Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The Book of Amos, Chapter 1עמוס 1

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

Amos 1 (15 verses in the MT) opens: The words of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake. The middle of the chapter continues: And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon, and I will turn mine hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, says YHWH YHWH. It closes: And their king shall go into captivity, he and his princes together, says YHWH.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. Amos 1 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — The words of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw conc. The words of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake. And he said, YHWH will roar from Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the habitations of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — I will break also the bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitant from t. I will break also the bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitant from the plain of Aven, and him that holdeth the sceptre from the house of Eden: and the people of Syria shall go into captivity to Kir, says YHWH. Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they carried away captive the whole. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will. Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant: But I will send a fire on the wall of Tyrus, which shall devour the palaces thereof. Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not turn. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of the children of Ammon, and f. Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of the children of Ammon, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they have ripped up the women with child of Gilead, that they might enlarge their border: But I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah, and it shall devour the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

דִּבְרֵ֣י עָמ֔וֹס אֲשֶׁר הָיָ֥ה בַנֹּקְדִ֖ים מִתְּק֑וֹעַ אֲשֶׁר֩ חָזָ֨ה עַל יִשְׂרָאֵ֜ל בִּימֵ֣י עֻזִיָּ֣ה מֶֽלֶךְ יְהוּדָ֗ה וּבִימֵ֞י יָרָבְעָ֤ם בֶּן יוֹאָשׁ֙ מֶ֣לֶךְ יִשְׂרָאֵ֔ל שְׁנָתַ֖יִם לִפְנֵ֥י הָרָֽעַשׁ

The words of Amos, who was among the herdmen of Tekoa, which he saw concerning Israel in the days of Uzziah king of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash king of Israel, two years before the earthquake.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'was'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
דִּבְרֵ֣יthe words ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the words of'.
עָמ֔וֹסAmosN · עָמוֹס (H5986)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עָמוֹס (H5986) 'Amos'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
הָיָ֥הwasQal perf 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָיָה (H1961) 'was'.
בַנֹּקְדִ֖יםherdmanprep + art + N com m pl abs · נֹקֵד (H5349)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹקֵד (H5349) 'herdman'.
מִתְּק֑וֹעַTekoaprep + N proper · תְּקוֹעַ (H8620)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּקוֹעַ (H8620) 'Tekoa'.
אֲשֶׁר֩thatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
חָזָ֨הhe sees/beholdsQal perf 3ms · חָזָה (H2372)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָזָה (H2372) 'he sees/beholds'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֜לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
בִּימֵ֣יin the days ofprep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'in the days of'.
עֻזִיָּ֣הUzziahN · עֻזִּיָּה (H5818)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֻזִּיָּה (H5818) 'Uzziah'.
מֶֽלֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יְהוּדָ֗הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וּבִימֵ֞יon the dayconj וְ + prep + N com m pl constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
יָרָבְעָ֤םJeroboamN · יָרׇבְעָם (H3379)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָרׇבְעָם (H3379) 'Jeroboam'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יוֹאָשׁ֙JoashN · יוֹאָשׁ (H3101)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹאָשׁ (H3101) 'Joash'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
יִשְׂרָאֵ֔לIsraelN · יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשְׂרָאֵל (H3478) 'Israel'.
שְׁנָתַ֖יִםtwo yearsN c · שָׁנָה (H8141)Construct chain (genitival)שָׁנָה (H8141) 'two years'.
לִפְנֵ֥יbeforeprep + N com c pl constr · פָּנִים (H6440)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פָּנִים (H6440) 'before'.
הָרָֽעַשׁcommotionart + N com m sg abs · רַעַשׁ (H7494)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַעַשׁ (H7494) 'commotion'.
2

וַיֹּאמַ֓ר יְהוָה֙ מִצִיּ֣וֹן יִשְׁאָ֔ג וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֖ם יִתֵּ֣ן קוֹל֑וֹ וְאָֽבְלוּ֙ נְא֣וֹת הָרֹעִ֔ים וְיָבֵ֖שׁ רֹ֥אשׁ הַכַּרְמֶֽל

