← Hosea

On the Hebrew text. The Hebrew follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition, as represented by standard diplomatic editions in their main wording; distinctively copyrighted critical apparatus is not reproduced. Versification follows the MT.

The Book of Hosea (MT) — Interlinear Summary

A consolidated companion to the Masoretic-Text Hosea data set: each chapter rendered as a six-tier Hebrew reverse-interlinear (Hebrew · gloss · parsing · syntax · semantic force · lexical note), with per-verse discourse analysis and a chapter argument-outline.

This document gathers, for each annotated chapter, the theme, the argument outline, and the textual / exegetical note (the text_note of each file, with the shared critical-text preface removed since it is stated once above). Covenant love betrayed and pursued in the prophet's own house and message. The Hebrew follows the Masoretic Text in the Leningrad tradition (Westminster Leningrad Codex / OSHB); distinctively copyrighted apparatus is not reproduced, and Hebrew (MT) versification is used throughout.

Scope. 14 chapters · 197 verses · 2,386 annotated words.

Hosea

Hosea 1 — הושע 1

Theme. Hosea 1 (9 verses in the MT) opens: The word of YHWH that came to Hosea, the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel. The middle of the chapter continues: And it shall come to pass at that day, that I will break the bow of Israel in the valley of Jezreel. It closes: Then said , Call his name Loammi: for you not my people, and I will not be your .

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 1 comprises 9 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — The word of YHWH that came to Hosea, the son of Beeri, in the days of Uz. The word of YHWH that came to Hosea, the son of Beeri, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, Hezekiah, kings of Judah, and in the days of Jeroboam the son of Joash, king of Israel. The beginning of the word of YHWH by Hosea. And YHWH said to Hosea, Go, take to you a wife of whoredoms and children of whoredoms: for the land has committed great whoredom, from. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — And it shall come to pass at that day, that I will break the bow of Isra. And it shall come to pass at that day, that I will break the bow of Israel in the valley of Jezreel. And she conceived again, and bare a daughter. And said to him, Call her name Loruhamah: for I will no more have mercy upon the house of Israel; but I will utterly take them away. But I will have mercy upon the house of Judah, and will save them by YHWH their. Movement III (vv. 9) — Then said , Call his name Loammi: for you not my people, and I will not. Then said , Call his name Loammi: for you not my people, and I will not be your . Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 2 — הושע 2

Theme. Hosea 2 (25 verses in the MT) opens: Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, in the place where it was said to them, You not my people, it shall be said to. The middle of the chapter continues: I will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her new moons, and her sabbaths, and all her solemn feasts. It closes: And I will sow her to me in the earth; and I will have mercy upon her that had not obtained mercy; and I will say to not my people, You my people; and they shall say, my God.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 2 comprises 25 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-5) — Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea. Yet the number of the children of Israel shall be as the sand of the sea, which cannot be measured nor numbered; and it shall come to pass, in the place where it was said to them, You not my people, it shall be said to them, the sons of the living God. Then shall the children of Judah and the children of Israel be gathered together, and appoint themselves. Movement II (vv. 6-10) — And I will not have mercy upon her children; for they the children of wh. And I will not have mercy upon her children; for they the children of whoredoms. For their mother has played the harlot: she that conceived them has done shamefully: for she said, I will go after my lovers, that give my bread and my water, my wool and my flax, mine oil and my drink. Therefore, behold, I will hedge up your way with thorns, and make a wall,. Movement III (vv. 11-15) — Therefore will I return, and take away my corn in the time thereof, and. Therefore will I return, and take away my corn in the time thereof, and my wine in the season thereof, and will recover my wool and my flax to cover her nakedness. And now will I discover her lewdness in the sight of her lovers, and none shall deliver her out of mine hand. I will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her new moons, and her. Movement IV (vv. 16-20) — Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness. Therefore, behold, I will allure her, and bring her into the wilderness, and speak comfortably to her. And I will give her her vineyards from thence, and the valley of Achor for a door of hope: and she shall sing there, as in the days of her youth, and as in the day when she came up out of the land of Egypt. And it shall be at that day, says YHWH, you shall. Movement V (vv. 21-25) — And I will betroth you to me for ever; yea, I will betroth you to me in. And I will betroth you to me for ever; yea, I will betroth you to me in righteousness, and in judgment, and in lovingkindness, and in mercies. I will even betroth you to me in faithfulness: and you shall know YHWH. And it shall come to pass in that day, I will hear, says YHWH, I will hear the heavens, and they shall hear the earth; And the earth shall hear. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 3 — הושע 3

