Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Esther, Chapter 4אסתר 4

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Esther 4 (17 verses in the MT) opens: When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry; The middle of the chapter continues: And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai. It closes: So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Esther 4 comprises 17 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, an. When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry; And came even before the king's gate: for none enter into the king's gate clothed with sackcloth. And in every province, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Then called Esther for Hatach, of the king's chamberlains, whom he had a. Then called Esther for Hatach, of the king's chamberlains, whom he had appointed to attend upon her, and gave him a commandment to Mordecai, to know what it , and why it . So Hatach went forth to Mordecai to the street of the city, which before the king's gate. And Mordecai told him of all that had happened to him, and of the sum of the money that Haman had. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai. And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai. Again Esther spake to Hatach, and gave him commandment to Mordecai; All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come to the king into the inner court, who is not called, one law of his to put to death, except such to whom the king. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not with thyself that yo. Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not with thyself that you shall escape in the king's house, more than all the Jews. For if you altogether holdest your peace at this time, shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place; but you and your father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether you are come to. Movement V (vv. 17) — So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had comma. So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗י יָדַע֙ אֶת כָּל אֲשֶׁ֣ר נַעֲשָׂ֔ה וַיִּקְרַ֤ע מָרְדֳּכַי֙ אֶת בְּגָדָ֔יו וַיִּלְבַּ֥שׁ שַׂ֖ק וָאֵ֑פֶר וַיֵּצֵא֙ בְּת֣וֹךְ הָעִ֔יר וַיִּזְעַ֛ק זְעָקָ֥ה גְדֹלָ֖ה וּמָרָֽה

When Mordecai perceived all that was done, Mordecai rent his clothes, and put on sackcloth with ashes, and went out into the midst of the city, and cried with a loud and a bitter cry;

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he knew'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וּמָרְדֳּכַ֗יandconj וְ + N proper · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'and'.
יָדַע֙he knewQal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נַעֲשָׂ֔הwe will doN · עָשָׂה (H6213)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָשָׂה (H6213) 'we will do'.
וַיִּקְרַ֤עand he toreconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · קָרַע (H7167)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרַע (H7167) 'and he tore'.
מָרְדֳּכַי֙MordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בְּגָדָ֔יוhis garmentsN c · בֶּגֶד (H899)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'his garments'.
וַיִּלְבַּ֥שׁand clothedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and clothed'.
שַׂ֖קsackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
וָאֵ֑פֶרand ashesconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אֵפֶר (H665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵפֶר (H665) 'and ashes'.
וַיֵּצֵא֙and he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
בְּת֣וֹךְin the midst ofprep + N com m sg constr · תָּוֶךְ (H8432)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תָּוֶךְ (H8432) 'in the midst of'.
הָעִ֔ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
וַיִּזְעַ֛קsummonedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · זָעַק (H2199)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceזָעַק (H2199) 'summoned'.
זְעָקָ֥הoutcry ofN c · זַעֲקָה (H2201)Construct chain (genitival)זַעֲקָה (H2201) 'outcry of'.
גְדֹלָ֖הgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
וּמָרָֽהand bitterconj וְ + Adj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'and bitter'.
2

וַיָּב֕וֹא עַ֖ד לִפְנֵ֣י שַֽׁעַר הַמֶּ֑לֶךְ כִּ֣י אֵ֥ין לָב֛וֹא אֶל שַׁ֥עַר הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ בִּלְב֥וּשׁ שָֽׂק

And came even before the king's gate: for none enter into the king's gate clothed with sackcloth.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיָּב֕וֹאand cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and came'.
עַ֖דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
לִפְנֵ֣יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
שַֽׁעַרthe gate ofN c · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate of'.
הַמֶּ֑לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֵ֥יןthere is notneg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'there is not'.
לָב֛וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
שַׁ֥עַרthe gate ofN c · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate of'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בִּלְב֥וּשׁhis garmentprep + N com m sg constr · לְבוּשׁ (H3830)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)לְבוּשׁ (H3830) 'his garment'.
שָֽׂקsackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
3

