Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Jonah, Chapter 1יונה 1

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Jonah 1 (16 verses in the MT) opens: Now the word of YHWH came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying, The middle of the chapter continues: And he said to them, I an Hebrew; and I fear YHWH, the God of heaven, which has made the sea and the dry . It closes: Then the men feared YHWH exceedingly, and offered a sacrifice to YHWH, and made vows.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Jonah 1 comprises 16 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Now the word of YHWH came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying. Now the word of YHWH came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying, Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me. But Jonah rose up to flee to Tarshish from the presence of YHWH, and went down to Joppa; and he found a ship going to Tarshish: so he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man to his god, and cast. Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man to his god, and cast forth the wares that in the ship into the sea, to lighten of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep. So the shipmaster came to him, and said to him, What meanest you, O sleeper? arise, call upon your God, if so be that God will think. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — And he said to them, I an Hebrew; and I fear YHWH, the God of heaven, wh. And he said to them, I an Hebrew; and I fear YHWH, the God of heaven, which has made the sea and the dry . Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said to him, Why have you done this? For the men knew that he fled from the presence of YHWH, because he had told them. Then said they to him, What shall we do to you, that the sea may be calm to us? for the. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring to the land; but they could not. Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them. Wherefore they cried to YHWH, and said, We beseech you, O YHWH, we beseech you, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood: for you, O YHWH, have done as it pleased you. So they took up Jonah, and. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַֽיְהִי֙ דְּבַר יְהוָ֔ה אֶל יוֹנָ֥ה בֶן אֲמִתַּ֖י לֵאמֹֽר

Now the word of YHWH came to Jonah the son of Amittai, saying,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Wayyehî scene-setting or temporal hinge. Opens the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַֽיְהִי֙and it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יוֹנָ֥הJonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
בֶןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲמִתַּ֖יAmittaiN · אֲמִתַּי (H573)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲמִתַּי (H573) 'Amittai'.
לֵאמֹֽרsayingprep + Qal inf constr · אָמַר (H559)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָמַר (H559) 'saying'.
2

ק֠וּם לֵ֧ךְ אֶל נִֽינְוֵ֛ה הָעִ֥יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֖ה וּקְרָ֣א עָלֶ֑יהָ כִּֽי עָלְתָ֥ה רָעָתָ֖ם לְפָנָֽי

Arise, go to Nineveh, that great city, and cry against it; for their wickedness is come up before me.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'rise'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
ק֠וּםriseQal impv 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.
לֵ֧ךְgoQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
נִֽינְוֵ֛הNinevehN · נִינְוֵה (H5210)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נִינְוֵה (H5210) 'Nineveh'.
הָעִ֥ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
הַגְּדוֹלָ֖הgreatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וּקְרָ֣אand he cries outconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'and he cries out'.
עָלֶ֑יהָon itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
עָלְתָ֥הit came upQal perf 3fs · עָלָה (H5927)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָלָה (H5927) 'it came up'.
רָעָתָ֖םthe evilN c · רַע (H7451)Construct chain (genitival)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
לְפָנָֽיbeforeprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 1cs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
3

וַיָּ֤קָם יוֹנָה֙ לִבְרֹ֣חַ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָ֑ה וַיֵּ֨רֶד יָפ֜וֹ וַיִּמְצָ֥א אָנִיָּ֣ה בָּאָ֣ה תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁ וַיִּתֵּ֨ן שְׂכָרָ֜הּ וַיֵּ֤רֶד בָּהּ֙ לָב֤וֹא עִמָּהֶם֙ תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁה מִלִּפְנֵ֖י יְהוָֽה