Theme. Hosea 3 (5 verses in the MT) opens: Then said YHWH to me, Go yet, love a woman beloved of friend, yet an adulteress, according to the love of YHWH toward the children of Israel, who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine. The middle of the chapter continues: And I said to her, You shall abide for me many days; you shall not play the harlot, and you shall not be for man: so I also for you. It closes: Afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek YHWH their God, and David their king; and shall fear YHWH and his goodness in the latter days.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 3 comprises 5 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Then said YHWH to me, Go yet, love a woman beloved of friend, yet an adu. Then said YHWH to me, Go yet, love a woman beloved of friend, yet an adulteress, according to the love of YHWH toward the children of Israel, who look to other gods, and love flagons of wine. So I bought her to me for fifteen of silver, and an homer of barley, and an half homer of barley: And I said to her, You shall abide for me many days; you shall not. Movement II (vv. 5) — Afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek YHWH their God,. Afterward shall the children of Israel return, and seek YHWH their God, and David their king; and shall fear YHWH and his goodness in the latter days. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 4 — הושע 4

Theme. Hosea 4 (19 verses in the MT) opens: Hear the word of YHWH, you children of Israel: for YHWH has a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land. The middle of the chapter continues: For they shall eat, and not have enough: they shall commit whoredom, and shall not increase: because they have left off to take heed to YHWH. It closes: The wind has bound her up in her wings, and they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 4 comprises 19 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Hear the word of YHWH, you children of Israel: for YHWH has a controvers. Hear the word of YHWH, you children of Israel: for YHWH has a controversy with the inhabitants of the land, because no truth, nor mercy, nor knowledge of God in the land. By swearing, and lying, and killing, and stealing, and committing adultery, they break out, and blood toucheth blood. Therefore shall the land mourn, and every one that dwelleth therein. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Therefore shall you fall in the day, and the prophet also shall fall wit. Therefore shall you fall in the day, and the prophet also shall fall with you in the night, and I will destroy your mother. My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge: because you have rejected knowledge, I will also reject you, that you shall be no priest to me: seeing you have forgotten the law of your God, I will also forget your children. As they. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — And there shall be, like people, like priest: and I will punish them for. And there shall be, like people, like priest: and I will punish them for their ways, and reward them their doings. For they shall eat, and not have enough: they shall commit whoredom, and shall not increase: because they have left off to take heed to YHWH. Whoredom and wine and new wine take away the heart. My people ask counsel at their stocks, and their. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — They sacrifice upon the tops of the mountains, and burn incense upon the. They sacrifice upon the tops of the mountains, and burn incense upon the hills, under oaks and poplars and elms, because the shadow thereof good: therefore your daughters shall commit whoredom, and your spouses shall commit adultery. I will not punish your daughters when they commit whoredom, nor your spouses when they commit adultery: for themselves are. Movement V (vv. 17-19) — Ephraim joined to idols: let him alone. Ephraim joined to idols: let him alone. Their drink is sour: they have committed whoredom continually: her rulers shame do love, Give you. The wind has bound her up in her wings, and they shall be ashamed because of their sacrifices. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 5 — הושע 5

