurrence-case: if the mark 'breaks out' (פָּרַח) again after every remedial stage, the diagnostic language escalates from mere spreading to active outbreak, setting up the terminal verdict of vv.44-45.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וְאִםand ifconj + conj · אִם (H518)Protasis marker introducing a new conditional caseאִם (H518) 'if'; introduces the recurrence-case, a further conditional embedded within the larger house-plague law. Source id 032ZK.
יָשׁ֤וּבit returnsQal impf 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Verb of the protasis→ Imperfect: contingent future actionשׁוּב (H7725) 'to return'; the mark's possible recurrence after the full restoration of v. 42. Source id 03T4o.
הַנֶּ֨גַע֙the markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of יָשׁוּב and וּפָרַחנֶגַע (H5061). Source id 03SGX.
וּפָרַ֣חand breaks outQal weqatal 3ms · פָּרַח (H6524)Second verb of the protasis, continuing יָשׁוּב→ Weqatal: continuing the conditional protasis, describing renewed outbreakפָּרַח (H6524) 'to break out, sprout'; describes the plague's aggressive re-emergence after the house was supposedly cleansed, escalating the diagnostic language from mere 'spreading' (פָּשָׂה) to active outbreak. Source id 03ExA.
בַּבַּ֔יִתin the houseprep + article + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03kGa.
אַחַ֖רafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Temporal prepositional phraseאַחַר (H310) 'after'; introduces the temporal reference point for the recurrence. Source id 03wwe.
חִלֵּ֣ץone has removed / the stones were removedPiel perf 3ms (impersonal) · חָלַץ (H2502)Verb of the temporal clause introduced by אַחַר, subject unspecified (generalizing/passive sense)→ Perfective: completed prior action serving as the temporal reference pointחָלַץ (H2502) Piel 'to remove, pull out'; here without an expressed subject, used generically/impersonally, 'after [one/they] removed the stones' — i.e., after the remedial removal of v. 40 had already been carried out. Source id 03ej6.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object markerאֵת (H853); marks הָאֲבָנִים as object of חִלֵּץ. Source id 03iJP.
הָאֲבָנִ֑יםthe stonesarticle + noun fp · אֶבֶן (H68)Direct object of חִלֵּץאֶבֶן (H68), with article, referring back to the original replacement stones. Source id 03MEP.
וְאַחֲרֵ֛יand afterconj + prep · אַחַר (H310)Temporal prepositional phrase, parallel to אַחַר aboveאַחַר (H310); construct form אַחֲרֵי before the following infinitive. Source id 03BRP.
הִקְצ֥וֹתthe scrapingHiphil inf constr · קָצָה (H7096)Infinitive construct as object of the preposition, temporal→ Infinitive construct: marks a completed prior stage in the temporal sequenceקָצָה (H7096) Hiphil infinitive construct 'to scrape off'; 'after the scraping of the house' — the second of the three restorative stages recalled. Source id 03q73.
אֶת(marks obj.)obj. marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker of the infinitive הִקְצוֹתאֵת (H853); marks הַבַּיִת as object of the infinitive. Source id 03SDq.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe housearticle + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of the infinitive הִקְצוֹתבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03kXh.
וְאַחֲרֵ֥יand afterconj + prep · אַחַר (H310)Temporal prepositional phrase, third in the seriesאַחַר (H310); introduces the third and final restorative stage recalled. Source id 03URX.
הִטּֽוֹחַthe plasteringNiphal inf constr · טוּחַ (H2902)Infinitive construct as object of the preposition, temporal→ Infinitive construct: marks the final completed prior stage in the temporal sequenceטוּחַ (H2902) Niphal infinitive construct 'to be plastered'; 'after the house was plastered' — completes the recollection of the three restorative stages (removal, scraping, replastering) whose failure to resolve the problem triggers the final verdict of v. 44. Source id 03gMf.
44

וּבָא֙ הַכֹּהֵ֔ן וְרָאָ֕ה וְהִנֵּ֛ה פָּשָׂ֥ה הַנֶּ֖גַע בַּבָּ֑יִת צָרַ֨עַת מַמְאֶ֥רֶת הִ֛וא בַּבַּ֖יִת טָמֵ֥א הֽוּא

then the priest shall come and examine it, and if the mark has spread in the house, it is a malignant scale-disease in the house; it is unclean.

The terminal verdict: malignant, incurable, uncleanוְ (sequential)
The decisive pronouncement: continued spread after full restoration marks the disease as מַמְאֶרֶת ('malignant, fretting') — the same rare term used for incurable skin-disease in 13:51-52 — and the house is declared unclean, dooming it to demolition.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וּבָא֙and he shall comeQal weqatal 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionבּוֹא (H935) 'to come'; the priest's final re-inspection visit. Source id 03E6M.
הַכֹּהֵ֔ןthe priestarticle + noun · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וּבָאכֹּהֵן (H3548). Source id 031A6.
וְרָאָ֕הand he shall examineQal weqatal 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Weqatal continuing procedural instruction→ Weqatal: sequential ritual/legal actionרָאָה (H7200) 'to see, examine'; the final diagnostic inspection. Source id 03BJQ.
וְהִנֵּ֛הand beholdconj + demonstrative particle · הִנֵּה (H2009)Presentative particle introducing the final observed resultהִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'; presents the decisive finding. Source id 03XqG.
פָּשָׂ֥הhas spreadQal perf 3ms · פָּשָׂה (H6581)Predicate of the הִנֵּה-clause→ Perfective: completed inspection-result, confirming continued/renewed spread despite the full restorationפָּשָׂה (H6581) 'to spread'; confirms the mark's spread even after the complete stone-and-plaster restoration of vv. 40-42, triggering the final malignant verdict. Source id 03nEn.
הַנֶּ֖גַעthe markarticle + noun · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of פָּשָׂהנֶגַע (H5061). Source id 03ket.
בַּבָּ֑יִתin the houseprep + article + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03V6E.
צָרַ֨עַתscale-diseasenoun · צָרַעַת (H6883)Predicate nominal of the verbless identification clause הִואצָרַעַת (H6883); the formal legal category is now invoked to name what the house has. Source id 03UwW.
מַמְאֶ֥רֶתmalignantHiphil ptc fs (intensive) · מָאַר (H3992)Attributive participle modifying צָרַעַת→ Participle: durative description ('malignant', an aggressively active, persistent condition)מָאַר (H3992) Hiphil participle fs, a rare intensive form meaning 'malignant, fretting, aggressive'; used only here and in 13:51-52 for skin-disease, describing a plague whose persistence after every remedial measure marks it as incurably severe. Source id 03RnX.
הִ֛ואit (is)pronoun 3fs · הִיא (H1931)Copular pronoun completing the verbless identification clauseהִיא (H1931) 3fs, resuming צָרַעַת; 'it is a malignant scale-disease'. Source id 037PA.
בַּבַּ֖יִתin the houseprep + article + noun · בַּיִת (H1004)Locative prepositional phrase, restated before the final verdictבַּיִת (H1004). Source id 03bf2.
טָמֵ֥אuncleanadj ms · טָמֵא (H2931)Predicate adjective of the final verbless verdict-clauseטָמֵא (H2931); the decisive legal verdict — the house itself, not merely its stones, is declared unclean. Source id 03mxX.
הֽוּאit (is)pronoun 3ms · הוּא (H1931)Copular pronoun completing the final verdict-clauseהוּא (H1931) 3ms, resuming הַבַּיִת; 'it [the house] is unclean' — the formal, final pronouncement. Source id 03Fbc.
45