וּבְכָל מְדִינָ֣ה וּמְדִינָ֗ה מְקוֹם֙ אֲשֶׁ֨ר דְּבַר הַמֶּ֤לֶךְ וְדָתוֹ֙ מַגִּ֔יעַ אֵ֤בֶל גָּדוֹל֙ לַיְּהוּדִ֔ים וְצ֥וֹם וּבְכִ֖י וּמִסְפֵּ֑ד שַׂ֣ק וָאֵ֔פֶר יֻצַּ֖ע לָֽרַבִּֽים

And in every province, whithersoever the king's commandment and his decree came, great mourning among the Jews, and fasting, and weeping, and wailing; and many lay in sackcloth and ashes.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'reaching'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וּבְכָלand with allconj וְ + prep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and with all'.
מְדִינָ֣ה(× every) provinceN c · מְדִינָה (H4082)Construct chain (genitival)מְדִינָה (H4082) '(× every) province'.
וּמְדִינָ֗ה(× every) provinceconj וְ + N com f sg abs · מְדִינָה (H4082)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְדִינָה (H4082) '(× every) province'.
מְקוֹם֙a placeN c · מָקוֹם (H4725)Construct chain (genitival)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'a place'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
דְּבַרthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
הַמֶּ֤לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְדָתוֹ֙law / decreeconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · דָּת (H1881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּת (H1881) 'law / decree'.
מַגִּ֔יעַreachingHiphil ptc ms · נָגַע (H5060)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָגַע (H5060) 'reaching'.
אֵ֤בֶלmourningN c · אֵבֶל (H60)Construct chain (genitival)אֵבֶל (H60) 'mourning'.
גָּדוֹל֙greatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
לַיְּהוּדִ֔יםJewprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
וְצ֥וֹםfastconj וְ + N com m sg abs · צוֹם (H6685)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צוֹם (H6685) 'fast'.
וּבְכִ֖יweepingconj וְ + N com m sg abs · בְּכִי (H1065)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בְּכִי (H1065) 'weeping'.
וּמִסְפֵּ֑דlamentationconj וְ + N com m sg abs · מִסְפֵּד (H4553)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִסְפֵּד (H4553) 'lamentation'.
שַׂ֣קsackclothN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'sackcloth'.
וָאֵ֔פֶרand ashesconj וְ + N com m sg abs · אֵפֶר (H665)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵפֶר (H665) 'and ashes'.
יֻצַּ֖עmake (one's) bedHophal impf 3ms · יַצַע (H3331)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיַצַע (H3331) 'make (one's) bed'.
לָֽרַבִּֽיםmanyprep + art + Adj · רַב (H7227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַב (H7227) 'many'.
4

וַ֠תָּבוֹאינָה נַעֲר֨וֹת אֶסְתֵּ֤ר וְסָרִיסֶ֨יהָ֙ וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לָ֔הּ וַתִּתְחַלְחַ֥ל הַמַּלְכָּ֖ה מְאֹ֑ד וַתִּשְׁלַ֨ח בְּגָדִ֜ים לְהַלְבִּ֣ישׁ אֶֽת מָרְדֳּכַ֗י וּלְהָסִ֥יר שַׂקּ֛וֹ מֵעָלָ֖יו וְלֹ֥א קִבֵּֽל

