Hebrew Text · Translation · Interlinear · Discourse Structure

The First Book of Samuel, Chapter 22שמואל א 22

Each verse opens with the running Hebrew, an English translation, and a discourse note (its connective, relation, and role in the argument). Below follows the word-by-word breakdown in six tiers: gloss, case/state or parsing, syntax, semantic force, and a lexical note.

Case Nominative Genitive Dative Accusative Vocative Verb (no case) Indeclinable

Discourse notes head each verse: relation · connective · clause-flow. Indentation marks prominence — flush-left = main line of argument; indented = supporting / subordinate material.

Theme

1 Samuel 22 (23 verses in the MT) opens: David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard , they went down thither to him. The middle of the chapter continues: And Saul said, Hear now, you son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I , my lord. It closes: Abide you with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh your life: but with me you in safeguard.

Translation & textual notes

The Hebrew base text here follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition as represented by the Westminster Leningrad Codex / MorphHB diplomatic stream imported from OSHB; distinctively copyrighted apparatus from BHS or BHQ is not reproduced. 1 Samuel 22 comprises 23 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and wh. David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard , they went down thither to him. And every one in distress, and every one that in debt, and every one discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men. And David. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that with him, (n. When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants standing about him;) Then Saul said to his servants that stood about him, Hear now, you Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, make you all captains. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and. Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that in Nob: and they came all of them to the king. And Saul said, Hear now, you son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I , my lord. And Saul said to him, Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread, and. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — And the king said, You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your fa. And the king said, You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your father's house. And the king said to the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of YHWH; because their hand also with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the. Movement V (vv. 21-23) — And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain YHWH's priests. And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain YHWH's priests. And David said to Abiathar, I knew that day, when Doeg the Edomite there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned of all the persons of your father's house. Abide you with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh your life: but with me you in safeguard. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

1

וַיֵּ֤לֶךְ דָּוִד֙ מִשָּׁ֔ם וַיִּמָּלֵ֖ט אֶל מְעָרַ֣ת עֲדֻלָּ֑ם וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּ אֶחָיו֙ וְכָל בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔יו וַיֵּרְד֥וּ אֵלָ֖יו שָֽׁמָּה

David therefore departed thence, and escaped to the cave Adullam: and when his brethren and all his father's house heard , they went down thither to him.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'. Opens the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 15 words
וַיֵּ֤לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִד֙DavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מִשָּׁ֔םfrom thereprep + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'from there'.
וַיִּמָּלֵ֖טand he escapedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלַט (H4422)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלַט (H4422) 'and he escaped'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מְעָרַ֣תthe cave ofN c · מְעָרָה (H4631)Construct chain (genitival)מְעָרָה (H4631) 'the cave of'.
עֲדֻלָּ֑םAdullamN · עֲדֻלָּם (H5725)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֲדֻלָּם (H5725) 'Adullam'.
וַיִּשְׁמְע֤וּand they heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and they heard'.
אֶחָיו֙his brothersN c · אָח (H251)Construct chain (genitival)אָח (H251) 'his brothers'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֔יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
וַיֵּרְד֥וּand they went downconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָרַד (H3381)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָרַד (H3381) 'and they went down'.
אֵלָ֖יוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
שָֽׁמָּהthereart + Sd · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
2

וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּ אֵ֠לָיו כָּל אִ֨ישׁ מָצ֜וֹק וְכָל אִ֨ישׁ אֲשֶׁר ל֤וֹ נֹשֶׁא֙ וְכָל אִ֣ישׁ מַר נֶ֔פֶשׁ וַיְהִ֥י עֲלֵיהֶ֖ם לְשָׂ֑ר וַיִּהְי֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כְּאַרְבַּ֥ע מֵא֖וֹת אִֽישׁ

And every one in distress, and every one that in debt, and every one discontented, gathered themselves to him; and he became a captain over them: and there were with him about four hundred men.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and they gathered themselves together'.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיִּֽתְקַבְּצ֣וּand they gathered themselves togetherconj וְ + Hithpael wayyiqtol 3mp · קָבַץ (H6908)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceקָבַץ (H6908) 'and they gathered themselves together'.
אֵ֠לָיוto himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מָצ֜וֹקand distressN c · מָצוֹק (H4689)Construct chain (genitival)מָצוֹק (H4689) 'and distress'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אִ֨ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
ל֤וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
נֹשֶׁא֙debtQal ptc ms · נָשָׁא (H5378)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׁא (H5378) 'debt'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
אִ֣ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
מַרof bitternessAdj · מַר (H4751)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מַר (H4751) 'of bitterness'.
נֶ֔פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
וַיְהִ֥יand it happenedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and it happened'.
עֲלֵיהֶ֖םupon themprep + sfx 3mp · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'upon them'.
לְשָׂ֑רto chief ofprep + N com m sg abs · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'to chief of'.
וַיִּהְי֣וּand they wereconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · הָיָה (H1961)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָיָה (H1961) 'and they were'.
עִמּ֔וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
כְּאַרְבַּ֥עfourprep + Adj c · אַרְבַּע (H702)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַרְבַּע (H702) 'four'.
מֵא֖וֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
אִֽישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
3

וַיֵּ֧לֶךְ דָּוִ֛ד מִשָּׁ֖ם מִצְפֵּ֣ה מוֹאָ֑ב וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֶל מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֗ב יֵֽצֵא נָ֞א אָבִ֤י וְאִמִּי֙ אִתְּכֶ֔ם עַ֚ד אֲשֶׁ֣ר אֵדַ֔ע מַה יַּֽעֲשֶׂה לִּ֖י אֱלֹהִֽים

And David went thence to Mizpeh of Moab: and he said to the king of Moab, Let my father and my mother, I pray you, come forth, with you, till I know what God will do for me.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he went'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֵּ֧לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֛דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
מִשָּׁ֖םfrom thereprep + art · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'from there'.
מִצְפֵּ֣הMizpehN · מִצְפֶּה (H4708)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מִצְפֶּה (H4708) 'Mizpeh'.
מוֹאָ֑בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֗בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
יֵֽצֵאone going out (to)Qal jussive 3ms · יָצָא (H3318)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָצָא (H3318) 'one going out (to)'.
נָ֞אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
אָבִ֤יmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
וְאִמִּי֙his motherconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 1cs · אֵם (H517)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵם (H517) 'his mother'.
אִתְּכֶ֔םwith youprep + sfx 2mp · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with you'.
עַ֚דuntilprep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'until'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אֵדַ֔עshall I knowQal impf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָדַע (H3045) 'shall I know'.
מַהwhatinterrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'what'.
יַּֽעֲשֶׂהhe shall doQal impf 3ms · עָשָׂה (H6213)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalעָשָׂה (H6213) 'he shall do'.
לִּ֖יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אֱלֹהִֽיםGodN c · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Construct chain (genitival)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'God'.
4