וְנָתַ֣ץ אֶת הַבַּ֗יִת אֶת אֲבָנָיו֙ וְאֶת עֵצָ֔יו וְאֵ֖ת כָּל עֲפַ֣ר הַבָּ֑יִת וְהוֹצִיא֙ אֶל מִח֣וּץ לָעִ֔יר אֶל מָק֖וֹם טָמֵֽא

Then he shall tear down the house — its stones, its timber, and all the plaster of the house — and carry it out to a place outside the city, an unclean place.

Apodosis: total demolition, the final and most severe outcome of the case-law sequence begun in v.39weqatal (sequential 'and...')
The climax of the house-plague procedure — from scraping and replastering (vv.39-42) to complete destruction when the plague returns. Everything, down to the dust, is expelled 'outside the city,' matching how every other form of persistent impurity in chs.13-14 is sent outside settled space.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְנָתַ֣ץand he shall tear downQal weqatal 3ms · נָתַץ (H5422)Predicate verb, apodosis: final demolition action in the case-law sequence→ Weqatal: sequential consequential action — when the plague returns after replastering, total demolition follows as the required next stepנָתַץ (H5422) 'to tear down, demolish'; the definitive verdict once replastering (vv.39-42) has failed, escalating beyond the earlier partial removal of stones (v.40).
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַבַּיִתאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the definite direct object of נָתַץ.
הַבַּ֗יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וְנָתַץבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; the diseased house, now to be totally demolished rather than merely repaired.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing appositional list of the house's materialsאֵת (H853); begins the itemization 'its stones... its timber... all its plaster' in apposition to הַבַּיִת.
אֲבָנָיו֙its stonesN f pl constr + 3ms sfx · אֶבֶן (H68)Direct object, appositional to הַבַּיִתאֶבֶן (H68) 'stone'; unlike v.40's removal of only the affected stones, here every stone of the house is included.
וְאֶתand [object marker]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Coordinated direct object markerאֵת (H853) with conjunctive וְ, continuing the itemized list of demolished materials.
עֵצָ֔יוits timberN m pl constr + 3ms sfx · עֵץ (H6086)Direct object, appositional to הַבַּיִתעֵץ (H6086) 'wood, timber'; the structural wood is likewise carried away — nothing of the house's fabric is salvaged.
וְאֵ֖תand all [object marker]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Coordinated direct object marker governing כָּל עֲפַר הַבָּיִתאֵת (H853); introduces the final, most totalizing item — 'all the plaster of the house.'
כָּלall ofN m s constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct head, quantifying עֲפַר הַבָּיִתכֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; totalizes the demolition down to the very dust of the walls.
עֲפַ֣רthe plaster/dust ofN m s constr · עָפָר (H6083)Construct noun (object of כָּל, governing הַבַּיִת)עָפָר (H6083) 'dust, plaster'; the same term used for the scraped plaster of v.41, now naming every last particle of the demolished house.
הַבָּ֑יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Genitive complement of עֲפַרבַּיִת (H1004); the house named a third time in this verse — total destruction, total naming.
וְהוֹצִיא֙and he shall bring [it] outHiphil weqatal 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb, second action of the demolition sequence→ Weqatal: sequential causative action — the debris is caused to be carried away, just as the scraped plaster was expelled in v.41יָצָא (H3318), Hiphil 'to bring/carry out'; the demolished material must leave the city, paralleling how impure persons and substances are consistently sent 'outside' throughout chs.13-14.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition marking destination of the carrying-outאֶל (H413) 'to, toward'.
מִח֣וּץoutsideprep + N m s abs · חוּץ (H2351)Object of preposition אֶל (locative goal)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'; with prefixed מִן, 'to a place outside.'
לָעִ֔ירthe cityprep + art + N f s abs · עִיר (H5892)Object of preposition, qualifying מִחוּץ ('outside the city')עִיר (H5892) 'city'; the debris must leave the settled, ordered space entirely.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition introducing the final destinationאֶל (H413), repeated to introduce the appositional specification 'an unclean place.'
מָק֖וֹםa placeN m s abs · מָקוֹם (H4725)Object of preposition, in apposition to מִחוּץ לָעִירמָקוֹם (H4725) 'place'; specifies the destination further as ritually unclean.
טָמֵֽאuncleanadj m s abs · טָמֵא (H2931)Attributive adjective modifying מָקוֹםטָמֵא (H2931) 'unclean'; the debris is consigned to ground already impure, so as not to contaminate clean space.
46

וְהַבָּא֙ אֶל הַבַּ֔יִת כָּל יְמֵ֖י הִסְגִּ֣יר אֹת֑וֹ יִטְמָ֖א עַד הָעָֽרֶב

And whoever enters the house all the days it is quarantined shall be unclean until evening.