So Esther's maids and her chamberlains came and told her. Then was the queen exceedingly grieved; and she sent raiment to clothe Mordecai, and to take away his sackcloth from him: but he received not.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַ֠תָּבוֹאינָהand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
נַעֲר֨וֹתthe girlN c · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Construct chain (genitival)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
אֶסְתֵּ֤רEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
וְסָרִיסֶ֨יהָ֙officer / official ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3fs · סָרִיס (H5631)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָרִיס (H5631) 'officer / official of'.
וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּand toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and told'.
לָ֔הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
וַתִּתְחַלְחַ֥לand be in anguishconj וְ + f wayyiqtol 3fs · חוּל (H2342)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceחוּל (H2342) 'and be in anguish'.
הַמַּלְכָּ֖הqueenart + N com f sg abs · מַלְכָּה (H4436)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְכָּה (H4436) 'queen'.
מְאֹ֑דveryart · מְאֹד (H3966)Particle or relational elementמְאֹד (H3966) 'very'.
וַתִּשְׁלַ֨חand she sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and she sent'.
בְּגָדִ֜יםgarmentsN c · בֶּגֶד (H899)Construct chain (genitival)בֶּגֶד (H899) 'garments'.
לְהַלְבִּ֣ישׁand you shall clotheprep + Hiphil inf constr · לָבַשׁ (H3847)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementלָבַשׁ (H3847) 'and you shall clothe'.
אֶֽת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
מָרְדֳּכַ֗יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
וּלְהָסִ֥ירhe shall remove itconj וְ + prep + Hiphil inf constr · סוּר (H5493)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסוּר (H5493) 'he shall remove it'.
שַׂקּ֛וֹhis sackN c · שַׂק (H8242)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂק (H8242) 'his sack'.
מֵעָלָ֖יוfrom upon himprep + prep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'from upon him'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
קִבֵּֽלcorrespondingPiel perf 3ms · קָבַל (H6901)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָבַל (H6901) 'corresponding'.
5

וַתִּקְרָא֩ אֶסְתֵּ֨ר לַהֲתָ֜ךְ מִסָּרִיסֵ֤י הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר הֶעֱמִ֣יד לְפָנֶ֔יהָ וַתְּצַוֵּ֖הוּ עַֽל מָרְדֳּכָ֑י לָדַ֥עַת מַה זֶּ֖ה וְעַל מַה זֶּֽה

Then called Esther for Hatach, of the king's chamberlains, whom he had appointed to attend upon her, and gave him a commandment to Mordecai, to know what it , and why it .

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she called'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַתִּקְרָא֩and she calledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · קָרָא (H7121)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָרָא (H7121) 'and she called'.
אֶסְתֵּ֨רEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
לַהֲתָ֜ךְtoprep + N proper · הֲתָךְ (H2047)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲתָךְ (H2047) 'to'.
מִסָּרִיסֵ֤יofficer / official ofprep + N com m pl constr · סָרִיס (H5631)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סָרִיס (H5631) 'officer / official of'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הֶעֱמִ֣ידstandingHiphil perf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
לְפָנֶ֔יהָbeforeprep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3fs · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
וַתְּצַוֵּ֖הוּcommandedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
מָרְדֳּכָ֑יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
לָדַ֥עַתto knowprep + Qal inf constr · יָדַע (H3045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementיָדַע (H3045) 'to know'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
זֶּ֖הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
זֶּֽהthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
6

וַיֵּצֵ֥א הֲתָ֖ךְ אֶֽל מָרְדֳּכָ֑י אֶל רְח֣וֹב הָעִ֔יר אֲשֶׁ֖ר לִפְנֵ֥י שַֽׁעַר הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

So Hatach went forth to Mordecai to the street of the city, which before the king's gate.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went out'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיֵּצֵ֥אand he went outconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָצָא (H3318) 'and he went out'.
הֲתָ֖ךְHatachN · הֲתָךְ (H2047)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲתָךְ (H2047) 'Hatach'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מָרְדֳּכָ֑יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
רְח֣וֹבin the squareN c · רְחוֹב (H7339)Construct chain (genitival)רְחוֹב (H7339) 'in the square'.
הָעִ֔ירthe cityart + N com f sg abs · עִיר (H5892)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עִיר (H5892) 'the city'.
אֲשֶׁ֖רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
שַֽׁעַרthe gate ofN c · שַׁעַר (H8179)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁעַר (H8179) 'the gate of'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
7