וַיַּנְחֵ֕ם אֶת פְּנֵ֖י מֶ֣לֶךְ מוֹאָ֑ב וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּ עִמּ֔וֹ כָּל יְמֵ֥י הֱיוֹת דָּוִ֖ד בַּמְּצוּדָֽה

And he brought them before the king of Moab: and they dwelt with him all the while that David was in the hold.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'led him'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיַּנְחֵ֕םled himconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms + sfx 3mp · נָחָה (H5148)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָחָה (H5148) 'led him'.
אֶתwithprep · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with'.
פְּנֵ֖יthe face ofN c · פָּנִים (H6440)Construct chain (genitival)פָּנִים (H6440) 'the face of'.
מֶ֣לֶךְking ofN c · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Construct chain (genitival)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'king of'.
מוֹאָ֑בMoabN · מוֹאָב (H4124)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מוֹאָב (H4124) 'Moab'.
וַיֵּשְׁב֣וּand settledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceיָשַׁב (H3427) 'and settled'.
עִמּ֔וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with him'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יְמֵ֥יthe days ofN c · יוֹם (H3117)Construct chain (genitival)יוֹם (H3117) 'the days of'.
הֱיוֹתthere beingQal inf constr · הָיָה (H1961)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementהָיָה (H1961) 'there being'.
דָּוִ֖דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
בַּמְּצוּדָֽהand his netprep + art + N com c sg abs · מְצוּדָה (H4686)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצוּדָה (H4686) 'and his net'.
5

וַיֹּאמֶר֩ גָּ֨ד הַנָּבִ֜יא אֶל דָּוִ֗ד לֹ֤א תֵשֵׁב֙ בַּמְּצוּדָ֔ה לֵ֥ךְ וּבָֽאתָ לְּךָ֖ אֶ֣רֶץ יְהוּדָ֑ה וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ דָּוִ֔ד וַיָּבֹ֖א יַ֥עַר חָֽרֶת

And the prophet Gad said to David, Abide not in the hold; depart, and get you into the land of Judah. Then David departed, and came into the forest of Hareth.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וַיֹּאמֶר֩and he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
גָּ֨דGadN · גָּד (H1410)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּד (H1410) 'Gad'.
הַנָּבִ֜יאthe prophetart + N com m sg abs · נָבִיא (H5030)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָבִיא (H5030) 'the prophet'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
דָּוִ֗דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לֹ֤אnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
תֵשֵׁב֙she shall remainQal impf 2ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalיָשַׁב (H3427) 'she shall remain'.
בַּמְּצוּדָ֔הand his netprep + art + N com c sg abs · מְצוּדָה (H4686)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מְצוּדָה (H4686) 'and his net'.
לֵ֥ךְgoQal impv 2ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeהָלַךְ (H3212) 'go'.
וּבָֽאתָand you shall comeconj וְ + Qal q 2ms · בּוֹא (H935)Particle or relational elementבּוֹא (H935) 'and you shall come'.
לְּךָ֖to youprep + sfx 2msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to you'.
אֶ֣רֶץthe land ofN c · אֶרֶץ (H776)Construct chain (genitival)אֶרֶץ (H776) 'the land of'.
יְהוּדָ֑הJudahN · יְהוּדָה (H3063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוּדָה (H3063) 'Judah'.
וַיֵּ֣לֶךְand he wentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · הָלַךְ (H3212)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceהָלַךְ (H3212) 'and he went'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַיָּבֹ֖אand he cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and he came'.
יַ֥עַרforestN c · יַעַר (H3293)Construct chain (genitival)יַעַר (H3293) 'forest'.
חָֽרֶתHerethN · חֶרֶת (H2802)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶת (H2802) 'Hereth'.
6

וַיִּשְׁמַ֣ע שָׁא֔וּל כִּ֚י נוֹדַ֣ע דָּוִ֔ד וַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר אִתּ֑וֹ וְשָׁאוּל֩ יוֹשֵׁ֨ב בַּגִּבְעָ֜ה תַּֽחַת הָאֶ֤שֶׁל בָּֽרָמָה֙ וַחֲנִית֣וֹ בְיָד֔וֹ וְכָל עֲבָדָ֖יו נִצָּבִ֥ים עָלָֽיו

When Saul heard that David was discovered, and the men that with him, (now Saul abode in Gibeah under a tree in Ramah, having his spear in his hand, and all his servants standing about him;)

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he heard'.
Word-by-word analysis· 20 words
וַיִּשְׁמַ֣עand he heardconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁמַע (H8085) 'and he heard'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
נוֹדַ֣עit is knownN · יָדַע (H3045)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָדַע (H3045) 'it is known'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וַאֲנָשִׁ֖יםand menconj וְ + N com m pl abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'and men'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
אִתּ֑וֹwith himprep + sfx 3ms · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with him'.
וְשָׁאוּל֩and Saulconj וְ + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'and Saul'.
יוֹשֵׁ֨בdwellingQal ptc ms · יָשַׁב (H3427)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָשַׁב (H3427) 'dwelling'.
בַּגִּבְעָ֜הGibeahprep + art + N proper · גִּבְעָה (H1390)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גִּבְעָה (H1390) 'Gibeah'.
תַּֽחַתunderprep · תַּחַת (H8478)Particle or relational elementתַּחַת (H8478) 'under'.
הָאֶ֤שֶׁלa tamariskart + N com m sg abs · אֵשֶׁל (H815)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֵשֶׁל (H815) 'a tamarisk'.
בָּֽרָמָה֙inprep + art + N com f sg abs · רָמָה (H7413)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)רָמָה (H7413) 'in'.
וַחֲנִית֣וֹandconj וְ + N com f sg constr + sfx 3ms · חֲנִית (H2595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲנִית (H2595) 'and'.
בְיָד֔וֹin his handprep + N com c sg constr + sfx 3ms · יָד (H3027)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יָד (H3027) 'in his hand'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
עֲבָדָ֖יוhis servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
נִצָּבִ֥יםstandingN · נָצַב (H5324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
עָלָֽיוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
7