Continues the demolition case with a parallel rule for the quarantine period itselfוְ (waw, casus pendens)
Even while the house is only quarantined (not yet demolished or cleared), entry defiles until evening — a minor, self-resolving impurity distinct from the major uncleanness of a diagnosed, un-healed house.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְהַבָּא֙and the one who entersconj + art + Qal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Substantival participle (agent, 'whoever enters...'), casus pendens subject resumed by יִטְמָא→ Participle: substantival, denoting the class of person subject to the rule — anyone at all who entersבּוֹא (H935), Qal participle 'the one who enters/comes'; parallel to הַשֹּׁכֵב/הָאֹכֵל in v.47, generalizing the quarantine's reach to any visitor to the house.
אֶלintoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition governing הַבַּיִת (goal of entering)אֶל (H413) 'to, into'; the house remains under quarantine even after the primary inspection process.
הַבַּ֔יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Object of preposition אֶלבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; the quarantined house itself, off-limits without incurring impurity.
כָּלall ofN m s constr · כֹּל (H3605)Construct head, quantifying יְמֵי הִסְגִּיר אֹתוֹכֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; governs 'all the days of its quarantine' — the entire duration, not merely part of it.
יְמֵ֖יthe days ofN m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Construct noun (object of כָּל, governing הִסְגִּיר אֹתוֹ)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'; construct with the following verbal clause, 'the days of its being quarantined.'
הִסְגִּ֣ירit was quarantinedHiphil perf 3ms · סָגַר (H5462)Relative/complement clause (asyndetic), modifying יְמֵי→ Perfect: the completed act of shutting up the house, now viewed retrospectively as defining the quarantine periodסָגַר (H5462), Hiphil 'to shut up, quarantine'; the same verb used of the priest's initial quarantine order in v.38, here summarizing its whole duration.
אֹת֑וֹit (the house)obj marker + 3ms sfx · אֵת (H853)Direct object of הִסְגִּיראֵת (H853) with 3ms suffix, referring back to הַבַּיִת; 'that he quarantined it.'
יִטְמָ֖אhe shall be uncleanQal impf 3ms · טָמֵא (H2930)Main predicate verb, apodosis resuming the casus pendens subject וְהַבָּא→ Imperfect: the resultant/consequential state — imperfect used for the rule's general, ongoing applicability rather than a one-time weqatalטָמֵא (H2930), Qal 'to become unclean'; the consequence for anyone entering the quarantined house, paralleling v.36's protection but now describing exposure during quarantine itself.
עַדuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Preposition introducing temporal limitעַד (H5704) 'until'; the impurity is limited in duration, resolved automatically by evening rather than requiring further ritual.
הָעָֽרֶבthe eveningart + N m s abs · עֶרֶב (H6153)Object of preposition עַדעֶרֶב (H6153) 'evening'; the standard formula for minor impurity, matching the human מְצֹרָע's own uncleanness rules and ordinary corpse/emission impurities throughout the Torah.
47

וְהַשֹּׁכֵ֣ב בַּבַּ֔יִת יְכַבֵּ֖ס אֶת בְּגָדָ֑יו וְהָאֹכֵ֣ל בַּבַּ֔יִת יְכַבֵּ֖ס אֶת בְּגָדָֽיו

Whoever lies down in the house shall wash his garments, and whoever eats in the house shall wash his garments.

Continues the minor-impurity rule of v.46 with two parallel, more specific casesוְ (waw, paired casus pendens clauses)
Two matched clauses (lying down / eating) generalize the quarantine's minor defilement to any meaningful use of the house, not merely passing through it — laundering alone suffices, with no need to wait until evening explicitly restated (implied from v.46).
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְהַשֹּׁכֵ֣בand the one who lies downconj + art + Qal ptc ms · שָׁכַב (H7901)Substantival participle (agent, casus pendens subject resumed by יְכַבֵּס)→ Participle: substantival, denoting the agent — 'whoever lies down in the house'שָׁכַב (H7901), Qal participle 'the one who lies down'; extends the quarantine's minor impurity from mere entry (v.46) to actually sleeping in the house.
בַּבַּ֔יִתin the houseprep + art + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Adverbial phrase (locative), modifying הַשֹּׁכֵבבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; locates the lying-down within the quarantined structure specifically.
יְכַבֵּ֖סhe shall washPiel impf 3ms · כָּבַס (H3526)Main predicate verb, apodosis→ Imperfect: general/consequential obligation — the required response for anyone who lies down in the houseכָּבַס (H3526), Piel 'to wash, launder'; the standard remedy for contracted minor impurity, as with the human מְצֹרָע and other cases throughout Lev.11-15.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing בְּגָדָיואֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of יְכַבֵּס.
בְּגָדָ֑יוhis garmentsN m pl constr + 3ms sfx · בֶּגֶד (H899)Direct objectבֶּגֶד (H899) 'garment'; laundering removes any residual minor impurity contracted by lying down in the house.
וְהָאֹכֵ֣לand the one who eatsconj + art + Qal ptc ms · אָכַל (H398)Substantival participle (agent, casus pendens subject resumed by יְכַבֵּס)→ Participle: substantival, denoting the agent — 'whoever eats in the house'אָכַל (H398), Qal participle 'the one who eats'; the second and last of the two named activities (cf. הַשֹּׁכֵב) that count as meaningful use of the quarantined space.
בַּבַּ֔יִתin the houseprep + art + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Adverbial phrase (locative), modifying הָאֹכֵלבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; the same locative phrase repeated verbatim, tying the eating-clause to the lying-down clause as a matched pair.
יְכַבֵּ֖סhe shall washPiel impf 3ms · כָּבַס (H3526)Main predicate verb, apodosis→ Imperfect: general/consequential obligation, repeated verbatim for the eating-clauseכָּבַס (H3526), Piel 'to wash, launder'; identical requirement to the lying-down clause, underscoring that either activity incurs the same minor impurity.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing בְּגָדָיואֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of the second יְכַבֵּס.
בְּגָדָֽיוhis garmentsN m pl constr + 3ms sfx · בֶּגֶד (H899)Direct objectבֶּגֶד (H899) 'garment'; the identical remedy closes the verse's second, parallel clause.
48

וְאִם בֹּ֨א יָבֹ֜א הַכֹּהֵ֗ן וְרָאָה֙ וְ֠הִנֵּה לֹא פָשָׂ֤ה הַנֶּ֨גַע֙ בַּבַּ֔יִת אַחֲרֵ֖י הִטֹּ֣חַ אֶת הַבָּ֑יִת וְטִהַ֤ר הַכֹּהֵן֙ אֶת הַבַּ֔יִת כִּ֥י נִרְפָּ֖א הַנָּֽגַע

But if the priest comes and indeed inspects, and behold, the plague has not spread in the house after the house was replastered, then the priest shall pronounce the house clean, because the plague has healed.