And he said, YHWH will roar from Zion, and utter his voice from Jerusalem; and the habitations of the shepherds shall mourn, and the top of Carmel shall wither.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential actionwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 13 words
וַיֹּאמַ֓רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
יְהוָה֙YHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
מִצִיּ֣וֹןZionprep + N proper · צִיּוֹן (H6726)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צִיּוֹן (H6726) 'Zion'.
יִשְׁאָ֔גroarQal impf 3ms · שָׁאַג (H7580)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשָׁאַג (H7580) 'roar'.
וּמִירוּשָׁלִַ֖םJerusalemconj וְ + prep + N proper · יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְרוּשָׁלִַם (H3389) 'Jerusalem'.
יִתֵּ֣ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
קוֹל֑וֹits soundN c · קוֹל (H6963)Construct chain (genitival)קוֹל (H6963) 'its sound'.
וְאָֽבְלוּ֙and they mournedconj וְ + Qal perf 3cp · אָבַל (H56)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבַל (H56) 'and they mourned'.
נְא֣וֹתhabitationN c · נָאָה (H4999)Construct chain (genitival)נָאָה (H4999) 'habitation'.
הָרֹעִ֔יםthe shepherdsart + Qal ptc mp · רָעָה (H7462)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרָעָה (H7462) 'the shepherds'.
וְיָבֵ֖שׁwas dryconj וְ + Qal perf 3ms · יָבֵשׁ (H3001)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָבֵשׁ (H3001) 'was dry'.
רֹ֥אשׁthe head ofN c · רֹאשׁ (H7218)Construct chain (genitival)רֹאשׁ (H7218) 'the head of'.
הַכַּרְמֶֽלin Carmelart + N proper · כַּרְמֶל (H3760)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כַּרְמֶל (H3760) 'in Carmel'.
3

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י דַמֶּ֔שֶׂק וְעַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל דּוּשָׁ֛ם בַּחֲרֻצ֥וֹת הַבַּרְזֶ֖ל אֶת הַגִּלְעָֽד

Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they have threshed Gilead with threshing instruments of iron:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
פִּשְׁעֵ֣יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
דַמֶּ֔שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
דּוּשָׁ֛םwhile it threshesQal inf constr + sfx 3mp · דּוּשׁ (H1758)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementדּוּשׁ (H1758) 'while it threshes'.
בַּחֲרֻצ֥וֹתinprep + N com m pl constr · חֲרוּץ (H2742)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲרוּץ (H2742) 'in'.
הַבַּרְזֶ֖לthe ironart + N com m sg abs · בַּרְזֶל (H1270)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּרְזֶל (H1270) 'the iron'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַגִּלְעָֽדGileadart + N proper · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
4

וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּבֵ֣ית חֲזָאֵ֑ל וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנ֥וֹת בֶּן הֲדָֽד

But I will send a fire into the house of Hazael, which shall devour the palaces of Benhadad.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּיand I will sendconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Particle or relational elementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I will send'.
אֵ֖שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּבֵ֣יתin the houseprep + N com m sg constr · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in the house'.
חֲזָאֵ֑לHazaelN · חֲזָאֵל (H2371)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲזָאֵל (H2371) 'Hazael'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנ֥וֹתcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
בֶּןBenhadadN · בֶּן־הֲדַד (H1130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־הֲדַד (H1130) 'Benhadad'.
הֲדָֽדBenhadadN · בֶּן־הֲדַד (H1130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֶּן־הֲדַד (H1130) 'Benhadad'.
5

וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי֙ בְּרִ֣יחַ דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂק וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י יוֹשֵׁב֙ מִבִּקְעַת אָ֔וֶן וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְ שֵׁ֖בֶט מִבֵּ֣ית עֶ֑דֶן וְגָל֧וּ עַם אֲרָ֛ם קִ֖ירָה אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה

I will break also the bar of Damascus, and cut off the inhabitant from the plain of Aven, and him that holdeth the sceptre from the house of Eden: and the people of Syria shall go into captivity to Kir, says YHWH.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'dwelling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וְשָֽׁבַרְתִּי֙and I will breakconj וְ + Qal q 1cs · שָׁבַר (H7665)Particle or relational elementשָׁבַר (H7665) 'and I will break'.
בְּרִ֣יחַbarsN c · בְּרִיחַ (H1280)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִיחַ (H1280) 'bars'.
דַּמֶּ֔שֶׂקDamascusN · דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דַּמֶּשֶׂק (H1834) 'Damascus'.
וְהִכְרַתִּ֤יand I will cut offconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · כָּרַת (H3772)Particle or relational elementכָּרַת (H3772) 'and I will cut off'.
יוֹשֵׁב֙dwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
מִבִּקְעַתthe valley ofprep + N proper · בִּקְעָה (H1237)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בִּקְעָה (H1237) 'the valley of'.
אָ֔וֶןAven. See alsoN · אָוֶן (H206)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָוֶן (H206) 'Aven. See also'.
וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְheld upconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · תָּמַךְ (H8551)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּמַךְ (H8551) 'held up'.
שֵׁ֖בֶטthe tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
מִבֵּ֣יתfrom the house ofprep + N proper · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'from the house of'.
עֶ֑דֶןdelightN · עֶדְנָה (H5730)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶדְנָה (H5730) 'delight'.
וְגָל֧וּshall you uncoverconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · גָּלָה (H1540)Particle or relational elementגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
עַםa peopleN c · עַם (H5971)Construct chain (genitival)עַם (H5971) 'a people'.
אֲרָ֛םAramN · אֲרָם (H758)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲרָם (H758) 'Aram'.
קִ֖ירָהKir. CompareN · קִיר (H7024)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קִיר (H7024) 'Kir. Compare'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
6

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י עַזָּ֔ה וְעַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל הַגְלוֹתָ֛ם גָּל֥וּת שְׁלֵמָ֖ה לְהַסְגִּ֥יר לֶאֱדֽוֹם

Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they carried away captive the whole captivity, to deliver up to Edom:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
פִּשְׁעֵ֣יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
עַזָּ֔הGazaN · עַזָּה (H5804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזָּה (H5804) 'Gaza'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַגְלוֹתָ֛םshall you uncoverHiphil inf constr + sfx 3mp · גָּלָה (H1540)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
גָּל֥וּתtoN c · גָּלוּת (H1546)Construct chain (genitival)גָּלוּת (H1546) 'to'.
שְׁלֵמָ֖הwhole [perfect]Adj · שָׁלֵם (H8003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלֵם (H8003) 'whole [perfect]'.
לְהַסְגִּ֥ירhas shutprep + Hiphil inf constr · סָגַר (H5462)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָגַר (H5462) 'has shut'.
לֶאֱדֽוֹםEdomprep + N proper · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
7

וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּחוֹמַ֣ת עַזָּ֑ה וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ

But I will send a fire on the wall of Gaza, which shall devour the palaces thereof:

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּיand I will sendconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Particle or relational elementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I will send'.
אֵ֖שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּחוֹמַ֣תa wallprep + N com f sg constr · חוֹמָה (H2346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'a wall'.
עַזָּ֑הGazaN · עַזָּה (H5804)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַזָּה (H5804) 'Gaza'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
8

וְהִכְרַתִּ֤י יוֹשֵׁב֙ מֵֽאַשְׁדּ֔וֹד וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְ שֵׁ֖בֶט מֵֽאַשְׁקְל֑וֹן וַהֲשִׁיב֨וֹתִי יָדִ֜י עַל עֶקְר֗וֹן וְאָֽבְדוּ֙ שְׁאֵרִ֣ית פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔ים אָמַ֖ר אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִֽה

And I will cut off the inhabitant from Ashdod, and him that holdeth the sceptre from Ashkelon, and I will turn mine hand against Ekron: and the remnant of the Philistines shall perish, says YHWH YHWH.

Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actorwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Participle — attendant circumstance or substantival actor. Lead predicate is 'dwelling'.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
וְהִכְרַתִּ֤יand I will cut offconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · כָּרַת (H3772)Particle or relational elementכָּרַת (H3772) 'and I will cut off'.
יוֹשֵׁב֙dwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
מֵֽאַשְׁדּ֔וֹדAshdodprep + N proper · אַשְׁדּוֹד (H795)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשְׁדּוֹד (H795) 'Ashdod'.
וְתוֹמֵ֥ךְheld upconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · תָּמַךְ (H8551)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorתָּמַךְ (H8551) 'held up'.
שֵׁ֖בֶטthe tribe ofN c · שֵׁבֶט (H7626)Construct chain (genitival)שֵׁבֶט (H7626) 'the tribe of'.
מֵֽאַשְׁקְל֑וֹןAshkelonprep + N proper · אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַשְׁקְלוֹן (H831) 'Ashkelon'.
וַהֲשִׁיב֨וֹתִיand he returnedconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · שׁוּב (H7725)Particle or relational elementשׁוּב (H7725) 'and he returned'.
יָדִ֜יmy handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'my hand'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עֶקְר֗וֹןEkronN · עֶקְרוֹן (H6138)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶקְרוֹן (H6138) 'Ekron'.
וְאָֽבְדוּ֙your perishingconj וְ + Qal q 3cp · אָבַד (H6)Particle or relational elementאָבַד (H6) 'your perishing'.
שְׁאֵרִ֣יתa remnantN c · שְׁאֵרִית (H7611)Construct chain (genitival)שְׁאֵרִית (H7611) 'a remnant'.
פְּלִשְׁתִּ֔יםthe PhilistinesN · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
אָמַ֖רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
אֲדֹנָ֥יmy LordN c · אֲדֹנָי (H136)Construct chain (genitival)אֲדֹנָי (H136) 'my Lord'.
יְהוִֽהYHWHN · יְהוִה (H3069)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוִה (H3069) 'YHWH'.
9

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵי צֹ֔ר וְעַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַֽל הַסְגִּירָ֞ם גָּל֤וּת שְׁלֵמָה֙ לֶאֱד֔וֹם וְלֹ֥א זָכְר֖וּ בְּרִ֥ית אַחִֽים

Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Tyrus, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they delivered up the whole captivity to Edom, and remembered not the brotherly covenant:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
פִּשְׁעֵיmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
צֹ֔רTyreN · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
עַֽלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
הַסְגִּירָ֞םhad given them upHiphil inf constr + sfx 3mp · סָגַר (H5462)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementסָגַר (H5462) 'had given them up'.
גָּל֤וּתtoN c · גָּלוּת (H1546)Construct chain (genitival)גָּלוּת (H1546) 'to'.
שְׁלֵמָה֙whole [perfect]Adj · שָׁלֵם (H8003)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלֵם (H8003) 'whole [perfect]'.
לֶאֱד֔וֹםEdomprep + N proper · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
זָכְר֖וּand you shall rememberQal perf 3cp · זָכַר (H2142)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actזָכַר (H2142) 'and you shall remember'.
בְּרִ֥יתthe covenant ofN c · בְּרִית (H1285)Construct chain (genitival)בְּרִית (H1285) 'the covenant of'.
אַחִֽיםbrothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'brothers'.
10

וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּח֣וֹמַת צֹ֑ר וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָ

But I will send a fire on the wall of Tyrus, which shall devour the palaces thereof.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּיand I will sendconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Particle or relational elementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I will send'.
אֵ֖שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּח֣וֹמַתa wallprep + N com f sg constr · חוֹמָה (H2346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'a wall'.
צֹ֑רTyreN · צֹר (H6865)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֹר (H6865) 'Tyre'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנֹתֶֽיהָcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
11

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י אֱד֔וֹם וְעַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל רָדְפ֨וֹ בַחֶ֤רֶב אָחִיו֙ וְשִׁחֵ֣ת רַחֲמָ֔יו וַיִּטְרֹ֤ף לָעַד֙ אַפּ֔וֹ וְעֶבְרָת֖וֹ שְׁמָ֥רָה נֶֽצַח

Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because he did pursue his brother with the sword, and did cast off all pity, and his anger did tear perpetually, and he kept his wrath for ever:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 23 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
פִּשְׁעֵ֣יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
אֱד֔וֹםEdomN · אֱדוֹם (H123)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱדוֹם (H123) 'Edom'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
רָדְפ֨וֹpursueQal inf constr + sfx 3ms · רָדַף (H7291)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָדַף (H7291) 'pursue'.
בַחֶ֤רֶבwith the swordprep + art + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'with the sword'.
אָחִיו֙his brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
וְשִׁחֵ֣תhe wasted itconj וְ + Piel perf 3ms · שָׁחַת (H7843)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁחַת (H7843) 'he wasted it'.
רַחֲמָ֔יוhis compassionsN c · רַחֲמִים (H7356)Construct chain (genitival)רַחֲמִים (H7356) 'his compassions'.
וַיִּטְרֹ֤ףis torn/mauledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · טָרַף (H2963)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceטָרַף (H2963) 'is torn/mauled'.
לָעַד֙foreverprep + N com m sg abs · עַד (H5703)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַד (H5703) 'forever'.
אַפּ֔וֹhis angerN c · אַף (H639)Construct chain (genitival)אַף (H639) 'his anger'.
וְעֶבְרָת֖וֹand their wrathconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֶבְרָה (H5678)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבְרָה (H5678) 'and their wrath'.
שְׁמָ֥רָהand you shall keepQal perf 3ms + sfx 3fs · שָׁמַר (H8104)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actשָׁמַר (H8104) 'and you shall keep'.
נֶֽצַחalwayN c · נֶצַח (H5331)Construct chain (genitival)נֶצַח (H5331) 'alway'.
12

וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּי אֵ֖שׁ בְּתֵימָ֑ן וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנ֥וֹת בָּצְרָֽה

But I will send a fire upon Teman, which shall devour the palaces of Bozrah.

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 6 words
וְשִׁלַּ֥חְתִּיand I will sendconj וְ + Piel q 1cs · שָׁלַח (H7971)Particle or relational elementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and I will send'.
אֵ֖שׁfireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּתֵימָ֑ןTemanprep + N proper · תֵּימָן (H8487)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תֵּימָן (H8487) 'Teman'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנ֥וֹתcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
בָּצְרָֽהfrom BozrahN · בָּצְרָה (H1224)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בָּצְרָה (H1224) 'from Bozrah'.
13

כֹּ֚ה אָמַ֣ר יְהוָ֔ה עַל שְׁלֹשָׁה֙ פִּשְׁעֵ֣י בְנֵֽי עַמּ֔וֹן וְעַל אַרְבָּעָ֖ה לֹ֣א אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּ עַל בִּקְעָם֙ הָר֣וֹת הַגִּלְעָ֔ד לְמַ֖עַן הַרְחִ֥יב אֶת גְּבוּלָֽם

Thus says YHWH; For three transgressions of the children of Ammon, and for four, I will not turn away thereof; because they have ripped up the women with child of Gilead, that they might enlarge their border:

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
כֹּ֚הthusart · כֹּה (H3541)Particle or relational elementכֹּה (H3541) 'thus'.
אָמַ֣רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָ֔הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
שְׁלֹשָׁה֙threeAdj · שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁלוֹשׁ (H7969) 'three'.
פִּשְׁעֵ֣יmy transgressionN c · פֶשַע (H6588)Construct chain (genitival)פֶשַע (H6588) 'my transgression'.
בְנֵֽיthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
עַמּ֔וֹןAmmonN · עַמּוֹן (H5983)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עַמּוֹן (H5983) 'Ammon'.
וְעַלand onconj וְ + prep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'and on'.
אַרְבָּעָ֖הfourAdj · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
לֹ֣אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
אֲשִׁיבֶ֑נּוּwill bring him backHiphil impf 1cs + sfx 3ms · שׁוּב (H7725)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשׁוּב (H7725) 'will bring him back'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
בִּקְעָם֙and were dividedQal inf constr + sfx 3mp · בָּקַע (H1234)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementבָּקַע (H1234) 'and were divided'.
הָר֣וֹתpregnantAdj · הָרֶה (H2030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הָרֶה (H2030) 'pregnant'.
הַגִּלְעָ֔דGileadart + N proper · גִּלְעָד (H1568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּלְעָד (H1568) 'Gilead'.
לְמַ֖עַןso thatprep · לְמַעַן (H4616)Particle or relational elementלְמַעַן (H4616) 'so that'.
הַרְחִ֥יבhas made roomHiphil inf constr · רָחַב (H7337)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementרָחַב (H7337) 'has made room'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
גְּבוּלָֽםtheir borderN c · גְּבוּל (H1366)Construct chain (genitival)גְּבוּל (H1366) 'their border'.
14