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֗וּל לַֽעֲבָדָיו֙ הַנִּצָּבִ֣ים עָלָ֔יו שִׁמְעוּ נָ֖א בְּנֵ֣י יְמִינִ֑י גַּם לְכֻלְּכֶ֗ם יִתֵּ֤ן בֶּן יִשַׁי֙ שָׂד֣וֹת וּכְרָמִ֔ים לְכֻלְּכֶ֣ם יָשִׂ֔ים שָׂרֵ֥י אֲלָפִ֖ים וְשָׂרֵ֥י מֵאֽוֹת

Then Saul said to his servants that stood about him, Hear now, you Benjamites; will the son of Jesse give every one of you fields and vineyards, make you all captains of thousands, and captains of hundreds;

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
שָׁא֗וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לַֽעֲבָדָיו֙his servantsprep + N com m pl constr + sfx 3ms · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
הַנִּצָּבִ֣יםthose standing byart + Niphal ptc mp · נָצַב (H5324)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַב (H5324) 'those standing by'.
עָלָ֔יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
שִׁמְעוּhis hearingQal impv 2mp · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'his hearing'.
נָ֖אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
בְּנֵ֣יthe sons ofN · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
יְמִינִ֑יrightN · יְמִינִי (H3227)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְמִינִי (H3227) 'right'.
גַּםalsoparticle · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
לְכֻלְּכֶ֗םallprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2mp · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יִתֵּ֤ןwould giveQal impf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָתַן (H5414) 'would give'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יִשַׁי֙JesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
שָׂד֣וֹתthe fieldN c · שָׂדֶה (H7704)Construct chain (genitival)שָׂדֶה (H7704) 'the field'.
וּכְרָמִ֔יםa vineyardconj וְ + N com c pl abs · כֶּרֶם (H3754)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֶּרֶם (H3754) 'a vineyard'.
לְכֻלְּכֶ֣םallprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2mp · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
יָשִׂ֔יםputsQal impf 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalשִׂים (H7760) 'puts'.
שָׂרֵ֥יrulers ofN c · שַׂר (H8269)Construct chain (genitival)שַׂר (H8269) 'rulers of'.
אֲלָפִ֖יםthousandAdj · אֶלֶף (H505)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶלֶף (H505) 'thousand'.
וְשָׂרֵ֥יand commanders ofconj וְ + N com m pl constr · שַׂר (H8269)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שַׂר (H8269) 'and commanders of'.
מֵאֽוֹתhundredAdj · מֵאָה (H3967)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֵאָה (H3967) 'hundred'.
8

כִּי֩ קְשַׁרְתֶּ֨ם כֻּלְּכֶ֜ם עָלַ֗י וְאֵין גֹּלֶ֤ה אֶת אָזְנִי֙ בִּכְרָת בְּנִ֣י עִם בֶּן יִשַׁ֔י וְאֵין חֹלֶ֥ה מִכֶּ֛ם עָלַ֖י וְגֹלֶ֣ה אֶת אָזְנִ֑י כִּ֣י הֵקִים֩ בְּנִ֨י אֶת עַבְדִּ֥י עָלַ֛י לְאֹרֵ֖ב כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה

That all of you have conspired against me, and none that sheweth me that my son has made a league with the son of Jesse, and none of you that is sorry for me, or sheweth to me that my son has stirred up my servant against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
kî-clause (causal, recitative, or evidential). Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'and you shall bind'.
Word-by-word analysis· 29 words
כִּי֩forconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
קְשַׁרְתֶּ֨םand you shall bindQal perf 2mp · קָשַׁר (H7194)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָשַׁר (H7194) 'and you shall bind'.
כֻּלְּכֶ֜םall of youN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of you'.
עָלַ֗יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
וְאֵיןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
גֹּלֶ֤הhe has uncoveredQal ptc ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorגָּלָה (H1540) 'he has uncovered'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אָזְנִי֙in the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
בִּכְרָתshall be cut offprep + Qal inf constr · כָּרַת (H3772)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementכָּרַת (H3772) 'shall be cut off'.
בְּנִ֣יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יִשַׁ֔יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
וְאֵיןand there is noconj וְ + neg. · אַיִן (H369)Particle or relational elementאַיִן (H369) 'and there is no'.
חֹלֶ֥הinflictedQal ptc ms · חָלָה (H2470)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorחָלָה (H2470) 'inflicted'.
מִכֶּ֛םof youprep + sfx 2mp · מִן (H4480)Particle or relational elementמִן (H4480) 'of you'.
עָלַ֖יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
וְגֹלֶ֣הand uncoversconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · גָּלָה (H1540)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorגָּלָה (H1540) 'and uncovers'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אָזְנִ֑יin the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
כִּ֣יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הֵקִים֩set upHiphil perf 3ms · קוּם (H6965)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקוּם (H6965) 'set up'.
בְּנִ֨יthe sons ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'the sons of'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
עַבְדִּ֥יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
עָלַ֛יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
לְאֹרֵ֖בlying in ambushprep + Qal ptc ms · אָרַב (H693)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַב (H693) 'lying in ambush'.
כַּיּ֥וֹםas this dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'as this day'.
הַזֶּֽהthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
9

וַיַּ֜עַן דֹּאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֗י וְה֛וּא נִצָּ֥ב עַל עַבְדֵֽי שָׁא֖וּל וַיֹּאמַ֑ר רָאִ֨יתִי֙ אֶת בֶּן יִשַׁ֔י בָּ֣א נֹ֔בֶה אֶל אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְ בֶּן אֲחִטֽוּב