Resolves the demolition case of vv.44-45 with its positive counterpartוְאִם (waw + im, counter-protasis)
The verdict formula 'because the plague has healed' (כִּי נִרְפָּא הַנֶּגַע) deliberately echoes v.3's identical wording for the human מְצֹרָע's skin-disease (וְנִרְפָּא נֶגַע הַצָּרַעַת) — the house is pronounced clean using the very same verb applied to human flesh, the clearest signal that the house-plague unit is structured as a conscious doublet of the human procedure.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וְאִםbut ifconj + conj · אִם (H518)Protasis marker, introducing the counter-case (contrasting with vv.43-45's demolition)אִם (H518) 'if'; opens the alternative, positive outcome case — the house that does NOT redevelop the plague.
בֹּ֨אindeed comeQal inf abs · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive absolute reinforcing the following finite verb יָבֹא→ Infinitive absolute + finite verb: emphatic construction, 'shall indeed/surely come' — stresses the priest's diligence in returning for the second inspectionבּוֹא (H935), Qal infinitive absolute 'to come'; paired with יָבֹא for emphasis, matching the same construction pattern used elsewhere for careful priestly re-inspection.
יָבֹ֜אhe shall comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (protasis), main finite verb reinforced by the preceding infinitive absolute→ Imperfect: the priest's required return visit for the second inspectionבּוֹא (H935), Qal 'to come'; the priest comes back to the house after the replastering period has elapsed.
הַכֹּהֵ֗ןthe priestart + N m s abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of יָבֹאכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; the same officiant who authorized the replastering now returns to certify its success.
וְרָאָה֙and he shall seeQal weqatal 3ms · רָאָה (H7200)Weqatal continuing the protasis sequence→ Weqatal: sequential, the priest's inspection act following his arrivalרָאָה (H7200), Qal 'to see'; the same diagnostic verb used throughout chs.13-14 for priestly examination.
וְ֠הִנֵּהand beholdconj + particle · הִנֵּה (H2009)Presentative particle introducing the perceived state (vividness marker)הִנֵּה (H2009) 'behold'; marks the priest's on-the-spot observation as immediate and vivid, as elsewhere in the diagnostic formulas of chs.13-14.
לֹאnotnegative particle · לֹא (H3808)Negates פָשָׂהלֹא (H3808) 'not'; the crucial negative that distinguishes this verse's positive outcome from v.44's identical clause structure without the negation.
פָשָׂ֤הit has spreadQal perf 3ms · פָּשָׂה (H6581)Predicate verb within the perceived-content clause introduced by הִנֵּה→ Perfect: the state discovered upon inspection — has NOT spread since the replasteringפָּשָׂה (H6581), Qal 'to spread'; negated here, in exact verbal contrast to v.44 where the same verb appears without negation to justify demolition.
הַנֶּ֨גַע֙the mark/plagueart + N m s abs · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of פָשָׂהנֶגַע (H5061) 'mark, plague'; the disease-mark under scrutiny at this second inspection.
בַּבַּ֔יִתin the houseprep + art + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Adverbial phrase (locative), modifying פָשָׂהבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; locates the (non-)spreading specifically within the house.
אַחֲרֵ֖יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Preposition introducing temporal clause (infinitive construct)אַחַר (H310) 'after'; marks the replastering as a completed prior event relative to this inspection.
הִטֹּ֣חַit was plasteredNiphal inf constr · טוּחַ (H2902)Infinitive construct object of preposition אַחֲרֵי (temporal clause: 'after the house was plastered')→ Infinitive construct: passive/resultative event marking completed replastering, the terminus a quo for this inspectionטוּחַ (H2902), Niphal infinitive 'to be plastered'; refers back to the priest's order to replaster in v.42, now the accomplished condition.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַבָּיִת (retained even with a Niphal/passive-flavored infinitive)אֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of הִטֹּחַ.
הַבָּ֑יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of הִטֹּחַבַּיִת (H1004); the house, now the subject of successful replastering.
וְטִהַ֤רand he shall pronounce cleanPiel weqatal 3ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Weqatal, apodosis: the priest's formal declaration→ Weqatal (Piel declarative): sequential, the priest's performative verdict — the same verb-form used of the human מְצֹרָע's clean declarationטָהֵר (H2891), Piel 'to declare/pronounce clean'; the positive counterpart to וְטִמֵּא type verdicts elsewhere, formally closing the case.
הַכֹּהֵן֙the priestart + N m s abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Subject of וְטִהַרכֹּהֵן (H3548) 'priest'; restated as subject for clarity before the formal verdict.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַבַּיִתאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of וְטִהַר.
הַבַּ֔יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וְטִהַרבַּיִת (H1004); the house is formally declared clean, its ordeal apparently over (pending the confirming rite of vv.49-53).
כִּ֥יbecauseconj · כִּי (H3588)Causal clause, grounding the priest's declarationכִּי (H3588) 'because, for'; introduces the reason for the clean verdict — not merely inspection but healing.
נִרְפָּ֖אit has been healedNiphal perf 3ms · רָפָא (H7495)Predicate verb of the causal clause introduced by כִּי→ Niphal perfect: passive-resultative — 'has been healed', deliberately echoing v.3's נִרְפָּא of the human מְצֹרָע's skin-diseaseרָפָא (H7495), Niphal 'to be healed'; the SAME verb-form used in v.3 for the human plague's healing (וְנִרְפָּא נֶגַע הַצָּרַעַת) — the house is granted the identical verdict-vocabulary as the human body, underscoring that the house-plague unit is a deliberate structural doublet of the skin-disease procedure.
הַנָּֽגַעthe mark/plagueart + N m s abs · נֶגַע (H5061)Subject of נִרְפָּאנֶגַע (H5061) 'mark, plague'; subject of the healing-verb, closing the verse on the same note of resolution used for the human disease in v.3.
49

וְלָקַ֛ח לְחַטֵּ֥א אֶת הַבַּ֖יִת שְׁתֵּ֣י צִפֳּרִ֑ים וְעֵ֣ץ אֶ֔רֶז וּשְׁנִ֥י תוֹלַ֖עַת וְאֵזֹֽב

And to purify the house he shall take two birds, cedar wood, crimson yarn, and hyssop.