וַיַּגֶּד ל֣וֹ מָרְדֳּכַ֔י אֵ֖ת כָּל אֲשֶׁ֣ר קָרָ֑הוּ וְאֵ֣ת פָּרָשַׁ֣ת הַכֶּ֗סֶף אֲשֶׁ֨ר אָמַ֤ר הָמָן֙ לִ֠שְׁקוֹל עַל גִּנְזֵ֥י הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ ביהודיים בַּיְּהוּדִ֖ים לְאַבְּדָֽם

And Mordecai told him of all that had happened to him, and of the sum of the money that Haman had promised to pay to the king's treasuries for the Jews, to destroy them.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיַּגֶּדand it was toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
ל֣וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
מָרְדֳּכַ֔יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
קָרָ֑הוּand he metQal perf 3ms + sfx 3ms · קָרָה (H7136)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָרָה (H7136) 'and he met'.
וְאֵ֣תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
פָּרָשַׁ֣תdeclarationN c · פָּרָשָׁה (H6575)Construct chain (genitival)פָּרָשָׁה (H6575) 'declaration'.
הַכֶּ֗סֶףthe silverart + N com m sg abs · כֶּסֶף (H3701)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּסֶף (H3701) 'the silver'.
אֲשֶׁ֨רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אָמַ֤רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
הָמָן֙HamanN · הָמָן (H2001)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָמָן (H2001) 'Haman'.
לִ֠שְׁקוֹלhe shall weigh outprep + Qal inf constr · שָקַל (H8254)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָקַל (H8254) 'he shall weigh out'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
גִּנְזֵ֥יandN c · גֶּנֶז (H1595)Construct chain (genitival)גֶּנֶז (H1595) 'and'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
ביהודייםJewprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
בַּיְּהוּדִ֖יםJewprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
לְאַבְּדָֽםyour perishingprep + Piel inf constr + sfx 3mp · אָבַד (H6)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
8

וְאֶת פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶן כְּתָֽב הַ֠דָּת אֲשֶׁר נִתַּ֨ן בְּשׁוּשָׁ֤ן לְהַשְׁמִידָם֙ נָ֣תַן ל֔וֹ לְהַרְא֥וֹת אֶת אֶסְתֵּ֖ר וּלְהַגִּ֣יד לָ֑הּ וּלְצַוּ֣וֹת עָלֶ֗יהָ לָב֨וֹא אֶל הַמֶּ֧לֶךְ לְהִֽתְחַנֶּן ל֛וֹ וּלְבַקֵּ֥שׁ מִלְּפָנָ֖יו עַל עַמָּֽהּ

Also he gave him the copy of the writing of the decree that was given at Shushan to destroy them, to shew to Esther, and to declare to her, and to charge her that she should go in to the king, to make supplication to him, and to make request before him for her people.

Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Infinitive construct — purpose, result, or complement. Lead predicate is 'your being destroyed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
וְאֶתand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
פַּתְשֶׁ֣גֶןcopyN c · פַּרְשֶׁגֶן (H6572)Construct chain (genitival)פַּרְשֶׁגֶן (H6572) 'copy'.
כְּתָֽבandN c · כָּתָב (H3791)Construct chain (genitival)כָּתָב (H3791) 'and'.
הַ֠דָּתlaw / decreeart + N com f sg abs · דָּת (H1881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּת (H1881) 'law / decree'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
נִתַּ֨ןis givingN · נָתַן (H5414)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֤ןinprep + N proper · שׁוּשַׁן (H7800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוּשַׁן (H7800) 'in'.
לְהַשְׁמִידָם֙your being destroyedprep + Hiphil inf constr + sfx 3mp · שָׁמַד (H8045)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁמַד (H8045) 'your being destroyed'.
נָ֣תַןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
ל֔וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
לְהַרְא֥וֹתto showprep + Hiphil inf constr · רָאָה (H7200)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָאָה (H7200) 'to show'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֶסְתֵּ֖רEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
וּלְהַגִּ֣ידand it was toldconj וְ + prep + Hiphil inf constr · נָגַד (H5046)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לָ֑הּto herprep + sfx 3fsParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to her'.
וּלְצַוּ֣וֹתcommandedconj וְ + prep + Piel inf constr · צִוָּה (H6680)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
עָלֶ֗יהָon itprep + sfx 3fs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
לָב֨וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֧לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לְהִֽתְחַנֶּןpity meprep + Hithpael inf constr · חָנַן (H2603)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementחָנַן (H2603) 'pity me'.
ל֛וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וּלְבַקֵּ֥שׁseekingconj וְ + prep + Piel inf constr · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'seeking'.
מִלְּפָנָ֖יוbeforeprep + prep + N com c pl constr + sfx 3ms · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עַמָּֽהּher peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'her people'.
9