Theme. Hosea 5 (15 verses in the MT) opens: Hear you this, O priests; and hearken, you house of Israel; and give you ear, O house of the king; for judgment toward you, because you have been a snare on Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor. The middle of the chapter continues: Blow you the cornet in Gibeah, the trumpet in Ramah: cry aloud Bethaven, after you, O Benjamin. It closes: I will go return to my place, till they acknowledge their offence, and seek my face: in their affliction they will seek me early.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 5 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Hear you this, O priests; and hearken, you house of Israel; and give you. Hear you this, O priests; and hearken, you house of Israel; and give you ear, O house of the king; for judgment toward you, because you have been a snare on Mizpah, and a net spread upon Tabor. And the revolters are profound to make slaughter, though I a rebuker of them all. I know Ephraim, and Israel is not hid from me: for now, O Ephraim, you committest. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — And the pride of Israel does testify to his face: therefore shall Israel. And the pride of Israel does testify to his face: therefore shall Israel and Ephraim fall in their iniquity; Judah also shall fall with them. They shall go with their flocks and with their herds to seek YHWH; but they shall not find ; he has withdrawn himself from them. They have dealt treacherously against YHWH: for they have begotten strange children: now. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Isra. Ephraim shall be desolate in the day of rebuke: among the tribes of Israel have I made known that which shall surely be. The princes of Judah were like them that remove the bound: I will pour out my wrath upon them like water. Ephraim oppressed broken in judgment, because he willingly walked after the commandment. Therefore I to Ephraim as a moth, and to. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his wound, then went Ephraim to. When Ephraim saw his sickness, and Judah his wound, then went Ephraim to the Assyrian, and sent to king Jareb: yet could he not heal you, nor cure you of your wound. For I to Ephraim as a lion, and as a young lion to the house of Judah: I, I, will tear and go away; I will take away, and none shall rescue . I will go return to my place, till they acknowledge. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 6 — הושע 6

Theme. Hosea 6 (11 verses in the MT) opens: Come, and let us return to YHWH: for he has torn, and he will heal us; he has smitten, and he will bind us up. The middle of the chapter continues: For I desired mercy, and not sacrifice; and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings. It closes: Also, O Judah, he has set an harvest for you, when I returned the captivity of my people.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 6 comprises 11 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Come, and let us return to YHWH: for he has torn, and he will heal us; h. Come, and let us return to YHWH: for he has torn, and he will heal us; he has smitten, and he will bind us up. After two days will he revive us: in the third day he will raise us up, and we shall live in his sight. Then shall we know, we follow on to know YHWH: his going forth is prepared as the morning; and he shall come to us as the rain, as the latter. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Therefore have I hewed by the prophets; I have slain them by the words o. Therefore have I hewed by the prophets; I have slain them by the words of my mouth: and your judgments the light goeth forth. For I desired mercy, and not sacrifice; and the knowledge of God more than burnt offerings. But they like men have transgressed the covenant: there have they dealt treacherously against me. Gilead a city of them that work iniquity,. Movement III (vv. 9-11) — And as troops of robbers wait for a man, the company of priests murder i. And as troops of robbers wait for a man, the company of priests murder in the way by consent: for they commit lewdness. I have seen an horrible thing in the house of Israel: there the whoredom of Ephraim, Israel is defiled. Also, O Judah, he has set an harvest for you, when I returned the captivity of my people. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 7 — הושע 7

Theme. Hosea 7 (16 verses in the MT) opens: When I would have healed Israel, then the iniquity of Ephraim was discovered, and the wickedness of Samaria: for they commit falsehood; and the thief cometh in, the troop of robbers spoileth without. The middle of the chapter continues: Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth not: yea, gray hairs are here and there upon him, yet he knoweth not. It closes: They return, not to the most High: they are like a deceitful bow: their princes shall fall by the sword for the rage of their tongue: this their derision in the land of Egypt.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 7 comprises 16 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — When I would have healed Israel, then the iniquity of Ephraim was discov. When I would have healed Israel, then the iniquity of Ephraim was discovered, and the wickedness of Samaria: for they commit falsehood; and the thief cometh in, the troop of robbers spoileth without. And they consider not in their hearts I remember all their wickedness: now their own doings have beset them about; they are before my face. They make the king. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — In the day of our king the princes have made sick with bottles of wine;. In the day of our king the princes have made sick with bottles of wine; he stretched out his hand with scorners. For they have made ready their heart like an oven, whiles they lie in wait: their baker sleepeth all the night; in the morning it burneth as a flaming fire. They are all hot as an oven, and have devoured their judges; all their kings are fallen:. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth not: yea, gray hair. Strangers have devoured his strength, and he knoweth not: yea, gray hairs are here and there upon him, yet he knoweth not. And the pride of Israel testifieth to his face: and they do not return to YHWH their God, nor seek him for all this. Ephraim also is like a silly dove without heart: they call to Egypt, they go to Assyria. When they shall go, I will. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — Woe to them! for they have fled from me: destruction to them! because th. Woe to them! for they have fled from me: destruction to them! because they have transgressed against me: though I have redeemed them, yet they have spoken lies against me. And they have not cried to me with their heart, when they howled upon their beds: they assemble themselves for corn and wine, they rebel against me. Though I have bound strengthened their. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 8 — הושע 8