Then answered Doeg the Edomite, which was set over the servants of Saul, and said, I saw the son of Jesse coming to Nob, to Ahimelech the son of Ahitub.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיַּ֜עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
דֹּאֵ֣גDoegN · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'Doeg'.
הָאֲדֹמִ֗יan Edomiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲדֹמִי (H130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדֹמִי (H130) 'an Edomite'.
וְה֛וּאand heconj וְ + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'and he'.
נִצָּ֥בstandingN · נָצַב (H5324)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נָצַב (H5324) 'standing'.
עַלonprep · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on'.
עַבְדֵֽיthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
שָׁא֖וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
רָאִ֨יתִי֙I have seenQal perf 1cs · רָאָה (H7200)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actרָאָה (H7200) 'I have seen'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
יִשַׁ֔יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
בָּ֣אcameQal ptc ms · בּוֹא (H935)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבּוֹא (H935) 'came'.
נֹ֔בֶהNobN · נֹב (H5011)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹב (H5011) 'Nob'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֲחִימֶ֖לֶךְAhimelechN · אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288) 'Ahimelech'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִטֽוּבAhitubN · אֲחִיטוּב (H285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיטוּב (H285) 'Ahitub'.
10

וַיִּשְׁאַל לוֹ֙ בַּֽיהוָ֔ה וְצֵידָ֖ה נָ֣תַן ל֑וֹ וְאֵ֗ת חֶ֛רֶב גָּלְיָ֥ת הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖י נָ֥תַן לֽוֹ

And he enquired of YHWH for him, and gave him victuals, and gave him the sword of Goliath the Philistine.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he asked'.
Word-by-word analysis· 12 words
וַיִּשְׁאַלand he askedconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁאַל (H7592) 'and he asked'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
בַּֽיהוָ֔הagainst YHWHprep + N proper · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'against YHWH'.
וְצֵידָ֖הprovisionsconj וְ + N com c sg abs · צֵדָה (H6720)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)צֵדָה (H6720) 'provisions'.
נָ֣תַןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
ל֑וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
וְאֵ֗תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
חֶ֛רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
גָּלְיָ֥תGoliathN · גׇּלְיַת (H1555)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גׇּלְיַת (H1555) 'Goliath'.
הַפְּלִשְׁתִּ֖יthe Philistinesart + N gentilic m sg abs · פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פְּלִשְׁתִּי (H6430) 'the Philistines'.
נָ֥תַןis givingQal perf 3ms · נָתַן (H5414)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actנָתַן (H5414) 'is giving'.
לֽוֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
11

וַיִּשְׁלַ֣ח הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ לִקְרֹא֩ אֶת אֲחִימֶ֨לֶךְ בֶּן אֲחִיט֜וּב הַכֹּהֵ֗ן וְאֵ֨ת כָּל בֵּ֥ית אָבִ֛יו הַכֹּהֲנִ֖ים אֲשֶׁ֣ר בְּנֹ֑ב וַיָּבֹ֥אוּ כֻלָּ֖ם אֶל הַמֶּֽלֶךְ

Then the king sent to call Ahimelech the priest, the son of Ahitub, and all his father's house, the priests that in Nob: and they came all of them to the king.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he sent'.
Word-by-word analysis· 19 words
וַיִּשְׁלַ֣חand he sentconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · שָׁלַח (H7971)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceשָׁלַח (H7971) 'and he sent'.
הַמֶּ֡לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לִקְרֹא֩to callprep + Qal inf constr · קָרָא (H7121)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקָרָא (H7121) 'to call'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אֲחִימֶ֨לֶךְAhimelechN · אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288) 'Ahimelech'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִיט֜וּבAhitubN · אֲחִיטוּב (H285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיטוּב (H285) 'Ahitub'.
הַכֹּהֵ֗ןthe priestart + N com m sg abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
וְאֵ֨תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
כָּלallN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֛יוhis fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'his father'.
הַכֹּהֲנִ֖יםthe priestsart + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priests'.
אֲשֶׁ֣רthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
בְּנֹ֑בinprep + N proper · נֹב (H5011)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹב (H5011) 'in'.
וַיָּבֹ֥אוּand they cameconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3mp · בּוֹא (H935)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבּוֹא (H935) 'and they came'.
כֻלָּ֖םall of themN c · כֹּל (H3605)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּל (H3605) 'all of them'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
הַמֶּֽלֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
12

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר שָׁא֔וּל שְֽׁמַֽע נָ֖א בֶּן אֲחִיט֑וּב וַיֹּ֖אמֶר הִנְנִ֥י אֲדֹנִֽי

And Saul said, Hear now, you son of Ahitub. And he answered, Here I , my lord.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
שְֽׁמַֽעlistenQal impv 2ms · שָׁמַע (H8085)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeשָׁמַע (H8085) 'listen'.
נָ֖אpleaseparticle · נָא (H4994)Particle or relational elementנָא (H4994) 'please'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִיט֑וּבAhitubN · אֲחִיטוּב (H285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיטוּב (H285) 'Ahitub'.
וַיֹּ֖אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הִנְנִ֥יbehold, Iadv. + sfx 1cs · הֵן (H2005)Particle or relational elementהֵן (H2005) 'behold, I'.
אֲדֹנִֽיmy lordN c · אָדוֹן (H113)Construct chain (genitival)אָדוֹן (H113) 'my lord'.
13

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר אלו אֵלָיו֙ שָׁא֔וּל לָ֚מָּה קְשַׁרְתֶּ֣ם עָלַ֔י אַתָּ֖ה וּבֶן יִשָׁ֑י בְּתִתְּךָ֨ ל֜וֹ לֶ֣חֶם וְחֶ֗רֶב וְשָׁא֥וֹל לוֹ֙ בֵּֽאלֹהִ֔ים לָק֥וּם אֵלַ֛י לְאֹרֵ֖ב כַּיּ֥וֹם הַזֶּֽה