וַיָּב֖וֹא הֲתָ֑ךְ וַיַּגֵּ֣ד לְאֶסְתֵּ֔ר אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֥י מָרְדֳּכָֽי

And Hatach came and told Esther the words of Mordecai.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and came'.
Word-by-word analysis· 7 words
וַיָּב֖וֹאand cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and came'.
הֲתָ֑ךְHatachN · הֲתָךְ (H2047)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲתָךְ (H2047) 'Hatach'.
וַיַּגֵּ֣דand it was toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
לְאֶסְתֵּ֔רtoprep + N proper · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'to'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דִּבְרֵ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
מָרְדֳּכָֽיMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
10

וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֶסְתֵּר֙ לַהֲתָ֔ךְ וַתְּצַוֵּ֖הוּ אֶֽל מָרְדֳּכָֽי

Again Esther spake to Hatach, and gave him commandment to Mordecai;

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וַתֹּ֤אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
אֶסְתֵּר֙EstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
לַהֲתָ֔ךְtoprep + N proper · הֲתָךְ (H2047)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הֲתָךְ (H2047) 'to'.
וַתְּצַוֵּ֖הוּcommandedconj וְ + Piel wayyiqtol 3fs + sfx 3ms · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מָרְדֳּכָֽיMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
11

כָּל עַבְדֵ֣י הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ וְעַם מְדִינ֨וֹת הַמֶּ֜לֶךְ יֽוֹדְעִ֗ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר כָּל אִ֣ישׁ וְאִשָּׁ֡ה אֲשֶׁ֣ר יָבֽוֹא אֶל הַמֶּלֶךְ֩ אֶל הֶחָצֵ֨ר הַפְּנִימִ֜ית אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא יִקָּרֵ֗א אַחַ֤ת דָּתוֹ֙ לְהָמִ֔ית לְ֠בַד מֵאֲשֶׁ֨ר יֽוֹשִׁיט ל֥וֹ הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ אֶת שַׁרְבִ֥יט הַזָּהָ֖ב וְחָיָ֑ה וַאֲנִ֗י לֹ֤א נִקְרֵ֨אתי֙ לָב֣וֹא אֶל הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ זֶ֖ה שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥ים יֽוֹם