But Jonah rose up to flee to Tarshish from the presence of YHWH, and went down to Joppa; and he found a ship going to Tarshish: so he paid the fare thereof, and went down into it, to go with them to Tarshish from the presence of YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he arose'.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיָּ֤קָםand he aroseconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקוּם (H6965) 'and he arose'.
יוֹנָה֙JonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
לִבְרֹ֣חַto pass throughprep + Qal inf constr · בָּרַח (H1272)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבָּרַח (H1272) 'to pass through'.
תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁהand TarshishN · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
מִלִּפְנֵ֖יfrom beforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֵּ֨רֶדand went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
יָפ֜וֹJoppaN · יָפוֹ (H3305)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָפוֹ (H3305) 'Joppa'.
וַיִּמְצָ֥אand foundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · מָצָא (H4672)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָצָא (H4672) 'and found'.
אָנִיָּ֣הshipsN c · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Construct chain (genitival)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
בָּאָ֣הhas comeQal ptc fs · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'has come'.
תַרְשִׁ֗ישׁand TarshishN · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
וַיִּתֵּ֨ןand he gaveconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָתַן (H5414) 'and he gave'.
שְׂכָרָ֜הּyour wagesN c · שָׂכָר (H7939)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂכָר (H7939) 'your wages'.
וַיֵּ֤רֶדand went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and went down'.
בָּהּ֙in itprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'in it'.
לָב֤וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
עִמָּהֶם֙were with themprep + sfx 3mp · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'were with them'.
תַּרְשִׁ֔ישָׁהand TarshishN · תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תַּרְשִׁישׁ (H8659) 'and Tarshish'.
מִלִּפְנֵ֖יfrom beforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
4

וַֽיהוָ֗ה הֵטִ֤יל רֽוּחַ גְּדוֹלָה֙ אֶל הַיָּ֔ם וַיְהִ֥י סַֽעַר גָּד֖וֹל בַּיָּ֑ם וְהָ֣אֳנִיָּ֔ה חִשְּׁבָ֖ה לְהִשָּׁבֵֽר

But YHWH sent out a great wind into the sea, and there was a mighty tempest in the sea, so that the ship was like to be broken.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַֽיהוָ֗הand YHWHconj וְ + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'and YHWH'.
הֵטִ֤ילandHiphil perf 3ms · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
רֽוּחַa spirit ofN c · רוּחַ (H7307)Construct chain (genitival)רוּחַ (H7307) 'a spirit of'.
גְּדוֹלָה֙greatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
סַֽעַרinN c · סַעַר (H5591)Construct chain (genitival)סַעַר (H5591) 'in'.
גָּד֖וֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
בַּיָּ֑םinto the seaprep + art + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'into the sea'.
וְהָ֣אֳנִיָּ֔הshipsconj וְ + art + N com f sg abs · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
חִשְּׁבָ֖הdevised itPiel perf 3fs · חָשַׁב (H2803)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָשַׁב (H2803) 'devised it'.
לְהִשָּׁבֵֽרyou shall breakprep + Niphal inf constr · שָׁבַר (H7665)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁבַר (H7665) 'you shall break'.
5

וַיִּֽירְא֣וּ הַמַּלָּחִ֗ים וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל אֱלֹהָיו֒ וַיָּטִ֨לוּ אֶת הַכֵּלִ֜ים אֲשֶׁ֤ר בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙ אֶל הַיָּ֔ם לְהָקֵ֖ל מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑ם וְיוֹנָ֗ה יָרַד֙ אֶל יַרְכְּתֵ֣י הַסְּפִינָ֔ה וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖ב וַיֵּרָדַֽם

Then the mariners were afraid, and cried every man to his god, and cast forth the wares that in the ship into the sea, to lighten of them. But Jonah was gone down into the sides of the ship; and he lay, and was fast asleep.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they feared'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּֽירְא֣וּand they fearedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and they feared'.
הַמַּלָּחִ֗יםmarinerart + N com m pl abs · מַלָּח (H4419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלָּח (H4419) 'mariner'.
וַֽיִּזְעֲקוּ֮and they cried outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָעַק (H2199) 'and they cried out'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱלֹהָיו֒his GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'his God'.
וַיָּטִ֨לוּandconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַכֵּלִ֜יםthe vesselsart + N com m pl abs · כְּלִי (H3627)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כְּלִי (H3627) 'the vessels'.
אֲשֶׁ֤רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בָּֽאֳנִיָּה֙shipsprep + art + N com f sg abs · אֳנִיָּה (H591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֳנִיָּה (H591) 'ships'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
לְהָקֵ֖לto curseprep + Hiphil inf constr · קָלַל (H7043)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָלַל (H7043) 'to curse'.
מֵֽעֲלֵיהֶ֑םfrom themprep + prep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from them'.
וְיוֹנָ֗הJonahconj וְ + N proper · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
יָרַד֙it will come downQal perf 3ms · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרַד (H3381) 'it will come down'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יַרְכְּתֵ֣יat the rearN c · יְרֵכָה (H3411)Construct chain (genitival)יְרֵכָה (H3411) 'at the rear'.
הַסְּפִינָ֔הshipart + N com f sg abs · סְפִינָה (H5600)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סְפִינָה (H5600) 'ship'.
וַיִּשְׁכַּ֖בand he layconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁכַב (H7901)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁכַב (H7901) 'and he lay'.
וַיֵּרָדַֽםwas fast asleepconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · רָדַם (H7290)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceרָדַם (H7290) 'was fast asleep'.
6