Theme. Hosea 8 (14 verses in the MT) opens: the trumpet to your mouth. as an eagle against the house of YHWH, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law. The middle of the chapter continues: Israel is swallowed up: now shall they be among the Gentiles as a vessel wherein no pleasure. It closes: For Israel has forgotten his Maker, and buildeth temples; and Judah has multiplied fenced cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the palaces thereof.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 8 comprises 14 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — the trumpet to your mouth. the trumpet to your mouth. as an eagle against the house of YHWH, because they have transgressed my covenant, and trespassed against my law. Israel shall cry to me, My God, we know you. Israel has cast off good: the enemy shall pursue him. They have set up kings, but not by me: they have made princes, and I knew not: of their silver and their gold have they. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Your calf, O Samaria, has cast off; mine anger is kindled against them:. Your calf, O Samaria, has cast off; mine anger is kindled against them: how long ere they attain to innocency? For from Israel it also: the workman made it; therefore it not God: but the calf of Samaria shall be broken in pieces. For they have sown the wind, and they shall reap the whirlwind: it has no stalk: the bud shall yield no meal: if so be it yield,. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — For they are gone up to Assyria, a wild ass alone by himself: Ephraim ha. For they are gone up to Assyria, a wild ass alone by himself: Ephraim has hired lovers. Yea, though they have hired among the nations, now will I gather them, and they shall sorrow a little for the burden of the king of princes. Because Ephraim has made many altars to sin, altars shall be to him to sin. I have written to him the great things of my law, they. Movement IV (vv. 13-14) — They sacrifice flesh the sacrifices of mine offerings, and eat YHWH acce. They sacrifice flesh the sacrifices of mine offerings, and eat YHWH accepteth them not; now will he remember their iniquity, and visit their sins: they shall return to Egypt. For Israel has forgotten his Maker, and buildeth temples; and Judah has multiplied fenced cities: but I will send a fire upon his cities, and it shall devour the palaces thereof. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 9 — הושע 9

Theme. Hosea 9 (17 verses in the MT) opens: Rejoice not, O Israel, for joy, as people: for you have gone a whoring from your God, you have loved a reward upon every cornfloor. The middle of the chapter continues: They have deeply corrupted , as in the days of Gibeah: he will remember their iniquity, he will visit their sins. It closes: My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken to him: and they shall be wanderers among the nations.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 9 comprises 17 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Rejoice not, O Israel, for joy, as people: for you have gone a whoring f. Rejoice not, O Israel, for joy, as people: for you have gone a whoring from your God, you have loved a reward upon every cornfloor. The floor and the winepress shall not feed them, and the new wine shall fail in her. They shall not dwell in YHWH's land; but Ephraim shall return to Egypt, and they shall eat unclean in Assyria. They shall not offer wine to. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — What will you do in the solemn day, and in the day of the feast of YHWH?. What will you do in the solemn day, and in the day of the feast of YHWH? For, lo, they are gone because of destruction: Egypt shall gather them up, Memphis shall bury them: the pleasant for their silver, nettles shall possess them: thorns in their tabernacles. The days of visitation are come, the days of recompence are come; Israel shall know : the prophet. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — They have deeply corrupted , as in the days of Gibeah: he will remember. They have deeply corrupted , as in the days of Gibeah: he will remember their iniquity, he will visit their sins. I found Israel like grapes in the wilderness; I saw your fathers as the firstripe in the fig tree at her first time: they went to Baalpeor, and separated themselves to shame; and abominations were according as they loved. Ephraim, their glory. Movement IV (vv. 13-16) — Ephraim, as I saw Tyrus, planted in a pleasant place: but Ephraim shall. Ephraim, as I saw Tyrus, planted in a pleasant place: but Ephraim shall bring forth his children to the murderer. Give them, O YHWH: what will you give? give them a miscarrying womb and dry breasts. All their wickedness in Gilgal: for there I hated them: for the wickedness of their doings I will drive them out of mine house, I will love them no more: all. Movement V (vv. 17) — My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken to him: and the. My God will cast them away, because they did not hearken to him: and they shall be wanderers among the nations. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 10 — הושע 10