The confirming two-bird rite for a healed houseוְ (sequential)
When the second inspection finds no recurrence, the same two-bird rite performed for the human מְצֹרָע (vv.4-7) is repeated over the house — identical materials (birds, cedar, scarlet, hyssop), now to 'decontaminate' (לְחַטֵּא) the structure itself.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וְלָקַ֛חand he shall takeQal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Weqatal opening a new sequence (the confirming bird-rite for the house)→ Weqatal: sequential, initiating the rite that mirrors vv.4-7's procedure for the human מְצֹרָעלָקַח (H3947), Qal 'to take'; opens the verbatim reuse of the two-bird rite's materials, now applied to the house rather than the person.
לְחַטֵּ֥אto purifyprep + Piel inf constr · חָטָא (H2398)Purpose infinitive clause ('in order to decontaminate the house')→ Infinitive construct: purpose, specifying WHY the two birds are takenחָטָא (H2398), Piel 'to purify, decontaminate' (lit. 'to un-sin'); the same verb used in v.52, framing the whole rite as removing sin/impurity from the house itself, akin to purifying an altar or sanctuary object elsewhere in P.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַבַּיִתאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of לְחַטֵּא.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of לְחַטֵּאבַּיִת (H1004); the house is now the OBJECT of decontamination, the same role the human מְצֹרָע occupies in vv.4-7.
שְׁתֵּ֣יtwo ofnumeral f dual constr · שְׁנַיִם (H8147)Construct numeral, direct object headשְׁנַיִם (H8147) 'two'; identical count and construction to v.4's שְׁתֵּי צִפֳּרִים חַיּוֹת.
צִפֳּרִ֑יםbirdsN common pl abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct objectצִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; unspecified species, as in v.4, presumably small wild birds rather than sacrificial doves/pigeons.
וְעֵ֣ץand wood ofconj + N m s constr · עֵץ (H6086)Coordinated direct object, construct headעֵץ (H6086) 'wood'; construct with אֶרֶז, 'cedar wood' — identical material to v.4.
אֶ֔רֶזcedarN m s abs · אֶרֶז (H730)Genitive (construct complement)אֶרֶז (H730) 'cedar'; the durable, aromatic wood used throughout this rite and in the skin-disease rite of vv.4,6, and in purity contexts elsewhere (e.g. Num 19:6).
וּשְׁנִ֥יand crimson ofconj + N m s constr · שָׁנִי (H8144)Coordinated direct object, construct headשָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; construct with תוֹלַעַת, 'crimson [dye] of the worm' — the scarlet-dyed yarn from v.4.
תוֹלַ֖עַתthe worm/crimson-dyeN f s abs · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Genitive (construct complement)תוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'worm, crimson dye'; the coccid insect from which scarlet dye is derived, forming with שָׁנִי the fixed phrase 'crimson-worm yarn.'
וְאֵזֹֽבand hyssopconj + N m s abs · אֵזוֹב (H231)Coordinated direct objectאֵזוֹב (H231) 'hyssop'; the sprinkling implement, completing the identical materials-list of v.4 — cedar, scarlet, hyssop, now applied to a house rather than a person.
50

וְשָׁחַ֖ט אֶת הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הָאֶחָ֑ת אֶל כְּלִי חֶ֖רֶשׂ עַל מַ֥יִם חַיִּֽים

And he shall slaughter one of the birds into an earthenware vessel over fresh water.

Slaughter of the first bird (parallel to v.5)וְ (sequential)
Verbatim reuse of v.5: one bird is slain over fresh water in an earthen vessel, its blood the medium for the rite — the house-cleansing follows the human procedure step for step.
Word-by-word analysis· 10 words
וְשָׁחַ֖טand he shall slaughterQal weqatal 3ms · שָׁחַט (H7819)Weqatal continuing the rite's sequence→ Weqatal: sequential, identical action to v.5שָׁחַט (H7819), Qal 'to slaughter'; the same verb and procedure as v.5 — one bird slain, its blood the medium for the rest of the rite.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַצִּפֹּר הָאֶחָתאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of וְשָׁחַט.
הַצִּפֹּ֣רthe birdart + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct objectצִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; specifically the one designated for slaughter, in apposition to הָאֶחָת.
הָאֶחָ֑תthe oneart + numeral f s abs · אֶחָד (H259)Attributive numeral modifying הַצִּפֹּראֶחָד (H259) 'one'; distinguishes the bird to be slaughtered from the one to be kept alive, matching v.5's identical phrase.
אֶלintoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition governing כְּלִי (locative goal of slaughter)אֶל (H413) 'into'; the blood runs into the vessel below, as in v.5.
כְּלִיa vessel ofN m s constr · כְּלִי (H3627)Object of preposition, construct headכְּלִי (H3627) 'vessel'; construct with חֶרֶשׂ, matching v.5's identical phrase 'an earthenware vessel.'
חֶ֖רֶשׂearthenwareN m s abs · חֶרֶשׂ (H2789)Genitive (construct complement)חֶרֶשׂ (H2789) 'earthenware, pottery'; a porous, unglazed vessel, likely also disposed of or broken afterward as in similar purity rites (cf. 6:21; 11:33).
עַלoverprep · עַל (H5921)Preposition governing מַיִם (locative)עַל (H5921) 'over, upon'; the slaughter occurs directly over the water in the vessel.
מַ֥יִםwaterN m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Object of preposition עַלמַיִם (H4325) 'water'; the blood-water mixture that will be used for dipping and sprinkling, cf. v.5.
חַיִּֽיםliving/freshadj m pl abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying מַיִםחַי (H2416) 'living'; idiomatic for fresh, running (spring) water as opposed to standing water — the same phrase as v.5, essential for the rite's efficacy.
51

וְלָקַ֣ח אֶת עֵֽץ הָ֠אֶרֶז וְאֶת הָ֨אֵזֹ֜ב וְאֵ֣ת שְׁנִ֣י הַתּוֹלַ֗עַת וְאֵת֮ הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַֽחַיָּה֒ וְטָבַ֣ל אֹתָ֗ם בְּדַם֙ הַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַשְּׁחוּטָ֔ה וּבַמַּ֖יִם הַֽחַיִּ֑ים וְהִזָּ֥ה אֶל הַבַּ֖יִת שֶׁ֥בַע פְּעָמִֽים

And he shall take the cedar wood, the hyssop, the crimson yarn, and the living bird, and dip them in the blood of the slaughtered bird and in the fresh water, and sprinkle the house seven times.