וַיִּקְרַ֤ב אֵלָיו֙ רַ֣ב הַחֹבֵ֔ל וַיֹּ֥אמֶר ל֖וֹ מַה לְּךָ֣ נִרְדָּ֑ם ק֚וּם קְרָ֣א אֶל אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָ אוּלַ֞י יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧ת הָאֱלֹהִ֛ים לָ֖נוּ וְלֹ֥א נֹאבֵֽד

So the shipmaster came to him, and said to him, What meanest you, O sleeper? arise, call upon your God, if so be that God will think upon us, that we perish not.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he brought near'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיִּקְרַ֤בand he brought nearconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרַב (H7126)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרַב (H7126) 'and he brought near'.
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
רַ֣בgreatN c · רַב (H7227)Construct chain (genitival)רַב (H7227) 'great'.
הַחֹבֵ֔לpilotart + N com m sg abs · חֹבֵל (H2259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֹבֵל (H2259) 'pilot'.
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
ל֖וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
לְּךָ֣to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
נִרְדָּ֑םwas fast asleepN · רָדַם (H7290)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָדַם (H7290) 'was fast asleep'.
ק֚וּםriseQal impv 2ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקוּם (H6965) 'rise'.
קְרָ֣אhe calledQal impv 2ms · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeקָרָא (H7121) 'he called'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֱלֹהֶ֔יךָyour GodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'your God'.
אוּלַ֞יperhapsart · אוּלַי (H194)Particle or relational elementאוּלַי (H194) 'perhaps'.
יִתְעַשֵּׁ֧תshineHithpael impf 3ms · עָשַׁת (H6245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשַׁת (H6245) 'shine'.
הָאֱלֹהִ֛יםGodart + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
לָ֖נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
נֹאבֵֽדyour perishingQal impf 1cp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
7

וַיֹּאמְר֞וּ אִ֣ישׁ אֶל רֵעֵ֗הוּ לְכוּ֙ וְנַפִּ֣ילָה גֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛י הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ וַיַּפִּ֨לוּ֙ גּֽוֹרָל֔וֹת וַיִּפֹּ֥ל הַגּוֹרָ֖ל עַל יוֹנָֽה

And they said every one to his fellow, Come, and let us cast lots, that we may know for whose cause this evil upon us. So they cast lots, and the lot fell upon Jonah.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּאמְר֞וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
רֵעֵ֗הוּhis neighborN c · רֵעַ (H7453)Construct chain (genitival)רֵעַ (H7453) 'his neighbor'.
לְכוּ֙goQal impv 2mp · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
וְנַפִּ֣ילָהand he fellconj וְ + Hiphil cohortative 1cp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
גֽוֹרָל֔וֹתlotsN c · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'lots'.
וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔הthat we may know themconj וְ + Qal cohortative 1cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalיָדַע (H3045) 'that we may know them'.
בְּשֶׁלְּמִ֛יwhoprep + rel. שֶׁ + prep + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'who'.
הָרָעָ֥הthe evilart + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
הַזֹּ֖אתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
לָ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
וַיַּפִּ֨לוּ֙and they fellconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and they fell'.
גּֽוֹרָל֔וֹתlotsN c · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Construct chain (genitival)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'lots'.
וַיִּפֹּ֥לand he fellconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · נָפַל (H5307)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָפַל (H5307) 'and he fell'.
הַגּוֹרָ֖לthe lotart + N com m sg abs · גּוֹרָל (H1486)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹרָל (H1486) 'the lot'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יוֹנָֽהJonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
8