All the king's servants, and the people of the king's provinces, do know, that whosoever, whether man or woman, shall come to the king into the inner court, who is not called, one law of his to put to death, except such to whom the king shall hold out the golden sceptre, that he may live: but I have not been called to come in to the king these thirty days.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'I know'.
Word-by-word analysis· 42 words
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
עַבְדֵ֣יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
הַמֶּ֡לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְעַםthe peopleconj וְ + N com m sg constr · עַם (H5971)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַם (H5971) 'the people'.
מְדִינ֨וֹת(× every) provinceN c · מְדִינָה (H4082)Construct chain (genitival)מְדִינָה (H4082) '(× every) province'.
הַמֶּ֜לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
יֽוֹדְעִ֗יםI knowQal ptc mp · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
וְאִשָּׁ֡הand a womanconj וְ + N com f sg abs · אִשָּׁה (H802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'and a woman'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יָבֽוֹאhe may comeQal impf 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'he may come'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּלֶךְ֩the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הֶחָצֵ֨רthe courtart + N com c sg abs · חָצֵר (H2691)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָצֵר (H2691) 'the court'.
הַפְּנִימִ֜ית(with-) in(-nerart + Adj · פְּנִימִי (H6442)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּנִימִי (H6442) '(with-) in(-ner'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יִקָּרֵ֗אshall be calledN · קָרָא (H7121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרָא (H7121) 'shall be called'.
אַחַ֤תoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
דָּתוֹ֙law / decreeN c · דָּת (H1881)Construct chain (genitival)דָּת (H1881) 'law / decree'.
לְהָמִ֔יתto killprep + Hiphil inf constr · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמוּת (H4191) 'to kill'.
לְ֠בַדbesidesprep + N com m sg abs · בַּד (H905)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּד (H905) 'besides'.
מֵאֲשֶׁ֨רfrom that which isprep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'from that which is'.
יֽוֹשִׁיטhold outHiphil impf 3ms · יָשַׁט (H3447)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁט (H3447) 'hold out'.
ל֥וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
שַׁרְבִ֥יטsceptreN c · שַׁרְבִיט (H8275)Construct chain (genitival)שַׁרְבִיט (H8275) 'sceptre'.
הַזָּהָ֖בthe goldart + N com m sg abs · זָהָב (H2091)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זָהָב (H2091) 'the gold'.
וְחָיָ֑הthen she shall liveconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · חָיָה (H2421)Particle or relational elementחָיָה (H2421) 'then she shall live'.
וַאֲנִ֗יand Iconj וְ + pron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'and I'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
נִקְרֵ֨אתי֙and he calledN · קָרָא (H7121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָרָא (H7121) 'and he called'.
לָב֣וֹאto enterprep + Qal inf constr · בּוֹא (H935)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבּוֹא (H935) 'to enter'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
זֶ֖הthisdem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
שְׁלוֹשִׁ֥יםthirtyAdj · שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁלֹשִׁים (H7970) 'thirty'.
יֽוֹםdayN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'day'.
12

וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּ לְמָרְדֳּכָ֔י אֵ֖ת דִּבְרֵ֥י אֶסְתֵּֽר

And they told to Mordecai Esther's words.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַיַּגִּ֣ידוּand toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3mp · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and told'.
לְמָרְדֳּכָ֔יtoprep + N proper · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'to'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
דִּבְרֵ֥יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
אֶסְתֵּֽרEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
13

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר מָרְדֳּכַ֖י לְהָשִׁ֣יב אֶל אֶסְתֵּ֑ר אַל תְּדַמִּ֣י בְנַפְשֵׁ֔ךְ לְהִמָּלֵ֥ט בֵּית הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ מִכָּל הַיְּהוּדִֽים

Then Mordecai commanded to answer Esther, Think not with thyself that you shall escape in the king's house, more than all the Jews.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּ֥אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
מָרְדֳּכַ֖יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
לְהָשִׁ֣יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֶסְתֵּ֑רEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תְּדַמִּ֣יI plannedPiel jussive 2fs · דָּמָה (H1819)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalדָּמָה (H1819) 'I planned'.
בְנַפְשֵׁ֔ךְmy soulprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 2fs · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
לְהִמָּלֵ֥טto escapeprep + Niphal inf constr · מָלַט (H4422)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementמָלַט (H4422) 'to escape'.
בֵּיתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
מִכָּלfrom allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'from all'.
הַיְּהוּדִֽיםJewart + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
14

כִּ֣י אִם הַחֲרֵ֣שׁ תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮ בָּעֵ֣ת הַזֹּאת֒ רֶ֣וַח וְהַצָּלָ֞ה יַעֲמ֤וֹד לַיְּהוּדִים֙ מִמָּק֣וֹם אַחֵ֔ר וְאַ֥תְּ וּבֵית אָבִ֖יךְ תֹּאבֵ֑דוּ וּמִ֣י יוֹדֵ֔עַ אִם לְעֵ֣ת כָּזֹ֔את הִגַּ֖עַתְּ לַמַּלְכֽוּת

For if you altogether holdest your peace at this time, shall there enlargement and deliverance arise to the Jews from another place; but you and your father's house shall be destroyed: and who knoweth whether you are come to the kingdom for a time as this?

Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Infinitive absolute — emphasis or attendant action. Lead predicate is 'indeed'.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
הַחֲרֵ֣שׁindeedHiphil inf abs · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'indeed'.
תַּחֲרִישִׁי֮and is silentHiphil impf 2fs · חָרַשׁ (H2790)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalחָרַשׁ (H2790) 'and is silent'.
בָּעֵ֣תat the timeprep + art + N com c sg abs · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time'.
הַזֹּאת֒thisart + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
רֶ֣וַחand a spaceN c · רֶוַח (H7305)Construct chain (genitival)רֶוַח (H7305) 'and a space'.
וְהַצָּלָ֞הandconj וְ + N com f sg abs · הַצָּלָה (H2020)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַצָּלָה (H2020) 'and'.
יַעֲמ֤וֹדstandingQal impf 3ms · עָמַד (H5975)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָמַד (H5975) 'standing'.
לַיְּהוּדִים֙Jewprep + art + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
מִמָּק֣וֹםthe placeprep + N com m sg abs · מָקוֹם (H4725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מָקוֹם (H4725) 'the place'.
אַחֵ֔רanotherAdj · אַחֵר (H312)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַחֵר (H312) 'another'.
וְאַ֥תְּand youconj וְ + pron 2fs · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'and you'.
וּבֵיתand the house ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'and the house of'.
אָבִ֖יךְyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
תֹּאבֵ֑דוּyou shall destroyQal impf 2mp · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalאָבַד (H6) 'you shall destroy'.
וּמִ֣יand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
יוֹדֵ֔עַshall it be knownQal ptc ms · יָדַע (H3045)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָדַע (H3045) 'shall it be known'.
אִםifconj וְ · אִם (H518)Particle or relational elementאִם (H518) 'if'.
לְעֵ֣תat the time ofprep + N com c sg abs · עֵת (H6256)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֵת (H6256) 'at the time of'.
כָּזֹ֔אתas followsprep + dem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'as follows'.
הִגַּ֖עַתְּtouchesHiphil perf 2fs · נָגַע (H5060)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָגַע (H5060) 'touches'.
לַמַּלְכֽוּתhis kingdomprep + art + N com f sg abs · מַלְכוּת (H4438)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַלְכוּת (H4438) 'his kingdom'.
15

וַתֹּ֥אמֶר אֶסְתֵּ֖ר לְהָשִׁ֥יב אֶֽל מָרְדֳּכָֽי

Then Esther bade return Mordecai ,

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and she said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 5 words
וַתֹּ֥אמֶרand she saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3fs · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and she said'.
אֶסְתֵּ֖רEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.
לְהָשִׁ֥יבto receiveprep + Hiphil inf constr · שׁוּב (H7725)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשׁוּב (H7725) 'to receive'.
אֶֽלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מָרְדֳּכָֽיMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
16

לֵךְ֩ כְּנ֨וֹס אֶת כָּל הַיְּהוּדִ֜ים הַֽנִּמְצְאִ֣ים בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ן וְצ֣וּמוּ עָ֠לַי וְאַל תֹּאכְל֨וּ וְאַל תִּשְׁתּ֜וּ שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁת יָמִים֙ לַ֣יְלָה וָי֔וֹם גַּם אֲנִ֥י וְנַעֲרֹתַ֖י אָצ֣וּם כֵּ֑ן וּבְכֵ֞ן אָב֤וֹא אֶל הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹֽא כַדָּ֔ת וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥ר אָבַ֖דְתִּי אָבָֽדְתִּי