Theme. Hosea 10 (15 verses in the MT) opens: Israel an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit to himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he has increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images. The middle of the chapter continues: The high places also of Aven, the sin of Israel, shall be destroyed: the thorn and the thistle shall come up on their altars; and they shall say to the mountains, Cover us; and to the hills, Fall on us. It closes: So shall Bethel do to you because of your great wickedness: in a morning shall the king of Israel utterly be cut off.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 10 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Israel an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit to himself: according to t. Israel an empty vine, he bringeth forth fruit to himself: according to the multitude of his fruit he has increased the altars; according to the goodness of his land they have made goodly images. Their heart is divided; now shall they be found faulty: he shall break down their altars, he shall spoil their images. For now they shall say, We have no king,. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — The inhabitants of Samaria shall fear because of the calves of Bethaven:. The inhabitants of Samaria shall fear because of the calves of Bethaven: for the people thereof shall mourn over it, and the priests thereof rejoiced on it, for the glory thereof, because it is departed from it. It shall be also carried to Assyria a present to king Jareb: Ephraim shall receive shame, and Israel shall be ashamed of his own counsel. Samaria,. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — O Israel, you have sinned from the days of Gibeah: there they stood: the. O Israel, you have sinned from the days of Gibeah: there they stood: the battle in Gibeah against the children of iniquity did not overtake them. in my desire that I should chastise them; and the people shall be gathered against them, when they shall bind themselves in their two furrows. And Ephraim an heifer taught, loveth to tread out ; but I passed over. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — You have plowed wickedness, you have reaped iniquity; you have eaten the. You have plowed wickedness, you have reaped iniquity; you have eaten the fruit of lies: because you didst trust in your way, in the multitude of your mighty men. Therefore shall a tumult arise among your people, and all your fortresses shall be spoiled, as Shalman spoiled Betharbel in the day of battle: the mother was dashed in pieces upon children. So. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 11 — הושע 11

Theme. Hosea 11 (11 verses in the MT) opens: When Israel a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt. The middle of the chapter continues: And the sword shall abide on his cities, and shall consume his branches, and devour , because of their own counsels. It closes: They shall tremble as a bird out of Egypt, and as a dove out of the land of Assyria: and I will place them in their houses, says YHWH.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 11 comprises 11 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — When Israel a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt. When Israel a child, then I loved him, and called my son out of Egypt. they called them, so they went from them: they sacrificed to Baalim, and burned incense to graven images. I taught Ephraim also to go, taking them by their arms; but they knew not that I healed them. I drew them with cords of a man, with bands of love: and I was to them as they that take. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be hi. He shall not return into the land of Egypt, but the Assyrian shall be his king, because they refused to return. And the sword shall abide on his cities, and shall consume his branches, and devour , because of their own counsels. And my people are bent to backsliding from me: though they called them to the most High, none at all would exalt . How shall I. Movement III (vv. 9-11) — I will not execute the fierceness of mine anger, I will not return to de. I will not execute the fierceness of mine anger, I will not return to destroy Ephraim: for I God, and not man; the Holy One in the midst of you: and I will not enter into the city. They shall walk after YHWH: he shall roar like a lion: when he shall roar, then the children shall tremble from the west. They shall tremble as a bird out of Egypt, and as a dove. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 12 — הושע 12

Theme. Hosea 12 (15 verses in the MT) opens: Ephraim compasseth me about with lies, and the house of Israel with deceit: but Judah yet ruleth with God, and is faithful with the saints. The middle of the chapter continues: a merchant, the balances of deceit in his hand: he loveth to oppress. It closes: Ephraim provoked to anger most bitterly: therefore shall he leave his blood upon him, and his reproach shall his Lord return to him.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 12 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Ephraim compasseth me about with lies, and the house of Israel with dece. Ephraim compasseth me about with lies, and the house of Israel with deceit: but Judah yet ruleth with God, and is faithful with the saints. Ephraim feedeth on wind, and followeth after the east wind: he daily increaseth lies and desolation; and they do make a covenant with the Assyrians, and oil is carried into Egypt. YHWH has also a controversy with Judah,. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed: he wept, and made suppl. Yea, he had power over the angel, and prevailed: he wept, and made supplication to him: he found him Bethel, and there he spake with us; Even YHWH God of hosts; YHWH his memorial. Therefore turn you to your God: keep mercy and judgment, and wait on your God continually. a merchant, the balances of deceit in his hand: he loveth to oppress. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — And Ephraim said, Yet I am become rich, I have found me out substance: a. And Ephraim said, Yet I am become rich, I have found me out substance: all my labours they shall find none iniquity in me that sin. And I YHWH your God from the land of Egypt will yet make you to dwell in tabernacles, as in the days of the solemn feast. I have also spoken by the prophets, and I have multiplied visions, and used similitudes, by the ministry. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — And Jacob fled into the country of Syria, and Israel served for a wife,. And Jacob fled into the country of Syria, and Israel served for a wife, and for a wife he kept . And by a prophet YHWH brought Israel out of Egypt, and by a prophet was he preserved. Ephraim provoked to anger most bitterly: therefore shall he leave his blood upon him, and his reproach shall his Lord return to him. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 13 — הושע 13