And Saul said to him, Why have you conspired against me, you and the son of Jesse, in that you have given him bread, and a sword, and have enquired of God for him, that he should rise against me, to lie in wait, as at this day?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 22 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
אלוtoprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
אֵלָיו֙to himprep + sfx 3ms · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to him'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
לָ֚מָּהwhyprep + interrog. · מָה (H4100)Particle or relational elementמָה (H4100) 'why'.
קְשַׁרְתֶּ֣םand you shall bindQal perf 2mp · קָשַׁר (H7194)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actקָשַׁר (H7194) 'and you shall bind'.
עָלַ֔יagainst meprep + sfx 1cs · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'against me'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וּבֶןand the son ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · בֵּן (H1121)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בֵּן (H1121) 'and the son of'.
יִשָׁ֑יJesseN · יִשַׁי (H3448)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יִשַׁי (H3448) 'Jesse'.
בְּתִתְּךָ֨when you giveprep + Qal inf constr + sfx 2ms · נָתַן (H5414)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementנָתַן (H5414) 'when you give'.
ל֜וֹto himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
לֶ֣חֶםbreadN c · לֶחֶם (H3899)Construct chain (genitival)לֶחֶם (H3899) 'bread'.
וְחֶ֗רֶבand swordconj וְ + N com f sg abs · חֶרֶב (H2719)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'and sword'.
וְשָׁא֥וֹלaskconj וְ + Qal inf abs · שָׁאַל (H7592)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
לוֹ֙to himprep + sfx 3msParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to him'.
בֵּֽאלֹהִ֔יםby Godprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'by God'.
לָק֥וּםto standprep + Qal inf constr · קוּם (H6965)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementקוּם (H6965) 'to stand'.
אֵלַ֛יto meprep + sfx 1cs · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to me'.
לְאֹרֵ֖בlying in ambushprep + Qal ptc ms · אָרַב (H693)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorאָרַב (H693) 'lying in ambush'.
כַּיּ֥וֹםas this dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'as this day'.
הַזֶּֽהthisart + dem. pron xms · זֶה (H2088)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֶה (H2088) 'this'.
14

וַיַּ֧עַן אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְ אֶת הַמֶּ֖לֶךְ וַיֹּאמַ֑ר וּמִ֤י בְכָל עֲבָדֶ֨יךָ֙ כְּדָוִ֣ד נֶאֱמָ֔ן וַחֲתַ֥ן הַמֶּ֛לֶךְ וְסָ֥ר אֶל מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָ וְנִכְבָּ֥ד בְּבֵיתֶֽךָ

Then Ahimelech answered the king, and said, And who faithful among all your servants as David, which is the king's son in law, and goeth at your bidding, and is honourable in your house?

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and answered'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 17 words
וַיַּ֧עַןand answeredconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · עָנָה (H6030)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceעָנָה (H6030) 'and answered'.
אֲחִימֶ֛לֶךְAhimelechN · אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288) 'Ahimelech'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
הַמֶּ֖לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וַיֹּאמַ֑רand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
וּמִ֤יand whoconj וְ + interrog. · מִי (H4310)Particle or relational elementמִי (H4310) 'and who'.
בְכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
עֲבָדֶ֨יךָ֙your servantsN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servants'.
כְּדָוִ֣דas / likeprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'as / like'.
נֶאֱמָ֔ןfaithfulN · אָמַן (H539)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָמַן (H539) 'faithful'.
וַחֲתַ֥ןbridegroom ofconj וְ + N com m sg constr · חָתָן (H2860)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חָתָן (H2860) 'bridegroom of'.
הַמֶּ֛לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
וְסָ֥רand turning awayconj וְ + Qal ptc ms · סוּר (H5493)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorסוּר (H5493) 'and turning away'.
אֶלtoprep · אֶל (H413)Particle or relational elementאֶל (H413) 'to'.
מִשְׁמַעְתֶּ֖ךָbiddingN c · מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁמַעַת (H4928) 'bidding'.
וְנִכְבָּ֥דand he hardenedconj וְ + Niphal ptc ms · כָּבֵד (H3513)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorכָּבֵד (H3513) 'and he hardened'.
בְּבֵיתֶֽךָin your houseprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 2ms · בַּיִת (H1004)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)בַּיִת (H1004) 'in your house'.
15

הַיּ֧וֹם הַחִלֹּ֛תִי לשאול לִשְׁאָל ל֥וֹ בֵאלֹהִ֖ים חָלִ֣ילָה לִּ֑י אַל יָשֵׂם֩ הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ בְּעַבְדּ֤וֹ דָבָר֙ בְּכָל בֵּ֣ית אָבִ֔י כִּ֠י לֹֽא יָדַ֤ע עַבְדְּךָ֙ בְּכָל זֹ֔את דָּבָ֥ר קָטֹ֖ן א֥וֹ גָדֽוֹל

Did I then begin to enquire of God for him? be it far from me: let not the king impute thing to his servant, to all the house of my father: for your servant knew nothing of all this, less or more.

Qatal — perfective or stative predicationasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'I have begun'.
Word-by-word analysis· 26 words
הַיּ֧וֹםtodayart + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'today'.
הַחִלֹּ֛תִיI have begunHiphil perf 1cs · חָלַל (H2490)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actחָלַל (H2490) 'I have begun'.
לשאולto askprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁאַל (H7592)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'to ask'.
לִשְׁאָלaskprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁאַל (H7592)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
ל֥וֹaskprep + sfx 3ms · שָׁאַל (H7592)Particle or relational elementשָׁאַל (H7592) 'ask'.
בֵאלֹהִ֖יםby Godprep + N com m pl abs · אֱלֹהִים (H430)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֱלֹהִים (H430) 'by God'.
חָלִ֣ילָהfar be itparticle + Sh · חָלִילָה (H2486)Particle or relational elementחָלִילָה (H2486) 'far be it'.
לִּ֑יto meprep + sfx 1csParticle or relational elementFunction word: 'to me'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
יָשֵׂם֩and he setQal jussive 3ms · שִׂים (H7760)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalשִׂים (H7760) 'and he set'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
בְּעַבְדּ֤וֹhis servantsprep + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · עֶבֶד (H5650)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'his servants'.
דָבָר֙the matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
בֵּ֣יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִ֔יmy fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'my father'.
כִּ֠יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
לֹֽאnotneg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'not'.
יָדַ֤עhe knewQal perf 3ms · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'he knew'.
עַבְדְּךָ֙your servantN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'your servant'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
זֹ֔אתthisdem. pron xfs · זֹאת (H2063)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)זֹאת (H2063) 'this'.
דָּבָ֥רthe matter ofN c · דָּבָר (H1697)Construct chain (genitival)דָּבָר (H1697) 'the matter of'.
קָטֹ֖ןyoungAdj · קָטֹן (H6996)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)קָטֹן (H6996) 'young'.
א֥וֹorconj וְ · אוֹ (H176)Particle or relational elementאוֹ (H176) 'or'.
גָדֽוֹלgreatAdj · גָּדוֹל (H1419)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)גָּדוֹל (H1419) 'great'.
16

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ מ֥וֹת תָּמ֖וּת אֲחִימֶ֑לֶךְ אַתָּ֖ה וְכָל בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיךָ

And the king said, You shall surely die, Ahimelech, you, and all your father's house.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֔לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
מ֥וֹתsurelyQal inf abs · מוּת (H4191)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionמוּת (H4191) 'surely'.
תָּמ֖וּתyou shall dieQal impf 2ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalמוּת (H4191) 'you shall die'.
אֲחִימֶ֑לֶךְAhimelechN · אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288) 'Ahimelech'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וְכָלand allconj וְ + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'and all'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִֽיךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
17

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר הַמֶּ֡לֶךְ לָרָצִים֩ הַנִּצָּבִ֨ים עָלָ֜יו סֹ֥בּוּ וְהָמִ֣יתוּ כֹּהֲנֵ֣י יְהוָ֗ה כִּ֤י גַם יָדָם֙ עִם דָּוִ֔ד וְכִ֤י יָֽדְעוּ֙ כִּֽי בֹרֵ֣חַ ה֔וּא וְלֹ֥א גָל֖וּ אֶת אזנו אָזְנִ֑י וְלֹֽא אָב֞וּ עַבְדֵ֤י הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לִשְׁלֹ֣חַ אֶת יָדָ֔ם לִפְגֹ֖עַ בְּכֹהֲנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And the king said to the footmen that stood about him, Turn, and slay the priests of YHWH; because their hand also with David, and because they knew when he fled, and did not shew it to me. But the servants of the king would not put forth their hand to fall upon the priests of YHWH.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 34 words
וַיֹּ֣אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֡לֶךְthe kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לָרָצִים֩and he ranprep + art + Qal ptc mp · רוּץ (H7323)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorרוּץ (H7323) 'and he ran'.
הַנִּצָּבִ֨יםthose standing byart + Niphal ptc mp · נָצַב (H5324)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָצַב (H5324) 'those standing by'.
עָלָ֜יוon itprep + sfx 3ms · עַל (H5921)Particle or relational elementעַל (H5921) 'on it'.
סֹ֥בּוּand they marched aroundQal impv 2mp · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
וְהָמִ֣יתוּand he diedconj וְ + Hiphil impv 2mp · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
כֹּהֲנֵ֣יthe priestN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
יְהוָ֗הYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
כִּ֤יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
גַםalsoart · גַּם (H1571)Particle or relational elementגַּם (H1571) 'also'.
יָדָם֙their handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'their hand'.
עִםwithprep · עִם (H5973)Particle or relational elementעִם (H5973) 'with'.
דָּוִ֔דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
וְכִ֤יand ifconj וְ + conj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'and if'.
יָֽדְעוּ֙have knownQal perf 3cp · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'have known'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
בֹרֵ֣חַhad fledQal ptc ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorבָּרַח (H1272) 'had fled'.
ה֔וּאhepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
וְלֹ֥אand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
גָל֖וּshall you uncoverQal perf 3cp · גָּלָה (H1540)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actגָּלָה (H1540) 'shall you uncover'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
אזנוhis earN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'his ear'.
אָזְנִ֑יin the ears ofN c · אֹזֶן (H241)Construct chain (genitival)אֹזֶן (H241) 'in the ears of'.
וְלֹֽאand notconj וְ + neg. · לֹא (H3808)Particle or relational elementלֹא (H3808) 'and not'.
אָב֞וּhe was willingQal perf 3cp · אָבָה (H14)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actאָבָה (H14) 'he was willing'.
עַבְדֵ֤יthe servants ofN c · עֶבֶד (H5650)Construct chain (genitival)עֶבֶד (H5650) 'the servants of'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לִשְׁלֹ֣חַto let goprep + Qal inf constr · שָׁלַח (H7971)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementשָׁלַח (H7971) 'to let go'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
יָדָ֔םtheir handN c · יָד (H3027)Construct chain (genitival)יָד (H3027) 'their hand'.
לִפְגֹ֖עַand it touchedprep + Qal inf constr · פָּגַע (H6293)Infinitive construct→ Infinitive construct: purpose, result, or complementפָּגַע (H6293) 'and it touched'.
בְּכֹהֲנֵ֥יthe priestprep + N com m pl constr · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
18

וַיֹּ֤אמֶר הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙ לדויג לְדוֹאֵ֔ג סֹ֣ב אַתָּ֔ה וּפְגַ֖ע בַּכֹּהֲנִ֑ים וַיִּסֹּ֞ב דויג דּוֹאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֗י וַיִּפְגַּע הוּא֙ בַּכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔ים וַיָּ֣מֶת בַּיּ֣וֹם הַה֗וּא שְׁמֹנִ֤ים וַחֲמִשָּׁה֙ אִ֔ישׁ נֹשֵׂ֖א אֵפ֥וֹד בָּֽד

And the king said to Doeg, Turn you, and fall upon the priests. And Doeg the Edomite turned, and he fell upon the priests, and slew on that day fourscore and five persons that did wear a linen ephod.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 24 words
וַיֹּ֤אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
הַמֶּ֨לֶךְ֙the kingart + N com m sg abs · מֶלֶךְ (H4428)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)מֶלֶךְ (H4428) 'the king'.
לדויגtoprep + N proper · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'to'.
לְדוֹאֵ֔גtoprep + N proper · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'to'.
סֹ֣בcirclingQal impv 2ms · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeסָבַב (H5437) 'circling'.
אַתָּ֔הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
וּפְגַ֖עand it touchedconj וְ + Qal impv 2ms · פָּגַע (H6293)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeפָּגַע (H6293) 'and it touched'.
בַּכֹּהֲנִ֑יםamong the priestsprep + art + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'among the priests'.
וַיִּסֹּ֞בand he led aroundconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceסָבַב (H5437) 'and he led around'.
דויגDoegN · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'Doeg'.
דּוֹאֵ֣גDoegN · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'Doeg'.
הָאֲדֹמִ֗יan Edomiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲדֹמִי (H130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדֹמִי (H130) 'an Edomite'.
וַיִּפְגַּעcame uponconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · פָּגַע (H6293)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceפָּגַע (H6293) 'came upon'.
הוּא֙hepron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'he'.
בַּכֹּ֣הֲנִ֔יםamong the priestsprep + art + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'among the priests'.
וַיָּ֣מֶתand he diedconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · מוּת (H4191)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמוּת (H4191) 'and he died'.
בַּיּ֣וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַה֗וּאthatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
שְׁמֹנִ֤יםeightyAdj · שְׁמֹנִים (H8084)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שְׁמֹנִים (H8084) 'eighty'.
וַחֲמִשָּׁה֙and fiveconj וְ + Adj c · חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמִשָּׁה (H2568) 'and five'.
אִ֔ישׁa manN c · אִישׁ (H376)Construct chain (genitival)אִישׁ (H376) 'a man'.
נֹשֵׂ֖אlifts upQal ptc ms · נָשָׂא (H5375)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorנָשָׂא (H5375) 'lifts up'.
אֵפ֥וֹדthe ephodN c · אֵפוֹד (H646)Construct chain (genitival)אֵפוֹד (H646) 'the ephod'.
בָּֽדlinenN c · בַּד (H906)Construct chain (genitival)בַּד (H906) 'linen'.
19