וַיֹּאמְר֣וּ אֵלָ֔יו הַגִּידָה נָּ֣א לָ֔נוּ בַּאֲשֶׁ֛ר לְמִי הָרָעָ֥ה הַזֹּ֖את לָ֑נוּ מַה מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙ וּמֵאַ֣יִן תָּב֔וֹא מָ֣ה אַרְצֶ֔ךָ וְאֵֽי מִזֶּ֥ה עַ֖ם אָֽתָּה

Then said they to him, Tell us, we pray you, for whose cause this evil upon us; What your occupation? and whence comest you? what your country? and of what people you?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיֹּאמְר֣וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אֵלָ֔יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
הַגִּידָהtellHiphil impv 2ms + Sh · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָגַד (H5046) 'tell'.
נָּ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
לָ֔נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
בַּאֲשֶׁ֛רwhereprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'where'.
לְמִיto whomprep + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'to whom'.
הָרָעָ֥הthe evilart + N com f sg abs · רַע (H7451)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַע (H7451) 'the evil'.
הַזֹּ֖אתthisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
לָ֑נוּto usprep + sfx 1cpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to us'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
מְּלַאכְתְּךָ֙your workN c · מְלָאכָה (H4399)Construct chain (genitival)מְלָאכָה (H4399) 'your work'.
וּמֵאַ֣יִןand from whereconj וְ + prep + interrog. · אַיִן (H370)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H370) 'and from where'.
תָּב֔וֹאyou comeQal impf 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'you come'.
מָ֣הwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
אַרְצֶ֔ךָyour landN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'your land'.
וְאֵֽיwhereconj וְ + interrog. · אֵי (H335)Particle or relational elementאֵי (H335) 'where'.
מִזֶּ֥הfrom hereprep + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'from here'.
עַ֖םa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
אָֽתָּהyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
9

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֖ם עִבְרִ֣י אָנֹ֑כִי וְאֶת יְהוָ֞ה אֱלֹהֵ֤י הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙ אֲנִ֣י יָרֵ֔א אֲשֶׁר עָשָׂ֥ה אֶת הַיָּ֖ם וְאֶת הַיַּבָּשָֽׁה

And he said to them, I an Hebrew; and I fear YHWH, the God of heaven, which has made the sea and the dry .

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲלֵיהֶ֖םto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
עִבְרִ֣יHebrewN · עִבְרִי (H5680)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִבְרִי (H5680) 'Hebrew'.
אָנֹ֑כִיIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
יְהוָ֞הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אֱלֹהֵ֤יthe God ofN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'the God of'.
הַשָּׁמַ֨יִם֙the heavensart + N com m pl abs · שָׁמַיִם (H8064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁמַיִם (H8064) 'the heavens'.
אֲנִ֣יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
יָרֵ֔אhe fearedQal perf 3ms · יָרֵא (H3373)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָרֵא (H3373) 'he feared'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
עָשָׂ֥הhe didQal perf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he did'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
הַיַּבָּשָֽׁהon the dry groundart + N com f sg abs · יַבָּשָׁה (H3004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַבָּשָׁה (H3004) 'on the dry ground'.
10

וַיִּֽירְא֤וּ הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙ יִרְאָ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַיֹּאמְר֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו מַה זֹּ֣את עָשִׂ֑יתָ כִּֽי יָדְע֣וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים כִּֽי מִלִּפְנֵ֤י יְהוָה֙ ה֣וּא בֹרֵ֔חַ כִּ֥י הִגִּ֖יד לָהֶֽם

Then were the men exceedingly afraid, and said to him, Why have you done this? For the men knew that he fled from the presence of YHWH, because he had told them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they feared'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיִּֽירְא֤וּand they fearedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and they feared'.
הָֽאֲנָשִׁים֙the menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
יִרְאָ֣הhe fearedN c · יָרֵא (H3373)Construct chain (genitival)יָרֵא (H3373) 'he feared'.
גְדוֹלָ֔הgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וַיֹּאמְר֥וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
זֹּ֣אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
עָשִׂ֑יתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יָדְע֣וּhave knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִלִּפְנֵ֤יfrom beforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'from before'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
ה֣וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בֹרֵ֔חַhad fledQal ptc ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּרַח (H1272) 'had fled'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הִגִּ֖ידtoldHiphil perf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַד (H5046) 'told'.
לָהֶֽםto themprep + sfx 3mpParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to them'.
11