Go, gather together all the Jews that are present in Shushan, and fast you for me, and neither eat nor drink three days, night or day: I also and my maidens will fast likewise; and so will I go in to the king, which not according to the law: and if I perish, I perish.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'go'.
Word-by-word analysis· 32 words
לֵךְ֩goQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
כְּנ֨וֹסas / likeQal impv 2ms · כָּנַס (H3664)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeכָּנַס (H3664) 'as / like'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
הַיְּהוּדִ֜יםJewart + N gentilic m pl abs · יְהוּדִי (H3064)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדִי (H3064) 'Jew'.
הַֽנִּמְצְאִ֣יםI have foundart + Niphal ptc mp · מָצָא (H4672)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorמָצָא (H4672) 'I have found'.
בְּשׁוּשָׁ֗ןinprep + N proper · שׁוּשַׁן (H7800)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוּשַׁן (H7800) 'in'.
וְצ֣וּמוּandconj וְ + Qal impv 2mp · צוּם (H6684)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeצוּם (H6684) 'and'.
עָ֠לַיagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
וְאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
תֹּאכְל֨וּyou shall eatQal jussive 2mp · אָכַל (H398)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalאָכַל (H398) 'you shall eat'.
וְאַלand do notconj וְ + neg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'and do not'.
תִּשְׁתּ֜וּto drinkQal jussive 2mp · שָׁתָה (H8354)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשָׁתָה (H8354) 'to drink'.
שְׁלֹ֤שֶׁתthreeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
יָמִים֙daysN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'days'.
לַ֣יְלָהby nightN c · לַיְלָה (H3915)Construct chain (genitival)לַיְלָה (H3915) 'by night'.
וָי֔וֹםbut the day ofconj וְ + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'but the day of'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
אֲנִ֥יIpron 1cs · אֲנִי (H589)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲנִי (H589) 'I'.
וְנַעֲרֹתַ֖יthe girlconj וְ + N com f pl constr + sfx 1cs · הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הַנַּעֲרָה (H5291) 'the girl'.
אָצ֣וּםandQal impf 1cs · צוּם (H6684)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalצוּם (H6684) 'and'.
כֵּ֑ןsoadv. · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
וּבְכֵ֞ןsoconj וְ + prep + art · כֵּן (H3651)Particle or relational elementכֵּן (H3651) 'so'.
אָב֤וֹאI will comeQal impf 1cs · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבּוֹא (H935) 'I will come'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
כַדָּ֔תlaw / decreeprep + art + N com f sg abs · דָּת (H1881)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּת (H1881) 'law / decree'.
וְכַאֲשֶׁ֥רand asconj וְ + prep + rel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'and as'.
אָבַ֖דְתִּיyour perishingQal perf 1cs · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
אָבָֽדְתִּיyour perishingQal perf 1cs · אָבַד (H6)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
17

וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖ר מָרְדֳּכָ֑י וַיַּ֕עַשׂ כְּכֹ֛ל אֲשֶׁר צִוְּתָ֥ה עָלָ֖יו אֶסְתֵּֽר

So Mordecai went his way, and did according to all that Esther had commanded him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he passed on'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וַֽיַּעֲבֹ֖רand he passed onconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָבַר (H5674)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָבַר (H5674) 'and he passed on'.
מָרְדֳּכָ֑יMordecaiN · מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מׇרְדְּכַי (H4782) 'Mordecai'.
וַיַּ֕עַשׂand he madeconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָשָׂה (H6213) 'and he made'.
כְּכֹ֛לaccording to allprep + N com m sg abs · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'according to all'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
צִוְּתָ֥הcommandedPiel perf 3fs · צִוָּה (H6680)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actצִוָּה (H6680) 'commanded'.
עָלָ֖יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
אֶסְתֵּֽרEstherN · אֶסְתֵּר (H635)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶסְתֵּר (H635) 'Esther'.