וְאֵ֨ת נֹ֤ב עִיר הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙ הִכָּ֣ה לְפִי חֶ֔רֶב מֵאִישׁ֙ וְעַד אִשָּׁ֔ה מֵעוֹלֵ֖ל וְעַד יוֹנֵ֑ק וְשׁ֧וֹר וַחֲמ֛וֹר וָשֶׂ֖ה לְפִי חָֽרֶב

And Nob, the city of the priests, smote he with the edge of the sword, both men and women, children and sucklings, and oxen, and asses, and sheep, with the edge of the sword.

Qatal — perfective or stative predication
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Qatal — perfective or stative predication. Lead predicate is 'struck'.
Word-by-word analysis· 18 words
וְאֵ֨תand [obj]conj וְ + obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) 'and [obj]'.
נֹ֤בNobN · נֹב (H5011)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)נֹב (H5011) 'Nob'.
עִירthe city ofN c · עִיר (H5892)Construct chain (genitival)עִיר (H5892) 'the city of'.
הַכֹּֽהֲנִים֙the priestsart + N com m pl abs · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priests'.
הִכָּ֣הstruckHiphil perf 3ms · הִכָּה (H5221)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהִכָּה (H5221) 'struck'.
לְפִיwith the edge ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'with the edge of'.
חֶ֔רֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
מֵאִישׁ֙from manprep + N com m sg abs · אִישׁ (H376)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אִישׁ (H376) 'from man'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
אִשָּׁ֔הa womanN c · אִשָּׁה (H802)Construct chain (genitival)אִשָּׁה (H802) 'a woman'.
מֵעוֹלֵ֖לfromprep + N com m sg abs · עוֹלֵל (H5768)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)עוֹלֵל (H5768) 'from'.
וְעַדand toconj וְ + prep · עַד (H5704)Particle or relational elementעַד (H5704) 'and to'.
יוֹנֵ֑קnursing infantQal ptc ms · יָנַק (H3243)Participle→ Participle: attendant circumstance or substantival actorיָנַק (H3243) 'nursing infant'.
וְשׁ֧וֹרand an oxconj וְ + N com m sg abs · שׁוֹר (H7794)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שׁוֹר (H7794) 'and an ox'.
וַחֲמ֛וֹרand donkeysconj וְ + N com c sg abs · חֲמוֹר (H2543)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)חֲמוֹר (H2543) 'and donkeys'.
וָשֶׂ֖הor a sheepconj וְ + N com c sg abs · שֶׂה (H7716)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֶׂה (H7716) 'or a sheep'.
לְפִיwith the edge ofprep + N com m sg constr · פֶּה (H6310)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)פֶּה (H6310) 'with the edge of'.
חָֽרֶבthe swordN c · חֶרֶב (H2719)Construct chain (genitival)חֶרֶב (H2719) 'the sword'.
20

וַיִּמָּלֵ֣ט בֵּן אֶחָ֗ד לַאֲחִימֶ֨לֶךְ֙ בֶּן אֲחִט֔וּב וּשְׁמ֖וֹ אֶבְיָתָ֑ר וַיִּבְרַ֖ח אַחֲרֵ֥י דָוִֽד

And one of the sons of Ahimelech the son of Ahitub, named Abiathar, escaped, and fled after David.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he escaped'.
Word-by-word analysis· 11 words
וַיִּמָּלֵ֣טand he escapedconj וְ + Niphal wayyiqtol 3ms · מָלַט (H4422)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceמָלַט (H4422) 'and he escaped'.
בֵּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֶחָ֗דoneAdj · אֶחָד (H259)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶחָד (H259) 'one'.
לַאֲחִימֶ֨לֶךְ֙toprep + N proper · אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִימֶלֶךְ (H288) 'to'.
בֶּןson ofN c · בֵּן (H1121)Construct chain (genitival)בֵּן (H1121) 'son of'.
אֲחִט֔וּבAhitubN · אֲחִיטוּב (H285)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲחִיטוּב (H285) 'Ahitub'.
וּשְׁמ֖וֹand his nameconj וְ + N com m sg constr + sfx 3ms · שֵׁם (H8034)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שֵׁם (H8034) 'and his name'.
אֶבְיָתָ֑רAbiatharN · אֶבְיָתָר (H54)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיָתָר (H54) 'Abiathar'.
וַיִּבְרַ֖חand he fledconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · בָּרַח (H1272)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceבָּרַח (H1272) 'and he fled'.
אַחֲרֵ֥יafterprep · אַחַר (H310)Particle or relational elementאַחַר (H310) 'after'.
דָוִֽדDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
21

וַיַּגֵּ֥ד אֶבְיָתָ֖ר לְדָוִ֑ד כִּ֚י הָרַ֣ג שָׁא֔וּל אֵ֖ת כֹּהֲנֵ֥י יְהוָֽה

And Abiathar shewed David that Saul had slain YHWH's priests.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and it was told'.
Word-by-word analysis· 9 words
וַיַּגֵּ֥דand it was toldconj וְ + Hiphil wayyiqtol 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceנָגַד (H5046) 'and it was told'.
אֶבְיָתָ֖רAbiatharN · אֶבְיָתָר (H54)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיָתָר (H54) 'Abiathar'.
לְדָוִ֑דtoprep + N proper · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'to'.
כִּ֚יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הָרַ֣גsurelyQal perf 3ms · הָרַג (H2026)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actהָרַג (H2026) 'surely'.
שָׁא֔וּלShaulN · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'Shaul'.
אֵ֖ת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
כֹּהֲנֵ֥יthe priestN c · כֹּהֵן (H3548)Construct chain (genitival)כֹּהֵן (H3548) 'the priest'.
יְהוָֽהYHWHN · יְהוָה (H3068)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יְהוָה (H3068) 'YHWH'.
22

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר דָּוִ֜ד לְאֶבְיָתָ֗ר יָדַ֜עְתִּי בַּיּ֤וֹם הַהוּא֙ כִּֽי שָׁם֙ דויג דּוֹאֵ֣ג הָאֲדֹמִ֔י כִּֽי הַגֵּ֥ד יַגִּ֖יד לְשָׁא֑וּל אָנֹכִ֣י סַבֹּ֔תִי בְּכָל נֶ֖פֶשׁ בֵּ֥ית אָבִֽיךָ

And David said to Abiathar, I knew that day, when Doeg the Edomite there, that he would surely tell Saul: I have occasioned of all the persons of your father's house.

Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action
wə-chaining from the preceding clause. Narrative wayyiqtol — foregrounded sequential action. Lead predicate is 'and he said'. Speech formula or quoted address.
Word-by-word analysis· 21 words
וַיֹּ֨אמֶרand he saidconj וְ + Qal wayyiqtol 3ms · אָמַר (H559)Predicate verb (wayyiqtol of narrative sequence)→ Wayyiqtol: foregrounded narrative advanceאָמַר (H559) 'and he said'.
דָּוִ֜דDavidN · דָּוִד (H1732)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דָּוִד (H1732) 'David'.
לְאֶבְיָתָ֗רtoprep + N proper · אֶבְיָתָר (H54)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֶבְיָתָר (H54) 'to'.
יָדַ֜עְתִּיI knowQal perf 1cs · יָדַע (H3045)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actיָדַע (H3045) 'I know'.
בַּיּ֤וֹםon the dayprep + art + N com m sg abs · יוֹם (H3117)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)יוֹם (H3117) 'on the day'.
הַהוּא֙thatart + pron 3ms · הִיא (H1931)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)הִיא (H1931) 'that'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
שָׁם֙thereart · שָׁם (H8033)Particle or relational elementשָׁם (H8033) 'there'.
דויגDoegN · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'Doeg'.
דּוֹאֵ֣גDoegN · דֹּאֵג (H1673)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)דֹּאֵג (H1673) 'Doeg'.
הָאֲדֹמִ֔יan Edomiteart + N gentilic m sg abs · אֲדֹמִי (H130)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אֲדֹמִי (H130) 'an Edomite'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
הַגֵּ֥דit was surelyHiphil inf abs · נָגַד (H5046)Infinitive absolute→ Infinitive absolute: emphasis or attendant actionנָגַד (H5046) 'it was surely'.
יַגִּ֖ידhe testifiesHiphil impf 3ms · נָגַד (H5046)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalנָגַד (H5046) 'he testifies'.
לְשָׁא֑וּלof Shaulprep + N proper · שָׁאוּל (H7586)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)שָׁאוּל (H7586) 'of Shaul'.
אָנֹכִ֣יIpron 1cs · אָנֹכִי (H595)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אָנֹכִי (H595) 'I'.
סַבֹּ֔תִיand they marched aroundQal perf 1cs · סָבַב (H5437)Predicate verb (qatal)→ Perfective: a completed actסָבַב (H5437) 'and they marched around'.
בְּכָלin allprep + N com m sg constr · כֹּל (H3605)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)כֹּל (H3605) 'in all'.
נֶ֖פֶשׁa personN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'a person'.
בֵּ֥יתthe house ofN c · בַּיִת (H1004)Construct chain (genitival)בַּיִת (H1004) 'the house of'.
אָבִֽיךָyour fatherN c · אָב (H1)Construct chain (genitival)אָב (H1) 'your father'.
23

שְׁבָ֤ה אִתִּי֙ אַל תִּירָ֔א כִּ֛י אֲשֶׁר יְבַקֵּ֥שׁ אֶת נַפְשִׁ֖י יְבַקֵּ֣שׁ אֶת נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָ כִּֽי מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶת אַתָּ֖ה עִמָּדִֽי

Abide you with me, fear not: for he that seeketh my life seeketh your life: but with me you in safeguard.

Imperative — volitional addressasyndeton
Asyndeton: no clause-level wə. Imperative — volitional address. Lead predicate is 'sit'. Closes the chapter.
Word-by-word analysis· 16 words
שְׁבָ֤הsitQal impv 2ms + Sh · יָשַׁב (H3427)Predicate verb (imperative)→ Volitional: imperativeיָשַׁב (H3427) 'sit'.
אִתִּי֙with meprep + sfx 1cs · אֵת (H854)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H854) 'with me'.
אַלdo notneg. · אַל (H408)Particle or relational elementאַל (H408) 'do not'.
תִּירָ֔אfearQal jussive 2ms · יָרֵא (H3372)Predicate verb (jussive)→ Jussive: volitionalיָרֵא (H3372) 'fear'.
כִּ֛יforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
אֲשֶׁרthatrel. שֶׁ · אֲשֶׁר (H834)Particle or relational elementאֲשֶׁר (H834) 'that'.
יְבַקֵּ֥שׁlet him requirePiel impf 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'let him require'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשִׁ֖יmy soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'my soul'.
יְבַקֵּ֣שׁlet him requirePiel impf 3ms · בִּקֵּשׁ (H1245)Predicate verb (yiqtol)→ Yiqtol: imperfective or modalבִּקֵּשׁ (H1245) 'let him require'.
אֶת(obj)obj marker · אֵת (H853)Particle or relational elementאֵת (H853) '(obj)'.
נַפְשֶׁ֑ךָyour soulN c · נֶפֶשׁ (H5315)Construct chain (genitival)נֶפֶשׁ (H5315) 'your soul'.
כִּֽיforconj וְ · כִּי (H3588)Particle or relational elementכִּי (H3588) 'for'.
מִשְׁמֶ֥רֶתthe charge ofN c · מִשְׁמֶרֶת (H4931)Construct chain (genitival)מִשְׁמֶרֶת (H4931) 'the charge of'.
אַתָּ֖הyoupron 2ms · אַתָּה (H859)Nominal (subject, object, or apposition)אַתָּה (H859) 'you'.
עִמָּדִֽיwith meprep + sfx 1cs · עִמָּד (H5978)Particle or relational elementעִמָּד (H5978) 'with me'.