וַיֹּאמְר֤וּ אֵלָיו֙ מַה נַּ֣עֲשֶׂה לָּ֔ךְ וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַיָּ֖ם מֵֽעָלֵ֑ינוּ כִּ֥י הַיָּ֖ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְסֹעֵֽר

Then said they to him, What shall we do to you, that the sea may be calm to us? for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיֹּאמְר֤וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
נַּ֣עֲשֶׂהwe will doQal impf 1cp · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'we will do'.
לָּ֔ךְto youprep + sfx 2fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥קandconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · שָׁתַק (H8367)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתַק (H8367) 'and'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
מֵֽעָלֵ֑ינוּfrom upon usprep + prep + sfx 1cp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon us'.
כִּ֥יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
הוֹלֵ֥ךְwalkingQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walking'.
וְסֹעֵֽרandconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · סָעַר (H5590)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָעַר (H5590) 'and'.
12

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֲלֵיהֶ֗ם שָׂא֨וּנִי֙ וַהֲטִילֻ֣נִי אֶל הַיָּ֔ם וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥ק הַיָּ֖ם מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֑ם כִּ֚י יוֹדֵ֣עַ אָ֔נִי כִּ֣י בְשֶׁלִּ֔י הַסַּ֧עַר הַגָּד֛וֹל הַזֶּ֖ה עֲלֵיכֶֽם

And he said to them, Take me up, and cast me forth into the sea; so shall the sea be calm to you: for I know that for my sake this great tempest upon you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֲלֵיהֶ֗םto themprep + sfx 3mp · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to them'.
שָׂא֨וּנִי֙lifts upQal impv 2mp + sfx 1cs · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
וַהֲטִילֻ֣נִיandconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp + sfx 1cs · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וְיִשְׁתֹּ֥קandconj וְ + Qal impf 3ms · שָׁתַק (H8367)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁתַק (H8367) 'and'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
מֵֽעֲלֵיכֶ֑םfrom upon youprep + prep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon you'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
יוֹדֵ֣עַshall it be knownQal ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
אָ֔נִיIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בְשֶׁלִּ֔יthat / whichprep + rel. שֶׁ + prep + sfx 1cs · שֶׁל (H7945)Particle or relational elementשֶׁל (H7945) 'that / which'.
הַסַּ֧עַרinart + N com m sg abs · סַעַר (H5591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סַעַר (H5591) 'in'.
הַגָּד֛וֹלthe greatart + Adj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'the great'.
הַזֶּ֖הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
עֲלֵיכֶֽםagainst youprep + sfx 2mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against you'.
13

וַיַּחְתְּר֣וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֗ים לְהָשִׁ֛יב אֶל הַיַּבָּשָׁ֖ה וְלֹ֣א יָכֹ֑לוּ כִּ֣י הַיָּ֔ם הוֹלֵ֥ךְ וְסֹעֵ֖ר עֲלֵיהֶֽם

Nevertheless the men rowed hard to bring to the land; but they could not: for the sea wrought, and was tempestuous against them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'dig'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּחְתְּר֣וּdigconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · חָתַר (H2864)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחָתַר (H2864) 'dig'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֗יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
לְהָשִׁ֛יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַיַּבָּשָׁ֖הon the dry groundart + N com f sg abs · יַבָּשָׁה (H3004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יַבָּשָׁה (H3004) 'on the dry ground'.
וְלֹ֣אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
יָכֹ֑לוּthey were ableQal perf 3cp · יָכֹל (H3201)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָכֹל (H3201) 'they were able'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַיָּ֔םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
הוֹלֵ֥ךְwalkingQal ptc ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorהָלַךְ (H1980) 'walking'.
וְסֹעֵ֖רandconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · סָעַר (H5590)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסָעַר (H5590) 'and'.
עֲלֵיהֶֽםupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
14

וַיִּקְרְא֨וּ אֶל יְהוָ֜ה וַיֹּאמְר֗וּ אָנָּ֤ה יְהוָה֙ אַל נָ֣א נֹאבְדָ֗ה בְּנֶ֨פֶשׁ֙ הָאִ֣ישׁ הַזֶּ֔ה וְאַל תִּתֵּ֥ן עָלֵ֖ינוּ דָּ֣ם נָקִ֑יא כִּֽי אַתָּ֣ה יְהוָ֔ה כַּאֲשֶׁ֥ר חָפַ֖צְתָּ עָשִֽׂיתָ