Continues the bird-rite, mirroring vv.6-7's dipping and sevenfold sprinkling, now directed at the houseוְ (waw, sequential)
Verbatim reuse of vv.6-7's dipping and sevenfold sprinkling — cedar, hyssop, scarlet, and the living bird dipped in blood and water, sprinkled seven times — but the object sprinkled is the house itself rather than the human מְצֹרָע.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וְלָקַ֣חand he shall takeQal weqatal 3ms · לָקַח (H3947)Weqatal opening the sprinkling sequence→ Weqatal: sequential, taking up the remaining materials for dippingלָקַח (H3947), Qal 'to take'; repeats v.6's structure exactly, now gathering the cedar, hyssop, scarlet, and living bird for dipping.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing עֵץ הָאֶרֶזאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker introducing the first item of the materials list.
עֵֽץwood ofN m s constr · עֵץ (H6086)Direct object, construct headעֵץ (H6086) 'wood'; construct with הָאֶרֶז.
הָ֠אֶרֶזthe cedarart + N m s abs · אֶרֶז (H730)Genitive (construct complement)אֶרֶז (H730) 'cedar'; first item of the rite's fixed materials-set, taken up again from v.49.
וְאֶתand [object marker]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Coordinated direct object marker introducing הָאֵזֹבאֵת (H853) with conjunctive וְ, continuing the itemized materials list.
הָ֨אֵזֹ֜בthe hyssopart + N m s abs · אֵזוֹב (H231)Direct object (coordinated)אֵזוֹב (H231) 'hyssop'; the second item, retrieved from the same set gathered in v.49.
וְאֵ֣תand [object marker]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Coordinated direct object marker introducing שְׁנִי הַתּוֹלַעַתאֵת (H853), continuing the itemized list with the third material.
שְׁנִ֣יcrimson ofN m s constr · שָׁנִי (H8144)Direct object, construct headשָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; construct with הַתּוֹלַעַת.
הַתּוֹלַ֗עַתthe worm/crimson-dyeart + N f s abs · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Genitive (construct complement)תוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'crimson-worm dye'; the third material, now with the article since it was already introduced in v.49.
וְאֵת֮and [object marker]conj + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Coordinated direct object marker introducing הַצִּפֹּר הַחַיָּהאֵת (H853), introducing the final and most significant item — the living bird itself.
הַצִּפֹּ֣רthe birdart + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct object (coordinated)צִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; here the surviving one, distinguished by the following attributive הַֽחַיָּה.
הַֽחַיָּה֒the livingart + adj f s abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי (H2416) 'living'; the bird that will carry away the impurity alive, as in v.6-7.
וְטָבַ֣לand he shall dipQal weqatal 3ms · טָבַל (H2881)Weqatal continuing the sequence→ Weqatal: sequential, the dipping action that mixes the blood into the cedar/hyssop/scarlet/living-bird bundleטָבַל (H2881), Qal 'to dip'; identical action to v.6, transferring the blood-water mixture onto the materials that will sprinkle the house.
אֹתָ֗םthemobj marker + 3mp sfx · אֵת (H853)Direct object of וְטָבַל, referring collectively to the cedar, hyssop, scarlet, and living birdאֵת (H853) with 3mp suffix, 'them' — all four items dipped together as one bundle.
בְּדַם֙in the blood ofprep + N m s constr · דָּם (H1818)Adverbial phrase (instrumental), construct headדָּם (H1818) 'blood'; construct with הַצִּפֹּר הַשְּׁחוּטָה, the medium of the dipping.
הַצִּפֹּ֣רthe birdart + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Genitive (construct complement)צִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; here the slaughtered one, whose blood forms the mixture.
הַשְּׁחוּטָ֔הthe slaughteredart + Qal passive ptc fs · שָׁחַט (H7819)Substantival participle, attributive to הַצִּפֹּר→ Passive participle: identifies which bird — 'the one that has been slaughtered'שָׁחַט (H7819), Qal passive participle 'slaughtered'; distinguishes this bird from הַצִּפֹּר הַֽחַיָּה, the living one.
וּבַמַּ֖יִםand in the waterconj + prep + art + N m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental), parallel to בְּדַםמַיִם (H4325) 'water'; the fresh water into which the blood was released in v.50, now specified as part of the dipping medium.
הַֽחַיִּ֑יםliving/freshart + adj m pl abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying מַיִםחַי (H2416) 'living'; fresh, running water, essential to the rite's validity.
וְהִזָּ֥הand he shall sprinkleHiphil weqatal 3ms · נָזָה (H5137)Weqatal, the climactic purificatory act→ Weqatal (Hiphil): sequential, the central rite-defining action, now directed at the house instead of the man (contrast v.7's עַל הַמִּטַּהֵר)נָזָה (H5137), Hiphil 'to sprinkle'; identical verb to v.7, redirected from the man's body to the house's structure.
אֶלon/towardprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition governing הַבַּיִת (goal of sprinkling)אֶל (H413) 'toward, on'; the house itself is the target of the sprinkling, replacing the man's body.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Object of preposition אֶלבַּיִת (H1004); the house receives the sprinkled blood-water, exactly as the man's body did in v.7.
שֶׁ֥בַעsevennumeral f s abs · שֶׁבַע (H7651)Adverbial accusative of number, modifying וְהִזָּהשֶׁבַע (H7651) 'seven'; the same sevenfold sprinkling as v.7, the standard number for purificatory intensity in P (cf. 4:6, 16:14).
פְּעָמִֽיםtimesN f pl abs · פַּעַם (H6471)Adverbial accusative of number (completing שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים)פַּעַם (H6471) 'time, occurrence'; completes the fixed idiom 'seven times' for ritual sprinkling.
52

וְחִטֵּ֣א אֶת הַבַּ֔יִת בְּדַם֙ הַצִּפּ֔וֹר וּבַמַּ֖יִם הַֽחַיִּ֑ים וּבַצִּפֹּ֣ר הַחַיָּ֗ה וּבְעֵ֥ץ הָאֶ֛רֶז וּבָאֵזֹ֖ב וּבִשְׁנִ֥י הַתּוֹלָֽעַת

Thus he shall purify the house with the blood of the bird, with the fresh water, with the living bird, with the cedar wood, with the hyssop, and with the crimson yarn.