Theme. Hosea 13 (15 verses in the MT) opens: When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he offended in Baal, he died. The middle of the chapter continues: I will meet them as a bear bereaved , and will rend the caul of their heart, and there will I devour them like a lion: the wild beast shall tear them. It closes: Though he be fruitful among brethren, an east wind shall come, the wind of YHWH shall come up from the wilderness, and his spring shall become dry, and his fountain shall be dried up: he shall spoil the treasure of all.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 13 comprises 15 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he. When Ephraim spake trembling, he exalted himself in Israel; but when he offended in Baal, he died. And now they sin more and more, and have made them molten images of their silver, idols according to their own understanding, all of it the work of the craftsmen: they say of them, Let the men that sacrifice kiss the calves. Therefore they shall be as the. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — I did know you in the wilderness, in the land of great drought. I did know you in the wilderness, in the land of great drought. According to their pasture, so were they filled; they were filled, and their heart was exalted; therefore have they forgotten me. Therefore I will be to them as a lion: as a leopard by the way will I observe : I will meet them as a bear bereaved , and will rend the caul of their heart, and. Movement III (vv. 9-12) — O Israel, you have destroyed thyself; but in me your help. O Israel, you have destroyed thyself; but in me your help. I will be your king: where that may save you in all your cities? and your judges of whom you saidst, Give me a king and princes? I gave you a king in mine anger, and took away in my wrath. The iniquity of Ephraim bound up; his sin hid. Movement IV (vv. 13-15) — The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he an unwise son;. The sorrows of a travailing woman shall come upon him: he an unwise son; for he should not stay long in the breaking forth of children. I will ransom them from the power of the grave; I will redeem them from death: O death, I will be your plagues; O grave, I will be your destruction: repentance shall be hid from mine eyes. Though he be fruitful among. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.

Hosea 14 — הושע 14

Theme. Hosea 14 (10 verses in the MT) opens: Samaria shall become desolate; for she has rebelled against her God: they shall fall by the sword: their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child shall be ripped up. The middle of the chapter continues: I will be as the dew to Israel: he shall grow as the lily, and cast forth his roots as Lebanon. It closes: Who wise, and he shall understand these ? prudent, and he shall know them? for the ways of YHWH right, and the just shall walk in them: but the transgressors shall fall therein.

Outline.

Textual note. Hosea 14 comprises 10 verses in MT order. Movement I (vv. 1-4) — Samaria shall become desolate; for she has rebelled against her God: the. Samaria shall become desolate; for she has rebelled against her God: they shall fall by the sword: their infants shall be dashed in pieces, and their women with child shall be ripped up. O Israel, return to YHWH your God; for you have fallen by your iniquity. Take with you words, and turn to YHWH: say to him, Take away all iniquity, and receive graciously:. Movement II (vv. 5-8) — I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely: for mine anger i. I will heal their backsliding, I will love them freely: for mine anger is turned away from him. I will be as the dew to Israel: he shall grow as the lily, and cast forth his roots as Lebanon. His branches shall spread, and his beauty shall be as the olive tree, and his smell as Lebanon. They that dwell under his shadow shall return; they shall revive the. Movement III (vv. 9-10) — Ephraim , What have I to do any more with idols? I have heard , and obse. Ephraim , What have I to do any more with idols? I have heard , and observed him: I like a green fir tree. From me is your fruit found. Who wise, and he shall understand these ? prudent, and he shall know them? for the ways of YHWH right, and the just shall walk in them: but the transgressors shall fall therein. Where English printed Bibles divide verses differently, this annotation follows MT versification throughout.