Wherefore they cried to YHWH, and said, We beseech you, O YHWH, we beseech you, let us not perish for this man's life, and lay not upon us innocent blood: for you, O YHWH, have done as it pleased you.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
וַיִּקְרְא֨וּand they calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and they called'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
יְהוָ֜הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיֹּאמְר֗וּand they saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and they said'.
אָנָּ֤הI prayparticle · אָנָּא (H577)Particle or relational elementאָנָּא (H577) 'I pray'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
נָ֣אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
נֹאבְדָ֗הyour perishingQal cohortative 1cp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (weqatal / cohortative)→ Weqatal/cohortative: sequential or volitionalאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
בְּנֶ֨פֶשׁ֙against the personprep + N com c sg constr · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'against the person'.
הָאִ֣ישׁthe manart + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the man'.
הַזֶּ֔הthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וְאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
תִּתֵּ֥ןyou shall giveQal jussive 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalנָתַן (H5414) 'you shall give'.
עָלֵ֖ינוּupon usprep + sfx 1cp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon us'.
דָּ֣םbloodN c · דָּם (H1818)Construct chain (genitival)דָּם (H1818) 'blood'.
נָקִ֑יאinnocentAdj · נָקִי (H5355)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָקִי (H5355) 'innocent'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אַתָּ֣הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כַּאֲשֶׁ֥רjust asprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'just as'.
חָפַ֖צְתָּyou delightQal perf 2ms · חָפֵץ (H2654)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָפֵץ (H2654) 'you delight'.
עָשִֽׂיתָyou have doneQal perf 2ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָשָׂה (H6213) 'you have done'.
15

וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙ אֶת יוֹנָ֔ה וַיְטִלֻ֖הוּ אֶל הַיָּ֑ם וַיַּעֲמֹ֥ד הַיָּ֖ם מִזַּעְפּֽוֹ

So they took up Jonah, and cast him forth into the sea: and the sea ceased from her raging.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they lifted up'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיִּשְׂאוּ֙and they lifted upconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָשָׂא (H5375)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָשָׂא (H5375) 'and they lifted up'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יוֹנָ֔הJonahN · יוֹנָה (H3124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹנָה (H3124) 'Jonah'.
וַיְטִלֻ֖הוּandconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp + sfx 3ms · טוּל (H2904)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטוּל (H2904) 'and'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַיָּ֑םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
וַיַּעֲמֹ֥דand he stoodconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָמַד (H5975) 'and he stood'.
הַיָּ֖םthe seaart + N com m sg abs · יָם (H3220)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָם (H3220) 'the sea'.
מִזַּעְפּֽוֹinprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 3ms · זַעַף (H2197)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementזַעַף (H2197) 'in'.
16

וַיִּֽירְא֧וּ הָאֲנָשִׁ֛ים יִרְאָ֥ה גְדוֹלָ֖ה אֶת יְהוָ֑ה וַיִּֽזְבְּחוּ זֶ֨בַח֙ לַֽיהוָ֔ה וַֽיִּדְּר֖וּ נְדָרִֽים

Then the men feared YHWH exceedingly, and offered a sacrifice to YHWH, and made vows.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they feared'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּֽירְא֧וּand they fearedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרֵא (H3372) 'and they feared'.
הָאֲנָשִׁ֛יםthe menart + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'the men'.
יִרְאָ֥הhe fearedN c · יָרֵא (H3373)Construct chain (genitival)יָרֵא (H3373) 'he feared'.
גְדוֹלָ֖הgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יְהוָ֑הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
וַיִּֽזְבְּחוּand they sacrificedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · זָבַח (H2076)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָבַח (H2076) 'and they sacrificed'.
זֶ֨בַח֙the sacrifice ofN c · זֶבַח (H2077)Construct chain (genitival)זֶבַח (H2077) 'the sacrifice of'.
לַֽיהוָ֔הto YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'to YHWH'.
וַֽיִּדְּר֖וּyou vowconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · נָדַר (H5087)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָדַר (H5087) 'you vow'.
נְדָרִֽיםa vowN c · נֶדֶר (H5088)Construct chain (genitival)נֶדֶר (H5088) 'a vow'.