Summarizes the entire preceding rite as a single act of decontaminationוְ (waw, summarizing)
A recapitulating summary verse, listing all six materials of the rite (blood, water, living bird, cedar, hyssop, crimson) as the instruments by which the house is decontaminated (חִטֵּא) — the same purpose-verb from v.49 now stated as accomplished fact.
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְחִטֵּ֣אand he shall purifyPiel weqatal 3ms · חָטָא (H2398)Weqatal, main predicate summarizing the rite's purpose and materials→ Weqatal: sequential, summarizing/recapitulating the whole rite just performed as a single decontaminating actחָטָא (H2398), Piel 'to purify, decontaminate'; the same verb as v.49's purpose infinitive, now stated as the accomplished/summarized result — 'thus he shall decontaminate the house.'
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַבַּיִתאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of וְחִטֵּא.
הַבַּ֔יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Direct object of וְחִטֵּאבַּיִת (H1004); the house, object of the decontaminating rite.
בְּדַם֙with the blood ofprep + N m s constr · דָּם (H1818)Adverbial phrase (instrumental), construct head — first of a list of instruments introduced by parallel בְּ/וּבְ phrasesדָּם (H1818) 'blood'; opens the summary list of materials used, recapitulating the whole rite instrumentally.
הַצִּפּ֔וֹרthe birdart + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Genitive (construct complement)צִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; here unspecified as slaughtered (understood from context, unlike v.51's explicit הַשְּׁחוּטָה).
וּבַמַּ֖יִםand with the waterconj + prep + art + N m pl abs · מַיִם (H4325)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental)מַיִם (H4325) 'water'; second item of the summary instrument-list.
הַֽחַיִּ֑יםliving/freshart + adj m pl abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying מַיִםחַי (H2416) 'living'; fresh water, repeated a third time in this rite's description.
וּבַצִּפֹּ֣רand with the birdconj + prep + art + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental)צִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; the surviving bird, third item, further specified as living.
הַחַיָּ֗הthe livingart + adj f s abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי (H2416) 'living'; specifies which bird — the one released alive, as opposed to the slaughtered one implied by בְּדַם הַצִּפּוֹר.
וּבְעֵ֥ץand with wood ofconj + prep + N m s constr · עֵץ (H6086)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental), construct headעֵץ (H6086) 'wood'; construct with הָאֶרֶז, the fourth item.
הָאֶ֛רֶזthe cedarart + N m s abs · אֶרֶז (H730)Genitive (construct complement)אֶרֶז (H730) 'cedar'; fourth item of the summary list.
וּבָאֵזֹ֖בand with the hyssopconj + prep + art + N m s abs · אֵזוֹב (H231)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental)אֵזוֹב (H231) 'hyssop'; fifth item of the summary list.
וּבִשְׁנִ֥יand with crimson ofconj + prep + N m s constr · שָׁנִי (H8144)Coordinated adverbial phrase (instrumental), construct headשָׁנִי (H8144) 'scarlet, crimson'; construct with הַתּוֹלָעַת, the sixth and final item.
הַתּוֹלָֽעַתthe worm/crimson-dyeart + N f s abs · תוֹלַעַת (H8438)Genitive (construct complement)תוֹלַעַת (H8438) 'crimson-worm dye'; closes the full six-item recapitulation of the rite's materials — blood, water, living bird, cedar, hyssop, crimson.
53

וְשִׁלַּ֞ח אֶת הַצִּפֹּ֧ר הַֽחַיָּ֛ה אֶל מִח֥וּץ לָעִ֖יר אֶל פְּנֵ֣י הַשָּׂדֶ֑ה וְכִפֶּ֥ר עַל הַבַּ֖יִת וְטָהֵֽר

And he shall release the living bird outside the city into the open field, and make atonement for the house, and it shall be clean.

Release of the living bird; atonement and cleansing of the houseוְ (sequential)
The living bird is released 'into the open field', carrying the impurity away alive, exactly as in v.7. Remarkably, the priest makes atonement (כִּפֶּר) for the house itself — treating the structure's affliction as an encroachment on holy order requiring reparation — and closes with the same וְטָהֵר ('and it shall be clean') that ends the human rite (v.8).
Word-by-word analysis· 14 words
וְשִׁלַּ֞חand he shall releasePiel weqatal 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Weqatal continuing the rite's climax→ Weqatal (Piel): sequential, the releasing of the living bird — identical action to v.7שָׁלַח (H7971), Piel 'to send away, release'; the same verb as v.7, freeing the living bird outside the city rather than outside the camp.
אֶת[object marker]obj marker · אֵת (H853)Direct object marker introducing הַצִּפֹּר הַֽחַיָּהאֵת (H853), untranslatable marker of the direct object of וְשִׁלַּח.
הַצִּפֹּ֧רthe birdart + N common s abs · צִפּוֹר (H6833)Direct objectצִפּוֹר (H6833) 'bird'; the surviving bird, now to be set free.
הַֽחַיָּ֛הthe livingart + adj f s abs · חַי (H2416)Attributive adjective modifying הַצִּפֹּרחַי (H2416) 'living'; specifies which bird is released alive, matching v.7.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition marking destination of the releaseאֶל (H413) 'to'; introduces the destination outside the city.
מִח֥וּץoutsideprep + N m s abs · חוּץ (H2351)Object of preposition אֶל (locative)חוּץ (H2351) 'outside'; with prefixed מִן, 'to a place outside.'
לָעִ֖ירthe cityprep + art + N f s abs · עִיר (H5892)Object of preposition, qualifying מִחוּץעִיר (H5892) 'city'; the bird leaves settled space entirely, as the demolished house's debris did in v.45.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Preposition introducing further specification of destinationאֶל (H413), repeated to introduce 'the face of the field' as apposition to מִחוּץ לָעִיר.
פְּנֵ֣יthe face ofN common pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Object of preposition, construct headפָּנִים (H6440) 'face'; idiomatic construct 'the face/surface of', with הַשָּׂדֶה — identical phrase to v.7.
הַשָּׂדֶ֑הthe fieldart + N m s abs · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Genitive (construct complement)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'field'; the open, uninhabited countryside where the bird disappears, exactly as in v.7.
וְכִפֶּ֥רand he shall atonePiel weqatal 3ms · כָּפַר (H3722)Weqatal, second and final action of the rite's conclusion→ Weqatal (Piel): sequential, the atoning act — notably applied to a BUILDING rather than a person, unusual within P's normal usage of כִּפֶּרכָּפַר (H3722), Piel 'to atone, make atonement'; startling that atonement is here made 'for the house' (עַל הַבַּיִת) rather than for a person, treating the house's affliction as itself an encroachment on holy order requiring reparation — cf. the text-note's observation about the mysterious אָשָׁם requirement for the human rite.
עַלforprep · עַל (H5921)Preposition governing הַבַּיִת (beneficiary of atonement)עַל (H5921) 'for, on behalf of'; the standard preposition for the object of atonement, here uniquely applied to a building.
הַבַּ֖יִתthe houseart + N m s abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Object of preposition עַלבַּיִת (H1004); the house itself is the recipient of atonement, remarkable since atonement in P is normally for persons or sacred objects/spaces, not domestic structures.
וְטָהֵֽרand it shall be cleanQal weqatal 3ms · טָהֵר (H2891)Weqatal, final resultative clause closing the unit→ Weqatal (Qal stative): sequential, the resultant achieved state — echoing v.8's closing formula for the man's own cleannessטָהֵר (H2891), Qal 'to be/become clean'; the house's own achieved condition, closing the confirming rite exactly as the man's parallel cleansing closes in v.8-9.
54