וְהִצַּ֤תִּי אֵשׁ֙ בְּחוֹמַ֣ת רַבָּ֔ה וְאָכְלָ֖ה אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֑יהָ בִּתְרוּעָה֙ בְּי֣וֹם מִלְחָמָ֔ה בְּסַ֖עַר בְּי֥וֹם סוּפָֽה

But I will kindle a fire in the wall of Rabbah, and it shall devour the palaces thereof, with shouting in the day of battle, with a tempest in the day of the whirlwind:

Linked non-verbal clausewə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Linked non-verbal clause.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וְהִצַּ֤תִּיand they set on fireconj וְ + Hiphil q 1cs · יָצַת (H3341)Particle or relational elementיָצַת (H3341) 'and they set on fire'.
אֵשׁ֙fireN c · אֵשׁ (H784)Construct chain (genitival)אֵשׁ (H784) 'fire'.
בְּחוֹמַ֣תa wallprep + N com f sg constr · חוֹמָה (H2346)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חוֹמָה (H2346) 'a wall'.
רַבָּ֔הRabbahN · רַבָּה (H7237)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רַבָּה (H7237) 'Rabbah'.
וְאָכְלָ֖הso I may eatconj וְ + Qal q 3fs · אָכַל (H398)Particle or relational elementאָכַל (H398) 'so I may eat'.
אַרְמְנוֹתֶ֑יהָcastleN c · אַרְמוֹן (H759)Construct chain (genitival)אַרְמוֹן (H759) 'castle'.
בִּתְרוּעָה֙an alarm-blastprep + N com f sg abs · תְּרוּעָה (H8643)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)תְּרוּעָה (H8643) 'an alarm-blast'.
בְּי֣וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
מִלְחָמָ֔הwarN c · מִלְחָמָה (H4421)Construct chain (genitival)מִלְחָמָה (H4421) 'war'.
בְּסַ֖עַרinprep + N com m sg abs · סַעַר (H5591)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)סַעַר (H5591) 'in'.
בְּי֥וֹםon the dayprep + N com m sg constr · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
סוּפָֽהin SuphahN c · סוּפָה (H5492)Construct chain (genitival)סוּפָה (H5492) 'in Suphah'.
15

וְהָלַ֥ךְ מַלְכָּ֖ם בַּגּוֹלָ֑ה ה֧וּא וְשָׂרָ֛יו יַחְדָּ֖ו אָמַ֥ר יְהוָֽה

And their king shall go into captivity, he and his princes together, says YHWH.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationwə
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'he said'. Closes the chapter. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 8 words
וְהָלַ֥ךְand it wentconj וְ + Qal q 3ms · הָלַךְ (H1980)Particle or relational elementהָלַךְ (H1980) 'and it went'.
מַלְכָּ֖םking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
בַּגּוֹלָ֑הcaptiveprep + art + N com f sg abs · גּוֹלָה (H1473)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גּוֹלָה (H1473) 'captive'.
ה֧וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְשָׂרָ֛יוchief ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'chief of'.
יַחְדָּ֖וtogetherart · יַחְדָּו (H3162)Particle or relational elementיַחְדָּו (H3162) 'together'.
אָמַ֥רhe saidQal perf 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָמַר (H559) 'he said'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.