זֹ֖את הַתּוֹרָ֑ה לְכָל נֶ֥גַע הַצָּרַ֖עַת וְלַנָּֽתֶק

This is the instruction for every mark of scale-disease, and for a scall,

Colophon opening (זֹאת הַתּוֹרָה), gathering all scale-disease lawsasyndeton
The closing formula of chs. 13-14 begins its comprehensive list: skin-mark and scall, then (vv.55-56) garment, house, and the various lesion-types — one torah covering every manifestation.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
זֹ֖אתthisdemonstrative pron f sg · זֹאת (H2063)Subject (heading the colophon for chs. 13-14)זֹאת (H2063), feminine demonstrative 'this'; opens the closing formula gathering all the scale-disease laws under one heading.
הַתּוֹרָ֑הis the instructionart + N f sg abs · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Predicate nominativeתּוֹרָה (H8451) 'instruction, law'; 'this is the torah for...' — the summary colophon of the whole diagnostic-ritual complex of chs. 13-14.
לְכָלfor everyprep לְ + N m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Prepositional phrase, construct head (quantifier)כֹּל (H3605) 'all, every'; 'for every mark of scale-disease' — the colophon claims comprehensive scope.
נֶ֥גַעmark ofN m sg constr · נֶגַע (H5061)Genitive (construct with כֹּל), construct headנֶגַע (H5061) 'mark, plague'; construct with הַצָּרַעַת, 'mark of scale-disease'.
הַצָּרַ֖עַתscale-diseaseart + N f sg abs · צָרַעַת (H6883)Genitive (construct complement of נֶגַע)צָרַעַת (H6883), the technical scale-disease of chs. 13-14 (skin, garment, house).
וְלַנָּֽתֶקand for a scallconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N m sg abs · נֶתֶק (H5424)Coordinated prepositional phraseנֶתֶק (H5424) 'scall' — the scalp/beard affliction diagnosed in 13:29-37; the colophon lists it alongside the skin-mark.
55

וּלְצָרַ֥עַת הַבֶּ֖גֶד וְלַבָּֽיִת

and for the scale-disease of a garment or a house,

Colophon list continued: garment and houseוְ (continuation)
The heading extends to the two non-human loci of the disease — fabric (ch. 13) and house (ch. 14) — binding the whole diagnostic corpus into a single torah.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
וּלְצָרַ֥עַתand for the scale-disease ofconj וְ + prep לְ + N f sg constr · צָרַעַת (H6883)Coordinated prepositional phrase, construct headצָרַעַת (H6883); construct 'scale-disease of the garment', the fabric-affliction of 13:47-59.
הַבֶּ֖גֶדthe garmentart + N m sg abs · בֶּגֶד (H899)Genitive (construct complement of צָרַעַת)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'garment'; the fabric that can bear the mark (13:47-59).
וְלַבָּֽיִתand for the houseconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N m sg abs · בַּיִת (H1004)Coordinated prepositional phraseבַּיִת (H1004) 'house'; the third locus of צָרַעַת, treated in 14:33-53.
56

וְלַשְׂאֵ֥ת וְלַסַּפַּ֖חַת וְלַבֶּהָֽרֶת

and for a swelling, a scab, and a bright spot,

Colophon list: the three lesion-typesוְ (continuation)
The heading names the three diagnostic lesion-types of ch. 13 (שְׂאֵת, סַפַּחַת, בַּהֶרֶת), the visual symptoms the priest must distinguish — the whole apparatus exists to render a verdict, not to explain cause.
Word-by-word analysis· 3 words
וְלַשְׂאֵ֥תand for a swellingconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N f sg abs · שְׂאֵת (H7613)Coordinated prepositional phraseשְׂאֵת (H7613) 'swelling, raised spot'; one of the three lesion-types diagnosed in 13:2, 10, 19, 43.
וְלַסַּפַּ֖חַתand for a scabconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N f sg abs · סַפַּחַת (H5597)Coordinated prepositional phraseסַפַּחַת (H5597) 'scab, eruption'; a second lesion-type of the skin-disease diagnostics (13:2, 6-8).
וְלַבֶּהָֽרֶתand for a bright spotconj וְ + prep לְ + art + N f sg abs · בַּהֶרֶת (H934)Coordinated prepositional phraseבַּהֶרֶת (H934) 'bright/shiny spot'; the third lesion-type of ch. 13 (13:2, 4, 23-28), completing the diagnostic triad.
57

לְהוֹרֹ֕ת בְּי֥וֹם הַטָּמֵ֖א וּבְי֣וֹם הַטָּהֹ֑ר זֹ֥את תּוֹרַ֖ת הַצָּרָֽעַת

to give instruction on the day of the unclean and on the day of the clean. This is the instruction for scale-disease.

Closing subscription of the whole scale-disease torah (chs. 13-14)asyndeton
The purpose infinitive לְהוֹרֹת ('to teach') and the final זֹאת תּוֹרַת הַצָּרָעַת seal the entire diagnostic-ritual complex: its whole aim is to render a teachable, binary verdict — clean or unclean — not to explain the disease's origin or cure.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
לְהוֹרֹ֕תto give instructionprep לְ + Hiphil inf constr · יָרָה (H3384)Infinitive of purpose (function of the whole torah)→ Infinitive construct (Hiphil): purpose — 'in order to teach/instruct'יָרָה (H3384) Hiphil 'to teach, instruct' (the root of תּוֹרָה); the purpose of the entire corpus is to teach the verdict — to distinguish clean from unclean.
בְּי֥וֹםon the day ofprep בְּ + N m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Temporal construct phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day'; 'on the day of the unclean' — idiomatic for the occasion of declaring uncleanness.
הַטָּמֵ֖אthe uncleanart + adj m sg abs · טָמֵא (H2931)Genitive (construct complement: 'day of the unclean')טָמֵא (H2931) 'unclean'; substantival — the verdict of impurity the priest must render.
וּבְי֣וֹםand on the day ofconj וְ + prep בְּ + N m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Coordinated temporal construct phraseיוֹם (H3117) 'day'; 'and on the day of the clean' — the paired occasion of declaring cleanness.
הַטָּהֹ֑רthe cleanart + adj m sg abs · טָהוֹר (H2889)Genitive (construct complement: 'day of the clean')טָהוֹר (H2889) 'clean'; the binary counterpart to טָמֵא — the whole torah exists to teach this clean/unclean verdict.
זֹ֥אתthisdemonstrative pron f sg · זֹאת (H2063)Subject (closing summary formula)זֹאת (H2063), feminine demonstrative 'this'; the final recapitulating 'this is the torah of scale-disease', sealing chs. 13-14.
תּוֹרַ֖תis the instruction forN f sg constr · תּוֹרָה (H8451)Predicate nominative, construct headתּוֹרָה (H8451) 'instruction, law'; construct with הַצָּרָעַת — the closing subscription of the whole scale-disease legislation.
הַצָּרָֽעַתscale-diseaseart + N f sg abs · צָרַעַת (H6883)Genitive (construct complement of תּוֹרַת)צָרַעַת (H6883), the scale-disease; the final word of the unit, naming the whole subject of chs. 13-14.